refactor(benchmark_test): migrate from github.com/ipfs/go-cid to code.sonr.org/go/cid

Bumps [golang.org/x/crypto](https://github.com/golang/crypto) from 0.35.0 to 0.45.0.
- [Commits](https://github.com/golang/crypto/compare/v0.35.0...v0.45.0)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: golang.org/x/crypto
  dependency-version: 0.45.0
  dependency-type: indirect
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

.github/Repo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+[scopes]
+ci = [".github/workflows"]
+config = [".github", "codecov.yml", "go.mod", "go.sum", "Makefile", "version.json"]
+docs = ["README.md", "LICENSE"]
+tests = ["*_test.go", "fuzz-data"]
+research = ["_rsrch"]
+core = ["cid.go", "builder.go", "set.go", "varint.go", "cid_fuzz.go", "deprecated.go"]

.github/dependabot.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+version: 2
+updates:
+- package-ecosystem: gomod
+  directory: "/"
+  schedule:
+    interval: weekly
+    time: "11:00"
+  open-pull-requests-limit: 10

.github/workflows/automerge.yml

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-# File managed by web3-bot. DO NOT EDIT.
-# See https://github.com/protocol/.github/ for details.
-
-# Automatically merge pull requests opened by web3-bot, as soon as (and only if) all tests pass.
-# This reduces the friction associated with updating with our workflows.
-
-on: [ pull_request ]
-
-jobs:
-  automerge:
-    if: github.event.pull_request.user.login == 'web3-bot'
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-    - name: Wait on tests
-      uses: lewagon/wait-on-check-action@bafe56a6863672c681c3cf671f5e10b20abf2eaa # v0.2
-      with:
-        ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
-        repo-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-        wait-interval: 10
-        running-workflow-name: 'automerge' # the name of this job
-    - name: Merge PR
-      uses: pascalgn/automerge-action@741c311a47881be9625932b0a0de1b0937aab1ae # v0.13.1
-      env:
-        GITHUB_TOKEN: "${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}"
-        MERGE_LABELS: ""
-        MERGE_METHOD: "squash"
-        MERGE_DELETE_BRANCH: true

.github/workflows/generated-pr.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+name: Close Generated PRs
+
+on:
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '0 0 * * *'
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+permissions:
+  issues: write
+  pull-requests: write
+
+jobs:
+  stale:
+    uses: ipdxco/unified-github-workflows/.github/workflows/reusable-generated-pr.yml@v1

.github/workflows/go-check.yml

@@ -1,41 +1,18 @@
-# File managed by web3-bot. DO NOT EDIT.
+name: Go Checks
-# See https://github.com/protocol/.github/ for details.
 
-on: [push, pull_request]
+on:
+  pull_request:
+  push:
+    branches: ["master"]
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.event_name }}-${{ github.event_name == 'push' && github.sha || github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
 
 jobs:
-  unit:
+  go-check:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    uses: ipdxco/unified-github-workflows/.github/workflows/go-check.yml@v1.0
-    name: Go checks
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@v2
-        with:
-          go-version: "1.16.x"
-      - name: Install staticcheck
-        run: go install honnef.co/go/tools/cmd/staticcheck@be534f007836a777104a15f2456cd1fffd3ddee8 # v2020.2.2
-      - name: Check that go.mod is tidy
-        run: |
-          go mod tidy
-          if [[ -n $(git ls-files --other --exclude-standard --directory -- go.sum) ]]; then
-            echo "go.sum was added by go mod tidy"
-            exit 1
-          fi
-          git diff --exit-code -- go.sum go.mod
-      - name: gofmt
-        if: ${{ success() || failure() }} # run this step even if the previous one failed
-        run: |
-          out=$(gofmt -s -l .)
-          if [[ -n "$out" ]]; then
-            echo $out | awk '{print "::error file=" $0 ",line=0,col=0::File is not gofmt-ed."}'
-            exit 1
-          fi
-      - name: go vet
-        if: ${{ success() || failure() }} # run this step even if the previous one failed
-        run: go vet ./...
-      - name: staticcheck
-        if: ${{ success() || failure() }} # run this step even if the previous one failed
-        run: |
-          set -o pipefail
-          staticcheck ./... | sed -e 's@\(.*\)\.go@./\1.go@g'
-

.github/workflows/go-test.yml

@@ -1,38 +1,20 @@
-# File managed by web3-bot. DO NOT EDIT.
+name: Go Test
-# See https://github.com/protocol/.github/ for details.
 
-on: [push, pull_request]
+on:
+  pull_request:
+  push:
+    branches: ["master"]
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.event_name }}-${{ github.event_name == 'push' && github.sha || github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
 
 jobs:
-  unit:
+  go-test:
-    strategy:
+    uses: ipdxco/unified-github-workflows/.github/workflows/go-test.yml@v1.0
-      fail-fast: false
+    secrets:
-      matrix:
+      CODECOV_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
-        os: [ "ubuntu", "windows", "macos" ]
-        go: [ "1.15.x", "1.16.x" ]
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}-latest
-    name: Unit tests (${{ matrix.os}}, Go ${{ matrix.go }})
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@v2
-        with:
-          go-version: ${{ matrix.go }}
-      - name: Go information
-        run: |
-          go version
-          go env
-      - name: Run tests
-        run: go test -v -coverprofile coverage.txt ./...
-      - name: Run tests (32 bit)
-        if: ${{ matrix.os != 'macos' }} # can't run 32 bit tests on OSX.
-        env:
-          GOARCH: 386
-        run: go test -v ./...
-      - name: Run tests with race detector
-        if: ${{ matrix.os == 'ubuntu' }} # speed things up. Windows and OSX VMs are slow
-        run: go test -v -race ./...
-      - name: Upload coverage to Codecov
-        uses: codecov/codecov-action@967e2b38a85a62bd61be5529ada27ebc109948c2 # v1.4.1
-        with:
-          file: coverage.txt
-          env_vars: OS=${{ matrix.os }}, GO=${{ matrix.go }}

.github/workflows/release-check.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+name: Release Checker
+
+on:
+  pull_request_target:
+    paths: [ 'version.json' ]
+    types: [ opened, synchronize, reopened, labeled, unlabeled ]
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+permissions:
+  contents: write
+  pull-requests: write
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+jobs:
+  release-check:
+    uses: ipdxco/unified-github-workflows/.github/workflows/release-check.yml@v1.0

.github/workflows/releaser.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+name: Releaser
+
+on:
+  push:
+    paths: [ 'version.json' ]
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+permissions:
+  contents: write
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.sha }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+jobs:
+  releaser:
+    uses: ipdxco/unified-github-workflows/.github/workflows/releaser.yml@v1.0

.github/workflows/stale.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+name: Close Stale Issues
+
+on:
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '0 0 * * *'
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+permissions:
+  issues: write
+  pull-requests: write
+
+jobs:
+  stale:
+    uses: ipdxco/unified-github-workflows/.github/workflows/reusable-stale-issue.yml@v1

.github/workflows/tagpush.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+name: Tag Push Checker
+
+on:
+  push:
+    tags:
+      - v*
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+  issues: write
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+jobs:
+  releaser:
+    uses: ipdxco/unified-github-workflows/.github/workflows/tagpush.yml@v1.0

README.md

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ go-cid
 [![](https://img.shields.io/badge/project-IPFS-blue.svg?style=flat-square)](http://ipfs.io/)
 [![](https://img.shields.io/badge/freenode-%23ipfs-blue.svg?style=flat-square)](http://webchat.freenode.net/?channels=%23ipfs)
 [![](https://img.shields.io/badge/readme%20style-standard-brightgreen.svg?style=flat-square)](https://github.com/RichardLitt/standard-readme)
-[![GoDoc](https://godoc.org/github.com/ipfs/go-cid?status.svg)](https://godoc.org/github.com/ipfs/go-cid)
+[![GoDoc](https://godoc.org/code.sonr.org/go/cid?status.svg)](https://godoc.org/code.sonr.org/go/cid)
 [![Coverage Status](https://coveralls.io/repos/github/ipfs/go-cid/badge.svg?branch=master)](https://coveralls.io/github/ipfs/go-cid?branch=master)
 [![Travis CI](https://travis-ci.org/ipfs/go-cid.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/ipfs/go-cid)
 
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ It is used in `go-ipfs` and related packages to refer to a typed hunk of data.
 `go-cid` is a standard Go module which can be installed with:
 
 ```sh
-go get github.com/ipfs/go-cid
+go get code.sonr.org/go/cid
 ```
 
 ## Usage
@@ -59,10 +59,17 @@ fmt.Println("Got CID: ", c)
 #### Creating a CID from scratch
 
 ```go
+
+import (
+  cid "code.sonr.org/go/cid"
+  mc "github.com/multiformats/go-multicodec"
+  mh "github.com/multiformats/go-multihash"
+)
+
 // Create a cid manually by specifying the 'prefix' parameters
 pref := cid.Prefix{
 	Version: 1,
-	Codec: cid.Raw,
+	Codec: uint64(mc.Raw),
 	MhType: mh.SHA2_256,
 	MhLength: -1, // default length
 }

_rsrch/internal/cidiface/cid.go

@@ -39,7 +39,8 @@ type Cid interface {
 // and the Multihash length. It does not contains
 // any actual content information.
 // NOTE: The use -1 in MhLength to mean default length is deprecated,
-//   use the V0Builder or V1Builder structures instead
+//
+//	use the V0Builder or V1Builder structures instead
 type Prefix struct {
 	Version  uint64
 	Codec    uint64

_rsrch/internal/cidiface/cidBoxingBench_test.go

@@ -12,14 +12,14 @@ import (
 //
 // Sample results on linux amd64 go1.11beta:
 //
-//   BenchmarkCidMap_CidStr-8          100000             16317 ns/op
+//	BenchmarkCidMap_CidStr-8          100000             16317 ns/op
-//   BenchmarkCidMap_CidIface-8        100000             20516 ns/op
+//	BenchmarkCidMap_CidIface-8        100000             20516 ns/op
 //
 // With benchmem on:
 //
-//   BenchmarkCidMap_CidStr-8          100000             15579 ns/op           11223 B/op        207 allocs/op
+//	BenchmarkCidMap_CidStr-8          100000             15579 ns/op           11223 B/op        207 allocs/op
-//   BenchmarkCidMap_CidIface-8        100000             19500 ns/op           12824 B/op        307 allocs/op
+//	BenchmarkCidMap_CidIface-8        100000             19500 ns/op           12824 B/op        307 allocs/op
-//   BenchmarkCidMap_StrPlusHax-8      200000             10451 ns/op            7589 B/op        202 allocs/op
+//	BenchmarkCidMap_StrPlusHax-8      200000             10451 ns/op            7589 B/op        202 allocs/op
 //
 // We can see here that the impact of interface boxing is significant:
 // it increases the time taken to do the inserts to 133%, largely because
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@ import (
 // re-arranges itself, it involves more or less an O(n) copy of the content
 // in addition to the alloc itself).  This isn't topical to the question of
 // whether or not interfaces are a good idea; just for contextualizing.
-//
 func BenchmarkCidMap_CidStr(b *testing.B) {
 	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
 		mp := map[CidStr]int{}

_rsrch/internal/cidiface/cidString.go

@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ func NewCidStr(version uint64, codecType uint64, mhash mh.Multihash) CidStr {
 //
 // For CidV1, the data buffer is in the form:
 //
-//     <version><codec-type><multihash>
+//	<version><codec-type><multihash>
 //
 // CidV0 are also supported. In particular, data buffers starting
 // with length 34 bytes, which starts with bytes [18,32...] are considered

_rsrch/internal/cidiface/cidStruct.go

@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ func (c CidStruct) Prefix() Prefix {
 //
 // For CidV1, the data buffer is in the form:
 //
-//     <version><codec-type><multihash>
+//	<version><codec-type><multihash>
 //
 // CidV0 are also supported. In particular, data buffers starting
 // with length 34 bytes, which starts with bytes [18,32...] are considered

benchmark_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+package cid_test
+
+import (
+	"math/rand"
+	"testing"
+
+	"code.sonr.org/go/cid"
+	"github.com/multiformats/go-multihash"
+)
+
+// BenchmarkIdentityCheck benchmarks two ways of checking whether a CIDv1 has multihash.IDENTITY
+// code:
+//  1. Cid.Prefix(), and
+//  2. decoding the Cid.Hash().
+//
+// This benchmark illustrates that using Cid.Prefix is more efficient than multihash.Decode.
+// Users wishing to perform such a check should use Cid.Prefix.
+//
+// Consider that `Cid.Prefix` is already efficient enough and introducing a dedicated API for
+// performing this check will likely result in small gains.
+func BenchmarkIdentityCheck(b *testing.B) {
+	rng := rand.New(rand.NewSource(1413))
+
+	data := make([]byte, rng.Intn(100)+1024)
+	if _, err := rng.Read(data); err != nil {
+		b.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	mh, err := multihash.Sum(data, multihash.IDENTITY, -1)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	cv1 := cid.NewCidV1(cid.Raw, mh)
+
+	b.SetBytes(int64(cv1.ByteLen()))
+	b.ReportAllocs()
+	b.ResetTimer()
+
+	b.Run("Prefix", func(b *testing.B) {
+		b.RunParallel(func(pb *testing.PB) {
+			for pb.Next() {
+				if cv1.Prefix().MhType != multihash.IDENTITY {
+					b.Fatal("expected IDENTITY CID")
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	})
+
+	b.Run("MultihashDecode", func(b *testing.B) {
+		b.RunParallel(func(pb *testing.PB) {
+			for pb.Next() {
+				dmh, err := multihash.Decode(cv1.Hash())
+				if err != nil {
+					b.Fatal(err)
+				}
+				if dmh.Code != multihash.IDENTITY {
+					b.Fatal("expected IDENTITY CID")
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	})
+}

cid.go

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 //
 // A CIDv1 has four parts:
 //
-//     <cidv1> ::= <multibase-prefix><cid-version><multicodec-packed-content-type><multihash-content-address>
+//	<cidv1> ::= <multibase-prefix><cid-version><multicodec-packed-content-type><multihash-content-address>
 //
 // As shown above, the CID implementation relies heavily on Multiformats,
 // particularly Multibase
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ package cid
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"encoding"
+	"encoding/binary"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
@@ -36,29 +37,53 @@ import (
 // UnsupportedVersionString just holds an error message
 const UnsupportedVersionString = "<unsupported cid version>"
 
+// ErrInvalidCid is an error that indicates that a CID is invalid.
+type ErrInvalidCid struct {
+	Err error
+}
+
+func (e ErrInvalidCid) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("invalid cid: %s", e.Err)
+}
+
+func (e ErrInvalidCid) Unwrap() error {
+	return e.Err
+}
+
+func (e ErrInvalidCid) Is(err error) bool {
+	switch err.(type) {
+	case ErrInvalidCid, *ErrInvalidCid:
+		return true
+	default:
+		return false
+	}
+}
+
 var (
 	// ErrCidTooShort means that the cid passed to decode was not long
 	// enough to be a valid Cid
-	ErrCidTooShort = errors.New("cid too short")
+	ErrCidTooShort = ErrInvalidCid{errors.New("cid too short")}
 
 	// ErrInvalidEncoding means that selected encoding is not supported
 	// by this Cid version
 	ErrInvalidEncoding = errors.New("invalid base encoding")
 )
 
-// These are multicodec-packed content types. The should match
+// Consts below are DEPRECATED and left only for legacy reasons:
-// the codes described in the authoritative document:
+// <https://code.sonr.org/go/cid/pull/137>
-// https://github.com/multiformats/multicodec/blob/master/table.csv
+// Modern code should use consts from go-multicodec instead:
+// <https://github.com/multiformats/go-multicodec>
 const (
-	Raw = 0x55
+	// common ones
+	Raw         = 0x55
+	DagProtobuf = 0x70   // https://ipld.io/docs/codecs/known/dag-pb/
+	DagCBOR     = 0x71   // https://ipld.io/docs/codecs/known/dag-cbor/
+	DagJSON     = 0x0129 // https://ipld.io/docs/codecs/known/dag-json/
+	Libp2pKey   = 0x72   // https://github.com/libp2p/specs/blob/master/peer-ids/peer-ids.md#peer-ids
 
-	DagProtobuf = 0x70
+	// other
-	DagCBOR     = 0x71
+	GitRaw                = 0x78
-	Libp2pKey   = 0x72
+	DagJOSE               = 0x85 // https://ipld.io/specs/codecs/dag-jose/spec/
-
-	GitRaw = 0x78
-
-	DagJOSE               = 0x85
 	EthBlock              = 0x90
 	EthBlockList          = 0x91
 	EthTxTrie             = 0x92
@@ -80,64 +105,6 @@ const (
 	FilCommitmentSealed   = 0xf102
 )
 
-// Codecs maps the name of a codec to its type
-var Codecs = map[string]uint64{
-	"v0":                      DagProtobuf,
-	"raw":                     Raw,
-	"protobuf":                DagProtobuf,
-	"cbor":                    DagCBOR,
-	"libp2p-key":              Libp2pKey,
-	"git-raw":                 GitRaw,
-	"eth-block":               EthBlock,
-	"eth-block-list":          EthBlockList,
-	"eth-tx-trie":             EthTxTrie,
-	"eth-tx":                  EthTx,
-	"eth-tx-receipt-trie":     EthTxReceiptTrie,
-	"eth-tx-receipt":          EthTxReceipt,
-	"eth-state-trie":          EthStateTrie,
-	"eth-account-snapshot":    EthAccountSnapshot,
-	"eth-storage-trie":        EthStorageTrie,
-	"bitcoin-block":           BitcoinBlock,
-	"bitcoin-tx":              BitcoinTx,
-	"zcash-block":             ZcashBlock,
-	"zcash-tx":                ZcashTx,
-	"decred-block":            DecredBlock,
-	"decred-tx":               DecredTx,
-	"dash-block":              DashBlock,
-	"dash-tx":                 DashTx,
-	"fil-commitment-unsealed": FilCommitmentUnsealed,
-	"fil-commitment-sealed":   FilCommitmentSealed,
-	"dag-jose":                DagJOSE,
-}
-
-// CodecToStr maps the numeric codec to its name
-var CodecToStr = map[uint64]string{
-	Raw:                   "raw",
-	DagProtobuf:           "protobuf",
-	DagCBOR:               "cbor",
-	GitRaw:                "git-raw",
-	EthBlock:              "eth-block",
-	EthBlockList:          "eth-block-list",
-	EthTxTrie:             "eth-tx-trie",
-	EthTx:                 "eth-tx",
-	EthTxReceiptTrie:      "eth-tx-receipt-trie",
-	EthTxReceipt:          "eth-tx-receipt",
-	EthStateTrie:          "eth-state-trie",
-	EthAccountSnapshot:    "eth-account-snapshot",
-	EthStorageTrie:        "eth-storage-trie",
-	BitcoinBlock:          "bitcoin-block",
-	BitcoinTx:             "bitcoin-tx",
-	ZcashBlock:            "zcash-block",
-	ZcashTx:               "zcash-tx",
-	DecredBlock:           "decred-block",
-	DecredTx:              "decred-tx",
-	DashBlock:             "dash-block",
-	DashTx:                "dash-tx",
-	FilCommitmentUnsealed: "fil-commitment-unsealed",
-	FilCommitmentSealed:   "fil-commitment-sealed",
-	DagJOSE:               "dag-jose",
-}
-
 // tryNewCidV0 tries to convert a multihash into a CIDv0 CID and returns an
 // error on failure.
 func tryNewCidV0(mhash mh.Multihash) (Cid, error) {
@@ -145,10 +112,10 @@ func tryNewCidV0(mhash mh.Multihash) (Cid, error) {
 	// incorrectly detect it as CidV1 in the Version() method
 	dec, err := mh.Decode(mhash)
 	if err != nil {
-		return Undef, err
+		return Undef, ErrInvalidCid{err}
 	}
 	if dec.Code != mh.SHA2_256 || dec.Length != 32 {
-		return Undef, fmt.Errorf("invalid hash for cidv0 %d-%d", dec.Code, dec.Length)
+		return Undef, ErrInvalidCid{fmt.Errorf("invalid hash for cidv0 %d-%d", dec.Code, dec.Length)}
 	}
 	return Cid{string(mhash)}, nil
 }
@@ -173,16 +140,24 @@ func NewCidV0(mhash mh.Multihash) Cid {
 // Panics if the multihash is invalid.
 func NewCidV1(codecType uint64, mhash mh.Multihash) Cid {
 	hashlen := len(mhash)
-	// two 8 bytes (max) numbers plus hash
+
-	buf := make([]byte, 1+varint.UvarintSize(codecType)+hashlen)
+	// Two 8 bytes (max) numbers plus hash.
-	n := varint.PutUvarint(buf, 1)
+	// We use strings.Builder to only allocate once.
-	n += varint.PutUvarint(buf[n:], codecType)
+	var b strings.Builder
-	cn := copy(buf[n:], mhash)
+	b.Grow(1 + varint.UvarintSize(codecType) + hashlen)
+
+	b.WriteByte(1)
+
+	var buf [binary.MaxVarintLen64]byte
+	n := varint.PutUvarint(buf[:], codecType)
+	b.Write(buf[:n])
+
+	cn, _ := b.Write(mhash)
 	if cn != hashlen {
 		panic("copy hash length is inconsistent")
 	}
 
-	return Cid{string(buf[:n+hashlen])}
+	return Cid{b.String()}
 }
 
 var (
@@ -224,14 +199,23 @@ func Parse(v interface{}) (Cid, error) {
 	case Cid:
 		return v2, nil
 	default:
-		return Undef, fmt.Errorf("can't parse %+v as Cid", v2)
+		return Undef, ErrInvalidCid{fmt.Errorf("can't parse %+v as Cid", v2)}
 	}
 }
 
+// MustParse calls Parse but will panic on error.
+func MustParse(v interface{}) Cid {
+	c, err := Parse(v)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	return c
+}
+
 // Decode parses a Cid-encoded string and returns a Cid object.
 // For CidV1, a Cid-encoded string is primarily a multibase string:
 //
-//     <multibase-type-code><base-encoded-string>
+//	<multibase-type-code><base-encoded-string>
 //
 // The base-encoded string represents a:
 //
@@ -248,7 +232,7 @@ func Decode(v string) (Cid, error) {
 	if len(v) == 46 && v[:2] == "Qm" {
 		hash, err := mh.FromB58String(v)
 		if err != nil {
-			return Undef, err
+			return Undef, ErrInvalidCid{err}
 		}
 
 		return tryNewCidV0(hash)
@@ -256,7 +240,7 @@ func Decode(v string) (Cid, error) {
 
 	_, data, err := mbase.Decode(v)
 	if err != nil {
-		return Undef, err
+		return Undef, ErrInvalidCid{err}
 	}
 
 	return Cast(data)
@@ -278,7 +262,7 @@ func ExtractEncoding(v string) (mbase.Encoding, error) {
 	// check encoding is valid
 	_, err := mbase.NewEncoder(encoding)
 	if err != nil {
-		return -1, err
+		return -1, ErrInvalidCid{err}
 	}
 
 	return encoding, nil
@@ -287,7 +271,7 @@ func ExtractEncoding(v string) (mbase.Encoding, error) {
 // Cast takes a Cid data slice, parses it and returns a Cid.
 // For CidV1, the data buffer is in the form:
 //
-//     <version><codec-type><multihash>
+//	<version><codec-type><multihash>
 //
 // CidV0 are also supported. In particular, data buffers starting
 // with length 34 bytes, which starts with bytes [18,32...] are considered
@@ -298,11 +282,11 @@ func ExtractEncoding(v string) (mbase.Encoding, error) {
 func Cast(data []byte) (Cid, error) {
 	nr, c, err := CidFromBytes(data)
 	if err != nil {
-		return Undef, err
+		return Undef, ErrInvalidCid{err}
 	}
 
 	if nr != len(data) {
-		return Undef, fmt.Errorf("trailing bytes in data buffer passed to cid Cast")
+		return Undef, ErrInvalidCid{fmt.Errorf("trailing bytes in data buffer passed to cid Cast")}
 	}
 
 	return c, nil
@@ -416,7 +400,13 @@ func (c Cid) Hash() mh.Multihash {
 // Bytes returns the byte representation of a Cid.
 // The output of bytes can be parsed back into a Cid
 // with Cast().
+//
+// If c.Defined() == false, it return a nil slice and may not
+// be parsable with Cast().
 func (c Cid) Bytes() []byte {
+	if !c.Defined() {
+		return nil
+	}
 	return []byte(c.str)
 }
 
@@ -466,7 +456,7 @@ func (c Cid) Equals(o Cid) bool {
 // UnmarshalJSON parses the JSON representation of a Cid.
 func (c *Cid) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
 	if len(b) < 2 {
-		return fmt.Errorf("invalid cid json blob")
+		return ErrInvalidCid{fmt.Errorf("invalid cid json blob")}
 	}
 	obj := struct {
 		CidTarget string `json:"/"`
@@ -474,7 +464,7 @@ func (c *Cid) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
 	objptr := &obj
 	err := json.Unmarshal(b, &objptr)
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return ErrInvalidCid{err}
 	}
 	if objptr == nil {
 		*c = Cid{}
@@ -482,12 +472,12 @@ func (c *Cid) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
 	}
 
 	if obj.CidTarget == "" {
-		return fmt.Errorf("cid was incorrectly formatted")
+		return ErrInvalidCid{fmt.Errorf("cid was incorrectly formatted")}
 	}
 
 	out, err := Decode(obj.CidTarget)
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return ErrInvalidCid{err}
 	}
 
 	*c = out
@@ -497,7 +487,7 @@ func (c *Cid) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
 
 // MarshalJSON procudes a JSON representation of a Cid, which looks as follows:
 //
-//    { "/": "<cid-string>" }
+//	{ "/": "<cid-string>" }
 //
 // Note that this formatting comes from the IPLD specification
 // (https://github.com/ipld/specs/tree/master/ipld)
@@ -554,7 +544,8 @@ func (c Cid) Prefix() Prefix {
 // and the Multihash length. It does not contains
 // any actual content information.
 // NOTE: The use -1 in MhLength to mean default length is deprecated,
-//   use the V0Builder or V1Builder structures instead
+//
+//	use the V0Builder or V1Builder structures instead
 type Prefix struct {
 	Version  uint64
 	Codec    uint64
@@ -573,12 +564,12 @@ func (p Prefix) Sum(data []byte) (Cid, error) {
 	if p.Version == 0 && (p.MhType != mh.SHA2_256 ||
 		(p.MhLength != 32 && p.MhLength != -1)) {
 
-		return Undef, fmt.Errorf("invalid v0 prefix")
+		return Undef, ErrInvalidCid{fmt.Errorf("invalid v0 prefix")}
 	}
 
 	hash, err := mh.Sum(data, p.MhType, length)
 	if err != nil {
-		return Undef, err
+		return Undef, ErrInvalidCid{err}
 	}
 
 	switch p.Version {
@@ -587,13 +578,13 @@ func (p Prefix) Sum(data []byte) (Cid, error) {
 	case 1:
 		return NewCidV1(p.Codec, hash), nil
 	default:
-		return Undef, fmt.Errorf("invalid cid version")
+		return Undef, ErrInvalidCid{fmt.Errorf("invalid cid version")}
 	}
 }
 
 // Bytes returns a byte representation of a Prefix. It looks like:
 //
-//     <version><codec><mh-type><mh-length>
+//	<version><codec><mh-type><mh-length>
 func (p Prefix) Bytes() []byte {
 	size := varint.UvarintSize(p.Version)
 	size += varint.UvarintSize(p.Codec)
@@ -617,22 +608,22 @@ func PrefixFromBytes(buf []byte) (Prefix, error) {
 	r := bytes.NewReader(buf)
 	vers, err := varint.ReadUvarint(r)
 	if err != nil {
-		return Prefix{}, err
+		return Prefix{}, ErrInvalidCid{err}
 	}
 
 	codec, err := varint.ReadUvarint(r)
 	if err != nil {
-		return Prefix{}, err
+		return Prefix{}, ErrInvalidCid{err}
 	}
 
 	mhtype, err := varint.ReadUvarint(r)
 	if err != nil {
-		return Prefix{}, err
+		return Prefix{}, ErrInvalidCid{err}
 	}
 
 	mhlen, err := varint.ReadUvarint(r)
 	if err != nil {
-		return Prefix{}, err
+		return Prefix{}, ErrInvalidCid{err}
 	}
 
 	return Prefix{
@@ -646,12 +637,12 @@ func PrefixFromBytes(buf []byte) (Prefix, error) {
 func CidFromBytes(data []byte) (int, Cid, error) {
 	if len(data) > 2 && data[0] == mh.SHA2_256 && data[1] == 32 {
 		if len(data) < 34 {
-			return 0, Undef, fmt.Errorf("not enough bytes for cid v0")
+			return 0, Undef, ErrInvalidCid{fmt.Errorf("not enough bytes for cid v0")}
 		}
 
 		h, err := mh.Cast(data[:34])
 		if err != nil {
-			return 0, Undef, err
+			return 0, Undef, ErrInvalidCid{err}
 		}
 
 		return 34, Cid{string(h)}, nil
@@ -659,24 +650,168 @@ func CidFromBytes(data []byte) (int, Cid, error) {
 
 	vers, n, err := varint.FromUvarint(data)
 	if err != nil {
-		return 0, Undef, err
+		return 0, Undef, ErrInvalidCid{err}
 	}
 
 	if vers != 1 {
-		return 0, Undef, fmt.Errorf("expected 1 as the cid version number, got: %d", vers)
+		return 0, Undef, ErrInvalidCid{fmt.Errorf("expected 1 as the cid version number, got: %d", vers)}
 	}
 
 	_, cn, err := varint.FromUvarint(data[n:])
 	if err != nil {
-		return 0, Undef, err
+		return 0, Undef, ErrInvalidCid{err}
 	}
 
 	mhnr, _, err := mh.MHFromBytes(data[n+cn:])
 	if err != nil {
-		return 0, Undef, err
+		return 0, Undef, ErrInvalidCid{err}
 	}
 
 	l := n + cn + mhnr
 
 	return l, Cid{string(data[0:l])}, nil
 }
+
+func toBufByteReader(r io.Reader, dst []byte) *bufByteReader {
+	// If the reader already implements ByteReader, use it directly.
+	// Otherwise, use a fallback that does 1-byte Reads.
+	if br, ok := r.(io.ByteReader); ok {
+		return &bufByteReader{direct: br, dst: dst}
+	}
+	return &bufByteReader{fallback: r, dst: dst}
+}
+
+type bufByteReader struct {
+	direct   io.ByteReader
+	fallback io.Reader
+
+	dst []byte
+}
+
+func (r *bufByteReader) ReadByte() (byte, error) {
+	// The underlying reader has ReadByte; use it.
+	if br := r.direct; br != nil {
+		b, err := br.ReadByte()
+		if err != nil {
+			return 0, err
+		}
+		r.dst = append(r.dst, b)
+		return b, nil
+	}
+
+	// Fall back to a one-byte Read.
+	// TODO: consider reading straight into dst,
+	// once we have benchmarks and if they prove that to be faster.
+	var p [1]byte
+	if _, err := io.ReadFull(r.fallback, p[:]); err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	r.dst = append(r.dst, p[0])
+	return p[0], nil
+}
+
+// CidFromReader reads a precise number of bytes for a CID from a given reader.
+// It returns the number of bytes read, the CID, and any error encountered.
+// The number of bytes read is accurate even if a non-nil error is returned.
+//
+// It's recommended to supply a reader that buffers and implements io.ByteReader,
+// as CidFromReader has to do many single-byte reads to decode varints.
+// If the argument only implements io.Reader, single-byte Read calls are used instead.
+//
+// If the Reader is found to yield zero bytes, an io.EOF error is returned directly, in all
+// other error cases, an ErrInvalidCid, wrapping the original error, is returned.
+func CidFromReader(r io.Reader) (int, Cid, error) {
+	// 64 bytes is enough for any CIDv0,
+	// and it's enough for most CIDv1s in practice.
+	// If the digest is too long, we'll allocate more.
+	br := toBufByteReader(r, make([]byte, 0, 64))
+
+	// We read the first varint, to tell if this is a CIDv0 or a CIDv1.
+	// The varint package wants a io.ByteReader, so we must wrap our io.Reader.
+	vers, err := varint.ReadUvarint(br)
+	if err != nil {
+		if err == io.EOF {
+			// First-byte read in ReadUvarint errors with io.EOF, so reader has no data.
+			// Subsequent reads with an EOF will return io.ErrUnexpectedEOF and be wrapped here.
+			return 0, Undef, err
+		}
+		return len(br.dst), Undef, ErrInvalidCid{err}
+	}
+
+	// If we have a CIDv0, read the rest of the bytes and cast the buffer.
+	if vers == mh.SHA2_256 {
+		if n, err := io.ReadFull(r, br.dst[1:34]); err != nil {
+			return len(br.dst) + n, Undef, ErrInvalidCid{err}
+		}
+
+		br.dst = br.dst[:34]
+		h, err := mh.Cast(br.dst)
+		if err != nil {
+			return len(br.dst), Undef, ErrInvalidCid{err}
+		}
+
+		return len(br.dst), Cid{string(h)}, nil
+	}
+
+	if vers != 1 {
+		return len(br.dst), Undef, ErrInvalidCid{fmt.Errorf("expected 1 as the cid version number, got: %d", vers)}
+	}
+
+	// CID block encoding multicodec.
+	_, err = varint.ReadUvarint(br)
+	if err != nil {
+		return len(br.dst), Undef, ErrInvalidCid{err}
+	}
+
+	// We could replace most of the code below with go-multihash's ReadMultihash.
+	// Note that it would save code, but prevent reusing buffers.
+	// Plus, we already have a ByteReader now.
+	mhStart := len(br.dst)
+
+	// Multihash hash function code.
+	_, err = varint.ReadUvarint(br)
+	if err != nil {
+		return len(br.dst), Undef, ErrInvalidCid{err}
+	}
+
+	// Multihash digest length.
+	mhl, err := varint.ReadUvarint(br)
+	if err != nil {
+		return len(br.dst), Undef, ErrInvalidCid{err}
+	}
+
+	// Refuse to make large allocations to prevent OOMs due to bugs.
+	const maxDigestAlloc = 32 << 20 // 32MiB
+	if mhl > maxDigestAlloc {
+		return len(br.dst), Undef, ErrInvalidCid{fmt.Errorf("refusing to allocate %d bytes for a digest", mhl)}
+	}
+
+	// Fine to convert mhl to int, given maxDigestAlloc.
+	prefixLength := len(br.dst)
+	cidLength := prefixLength + int(mhl)
+	if cidLength > cap(br.dst) {
+		// If the multihash digest doesn't fit in our initial 64 bytes,
+		// efficiently extend the slice via append+make.
+		br.dst = append(br.dst, make([]byte, cidLength-len(br.dst))...)
+	} else {
+		// The multihash digest fits inside our buffer,
+		// so just extend its capacity.
+		br.dst = br.dst[:cidLength]
+	}
+
+	if n, err := io.ReadFull(r, br.dst[prefixLength:cidLength]); err != nil {
+		// We can't use len(br.dst) here,
+		// as we've only read n bytes past prefixLength.
+		return prefixLength + n, Undef, ErrInvalidCid{err}
+	}
+
+	// This simply ensures the multihash is valid.
+	// TODO: consider removing this bit, as it's probably redundant;
+	// for now, it helps ensure consistency with CidFromBytes.
+	_, _, err = mh.MHFromBytes(br.dst[mhStart:])
+	if err != nil {
+		return len(br.dst), Undef, ErrInvalidCid{err}
+	}
+
+	return len(br.dst), Cid{string(br.dst)}, nil
+}

cid_fuzz.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// +build gofuzz
+//go:build gofuzz
 
 package cid
 

cid_test.go

@@ -2,48 +2,21 @@ package cid
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
+	crand "crypto/rand"
 	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"io"
 	"math/rand"
 	"reflect"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
+	"testing/iotest"
 
 	mbase "github.com/multiformats/go-multibase"
 	mh "github.com/multiformats/go-multihash"
 )
 
-// Copying the "silly test" idea from
-// https://github.com/multiformats/go-multihash/blob/7aa9f26a231c6f34f4e9fad52bf580fd36627285/multihash_test.go#L13
-// Makes it so changing the table accidentally has to happen twice.
-var tCodecs = map[uint64]string{
-	Raw:                   "raw",
-	DagProtobuf:           "protobuf",
-	DagCBOR:               "cbor",
-	Libp2pKey:             "libp2p-key",
-	GitRaw:                "git-raw",
-	EthBlock:              "eth-block",
-	EthBlockList:          "eth-block-list",
-	EthTxTrie:             "eth-tx-trie",
-	EthTx:                 "eth-tx",
-	EthTxReceiptTrie:      "eth-tx-receipt-trie",
-	EthTxReceipt:          "eth-tx-receipt",
-	EthStateTrie:          "eth-state-trie",
-	EthAccountSnapshot:    "eth-account-snapshot",
-	EthStorageTrie:        "eth-storage-trie",
-	BitcoinBlock:          "bitcoin-block",
-	BitcoinTx:             "bitcoin-tx",
-	ZcashBlock:            "zcash-block",
-	ZcashTx:               "zcash-tx",
-	DecredBlock:           "decred-block",
-	DecredTx:              "decred-tx",
-	DashBlock:             "dash-block",
-	DashTx:                "dash-tx",
-	FilCommitmentUnsealed: "fil-commitment-unsealed",
-	FilCommitmentSealed:   "fil-commitment-sealed",
-	DagJOSE:               "dag-jose",
-}
-
 func assertEqual(t *testing.T, a, b Cid) {
 	if a.Type() != b.Type() {
 		t.Fatal("mismatch on type")
@@ -58,29 +31,9 @@ func assertEqual(t *testing.T, a, b Cid) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestTable(t *testing.T) {
-	if len(tCodecs) != len(Codecs)-1 {
-		t.Errorf("Item count mismatch in the Table of Codec. Should be %d, got %d", len(tCodecs)+1, len(Codecs))
-	}
-
-	for k, v := range tCodecs {
-		if Codecs[v] != k {
-			t.Errorf("Table mismatch: 0x%x %s", k, v)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// The table returns cid.DagProtobuf for "v0"
-// so we test it apart
-func TestTableForV0(t *testing.T) {
-	if Codecs["v0"] != DagProtobuf {
-		t.Error("Table mismatch: Codecs[\"v0\"] should resolve to DagProtobuf (0x70)")
-	}
-}
-
 func TestPrefixSum(t *testing.T) {
 	// Test creating CIDs both manually and with Prefix.
-	// Tests: https://github.com/ipfs/go-cid/issues/83
+	// Tests: https://code.sonr.org/go/cid/issues/83
 	for _, hashfun := range []uint64{
 		mh.IDENTITY, mh.SHA3, mh.SHA2_256,
 	} {
@@ -210,6 +163,9 @@ func TestBasesMarshaling(t *testing.T) {
 	if err == nil {
 		t.Fatal("expected too-short error from ExtractEncoding")
 	}
+	if !errors.Is(err, ErrInvalidCid{}) {
+		t.Fatal("expected error to be ErrInvalidCid")
+	}
 	if ee != -1 {
 		t.Fatal("expected -1 from too-short ExtractEncoding")
 	}
@@ -275,6 +231,9 @@ func TestEmptyString(t *testing.T) {
 	if err == nil {
 		t.Fatal("shouldnt be able to parse an empty cid")
 	}
+	if !errors.Is(err, ErrInvalidCid{}) {
+		t.Fatal("error must be ErrInvalidCid")
+	}
 }
 
 func TestV0Handling(t *testing.T) {
@@ -330,6 +289,9 @@ func TestV0ErrorCases(t *testing.T) {
 	if err == nil {
 		t.Fatal("should have failed to decode that ref")
 	}
+	if !errors.Is(err, ErrInvalidCid{}) {
+		t.Fatal("error must be ErrInvalidCid")
+	}
 }
 
 func TestNewPrefixV1(t *testing.T) {
@@ -420,6 +382,9 @@ func TestInvalidV0Prefix(t *testing.T) {
 		if err == nil {
 			t.Fatalf("should error (index %d)", i)
 		}
+		if !errors.Is(err, ErrInvalidCid{}) {
+			t.Fatal("expected error to be ErrInvalidCid")
+		}
 	}
 }
 
@@ -429,6 +394,9 @@ func TestBadPrefix(t *testing.T) {
 	if err == nil {
 		t.Fatalf("expected error on v3 prefix Sum")
 	}
+	if !errors.Is(err, ErrInvalidCid{}) {
+		t.Fatal("expected error to be ErrInvalidCid")
+	}
 }
 
 func TestPrefixRoundtrip(t *testing.T) {
@@ -465,18 +433,30 @@ func TestBadPrefixFromBytes(t *testing.T) {
 	if err == nil {
 		t.Fatal("expected error for bad byte 0")
 	}
+	if !errors.Is(err, ErrInvalidCid{}) {
+		t.Fatal("expected error to be ErrInvalidCid")
+	}
 	_, err = PrefixFromBytes([]byte{0x01, 0x80})
 	if err == nil {
 		t.Fatal("expected error for bad byte 1")
 	}
+	if !errors.Is(err, ErrInvalidCid{}) {
+		t.Fatal("expected error to be ErrInvalidCid")
+	}
 	_, err = PrefixFromBytes([]byte{0x01, 0x01, 0x80})
 	if err == nil {
 		t.Fatal("expected error for bad byte 2")
 	}
+	if !errors.Is(err, ErrInvalidCid{}) {
+		t.Fatal("expected error to be ErrInvalidCid")
+	}
 	_, err = PrefixFromBytes([]byte{0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x80})
 	if err == nil {
 		t.Fatal("expected error for bad byte 3")
 	}
+	if !errors.Is(err, ErrInvalidCid{}) {
+		t.Fatal("expected error to be ErrInvalidCid")
+	}
 }
 
 func Test16BytesVarint(t *testing.T) {
@@ -490,7 +470,7 @@ func TestFuzzCid(t *testing.T) {
 	buf := make([]byte, 128)
 	for i := 0; i < 200; i++ {
 		s := rand.Intn(128)
-		rand.Read(buf[:s])
+		crand.Read(buf[:s])
 		_, _ = Cast(buf[:s])
 	}
 }
@@ -503,6 +483,9 @@ func TestParse(t *testing.T) {
 	if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "can't parse 123 as Cid") {
 		t.Fatalf("expected int error, got %s", err.Error())
 	}
+	if !errors.Is(err, ErrInvalidCid{}) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected ErrInvalidCid, got %s", err.Error())
+	}
 
 	theHash := "QmdfTbBqBPQ7VNxZEYEj14VmRuZBkqFbiwReogJgS1zR1n"
 	h, err := mh.FromB58String(theHash)
@@ -620,17 +603,29 @@ func TestJsonRoundTrip(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal("cids not equal for Cid")
 	}
 
-	if err = actual2.UnmarshalJSON([]byte("1")); err == nil {
+	err = actual2.UnmarshalJSON([]byte("1"))
+	if err == nil {
 		t.Fatal("expected error for too-short JSON")
 	}
-
+	if !errors.Is(err, ErrInvalidCid{}) {
-	if err = actual2.UnmarshalJSON([]byte(`{"nope":"nope"}`)); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected error to be ErrInvalidCid")
-		t.Fatal("expected error for bad CID JSON")
 	}
 
-	if err = actual2.UnmarshalJSON([]byte(`bad "" json!`)); err == nil {
+	err = actual2.UnmarshalJSON([]byte(`{"nope":"nope"}`))
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected error for bad CID JSON")
+	}
+	if !errors.Is(err, ErrInvalidCid{}) {
+		t.Fatal("expected error to be ErrInvalidCid")
+	}
+
+	err = actual2.UnmarshalJSON([]byte(`bad "" json!`))
+	if err == nil {
 		t.Fatal("expected error for bad JSON")
 	}
+	if !errors.Is(err, ErrInvalidCid{}) {
+		t.Fatal("expected error to be ErrInvalidCid")
+	}
 
 	var actual3 Cid
 	enc, err = actual3.MarshalJSON()
@@ -665,6 +660,7 @@ func TestReadCidsFromBuffer(t *testing.T) {
 		"k2cwueckqkibutvhkr4p2ln2pjcaxaakpd9db0e7j7ax1lxhhxy3ekpv",
 		"Qmf5Qzp6nGBku7CEn2UQx4mgN8TW69YUok36DrGa6NN893",
 		"zb2rhZi1JR4eNc2jBGaRYJKYM8JEB4ovenym8L1CmFsRAytkz",
+		"bafkqarjpmzuwyzltorxxezjpkvcfgqkfjfbfcvslivje2vchkzdu6rckjjcfgtkolaze6mssjqzeyn2ekrcfatkjku2vowseky3fswkfkm2deqkrju3e2",
 	}
 
 	var cids []Cid
@@ -692,51 +688,122 @@ func TestReadCidsFromBuffer(t *testing.T) {
 	if cur != len(buf) {
 		t.Fatal("had trailing bytes")
 	}
+
+	// The same, but now with CidFromReader.
+	// In multiple forms, to catch more io interface bugs.
+	for _, r := range []io.Reader{
+		// implements io.ByteReader
+		bytes.NewReader(buf),
+
+		// tiny reads, no io.ByteReader
+		iotest.OneByteReader(bytes.NewReader(buf)),
+	} {
+		cur = 0
+		for _, expc := range cids {
+			n, c, err := CidFromReader(r)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			if c != expc {
+				t.Fatal("cids mismatched")
+			}
+			cur += n
+		}
+		if cur != len(buf) {
+			t.Fatal("had trailing bytes")
+		}
+	}
 }
 
-func TestBadCidFromBytes(t *testing.T) {
+func TestBadCidInput(t *testing.T) {
-	l, c, err := CidFromBytes([]byte{mh.SHA2_256, 32, 0x00})
+	for _, name := range []string{
-	if err == nil {
+		"FromBytes",
-		t.Fatal("expected not-enough-bytes for V0 CidFromBytes")
+		"FromReader",
+	} {
+		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			usingReader := name == "FromReader"
+
+			fromBytes := CidFromBytes
+			if usingReader {
+				fromBytes = func(data []byte) (int, Cid, error) {
+					return CidFromReader(bytes.NewReader(data))
+				}
+			}
+
+			l, c, err := fromBytes([]byte{mh.SHA2_256, 32, 0x00})
+			if err == nil {
+				t.Fatal("expected not-enough-bytes for V0 CID")
+			}
+			if !usingReader && l != 0 {
+				t.Fatal("expected length==0 from bad CID")
+			} else if usingReader && l == 0 {
+				t.Fatal("expected length!=0 from bad CID")
+			}
+			if c != Undef {
+				t.Fatal("expected Undef CID from bad CID")
+			}
+
+			c, err = Decode("bafkreie5qrjvaw64n4tjm6hbnm7fnqvcssfed4whsjqxzslbd3jwhsk3mm")
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			byts := make([]byte, c.ByteLen())
+			copy(byts, c.Bytes())
+			byts[1] = 0x80 // bad codec varint
+			byts[2] = 0x00
+			l, c, err = fromBytes(byts)
+			if err == nil {
+				t.Fatal("expected not-enough-bytes for V1 CID")
+			}
+			if !usingReader && l != 0 {
+				t.Fatal("expected length==0 from bad CID")
+			} else if usingReader && l == 0 {
+				t.Fatal("expected length!=0 from bad CID")
+			}
+			if c != Undef {
+				t.Fatal("expected Undef CID from bad CID")
+			}
+
+			copy(byts, c.Bytes())
+			byts[2] = 0x80 // bad multihash varint
+			byts[3] = 0x00
+			l, c, err = fromBytes(byts)
+			if err == nil {
+				t.Fatal("expected not-enough-bytes for V1 CID")
+			}
+			if !usingReader && l != 0 {
+				t.Fatal("expected length==0 from bad CID")
+			} else if usingReader && l == 0 {
+				t.Fatal("expected length!=0 from bad CID")
+			}
+			if c != Undef {
+				t.Fatal("expected Undef CID from bad CidFromBytes")
+			}
+		})
 	}
-	if l != 0 {
+}
-		t.Fatal("expected length=0 from bad CidFromBytes")
+
+func TestFromReaderNoData(t *testing.T) {
+	// Reading no data from io.Reader should return io.EOF, not ErrInvalidCid.
+	n, cid, err := CidFromReader(bytes.NewReader(nil))
+	if err != io.EOF {
+		t.Fatal("Expected io.EOF error")
 	}
-	if c != Undef {
+	if cid != Undef {
-		t.Fatal("expected Undef CID from bad CidFromBytes")
+		t.Fatal("Expected Undef CID")
+	}
+	if n != 0 {
+		t.Fatal("Expected 0 data")
 	}
 
-	c, err = Decode("bafkreie5qrjvaw64n4tjm6hbnm7fnqvcssfed4whsjqxzslbd3jwhsk3mm")
+	// Read byte indicatiing more data to and check error is ErrInvalidCid.
-	if err != nil {
+	_, _, err = CidFromReader(bytes.NewReader([]byte{0x80}))
-		t.Fatal(err)
+	if !errors.Is(err, ErrInvalidCid{}) {
+		t.Fatal("Expected ErrInvalidCid error")
 	}
-	byts := make([]byte, c.ByteLen())
+	// Check for expected wrapped error.
-	copy(byts, c.Bytes())
+	if !errors.Is(err, io.ErrUnexpectedEOF) {
-	byts[1] = 0x80 // bad codec varint
+		t.Fatal("Expected error", io.ErrUnexpectedEOF)
-	byts[2] = 0x00
-	l, c, err = CidFromBytes(byts)
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Fatal("expected not-enough-bytes for V1 CidFromBytes")
-	}
-	if l != 0 {
-		t.Fatal("expected length=0 from bad CidFromBytes")
-	}
-	if c != Undef {
-		t.Fatal("expected Undef CID from bad CidFromBytes")
-	}
-
-	copy(byts, c.Bytes())
-	byts[2] = 0x80 // bad multihash varint
-	byts[3] = 0x00
-	l, c, err = CidFromBytes(byts)
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Fatal("expected not-enough-bytes for V1 CidFromBytes")
-	}
-	if l != 0 {
-		t.Fatal("expected length=0 from bad CidFromBytes")
-	}
-	if c != Undef {
-		t.Fatal("expected Undef CID from bad CidFromBytes")
 	}
 }
 
@@ -749,6 +816,9 @@ func TestBadParse(t *testing.T) {
 	if err == nil {
 		t.Fatal("expected to fail to parse an invalid CIDv1 CID")
 	}
+	if !errors.Is(err, ErrInvalidCid{}) {
+		t.Fatal("error must be ErrInvalidCid")
+	}
 }
 
 func TestLoggable(t *testing.T) {
@@ -763,3 +833,80 @@ func TestLoggable(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("did not get expected loggable form (got %v)", actual)
 	}
 }
+
+func TestErrInvalidCidIs(t *testing.T) {
+	for i, test := range []struct {
+		err    error
+		target error
+	}{
+		{&ErrInvalidCid{}, ErrInvalidCid{}},
+		{ErrInvalidCid{}, &ErrInvalidCid{}},
+		{ErrInvalidCid{}, ErrInvalidCid{}},
+		{&ErrInvalidCid{}, &ErrInvalidCid{}},
+	} {
+		if !errors.Is(test.err, test.target) {
+			t.Fatalf("expected error to be ErrInvalidCid, case %d", i)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestErrInvalidCid(t *testing.T) {
+	run := func(err error) {
+		if err == nil {
+			t.Fatal("expected error")
+		}
+
+		if !strings.HasPrefix(err.Error(), "invalid cid: ") {
+			t.Fatal(`expected error message to contain "invalid cid: "`)
+		}
+
+		is := errors.Is(err, ErrInvalidCid{})
+		if !is {
+			t.Fatal("expected error to be ErrInvalidCid")
+		}
+
+		if !errors.Is(err, &ErrInvalidCid{}) {
+			t.Fatal("expected error to be &ErrInvalidCid")
+		}
+	}
+
+	_, err := Decode("")
+	run(err)
+
+	_, err = Decode("not-a-cid")
+	run(err)
+
+	_, err = Decode("bafyInvalid")
+	run(err)
+
+	_, err = Decode("QmdfTbBqBPQ7VNxZEYEj14VmRuZBkqFbiwReogJgS1zIII")
+	run(err)
+
+	_, err = Cast([]byte("invalid"))
+	run(err)
+
+	_, err = Parse("not-a-cid")
+	run(err)
+
+	_, err = Parse("bafyInvalid")
+	run(err)
+
+	_, err = Parse("QmdfTbBqBPQ7VNxZEYEj14VmRuZBkqFbiwReogJgS1zIII")
+	run(err)
+
+	_, err = Parse(123)
+	run(err)
+
+	_, _, err = CidFromBytes([]byte("invalid"))
+	run(err)
+
+	_, err = Prefix{}.Sum([]byte("data"))
+	run(err)
+
+	_, err = PrefixFromBytes([]byte{0x80})
+	run(err)
+
+	_, err = ExtractEncoding("invalid ")
+	run(err)
+
+}

go.mod

@@ -1,10 +1,21 @@
-module github.com/ipfs/go-cid
+module code.sonr.org/go/cid
 
 require (
-	github.com/multiformats/go-multibase v0.0.3
+	github.com/multiformats/go-multibase v0.2.0
-	github.com/multiformats/go-multihash v0.0.14
+	github.com/multiformats/go-multihash v0.2.3
-	github.com/multiformats/go-varint v0.0.6
+	github.com/multiformats/go-varint v0.1.0
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210506145944-38f3c27a63bf // indirect
 )
 
-go 1.15
+require (
+	github.com/klauspost/cpuid/v2 v2.0.9 // indirect
+	github.com/minio/sha256-simd v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/mr-tron/base58 v1.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/multiformats/go-base32 v0.0.3 // indirect
+	github.com/multiformats/go-base36 v0.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/spaolacci/murmur3 v1.1.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.45.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.38.0 // indirect
+	lukechampine.com/blake3 v1.1.6 // indirect
+)
+
+go 1.24.0

go.sum

@@ -1,34 +1,25 @@
-github.com/minio/blake2b-simd v0.0.0-20160723061019-3f5f724cb5b1 h1:lYpkrQH5ajf0OXOcUbGjvZxxijuBwbbmlSxLiuofa+g=
+github.com/klauspost/cpuid/v2 v2.0.4/go.mod h1:FInQzS24/EEf25PyTYn52gqo7WaD8xa0213Md/qVLRg=
-github.com/minio/blake2b-simd v0.0.0-20160723061019-3f5f724cb5b1/go.mod h1:pD8RvIylQ358TN4wwqatJ8rNavkEINozVn9DtGI3dfQ=
+github.com/klauspost/cpuid/v2 v2.0.9 h1:lgaqFMSdTdQYdZ04uHyN2d/eKdOMyi2YLSvlQIBFYa4=
-github.com/minio/sha256-simd v0.1.1-0.20190913151208-6de447530771 h1:MHkK1uRtFbVqvAgvWxafZe54+5uBxLluGylDiKgdhwo=
+github.com/klauspost/cpuid/v2 v2.0.9/go.mod h1:FInQzS24/EEf25PyTYn52gqo7WaD8xa0213Md/qVLRg=
-github.com/minio/sha256-simd v0.1.1-0.20190913151208-6de447530771/go.mod h1:B5e1o+1/KgNmWrSQK08Y6Z1Vb5pwIktudl0J58iy0KM=
+github.com/minio/sha256-simd v1.0.0 h1:v1ta+49hkWZyvaKwrQB8elexRqm6Y0aMLjCNsrYxo6g=
-github.com/mr-tron/base58 v1.1.0/go.mod h1:xcD2VGqlgYjBdcBLw+TuYLr8afG+Hj8g2eTVqeSzSU8=
+github.com/minio/sha256-simd v1.0.0/go.mod h1:OuYzVNI5vcoYIAmbIvHPl3N3jUzVedXbKy5RFepssQM=
-github.com/mr-tron/base58 v1.1.3 h1:v+sk57XuaCKGXpWtVBX8YJzO7hMGx4Aajh4TQbdEFdc=
+github.com/mr-tron/base58 v1.2.0 h1:T/HDJBh4ZCPbU39/+c3rRvE0uKBQlU27+QI8LJ4t64o=
-github.com/mr-tron/base58 v1.1.3/go.mod h1:BinMc/sQntlIE1frQmRFPUoPA1Zkr8VRgBdjWI2mNwc=
+github.com/mr-tron/base58 v1.2.0/go.mod h1:BinMc/sQntlIE1frQmRFPUoPA1Zkr8VRgBdjWI2mNwc=
 github.com/multiformats/go-base32 v0.0.3 h1:tw5+NhuwaOjJCC5Pp82QuXbrmLzWg7uxlMFp8Nq/kkI=
 github.com/multiformats/go-base32 v0.0.3/go.mod h1:pLiuGC8y0QR3Ue4Zug5UzK9LjgbkL8NSQj0zQ5Nz/AA=
 github.com/multiformats/go-base36 v0.1.0 h1:JR6TyF7JjGd3m6FbLU2cOxhC0Li8z8dLNGQ89tUg4F4=
 github.com/multiformats/go-base36 v0.1.0/go.mod h1:kFGE83c6s80PklsHO9sRn2NCoffoRdUUOENyW/Vv6sM=
-github.com/multiformats/go-multibase v0.0.3 h1:l/B6bJDQjvQ5G52jw4QGSYeOTZoAwIO77RblWplfIqk=
+github.com/multiformats/go-multibase v0.2.0 h1:isdYCVLvksgWlMW9OZRYJEa9pZETFivncJHmHnnd87g=
-github.com/multiformats/go-multibase v0.0.3/go.mod h1:5+1R4eQrT3PkYZ24C3W2Ue2tPwIdYQD509ZjSb5y9Oc=
+github.com/multiformats/go-multibase v0.2.0/go.mod h1:bFBZX4lKCA/2lyOFSAoKH5SS6oPyjtnzK/XTFDPkNuk=
-github.com/multiformats/go-multihash v0.0.14 h1:QoBceQYQQtNUuf6s7wHxnE2c8bhbMqhfGzNI032se/I=
+github.com/multiformats/go-multihash v0.2.3 h1:7Lyc8XfX/IY2jWb/gI7JP+o7JEq9hOa7BFvVU9RSh+U=
-github.com/multiformats/go-multihash v0.0.14/go.mod h1:VdAWLKTwram9oKAatUcLxBNUjdtcVwxObEQBtRfuyjc=
+github.com/multiformats/go-multihash v0.2.3/go.mod h1:dXgKXCXjBzdscBLk9JkjINiEsCKRVch90MdaGiKsvSM=
-github.com/multiformats/go-varint v0.0.5/go.mod h1:3Ls8CIEsrijN6+B7PbrXRPxHRPuXSrVKRY101jdMZYE=
+github.com/multiformats/go-varint v0.1.0 h1:i2wqFp4sdl3IcIxfAonHQV9qU5OsZ4Ts9IOoETFs5dI=
-github.com/multiformats/go-varint v0.0.6 h1:gk85QWKxh3TazbLxED/NlDVv8+q+ReFJk7Y2W/KhfNY=
+github.com/multiformats/go-varint v0.1.0/go.mod h1:5KVAVXegtfmNQQm/lCY+ATvDzvJJhSkUlGQV9wgObdI=
-github.com/multiformats/go-varint v0.0.6/go.mod h1:3Ls8CIEsrijN6+B7PbrXRPxHRPuXSrVKRY101jdMZYE=
 github.com/spaolacci/murmur3 v1.1.0 h1:7c1g84S4BPRrfL5Xrdp6fOJ206sU9y293DDHaoy0bLI=
 github.com/spaolacci/murmur3 v1.1.0/go.mod h1:JwIasOWyU6f++ZhiEuf87xNszmSA2myDM2Kzu9HwQUA=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20190308221718-c2843e01d9a2/go.mod h1:djNgcEr1/C05ACkg1iLfiJU5Ep61QUkGW8qpdssI0+w=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.45.0 h1:jMBrvKuj23MTlT0bQEOBcAE0mjg8mK9RXFhRH6nyF3Q=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20190611184440-5c40567a22f8/go.mod h1:yigFU9vqHzYiE8UmvKecakEJjdnWj3jj499lnFckfCI=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.45.0/go.mod h1:XTGrrkGJve7CYK7J8PEww4aY7gM3qMCElcJQ8n8JdX4=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210506145944-38f3c27a63bf h1:B2n+Zi5QeYRDAEodEu72OS36gmTWjgpXr2+cWcBW90o=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.38.0 h1:3yZWxaJjBmCWXqhN1qh02AkOnCQ1poK6oF+a7xWL6Gc=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210506145944-38f3c27a63bf/go.mod h1:P+XmwS30IXTQdn5tA2iutPOUgjI07+tq3H3K9MVA1s8=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.38.0/go.mod h1:OgkHotnGiDImocRcuBABYBEXf8A9a87e/uXjp9XT3ks=
-golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20190404232315-eb5bcb51f2a3/go.mod h1:t9HGtf8HONx5eT2rtn7q6eTqICYqUVnKs3thJo3Qplg=
+lukechampine.com/blake3 v1.1.6 h1:H3cROdztr7RCfoaTpGZFQsrqvweFLrqS73j7L7cmR5c=
-golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20210226172049-e18ecbb05110/go.mod h1:m0MpNAwzfU5UDzcl9v0D8zg8gWTRqZa9RBIspLL5mdg=
+lukechampine.com/blake3 v1.1.6/go.mod h1:tkKEOtDkNtklkXtLNEOGNq5tcV90tJiA1vAA12R78LA=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20190215142949-d0b11bdaac8a/go.mod h1:STP8DvDyc/dI5b8T5hshtkjS+E42TnysNCUPdjciGhY=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20190412213103-97732733099d/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20201119102817-f84b799fce68 h1:nxC68pudNYkKU6jWhgrqdreuFiOQWj1Fs7T3VrH4Pjw=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20201119102817-f84b799fce68/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
-golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20201126162022-7de9c90e9dd1/go.mod h1:bj7SfCRtBDWHUb9snDiAeCFNEtKQo2Wmx5Cou7ajbmo=
-golang.org/x/text v0.3.0/go.mod h1:NqM8EUOU14njkJ3fqMW+pc6Ldnwhi/IjpwHt7yyuwOQ=
-golang.org/x/text v0.3.3/go.mod h1:5Zoc/QRtKVWzQhOtBMvqHzDpF6irO9z98xDceosuGiQ=
-golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20180917221912-90fa682c2a6e/go.mod h1:n7NCudcB/nEzxVGmLbDWY5pfWTLqBcC2KZ6jyYvM4mQ=

version.json

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{
+  "version": "v0.6.0"
+}