Quantiles.

ext/stats/quantile.go

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+package stats
+
+import (
+	"math"
+	"slices"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
+	"github.com/ncruces/sort/quick"
+)
+
+const (
+	median = iota
+	quant_cont
+	quant_disc
+)
+
+func newQuantile(kind int) func() sqlite3.AggregateFunction {
+	return func() sqlite3.AggregateFunction { return &quantile{kind: kind} }
+}
+
+type quantile struct {
+	kind int
+	pos  float64
+	list []float64
+}
+
+func (q *quantile) Step(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	if a := arg[0]; a.NumericType() != sqlite3.NULL {
+		q.list = append(q.list, a.Float())
+	}
+	if q.kind != median {
+		q.pos = arg[1].Float()
+	}
+}
+
+func (q *quantile) Value(ctx sqlite3.Context) {
+	if q.list == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	if q.kind == median {
+		q.pos = 0.5
+	}
+	if q.pos < 0 || q.pos > 1 {
+		ctx.ResultError(util.ErrorString("quantile: invalid pos"))
+		return
+	}
+
+	i, f := math.Modf(q.pos * float64(len(q.list)-1))
+	m0 := quick.Select(q.list, int(i))
+
+	if q.kind == quant_disc {
+		ctx.ResultFloat(m0)
+		return
+	}
+
+	m1 := slices.Min(q.list[int(i)+1:])
+	ctx.ResultFloat(math.FMA(f, m1, -math.FMA(f, m0, -m0)))
+}

ext/stats/quantile_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+package stats_test
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/stats"
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/tests/testcfg"
+)
+
+func TestRegister_quantile(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	db, err := sqlite3.Open(":memory:")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	stats.Register(db)
+
+	err = db.Exec(`CREATE TABLE data (x)`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO data (x) VALUES (4), (7.0), ('13'), (NULL), (16)`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	stmt, _, err := db.Prepare(`
+		SELECT
+			median(x),
+			quantile_disc(x, 0.5),
+			quantile_cont(x, 0.3)
+		FROM data`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer stmt.Close()
+
+	if stmt.Step() {
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(0); got != 10 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want 10", got)
+		}
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(1); got != 7 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want 7", got)
+		}
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(2); got != 6.699999999999999 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want 6.7", got)
+		}
+	}
+}

ext/stats/stats.go

@@ -18,6 +18,9 @@
 //   - regr_slope: slope of the least-squares-fit linear equation
 //   - regr_intercept: y-intercept of the least-squares-fit linear equation
 //   - regr_json: all regr stats in a JSON object
+//   - median: median value
+//   - quantile_cont: continuous quantile
+//   - quantile_disc: discrete quantile
 //
 // These join the [Built-in Aggregate Functions]:
 //   - count: count rows/values
@@ -27,9 +30,11 @@
 //   - max: maximum value
 //
 // See: [ANSI SQL Aggregate Functions]
+// See: [DuckDB Aggregate Functions]
 //
 // [Built-in Aggregate Functions]: https://sqlite.org/lang_aggfunc.html
 // [ANSI SQL Aggregate Functions]: https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/sql-in-a/9780596155322/ch04s02.html
+// [DuckDB Aggregate Functions]: https://duckdb.org/docs/sql/aggregates.html
 package stats
 
 import "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
@@ -54,6 +59,9 @@ func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) {
 	db.CreateWindowFunction("regr_intercept", 2, flags, newCovariance(regr_intercept))
 	db.CreateWindowFunction("regr_count", 2, flags, newCovariance(regr_count))
 	db.CreateWindowFunction("regr_json", 2, flags, newCovariance(regr_json))
+	db.CreateWindowFunction("median", 1, flags, newQuantile(median))
+	db.CreateWindowFunction("quantile_cont", 2, flags, newQuantile(quant_cont))
+	db.CreateWindowFunction("quantile_disc", 2, flags, newQuantile(quant_disc))
 }
 
 const (

go.mod

@@ -13,4 +13,6 @@ require (
 	lukechampine.com/adiantum v1.1.1
 )
 
+require github.com/ncruces/sort v0.1.2
+
 retract v0.4.0 // tagged from the wrong branch

go.sum

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 github.com/ncruces/julianday v1.0.0 h1:fH0OKwa7NWvniGQtxdJRxAgkBMolni2BjDHaWTxqt7M=
 github.com/ncruces/julianday v1.0.0/go.mod h1:Dusn2KvZrrovOMJuOt0TNXL6tB7U2E8kvza5fFc9G7g=
+github.com/ncruces/sort v0.1.2 h1:zKQ9CA4fpHPF6xsUhRTfi5EEryspuBpe/QA4VWQOV1U=
+github.com/ncruces/sort v0.1.2/go.mod h1:vEJUTBJtebIuCMmXD18GKo5GJGhsay+xZFOoBEIXFmE=
 github.com/psanford/httpreadat v0.1.0 h1:VleW1HS2zO7/4c7c7zNl33fO6oYACSagjJIyMIwZLUE=
 github.com/psanford/httpreadat v0.1.0/go.mod h1:Zg7P+TlBm3bYbyHTKv/EdtSJZn3qwbPwpfZ/I9GKCRE=
 github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.7.2 h1:1+z5nXJNwMLPAWaTePFi49SSTL0IMx/i3Fg8Yc25GDc=

go.work.sum

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+golang.org/x/mod v0.8.0/go.mod h1:iBbtSCu2XBx23ZKBPSOrRkjjQPZFPuis4dIYUhu/chs=
+golang.org/x/net v0.21.0/go.mod h1:bIjVDfnllIU7BJ2DNgfnXvpSvtn8VRwhlsaeUTyUS44=
+golang.org/x/term v0.20.0/go.mod h1:8UkIAJTvZgivsXaD6/pH6U9ecQzZ45awqEOzuCvwpFY=
+golang.org/x/tools v0.6.0/go.mod h1:Xwgl3UAJ/d3gWutnCtw505GrjyAbvKui8lOU390QaIU=