Updated dependencies.

Bumps [actions/attest-build-provenance](https://github.com/actions/attest-build-provenance) from 1 to 2.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/actions/attest-build-provenance/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/actions/attest-build-provenance/blob/main/RELEASE.md)
- [Commits](https://github.com/actions/attest-build-provenance/compare/v1...v2)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: actions/attest-build-provenance
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-major
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

.github/actions/vmactions/template.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+name: VM Actions matrix
+description: VM Actions matrix template
+
+inputs:
+  run:
+    description: The CI command to run
+    required: true
+
+runs:
+  using: composite
+  steps:
+    - uses: ${VMACTIONS}
+      with:
+        usesh: true
+        copyback: false
+        run: ${{inputs.run}}

.github/workflows/build-test.sh

@@ -6,6 +6,10 @@ echo 'set -eu' > test.sh
 for p in $(go list ./...); do
   dir=".${p#github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3}"
   name="$(basename "$p").test"
-  (cd ${dir}; go test -c)
-  [ -f "${dir}/${name}" ] && echo "(cd ${dir}; ./${name} ${TESTFLAGS})" >> test.sh
-done
+  (cd ${dir}; go test -c ${BUILDFLAGS:-})
+  [ -f "${dir}/${name}" ] && echo "(cd ${dir}; ./${name} ${TESTFLAGS:-})" >> test.sh
+done
+
+if [[ -v VMACTIONS ]]; then
+  envsubst < .github/actions/vmactions/template.yml > .github/actions/vmactions/action.yml
+fi

.github/workflows/cross.sh

@@ -17,11 +17,9 @@ echo aix           ; GOOS=aix       GOARCH=ppc64 go build .
 echo js            ; GOOS=js        GOARCH=wasm  go build .
 echo wasip1        ; GOOS=wasip1    GOARCH=wasm  go build .
 echo linux-flock   ; GOOS=linux     GOARCH=amd64 go build -tags sqlite3_flock .
-echo linux-noshm   ; GOOS=linux     GOARCH=amd64 go build -tags sqlite3_noshm .
-echo linux-nosys   ; GOOS=linux     GOARCH=amd64 go build -tags sqlite3_nosys .
+echo linux-dotlk   ; GOOS=linux     GOARCH=amd64 go build -tags sqlite3_dotlk .
 echo darwin-flock  ; GOOS=darwin    GOARCH=amd64 go build -tags sqlite3_flock .
-echo darwin-noshm  ; GOOS=darwin    GOARCH=amd64 go build -tags sqlite3_noshm .
-echo darwin-nosys  ; GOOS=darwin    GOARCH=amd64 go build -tags sqlite3_nosys .
-echo windows-nosys ; GOOS=windows   GOARCH=amd64 go build -tags sqlite3_nosys .
-echo freebsd-nosys ; GOOS=freebsd   GOARCH=amd64 go build -tags sqlite3_nosys .
-echo solaris-flock ; GOOS=solaris   GOARCH=amd64 go build -tags sqlite3_flock .
+echo darwin-dotlk  ; GOOS=darwin    GOARCH=amd64 go build -tags sqlite3_dotlk .
+echo windows-dotlk ; GOOS=windows   GOARCH=amd64 go build -tags sqlite3_dotlk .
+echo freebsd-dotlk ; GOOS=freebsd   GOARCH=amd64 go build -tags sqlite3_dotlk .
+echo solaris-dotlk ; GOOS=solaris   GOARCH=amd64 go build -tags sqlite3_dotlk .

.github/workflows/repro.sh

@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@ set -euo pipefail
 
 if [[ "$OSTYPE" == "linux"* ]]; then
   WASI_SDK="https://github.com/WebAssembly/wasi-sdk/releases/download/wasi-sdk-24/wasi-sdk-24.0-x86_64-linux.tar.gz"
-  BINARYEN="https://github.com/WebAssembly/binaryen/releases/download/version_119/binaryen-version_119-x86_64-linux.tar.gz"
+  BINARYEN="https://github.com/WebAssembly/binaryen/releases/download/version_120/binaryen-version_120-x86_64-linux.tar.gz"
 elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == "darwin"* ]]; then
-  WASI_SDK="https://github.com/WebAssembly/wasi-sdk/releases/download/wasi-sdk-24/wasi-sdk-24.0-x86_64-macos.tar.gz"
-  BINARYEN="https://github.com/WebAssembly/binaryen/releases/download/version_119/binaryen-version_119-x86_64-macos.tar.gz"
+  WASI_SDK="https://github.com/WebAssembly/wasi-sdk/releases/download/wasi-sdk-24/wasi-sdk-24.0-arm64-macos.tar.gz"
+  BINARYEN="https://github.com/WebAssembly/binaryen/releases/download/version_120/binaryen-version_120-arm64-macos.tar.gz"
 elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == "msys" || "$OSTYPE" == "cygwin" ]]; then
   WASI_SDK="https://github.com/WebAssembly/wasi-sdk/releases/download/wasi-sdk-24/wasi-sdk-24.0-x86_64-windows.tar.gz"
-  BINARYEN="https://github.com/WebAssembly/binaryen/releases/download/version_119/binaryen-version_119-x86_64-windows.tar.gz"
+  BINARYEN="https://github.com/WebAssembly/binaryen/releases/download/version_120/binaryen-version_120-x86_64-windows.tar.gz"
 fi
 
 # Download tools
@@ -27,8 +27,8 @@ embed/build.sh
 embed/bcw2/build.sh
 
 # Download and build sqlite-createtable-parser
-util/vtabutil/parse/download.sh
-util/vtabutil/parse/build.sh
+util/sql3util/parse/download.sh
+util/sql3util/parse/build.sh
 
 # Check diffs
 git diff --exit-code

.github/workflows/repro.yml

@@ -25,10 +25,10 @@ jobs:
       shell: bash
       run: .github/workflows/repro.sh
 
-    - uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@v1
+    - uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@v2
       if: matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest'
       with:
         subject-path: |
           embed/sqlite3.wasm
           embed/bcw2/bcw2.wasm
-          util/vtabutil/parse/sql3parse_table.wasm
+          util/sql3util/parse/sql3parse_table.wasm

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -3,8 +3,18 @@ name: Test
 on:
   push:
     branches: [ "main" ]
+    paths:
+      - '**.go'
+      - '**.mod'
+      - '**.wasm'
+      - '**.wasm.bz2'
   pull_request:
     branches: [ "main" ]
+    paths:
+      - '**.go'
+      - '**.mod'
+      - '**.wasm'
+      - '**.wasm.bz2'
   workflow_dispatch:
 
 jobs:
@@ -36,7 +46,7 @@ jobs:
       run: go mod verify
 
     - name: Vet
-      run: go vet -tags vet ./...
+      run: go vet ./...
 
     - name: Build
       run: go build -v ./...
@@ -48,22 +58,16 @@ jobs:
       run: go test -v -tags sqlite3_flock ./...
       if: matrix.os == 'macos-latest'
 
-    - name: Test no shared memory
-      run: go test -v -tags sqlite3_noshm ./...
-      if: matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest'
-
-    - name: Test no locks
-      run: go test -v -tags sqlite3_nosys ./...
-      if: matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest'
+    - name: Test dot locks
+      run: go test -v -tags sqlite3_dotlk ./...
+      if: matrix.os != 'windows-latest'
 
     - name: Test GORM
       shell: bash
       run: gormlite/test.sh
 
     - name: Collect coverage
-      run: |
-        go install github.com/dave/courtney@latest
-        courtney
+      run: go run github.com/dave/courtney@latest
       if: |
         github.event_name == 'push' &&
         matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest'
@@ -77,41 +81,24 @@ jobs:
         github.event_name == 'push' &&
         matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest'
 
-  test-intel:
-    runs-on: macos-13
-    needs: test
-
-    steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-    - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
-      with: { go-version: stable }
-
-    - name: Git LFS pull
-      uses: ./.github/actions/lfs
-
-    - name: Test
-      run: go test -v ./...
-
   test-bsd:
     strategy:
       matrix:
         os:
           - name: freebsd
-            version: '14.1'
+            version: '14.2'
             flags: '-test.v'
-          - name: openbsd
-            version: '7.5'
-            flags: '-test.v -test.short'
           - name: netbsd
             version: '10.0'
+            flags: '-test.v'
+          - name: openbsd
+            version: '7.6'
             flags: '-test.v -test.short'
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     needs: test
 
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-    - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
-      with: { go-version: stable }
 
     - name: Git LFS pull
       uses: ./.github/actions/lfs
@@ -123,7 +110,7 @@ jobs:
       run: .github/workflows/build-test.sh
 
     - name: Test
-      uses: cross-platform-actions/action@v0.25.0
+      uses: cross-platform-actions/action@v0.26.0
       with:
         operating_system: ${{ matrix.os.name }}
         version: ${{ matrix.os.version }}
@@ -131,6 +118,44 @@ jobs:
         run: . ./test.sh
         sync_files: runner-to-vm
 
+  test-vm:
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        os:
+          - name: dragonfly
+            action: 'vmactions/dragonflybsd-vm@v1'
+            tflags: '-test.v'
+          - name: illumos
+            action: 'vmactions/omnios-vm@v1'
+            tflags: '-test.v'
+          - name: solaris
+            action: 'vmactions/solaris-vm@v1'
+            bflags: '-tags sqlite3_dotlk'
+            tflags: '-test.v'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: test
+
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+    - name: Git LFS pull
+      uses: ./.github/actions/lfs
+
+    - name: Build
+      env:
+        GOOS: ${{ matrix.os.name }}
+        BUILDFLAGS: ${{ matrix.os.bflags }}
+        TESTFLAGS:  ${{ matrix.os.tflags }}
+        VMACTIONS:  ${{ matrix.os.action }}
+      run: .github/workflows/build-test.sh
+
+    - name: Test
+      uses: ./.github/actions/vmactions
+      with:
+        usesh: true
+        copyback: false
+        run: . ./test.sh
+
   test-qemu:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     needs: test
@@ -156,11 +181,11 @@ jobs:
     - name: Test ppc64le (interpreter)
       run: GOARCH=ppc64le go test -v -short ./...
 
-    - name: Test s390x (big-endian, z/OS demo)
-      run: GOARCH=s390x go test -v -short -tags sqlite3_flock ./...
+    - name: Test s390x (big-endian)
+      run: GOARCH=s390x go test -v -short -tags sqlite3_dotlk ./...
 
-  test-vm:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+  test-macintel:
+    runs-on: macos-13
     needs: test
 
     steps:
@@ -171,29 +196,5 @@ jobs:
     - name: Git LFS pull
       uses: ./.github/actions/lfs
 
-    - name: Build illumos
-      env:
-        GOOS: illumos
-        TESTFLAGS: '-test.v -test.short'
-      run: .github/workflows/build-test.sh
-
-    - name: Test illumos
-      uses: vmactions/omnios-vm@v1
-      with:
-        usesh: true
-        copyback: false
-        run: . ./test.sh
-
-    - name: Build Solaris
-      env:
-        GOOS: solaris
-        TESTFLAGS: '-test.v -test.short'
-      run: .github/workflows/build-test.sh
-
-    - name: Test Solaris
-      uses: vmactions/solaris-vm@v1
-      with:
-        usesh: true
-        copyback: false
-        run: . ./test.sh
-      continue-on-error: true
+    - name: Test
+      run: go test -v ./...

README.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Go bindings to SQLite using Wazero
+# Go bindings to SQLite using wazero
 
 [![Go Reference](https://pkg.go.dev/badge/image)](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3)
 [![Go Report](https://goreportcard.com/badge/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3)](https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3)
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ as well as direct access to most of the [C SQLite API](https://sqlite.org/cintro
 
 It wraps a [Wasm](https://webassembly.org/) [build](embed/) of SQLite,
 and uses [wazero](https://wazero.io/) as the runtime.\
-Go, wazero and [`x/sys`](https://pkg.go.dev/golang.org/x/sys) are the _only_ runtime dependencies.
+Go, wazero and [`x/sys`](https://pkg.go.dev/golang.org/x/sys) are the _only_ direct dependencies.
 
 ### Getting started
 
@@ -41,45 +41,6 @@ db.QueryRow(`SELECT sqlite_version()`).Scan(&version)
 - [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/gormlite`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/gormlite)
   provides a [GORM](https://gorm.io) driver.
 
-### Extensions
-
-- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/array`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/array)
-  provides the [`array`](https://sqlite.org/carray.html) table-valued function.
-- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/blobio`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/blobio)
-  simplifies [incremental BLOB I/O](https://sqlite.org/c3ref/blob_open.html).
-- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/bloom`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/bloom)
-  provides a [Bloom filter](https://github.com/nalgeon/sqlean/issues/27#issuecomment-1002267134) virtual table.
-- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/closure`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/closure)
-  provides a transitive closure virtual table.
-- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/csv`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/csv)
-  reads [comma-separated values](https://sqlite.org/csv.html).
-- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/fileio`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/fileio)
-  reads, writes and lists files.
-- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/hash`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/hash)
-  provides cryptographic hash functions.
-- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/lines`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/lines)
-  reads data [line-by-line](https://github.com/asg017/sqlite-lines).
-- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/pivot`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/pivot)
-  creates [pivot tables](https://github.com/jakethaw/pivot_vtab).
-- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/regexp`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/regexp)
-  provides regular expression functions.
-- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/statement`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/statement)
-  creates [parameterized views](https://github.com/0x09/sqlite-statement-vtab).
-- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/stats`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/stats)
-  provides [statistics](https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/sql-in-a/9780596155322/ch04s02.html) functions.
-- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/unicode`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/unicode)
-  provides [Unicode aware](https://sqlite.org/src/dir/ext/icu) functions.
-- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/uuid`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/uuid)
-  generates [UUIDs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universally_unique_identifier).
-- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/zorder`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/zorder)
-  maps multidimensional data to one dimension.
-- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs/adiantum`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs/adiantum)
-  wraps a VFS to offer encryption at rest.
-- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs/memdb`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs/memdb)
-  implements an in-memory VFS.
-- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs/readervfs`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs/readervfs)
-  implements a VFS for immutable databases.
-
 ### Advanced features
 
 - [incremental BLOB I/O](https://sqlite.org/c3ref/blob_open.html)
@@ -92,7 +53,11 @@ db.QueryRow(`SELECT sqlite_version()`).Scan(&version)
 - [math functions](https://sqlite.org/lang_mathfunc.html)
 - [full-text search](https://sqlite.org/fts5.html)
 - [geospatial search](https://sqlite.org/geopoly.html)
+- [Unicode support](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/unicode)
+- [statistics functions](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/stats)
 - [encryption at rest](vfs/adiantum/README.md)
+- [many extensions](ext/README.md)
+- [custom VFSes](vfs/README.md#custom-vfses)
 - [and more…](embed/README.md)
 
 ### Caveats
@@ -112,7 +77,7 @@ It also benefits greatly from [SQLite's](https://sqlite.org/testing.html) and
 Every commit is [tested](https://github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/wiki/Test-matrix) on
 Linux (amd64/arm64/386/riscv64/ppc64le/s390x), macOS (amd64/arm64),
 Windows (amd64), FreeBSD (amd64), OpenBSD (amd64), NetBSD (amd64),
-illumos (amd64), and Solaris (amd64).
+DragonFly BSD (amd64), illumos (amd64), and Solaris (amd64).
 
 The Go VFS is tested by running SQLite's
 [mptest](https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/blob/master/mptest/mptest.c).
@@ -125,9 +90,20 @@ Perfomance of the [`database/sql`](https://pkg.go.dev/database/sql) driver is
 The Wasm and VFS layers are also tested by running SQLite's
 [speedtest1](https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/blob/master/test/speedtest1.c).
 
+### FAQ, issues, new features
+
+For questions, please see [Discussions](https://github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/discussions/categories/q-a).
+
+Also, post there if you used this driver for something interesting
+([_"Show and tell"_](https://github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/discussions/categories/show-and-tell)),
+have an [idea](https://github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/discussions/categories/ideas)…
+
+The [Issue](https://github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/issues) tracker is for bugs we want fixed,
+and features we're working on, planning to work on, or asking for help with.
+
 ### Alternatives
 
 - [`modernc.org/sqlite`](https://pkg.go.dev/modernc.org/sqlite)
 - [`crawshaw.io/sqlite`](https://pkg.go.dev/crawshaw.io/sqlite)
 - [`github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3)
-- [`github.com/zombiezen/go-sqlite`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/zombiezen/go-sqlite)
+- [`github.com/zombiezen/go-sqlite`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/zombiezen/go-sqlite)

blob.go

@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ var _ io.ReadWriteSeeker = &Blob{}
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/blob_open.html
 func (c *Conn) OpenBlob(db, table, column string, row int64, write bool) (*Blob, error) {
-	c.checkInterrupt()
 	defer c.arena.mark()()
 	blobPtr := c.arena.new(ptrlen)
 	dbPtr := c.arena.string(db)
@@ -43,6 +42,7 @@ func (c *Conn) OpenBlob(db, table, column string, row int64, write bool) (*Blob,
 		flags = 1
 	}
 
+	c.checkInterrupt(c.handle)
 	r := c.call("sqlite3_blob_open", uint64(c.handle),
 		uint64(dbPtr), uint64(tablePtr), uint64(columnPtr),
 		uint64(row), flags, uint64(blobPtr))
@@ -253,6 +253,7 @@ func (b *Blob) Seek(offset int64, whence int) (int64, error) {
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/blob_reopen.html
 func (b *Blob) Reopen(row int64) error {
+	b.c.checkInterrupt(b.c.handle)
 	err := b.c.error(b.c.call("sqlite3_blob_reopen", uint64(b.handle), uint64(row)))
 	b.bytes = int64(b.c.call("sqlite3_blob_bytes", uint64(b.handle)))
 	b.offset = 0

config.go

@@ -2,10 +2,13 @@ package sqlite3
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"strconv"
+
+	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/api"
 
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs"
-	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/api"
 )
 
 // Config makes configuration changes to a database connection.
@@ -15,8 +18,19 @@ import (
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/db_config.html
 func (c *Conn) Config(op DBConfig, arg ...bool) (bool, error) {
+	if op < DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY || op > DBCONFIG_REVERSE_SCANORDER {
+		return false, MISUSE
+	}
+
+	// We need to call sqlite3_db_config, a variadic function.
+	// We only support the `int int*` variants.
+	// The int is a three-valued bool: -1 queries, 0/1 sets false/true.
+	// The int* points to where new state will be written to.
+	// The vararg is a pointer to an array containing these arguments:
+	// an int and an int* pointing to that int.
+
 	defer c.arena.mark()()
-	argsPtr := c.arena.new(2 * ptrlen)
+	argsPtr := c.arena.new(intlen + ptrlen)
 
 	var flag int
 	switch {
@@ -57,24 +71,38 @@ func logCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, _, iCode, zMsg uint32) {
 	}
 }
 
+// Log writes a message into the error log established by [Conn.ConfigLog].
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/log.html
+func (c *Conn) Log(code ExtendedErrorCode, format string, a ...any) {
+	if c.log != nil {
+		c.log(code, fmt.Sprintf(format, a...))
+	}
+}
+
 // FileControl allows low-level control of database files.
 // Only a subset of opcodes are supported.
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/file_control.html
 func (c *Conn) FileControl(schema string, op FcntlOpcode, arg ...any) (any, error) {
 	defer c.arena.mark()()
+	ptr := c.arena.new(max(ptrlen, intlen))
 
 	var schemaPtr uint32
 	if schema != "" {
 		schemaPtr = c.arena.string(schema)
 	}
 
+	var rc uint64
+	var res any
 	switch op {
+	default:
+		return nil, MISUSE
+
 	case FCNTL_RESET_CACHE:
-		r := c.call("sqlite3_file_control",
+		rc = c.call("sqlite3_file_control",
 			uint64(c.handle), uint64(schemaPtr),
 			uint64(op), 0)
-		return nil, c.error(r)
 
 	case FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL, FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE:
 		var flag int
@@ -84,70 +112,69 @@ func (c *Conn) FileControl(schema string, op FcntlOpcode, arg ...any) (any, erro
 		case arg[0]:
 			flag = 1
 		}
-		ptr := c.arena.new(4)
 		util.WriteUint32(c.mod, ptr, uint32(flag))
-		r := c.call("sqlite3_file_control",
+		rc = c.call("sqlite3_file_control",
 			uint64(c.handle), uint64(schemaPtr),
 			uint64(op), uint64(ptr))
-		return util.ReadUint32(c.mod, ptr) != 0, c.error(r)
+		res = util.ReadUint32(c.mod, ptr) != 0
 
 	case FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE:
-		ptr := c.arena.new(4)
 		util.WriteUint32(c.mod, ptr, uint32(arg[0].(int)))
-		r := c.call("sqlite3_file_control",
+		rc = c.call("sqlite3_file_control",
 			uint64(c.handle), uint64(schemaPtr),
 			uint64(op), uint64(ptr))
-		return nil, c.error(r)
 
 	case FCNTL_RESERVE_BYTES:
 		bytes := -1
 		if len(arg) > 0 {
 			bytes = arg[0].(int)
 		}
-		ptr := c.arena.new(4)
 		util.WriteUint32(c.mod, ptr, uint32(bytes))
-		r := c.call("sqlite3_file_control",
+		rc = c.call("sqlite3_file_control",
 			uint64(c.handle), uint64(schemaPtr),
 			uint64(op), uint64(ptr))
-		return int(util.ReadUint32(c.mod, ptr)), c.error(r)
+		res = int(util.ReadUint32(c.mod, ptr))
 
 	case FCNTL_DATA_VERSION:
-		ptr := c.arena.new(4)
-		r := c.call("sqlite3_file_control",
+		rc = c.call("sqlite3_file_control",
 			uint64(c.handle), uint64(schemaPtr),
 			uint64(op), uint64(ptr))
-		return util.ReadUint32(c.mod, ptr), c.error(r)
+		res = util.ReadUint32(c.mod, ptr)
 
 	case FCNTL_LOCKSTATE:
-		ptr := c.arena.new(4)
-		r := c.call("sqlite3_file_control",
+		rc = c.call("sqlite3_file_control",
 			uint64(c.handle), uint64(schemaPtr),
 			uint64(op), uint64(ptr))
-		return vfs.LockLevel(util.ReadUint32(c.mod, ptr)), c.error(r)
+		res = vfs.LockLevel(util.ReadUint32(c.mod, ptr))
 
 	case FCNTL_VFS_POINTER:
-		ptr := c.arena.new(4)
-		r := c.call("sqlite3_file_control",
+		rc = c.call("sqlite3_file_control",
 			uint64(c.handle), uint64(schemaPtr),
 			uint64(op), uint64(ptr))
-		const zNameOffset = 16
-		ptr = util.ReadUint32(c.mod, ptr)
-		ptr = util.ReadUint32(c.mod, ptr+zNameOffset)
-		name := util.ReadString(c.mod, ptr, _MAX_NAME)
-		return vfs.Find(name), c.error(r)
+		if rc == _OK {
+			const zNameOffset = 16
+			ptr = util.ReadUint32(c.mod, ptr)
+			ptr = util.ReadUint32(c.mod, ptr+zNameOffset)
+			name := util.ReadString(c.mod, ptr, _MAX_NAME)
+			res = vfs.Find(name)
+		}
 
 	case FCNTL_FILE_POINTER, FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER:
-		ptr := c.arena.new(4)
-		r := c.call("sqlite3_file_control",
+		rc = c.call("sqlite3_file_control",
 			uint64(c.handle), uint64(schemaPtr),
 			uint64(op), uint64(ptr))
-		const fileHandleOffset = 4
-		ptr = util.ReadUint32(c.mod, ptr)
-		ptr = util.ReadUint32(c.mod, ptr+fileHandleOffset)
-		return util.GetHandle(c.ctx, ptr), c.error(r)
+		if rc == _OK {
+			const fileHandleOffset = 4
+			ptr = util.ReadUint32(c.mod, ptr)
+			ptr = util.ReadUint32(c.mod, ptr+fileHandleOffset)
+			res = util.GetHandle(c.ctx, ptr)
+		}
 	}
 
-	return nil, MISUSE
+	if err := c.error(rc); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return res, nil
 }
 
 // Limit allows the size of various constructs to be
@@ -234,10 +261,10 @@ func traceCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, evt TraceEvent, pDB, pAr
 	return rc
 }
 
-// WalCheckpoint checkpoints a WAL database.
+// WALCheckpoint checkpoints a WAL database.
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/wal_checkpoint_v2.html
-func (c *Conn) WalCheckpoint(schema string, mode CheckpointMode) (nLog, nCkpt int, err error) {
+func (c *Conn) WALCheckpoint(schema string, mode CheckpointMode) (nLog, nCkpt int, err error) {
 	defer c.arena.mark()()
 	nLogPtr := c.arena.new(ptrlen)
 	nCkptPtr := c.arena.new(ptrlen)
@@ -250,19 +277,19 @@ func (c *Conn) WalCheckpoint(schema string, mode CheckpointMode) (nLog, nCkpt in
 	return nLog, nCkpt, c.error(r)
 }
 
-// WalAutoCheckpoint configures WAL auto-checkpoints.
+// WALAutoCheckpoint configures WAL auto-checkpoints.
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/wal_autocheckpoint.html
-func (c *Conn) WalAutoCheckpoint(pages int) error {
+func (c *Conn) WALAutoCheckpoint(pages int) error {
 	r := c.call("sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint", uint64(c.handle), uint64(pages))
 	return c.error(r)
 }
 
-// WalHook registers a callback function to be invoked
+// WALHook registers a callback function to be invoked
 // each time data is committed to a database in WAL mode.
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/wal_hook.html
-func (c *Conn) WalHook(cb func(db *Conn, schema string, pages int) error) {
+func (c *Conn) WALHook(cb func(db *Conn, schema string, pages int) error) {
 	var enable uint64
 	if cb != nil {
 		enable = 1
@@ -284,7 +311,10 @@ func walCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, _, pDB, zSchema uint32, pa
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/autovacuum_pages.html
 func (c *Conn) AutoVacuumPages(cb func(schema string, dbPages, freePages, bytesPerPage uint) uint) error {
-	funcPtr := util.AddHandle(c.ctx, cb)
+	var funcPtr uint32
+	if cb != nil {
+		funcPtr = util.AddHandle(c.ctx, cb)
+	}
 	r := c.call("sqlite3_autovacuum_pages_go", uint64(c.handle), uint64(funcPtr))
 	return c.error(r)
 }
@@ -308,3 +338,46 @@ func (c *Conn) SoftHeapLimit(n int64) int64 {
 func (c *Conn) HardHeapLimit(n int64) int64 {
 	return int64(c.call("sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64", uint64(n)))
 }
+
+// EnableChecksums enables checksums on a database.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/cksumvfs.html
+func (c *Conn) EnableChecksums(schema string) error {
+	r, err := c.FileControl(schema, FCNTL_RESERVE_BYTES)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if r == 8 {
+		// Correct value, enabled.
+		return nil
+	}
+	if r == 0 {
+		// Default value, enable.
+		_, err = c.FileControl(schema, FCNTL_RESERVE_BYTES, 8)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		r, err = c.FileControl(schema, FCNTL_RESERVE_BYTES)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	if r != 8 {
+		// Invalid value.
+		return util.ErrorString("sqlite3: reserve bytes must be 8, is: " + strconv.Itoa(r.(int)))
+	}
+
+	// VACUUM the database.
+	if schema != "" {
+		err = c.Exec(`VACUUM ` + QuoteIdentifier(schema))
+	} else {
+		err = c.Exec(`VACUUM`)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// Checkpoint the WAL.
+	_, _, err = c.WALCheckpoint(schema, CHECKPOINT_RESTART)
+	return err
+}

conn.go

@@ -8,9 +8,10 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
+	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/api"
+
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs"
-	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/api"
 )
 
 // Conn is a database connection handle.
@@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ type Conn struct {
 	pending    *Stmt
 	stmts      []*Stmt
 	timer      *time.Timer
-	busy       func(int) bool
+	busy       func(context.Context, int) bool
 	log        func(xErrorCode, string)
 	collation  func(*Conn, string)
 	wal        func(*Conn, string, int) error
@@ -38,14 +39,20 @@ type Conn struct {
 	handle uint32
 }
 
-// Open calls [OpenFlags] with [OPEN_READWRITE], [OPEN_CREATE], [OPEN_URI] and [OPEN_NOFOLLOW].
+// Open calls [OpenFlags] with [OPEN_READWRITE], [OPEN_CREATE] and [OPEN_URI].
 func Open(filename string) (*Conn, error) {
-	return newConn(filename, OPEN_READWRITE|OPEN_CREATE|OPEN_URI|OPEN_NOFOLLOW)
+	return newConn(context.Background(), filename, OPEN_READWRITE|OPEN_CREATE|OPEN_URI)
+}
+
+// OpenContext is like [Open] but includes a context,
+// which is used to interrupt the process of opening the connectiton.
+func OpenContext(ctx context.Context, filename string) (*Conn, error) {
+	return newConn(ctx, filename, OPEN_READWRITE|OPEN_CREATE|OPEN_URI)
 }
 
 // OpenFlags opens an SQLite database file as specified by the filename argument.
 //
-// If none of the required flags is used, a combination of [OPEN_READWRITE] and [OPEN_CREATE] is used.
+// If none of the required flags are used, a combination of [OPEN_READWRITE] and [OPEN_CREATE] is used.
 // If a URI filename is used, PRAGMA statements to execute can be specified using "_pragma":
 //
 //	sqlite3.Open("file:demo.db?_pragma=busy_timeout(10000)")
@@ -55,25 +62,33 @@ func OpenFlags(filename string, flags OpenFlag) (*Conn, error) {
 	if flags&(OPEN_READONLY|OPEN_READWRITE|OPEN_CREATE) == 0 {
 		flags |= OPEN_READWRITE | OPEN_CREATE
 	}
-	return newConn(filename, flags)
+	return newConn(context.Background(), filename, flags)
 }
 
 type connKey struct{}
 
-func newConn(filename string, flags OpenFlag) (conn *Conn, err error) {
-	sqlite, err := instantiateSQLite()
+func newConn(ctx context.Context, filename string, flags OpenFlag) (res *Conn, _ error) {
+	err := ctx.Err()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	c := &Conn{interrupt: ctx}
+	c.sqlite, err = instantiateSQLite()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	defer func() {
-		if conn == nil {
-			sqlite.close()
+		if res == nil {
+			c.Close()
+			c.sqlite.close()
+		} else {
+			c.interrupt = context.Background()
 		}
 	}()
 
-	c := &Conn{sqlite: sqlite}
-	c.arena = c.newArena(1024)
 	c.ctx = context.WithValue(c.ctx, connKey{}, c)
+	c.arena = c.newArena(1024)
 	c.handle, err = c.openDB(filename, flags)
 	if err == nil {
 		err = initExtensions(c)
@@ -98,6 +113,7 @@ func (c *Conn) openDB(filename string, flags OpenFlag) (uint32, error) {
 		return 0, err
 	}
 
+	c.call("sqlite3_progress_handler_go", uint64(handle), 100)
 	if flags|OPEN_URI != 0 && strings.HasPrefix(filename, "file:") {
 		var pragmas strings.Builder
 		if _, after, ok := strings.Cut(filename, "?"); ok {
@@ -109,6 +125,7 @@ func (c *Conn) openDB(filename string, flags OpenFlag) (uint32, error) {
 			}
 		}
 		if pragmas.Len() != 0 {
+			c.checkInterrupt(handle)
 			pragmaPtr := c.arena.string(pragmas.String())
 			r := c.call("sqlite3_exec", uint64(handle), uint64(pragmaPtr), 0, 0, 0)
 			if err := c.sqlite.error(r, handle, pragmas.String()); err != nil {
@@ -118,7 +135,6 @@ func (c *Conn) openDB(filename string, flags OpenFlag) (uint32, error) {
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	c.call("sqlite3_progress_handler_go", uint64(handle), 100)
 	return handle, nil
 }
 
@@ -160,10 +176,10 @@ func (c *Conn) Close() error {
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/exec.html
 func (c *Conn) Exec(sql string) error {
-	c.checkInterrupt()
 	defer c.arena.mark()()
 	sqlPtr := c.arena.string(sql)
 
+	c.checkInterrupt(c.handle)
 	r := c.call("sqlite3_exec", uint64(c.handle), uint64(sqlPtr), 0, 0, 0)
 	return c.error(r, sql)
 }
@@ -189,6 +205,7 @@ func (c *Conn) PrepareFlags(sql string, flags PrepareFlag) (stmt *Stmt, tail str
 	tailPtr := c.arena.new(ptrlen)
 	sqlPtr := c.arena.string(sql)
 
+	c.checkInterrupt(c.handle)
 	r := c.call("sqlite3_prepare_v3", uint64(c.handle),
 		uint64(sqlPtr), uint64(len(sql)+1), uint64(flags),
 		uint64(stmtPtr), uint64(tailPtr))
@@ -301,8 +318,7 @@ func (c *Conn) ReleaseMemory() error {
 	return c.error(r)
 }
 
-// GetInterrupt gets the context set with [Conn.SetInterrupt],
-// or nil if none was set.
+// GetInterrupt gets the context set with [Conn.SetInterrupt].
 func (c *Conn) GetInterrupt() context.Context {
 	return c.interrupt
 }
@@ -322,9 +338,11 @@ func (c *Conn) GetInterrupt() context.Context {
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/interrupt.html
 func (c *Conn) SetInterrupt(ctx context.Context) (old context.Context) {
-	// Is it the same context?
-	if ctx == c.interrupt {
-		return ctx
+	old = c.interrupt
+	c.interrupt = ctx
+
+	if ctx == old || ctx.Done() == old.Done() {
+		return old
 	}
 
 	// A busy SQL statement prevents SQLite from ignoring an interrupt
@@ -333,32 +351,29 @@ func (c *Conn) SetInterrupt(ctx context.Context) (old context.Context) {
 		defer c.arena.mark()()
 		stmtPtr := c.arena.new(ptrlen)
 		loopPtr := c.arena.string(`WITH RECURSIVE c(x) AS (VALUES(0) UNION ALL SELECT x FROM c) SELECT x FROM c`)
-		c.call("sqlite3_prepare_v3", uint64(c.handle), uint64(loopPtr), math.MaxUint64, 0, uint64(stmtPtr), 0)
+		c.call("sqlite3_prepare_v3", uint64(c.handle), uint64(loopPtr), math.MaxUint64,
+			uint64(PREPARE_PERSISTENT), uint64(stmtPtr), 0)
 		c.pending = &Stmt{c: c}
 		c.pending.handle = util.ReadUint32(c.mod, stmtPtr)
 	}
 
-	old = c.interrupt
-	c.interrupt = ctx
-
-	if old != nil && old.Done() != nil && (ctx == nil || ctx.Err() == nil) {
+	if old.Done() != nil && ctx.Err() == nil {
 		c.pending.Reset()
 	}
-	if ctx != nil && ctx.Done() != nil {
+	if ctx.Done() != nil {
 		c.pending.Step()
 	}
 	return old
 }
 
-func (c *Conn) checkInterrupt() {
-	if c.interrupt != nil && c.interrupt.Err() != nil {
-		c.call("sqlite3_interrupt", uint64(c.handle))
+func (c *Conn) checkInterrupt(handle uint32) {
+	if c.interrupt.Err() != nil {
+		c.call("sqlite3_interrupt", uint64(handle))
 	}
 }
 
-func progressCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pDB uint32) (interrupt uint32) {
-	if c, ok := ctx.Value(connKey{}).(*Conn); ok && c.handle == pDB &&
-		c.interrupt != nil && c.interrupt.Err() != nil {
+func progressCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, _ uint32) (interrupt uint32) {
+	if c, ok := ctx.Value(connKey{}).(*Conn); ok && c.interrupt.Err() != nil {
 		interrupt = 1
 	}
 	return interrupt
@@ -373,9 +388,8 @@ func (c *Conn) BusyTimeout(timeout time.Duration) error {
 	return c.error(r)
 }
 
-func timeoutCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pDB uint32, count, tmout int32) (retry uint32) {
-	if c, ok := ctx.Value(connKey{}).(*Conn); ok &&
-		(c.interrupt == nil || c.interrupt.Err() == nil) {
+func timeoutCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, count, tmout int32) (retry uint32) {
+	if c, ok := ctx.Value(connKey{}).(*Conn); ok && c.interrupt.Err() == nil {
 		const delays = "\x01\x02\x05\x0a\x0f\x14\x19\x19\x19\x32\x32\x64"
 		const totals = "\x00\x01\x03\x08\x12\x21\x35\x4e\x67\x80\xb2\xe4"
 		const ndelay = int32(len(delays) - 1)
@@ -391,7 +405,7 @@ func timeoutCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pDB uint32, count, tmo
 
 		if delay = min(delay, tmout-prior); delay > 0 {
 			delay := time.Duration(delay) * time.Millisecond
-			if c.interrupt == nil || c.interrupt.Done() == nil {
+			if c.interrupt.Done() == nil {
 				time.Sleep(delay)
 				return 1
 			}
@@ -414,7 +428,7 @@ func timeoutCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pDB uint32, count, tmo
 // BusyHandler registers a callback to handle [BUSY] errors.
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/busy_handler.html
-func (c *Conn) BusyHandler(cb func(count int) (retry bool)) error {
+func (c *Conn) BusyHandler(cb func(ctx context.Context, count int) (retry bool)) error {
 	var enable uint64
 	if cb != nil {
 		enable = 1
@@ -428,9 +442,12 @@ func (c *Conn) BusyHandler(cb func(count int) (retry bool)) error {
 }
 
 func busyCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pDB uint32, count int32) (retry uint32) {
-	if c, ok := ctx.Value(connKey{}).(*Conn); ok && c.handle == pDB && c.busy != nil &&
-		(c.interrupt == nil || c.interrupt.Err() == nil) {
-		if c.busy(int(count)) {
+	if c, ok := ctx.Value(connKey{}).(*Conn); ok && c.handle == pDB && c.busy != nil {
+		interrupt := c.interrupt
+		if interrupt == nil {
+			interrupt = context.Background()
+		}
+		if interrupt.Err() == nil && c.busy(interrupt, int(count)) {
 			retry = 1
 		}
 	}
@@ -442,8 +459,8 @@ func busyCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pDB uint32, count int32)
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/db_status.html
 func (c *Conn) Status(op DBStatus, reset bool) (current, highwater int, err error) {
 	defer c.arena.mark()()
-	hiPtr := c.arena.new(4)
-	curPtr := c.arena.new(4)
+	hiPtr := c.arena.new(intlen)
+	curPtr := c.arena.new(intlen)
 
 	var i uint64
 	if reset {
@@ -469,8 +486,8 @@ func (c *Conn) TableColumnMetadata(schema, table, column string) (declType, coll
 	declTypePtr := c.arena.new(ptrlen)
 	collSeqPtr := c.arena.new(ptrlen)
 	notNullPtr := c.arena.new(ptrlen)
-	primaryKeyPtr := c.arena.new(ptrlen)
 	autoIncPtr := c.arena.new(ptrlen)
+	primaryKeyPtr := c.arena.new(ptrlen)
 	if schema != "" {
 		schemaPtr = c.arena.string(schema)
 	}
@@ -484,8 +501,12 @@ func (c *Conn) TableColumnMetadata(schema, table, column string) (declType, coll
 		uint64(declTypePtr), uint64(collSeqPtr),
 		uint64(notNullPtr), uint64(primaryKeyPtr), uint64(autoIncPtr))
 	if err = c.error(r); err == nil && column != "" {
-		declType = util.ReadString(c.mod, util.ReadUint32(c.mod, declTypePtr), _MAX_NAME)
-		collSeq = util.ReadString(c.mod, util.ReadUint32(c.mod, collSeqPtr), _MAX_NAME)
+		if ptr := util.ReadUint32(c.mod, declTypePtr); ptr != 0 {
+			declType = util.ReadString(c.mod, ptr, _MAX_NAME)
+		}
+		if ptr := util.ReadUint32(c.mod, collSeqPtr); ptr != 0 {
+			collSeq = util.ReadString(c.mod, ptr, _MAX_NAME)
+		}
 		notNull = util.ReadUint32(c.mod, notNullPtr) != 0
 		autoInc = util.ReadUint32(c.mod, autoIncPtr) != 0
 		primaryKey = util.ReadUint32(c.mod, primaryKeyPtr) != 0
@@ -504,10 +525,3 @@ func (c *Conn) stmtsIter(yield func(*Stmt) bool) {
 		}
 	}
 }
-
-// DriverConn is implemented by the SQLite [database/sql] driver connection.
-//
-// Deprecated: use [github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver.Conn] instead.
-type DriverConn interface {
-	Raw() *Conn
-}

conn_iter.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-//go:build (go1.23 || goexperiment.rangefunc) && !vet
+//go:build go1.23
 
 package sqlite3
 

conn_old.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-//go:build !(go1.23 || goexperiment.rangefunc) || vet
+//go:build !go1.23
 
 package sqlite3
 

const.go

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ const (
 	_MAX_FUNCTION_ARG = 100
 
 	ptrlen = 4
+	intlen = 4
 )
 
 // ErrorCode is a result code that [Error.Code] might return.
@@ -177,6 +178,7 @@ const (
 	DETERMINISTIC FunctionFlag = 0x000000800
 	DIRECTONLY    FunctionFlag = 0x000080000
 	INNOCUOUS     FunctionFlag = 0x000200000
+	SELFORDER1    FunctionFlag = 0x002000000
 	// SUBTYPE        FunctionFlag = 0x000100000
 	// RESULT_SUBTYPE FunctionFlag = 0x001000000
 )
@@ -245,6 +247,7 @@ const (
 	DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA        DBConfig = 1017
 	DBCONFIG_STMT_SCANSTATUS       DBConfig = 1018
 	DBCONFIG_REVERSE_SCANORDER     DBConfig = 1019
+	// DBCONFIG_MAX                DBConfig = 1019
 )
 
 // FcntlOpcode are the available opcodes for [Conn.FileControl].

context.go

@@ -89,6 +89,7 @@ func (ctx Context) ResultText(value string) {
 }
 
 // ResultRawText sets the text result of the function to a []byte.
+// Returning a nil slice is the same as calling [Context.ResultNull].
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/result_blob.html
 func (ctx Context) ResultRawText(value []byte) {

driver/driver.go

@@ -40,14 +40,14 @@
 // When using a custom time struct, you'll have to implement
 // [database/sql/driver.Valuer] and [database/sql.Scanner].
 //
-// The Value method should ideally serialise to a time [format] supported by SQLite.
+// The Value method should ideally encode to a time [format] supported by SQLite.
 // This ensures SQL date and time functions work as they should,
 // and that your schema works with other SQLite tools.
 // [sqlite3.TimeFormat.Encode] may help.
 //
 // The Scan method needs to take into account that the value it receives can be of differing types.
 // It can already be a [time.Time], if the driver decoded the value according to "_timefmt" rules.
-// Or it can be a: string, int64, float64, []byte, nil,
+// Or it can be a: string, int64, float64, []byte, or nil,
 // depending on the column type and what whoever wrote the value.
 // [sqlite3.TimeFormat.Decode] may help.
 //
@@ -81,6 +81,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"net/url"
+	"reflect"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 	"unsafe"
@@ -107,17 +108,17 @@ func init() {
 // The second callback is called before the driver closes a connection.
 // The [sqlite3.Conn] can be used to execute queries, register functions, etc.
 func Open(dataSourceName string, fn ...func(*sqlite3.Conn) error) (*sql.DB, error) {
-	var drv SQLite
 	if len(fn) > 2 {
 		return nil, sqlite3.MISUSE
 	}
+	var init, term func(*sqlite3.Conn) error
 	if len(fn) > 1 {
-		drv.term = fn[1]
+		term = fn[1]
 	}
 	if len(fn) > 0 {
-		drv.init = fn[0]
+		init = fn[0]
 	}
-	c, err := drv.OpenConnector(dataSourceName)
+	c, err := newConnector(dataSourceName, init, term)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -125,10 +126,7 @@ func Open(dataSourceName string, fn ...func(*sqlite3.Conn) error) (*sql.DB, erro
 }
 
 // SQLite implements [database/sql/driver.Driver].
-type SQLite struct {
-	init func(*sqlite3.Conn) error
-	term func(*sqlite3.Conn) error
-}
+type SQLite struct{}
 
 var (
 	// Ensure these interfaces are implemented:
@@ -137,7 +135,7 @@ var (
 
 // Open implements [database/sql/driver.Driver].
 func (d *SQLite) Open(name string) (driver.Conn, error) {
-	c, err := d.newConnector(name)
+	c, err := newConnector(name, nil, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -146,11 +144,11 @@ func (d *SQLite) Open(name string) (driver.Conn, error) {
 
 // OpenConnector implements [database/sql/driver.DriverContext].
 func (d *SQLite) OpenConnector(name string) (driver.Connector, error) {
-	return d.newConnector(name)
+	return newConnector(name, nil, nil)
 }
 
-func (d *SQLite) newConnector(name string) (*connector, error) {
-	c := connector{driver: d, name: name}
+func newConnector(name string, init, term func(*sqlite3.Conn) error) (*connector, error) {
+	c := connector{name: name, init: init, term: term}
 
 	var txlock, timefmt string
 	if strings.HasPrefix(name, "file:") {
@@ -190,7 +188,8 @@ func (d *SQLite) newConnector(name string) (*connector, error) {
 }
 
 type connector struct {
-	driver  *SQLite
+	init    func(*sqlite3.Conn) error
+	term    func(*sqlite3.Conn) error
 	name    string
 	txLock  string
 	tmRead  sqlite3.TimeFormat
@@ -199,22 +198,22 @@ type connector struct {
 }
 
 func (n *connector) Driver() driver.Driver {
-	return n.driver
+	return &SQLite{}
 }
 
-func (n *connector) Connect(ctx context.Context) (_ driver.Conn, err error) {
+func (n *connector) Connect(ctx context.Context) (res driver.Conn, err error) {
 	c := &conn{
 		txLock:  n.txLock,
 		tmRead:  n.tmRead,
 		tmWrite: n.tmWrite,
 	}
 
-	c.Conn, err = sqlite3.Open(n.name)
+	c.Conn, err = sqlite3.OpenContext(ctx, n.name)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	defer func() {
-		if err != nil {
+		if res == nil {
 			c.Close()
 		}
 	}()
@@ -228,17 +227,18 @@ func (n *connector) Connect(ctx context.Context) (_ driver.Conn, err error) {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 	}
-	if n.driver.init != nil {
-		err = n.driver.init(c.Conn)
+	if n.init != nil {
+		err = n.init(c.Conn)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 	}
-	if n.pragmas || n.driver.init != nil {
+	if n.pragmas || n.init != nil {
 		s, _, err := c.Conn.Prepare(`PRAGMA query_only`)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
+		defer s.Close()
 		if s.Step() && s.ColumnBool(0) {
 			c.readOnly = '1'
 		} else {
@@ -249,9 +249,9 @@ func (n *connector) Connect(ctx context.Context) (_ driver.Conn, err error) {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 	}
-	if n.driver.term != nil {
+	if n.term != nil {
 		err = c.Conn.Trace(sqlite3.TRACE_CLOSE, func(sqlite3.TraceEvent, any, any) error {
-			return n.driver.term(c.Conn)
+			return n.term(c.Conn)
 		})
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
@@ -287,6 +287,8 @@ func (n *connector) Connect(ctx context.Context) (_ driver.Conn, err error) {
 type Conn interface {
 	Raw() *sqlite3.Conn
 	driver.Conn
+	driver.ConnBeginTx
+	driver.ConnPrepareContext
 }
 
 type conn struct {
@@ -300,10 +302,8 @@ type conn struct {
 
 var (
 	// Ensure these interfaces are implemented:
-	_ Conn                      = &conn{}
-	_ driver.ConnBeginTx        = &conn{}
-	_ driver.ConnPrepareContext = &conn{}
-	_ driver.ExecerContext      = &conn{}
+	_ Conn                 = &conn{}
+	_ driver.ExecerContext = &conn{}
 )
 
 func (c *conn) Raw() *sqlite3.Conn {
@@ -466,6 +466,7 @@ func (s *stmt) ExecContext(ctx context.Context, args []driver.NamedValue) (drive
 	defer s.Stmt.Conn().SetInterrupt(old)
 
 	err = s.Stmt.Exec()
+	s.Stmt.ClearBindings()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -488,7 +489,7 @@ func (s *stmt) setupBindings(args []driver.NamedValue) (err error) {
 		if arg.Name == "" {
 			ids = append(ids, arg.Ordinal)
 		} else {
-			for _, prefix := range []string{":", "@", "$"} {
+			for _, prefix := range [...]string{":", "@", "$"} {
 				if id := s.Stmt.BindIndex(prefix + arg.Name); id != 0 {
 					ids = append(ids, id)
 				}
@@ -522,9 +523,9 @@ func (s *stmt) setupBindings(args []driver.NamedValue) (err error) {
 			default:
 				panic(util.AssertErr())
 			}
-		}
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
 		}
 	}
 	return nil
@@ -579,8 +580,22 @@ type rows struct {
 	names []string
 	types []string
 	nulls []bool
+	scans []scantype
 }
 
+type scantype byte
+
+const (
+	_ANY  scantype = iota
+	_INT  scantype = scantype(sqlite3.INTEGER)
+	_REAL scantype = scantype(sqlite3.FLOAT)
+	_TEXT scantype = scantype(sqlite3.TEXT)
+	_BLOB scantype = scantype(sqlite3.BLOB)
+	_NULL scantype = scantype(sqlite3.NULL)
+	_BOOL scantype = iota
+	_TIME
+)
+
 var (
 	// Ensure these interfaces are implemented:
 	_ driver.RowsColumnTypeDatabaseTypeName = &rows{}
@@ -595,43 +610,68 @@ func (r *rows) Close() error {
 func (r *rows) Columns() []string {
 	if r.names == nil {
 		count := r.Stmt.ColumnCount()
-		r.names = make([]string, count)
-		for i := range r.names {
-			r.names[i] = r.Stmt.ColumnName(i)
+		names := make([]string, count)
+		for i := range names {
+			names[i] = r.Stmt.ColumnName(i)
 		}
+		r.names = names
 	}
 	return r.names
 }
 
-func (r *rows) loadTypes() {
+func (r *rows) loadColumnMetadata() {
 	if r.nulls == nil {
 		count := r.Stmt.ColumnCount()
-		r.nulls = make([]bool, count)
-		r.types = make([]string, count)
-		for i := range r.nulls {
+		nulls := make([]bool, count)
+		types := make([]string, count)
+		scans := make([]scantype, count)
+		for i := range nulls {
 			if col := r.Stmt.ColumnOriginName(i); col != "" {
-				r.types[i], _, r.nulls[i], _, _, _ = r.Stmt.Conn().TableColumnMetadata(
+				types[i], _, nulls[i], _, _, _ = r.Stmt.Conn().TableColumnMetadata(
 					r.Stmt.ColumnDatabaseName(i),
 					r.Stmt.ColumnTableName(i),
 					col)
+				types[i] = strings.ToUpper(types[i])
+				// These types are only used before we have rows,
+				// and otherwise as type hints.
+				// The first few ensure STRICT tables are strictly typed.
+				// The other two are type hints for booleans and time.
+				switch types[i] {
+				case "INT", "INTEGER":
+					scans[i] = _INT
+				case "REAL":
+					scans[i] = _REAL
+				case "TEXT":
+					scans[i] = _TEXT
+				case "BLOB":
+					scans[i] = _BLOB
+				case "BOOLEAN":
+					scans[i] = _BOOL
+				case "DATE", "TIME", "DATETIME", "TIMESTAMP":
+					scans[i] = _TIME
+				}
 			}
 		}
+		r.nulls = nulls
+		r.types = types
+		r.scans = scans
 	}
 }
 
 func (r *rows) declType(index int) string {
 	if r.types == nil {
 		count := r.Stmt.ColumnCount()
-		r.types = make([]string, count)
-		for i := range r.types {
-			r.types[i] = strings.ToUpper(r.Stmt.ColumnDeclType(i))
+		types := make([]string, count)
+		for i := range types {
+			types[i] = strings.ToUpper(r.Stmt.ColumnDeclType(i))
 		}
+		r.types = types
 	}
 	return r.types[index]
 }
 
 func (r *rows) ColumnTypeDatabaseTypeName(index int) string {
-	r.loadTypes()
+	r.loadColumnMetadata()
 	decltype := r.types[index]
 	if len := len(decltype); len > 0 && decltype[len-1] == ')' {
 		if i := strings.LastIndexByte(decltype, '('); i >= 0 {
@@ -642,13 +682,57 @@ func (r *rows) ColumnTypeDatabaseTypeName(index int) string {
 }
 
 func (r *rows) ColumnTypeNullable(index int) (nullable, ok bool) {
-	r.loadTypes()
+	r.loadColumnMetadata()
 	if r.nulls[index] {
 		return false, true
 	}
 	return true, false
 }
 
+func (r *rows) ColumnTypeScanType(index int) (typ reflect.Type) {
+	r.loadColumnMetadata()
+	scan := r.scans[index]
+
+	if r.Stmt.Busy() {
+		// SQLite is dynamically typed and we now have a row.
+		// Always use the type of the value itself,
+		// unless the scan type is more specific
+		// and can scan the actual value.
+		val := scantype(r.Stmt.ColumnType(index))
+		useValType := true
+		switch {
+		case scan == _TIME && val != _BLOB && val != _NULL:
+			t := r.Stmt.ColumnTime(index, r.tmRead)
+			useValType = t == time.Time{}
+		case scan == _BOOL && val == _INT:
+			i := r.Stmt.ColumnInt64(index)
+			useValType = i != 0 && i != 1
+		case scan == _BLOB && val == _NULL:
+			useValType = false
+		}
+		if useValType {
+			scan = val
+		}
+	}
+
+	switch scan {
+	case _INT:
+		return reflect.TypeOf(int64(0))
+	case _REAL:
+		return reflect.TypeOf(float64(0))
+	case _TEXT:
+		return reflect.TypeOf("")
+	case _BLOB:
+		return reflect.TypeOf([]byte{})
+	case _BOOL:
+		return reflect.TypeOf(false)
+	case _TIME:
+		return reflect.TypeOf(time.Time{})
+	default:
+		return reflect.TypeOf((*any)(nil)).Elem()
+	}
+}
+
 func (r *rows) Next(dest []driver.Value) error {
 	old := r.Stmt.Conn().SetInterrupt(r.ctx)
 	defer r.Stmt.Conn().SetInterrupt(old)
@@ -661,31 +745,27 @@ func (r *rows) Next(dest []driver.Value) error {
 	}
 
 	data := unsafe.Slice((*any)(unsafe.SliceData(dest)), len(dest))
-	err := r.Stmt.Columns(data)
+	err := r.Stmt.Columns(data...)
 	for i := range dest {
 		if t, ok := r.decodeTime(i, dest[i]); ok {
 			dest[i] = t
-			continue
-		}
-		if s, ok := dest[i].(string); ok {
-			t, ok := maybeTime(s)
-			if ok {
-				dest[i] = t
-			}
 		}
 	}
 	return err
 }
 
 func (r *rows) decodeTime(i int, v any) (_ time.Time, ok bool) {
-	switch r.tmRead {
-	case sqlite3.TimeFormatDefault, time.RFC3339Nano:
-		// handled by maybeTime
-		return
-	}
-	switch v.(type) {
-	case int64, float64, string:
+	switch v := v.(type) {
+	case int64, float64:
 		// could be a time value
+	case string:
+		if r.tmWrite != "" && r.tmWrite != time.RFC3339 && r.tmWrite != time.RFC3339Nano {
+			break
+		}
+		t, ok := maybeTime(v)
+		if ok {
+			return t, true
+		}
 	default:
 		return
 	}

driver/driver_test.go

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"math"
 	"net/url"
+	"reflect"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
@@ -365,3 +366,104 @@ func Test_time(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+func Test_ColumnType_ScanType(t *testing.T) {
+	var (
+		INT  = reflect.TypeOf(int64(0))
+		REAL = reflect.TypeOf(float64(0))
+		TEXT = reflect.TypeOf("")
+		BLOB = reflect.TypeOf([]byte{})
+		BOOL = reflect.TypeOf(false)
+		TIME = reflect.TypeOf(time.Time{})
+		ANY  = reflect.TypeOf((*any)(nil)).Elem()
+	)
+
+	t.Parallel()
+	tmp := memdb.TestDB(t)
+
+	db, err := sql.Open("sqlite3", tmp)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	_, err = db.Exec(`
+		CREATE TABLE test (
+			col_int  INTEGER,
+			col_real REAL,
+			col_text TEXT,
+			col_blob BLOB,
+			col_bool BOOLEAN,
+			col_time DATETIME,
+			col_decimal DECIMAL
+		);
+		INSERT INTO test VALUES
+			(1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1),
+			(2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0),
+			('1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1'),
+			('x', 'x', 'x', 'x', 'x', 'x', 'x'),
+			(x'', x'', x'', x'', x'', x'', x''),
+			('2006-01-02T15:04:05Z', '2006-01-02T15:04:05Z', '2006-01-02T15:04:05Z', '2006-01-02T15:04:05Z',
+			 '2006-01-02T15:04:05Z', '2006-01-02T15:04:05Z', '2006-01-02T15:04:05Z'),
+			(TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE),
+			(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+	`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	rows, err := db.Query(`SELECT * FROM test`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+
+	cols, err := rows.ColumnTypes()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	want := [][]reflect.Type{
+		{INT, REAL, TEXT, BLOB, BOOL, TIME, ANY},
+		{INT, REAL, TEXT, INT, BOOL, TIME, INT},
+		{INT, REAL, TEXT, REAL, INT, TIME, INT},
+		{INT, REAL, TEXT, TEXT, BOOL, TIME, INT},
+		{TEXT, TEXT, TEXT, TEXT, TEXT, TEXT, TEXT},
+		{BLOB, BLOB, BLOB, BLOB, BLOB, BLOB, BLOB},
+		{TEXT, TEXT, TEXT, TEXT, TEXT, TIME, TEXT},
+		{INT, REAL, TEXT, INT, BOOL, TIME, INT},
+		{ANY, ANY, ANY, BLOB, ANY, ANY, ANY},
+	}
+	for j, c := range cols {
+		got := c.ScanType()
+		if got != want[0][j] {
+			t.Errorf("want %v, got %v, at column %d", want[0][j], got, j)
+		}
+	}
+
+	dest := make([]any, len(cols))
+	for i := 1; rows.Next(); i++ {
+		cols, err := rows.ColumnTypes()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		for j, c := range cols {
+			got := c.ScanType()
+			if got != want[i][j] {
+				t.Errorf("want %v, got %v, at row %d column %d", want[i][j], got, i, j)
+			}
+			dest[j] = reflect.New(got).Interface()
+		}
+
+		err = rows.Scan(dest...)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Error(err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	err = rows.Err()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}

driver/example2_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+//go:build linux || darwin || windows || freebsd || openbsd || netbsd || dragonfly || illumos || sqlite3_flock || sqlite3_dotlk
+
+package driver_test
+
+// Adapted from: https://go.dev/doc/tutorial/database-access
+
+import (
+	"database/sql"
+	"database/sql/driver"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver"
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed"
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs/memdb"
+)
+
+func Example_customTime() {
+	db, err := sql.Open("sqlite3", "file:/time.db?vfs=memdb")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	_, err = db.Exec(`
+		CREATE TABLE data (
+			id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
+			date_time TEXT
+		) STRICT;
+	`)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// This one will be returned as string to [sql.Scanner] because it doesn't
+	// pass the driver's round-trip test when it tries to figure out if it's
+	// a time. 2009-11-17T20:34:58.650Z goes in, but parsing and formatting
+	// it with [time.RFC3338Nano] results in 2009-11-17T20:34:58.65Z. Though
+	// the times are identical, the trailing zero is lost in the string
+	// representation so the driver considers the conversion unsuccessful.
+	c1 := CustomTime{time.Date(
+		2009, 11, 17, 20, 34, 58, 650000000, time.UTC)}
+
+	// Store our custom time in the database.
+	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO data (date_time) VALUES(?)`, c1)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	var strc1 string
+	// Retrieve it as a string, the result of Value().
+	err = db.QueryRow(`
+		SELECT date_time
+		FROM data
+		WHERE id = last_insert_rowid()
+	`).Scan(&strc1)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	fmt.Println("in db:", strc1)
+
+	var resc1 CustomTime
+	// Retrieve it as our custom time type, going through Scan().
+	err = db.QueryRow(`
+		SELECT date_time
+		FROM data
+		WHERE id = last_insert_rowid()
+	`).Scan(&resc1)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	fmt.Println("custom time:", resc1)
+
+	// This one will be returned as [time.Time] to [sql.Scanner] because it does
+	// pass the driver's round-trip test when it tries to figure out if it's
+	// a time. 2009-11-17T20:34:58.651Z goes in, and parsing and formatting
+	// it with [time.RFC3339Nano] results in 2009-11-17T20:34:58.651Z.
+	c2 := CustomTime{time.Date(
+		2009, 11, 17, 20, 34, 58, 651000000, time.UTC)}
+	// Store our custom time in the database.
+	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO data (date_time) VALUES(?)`, c2)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	var strc2 string
+	// Retrieve it as a string, the result of Value().
+	err = db.QueryRow(`
+		SELECT date_time
+		FROM data
+		WHERE id = last_insert_rowid()
+	`).Scan(&strc2)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	fmt.Println("in db:", strc2)
+
+	var resc2 CustomTime
+	// Retrieve it as our custom time type, going through Scan().
+	err = db.QueryRow(`
+		SELECT date_time
+		FROM data
+		WHERE id = last_insert_rowid()
+	`).Scan(&resc2)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	fmt.Println("custom time:", resc2)
+	// Output:
+	// in db: 2009-11-17T20:34:58.650Z
+	// scan type string: 2009-11-17T20:34:58.650Z
+	// custom time: 2009-11-17 20:34:58.65 +0000 UTC
+	// in db: 2009-11-17T20:34:58.651Z
+	// scan type time: 2009-11-17 20:34:58.651 +0000 UTC
+	// custom time: 2009-11-17 20:34:58.651 +0000 UTC
+}
+
+type CustomTime struct{ time.Time }
+
+func (c CustomTime) Value() (driver.Value, error) {
+	return sqlite3.TimeFormat7TZ.Encode(c.UTC()), nil
+}
+
+func (c *CustomTime) Scan(value any) error {
+	switch v := value.(type) {
+	case nil:
+		*c = CustomTime{time.Time{}}
+	case time.Time:
+		fmt.Println("scan type time:", v)
+		*c = CustomTime{v}
+	case string:
+		fmt.Println("scan type string:", v)
+		t, err := sqlite3.TimeFormat7TZ.Decode(v)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		*c = CustomTime{t}
+	default:
+		panic("unsupported value type")
+	}
+	return nil
+}

driver/example_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-//go:build (linux || darwin || windows || freebsd || openbsd || netbsd || dragonfly || illumos || sqlite3_flock) && !sqlite3_nosys
+//go:build linux || darwin || windows || freebsd || openbsd || netbsd || dragonfly || illumos || sqlite3_flock || sqlite3_dotlk
 
 package driver_test
 
@@ -6,13 +6,10 @@ package driver_test
 
 import (
 	"database/sql"
-	"database/sql/driver"
 	"fmt"
 	"log"
 	"os"
-	"time"
 
-	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
 	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver"
 	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed"
 	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs/memdb"
@@ -153,129 +150,3 @@ func addAlbum(alb Album) (int64, error) {
 	}
 	return id, nil
 }
-
-func Example_customTime() {
-	db, err := sql.Open("sqlite3", "file:/time.db?vfs=memdb")
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	defer db.Close()
-
-	_, err = db.Exec(`
-		CREATE TABLE data (
-			id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
-			date_time TEXT
-		) STRICT;
-	`)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	// This one will be returned as string to [sql.Scanner] because it doesn't
-	// pass the driver's round-trip test when it tries to figure out if it's
-	// a time. 2009-11-17T20:34:58.650Z goes in, but parsing and formatting
-	// it with [time.RFC3338Nano] results in 2009-11-17T20:34:58.65Z. Though
-	// the times are identical, the trailing zero is lost in the string
-	// representation so the driver considers the conversion unsuccessful.
-	c1 := CustomTime{time.Date(
-		2009, 11, 17, 20, 34, 58, 650000000, time.UTC)}
-
-	// Store our custom time in the database.
-	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO data (date_time) VALUES(?)`, c1)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	var strc1 string
-	// Retrieve it as a string, the result of Value().
-	err = db.QueryRow(`
-		SELECT date_time
-		FROM data
-		WHERE id = last_insert_rowid()
-	`).Scan(&strc1)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	fmt.Println("in db:", strc1)
-
-	var resc1 CustomTime
-	// Retrieve it as our custom time type, going through Scan().
-	err = db.QueryRow(`
-		SELECT date_time
-		FROM data
-		WHERE id = last_insert_rowid()
-	`).Scan(&resc1)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	fmt.Println("custom time:", resc1)
-
-	// This one will be returned as [time.Time] to [sql.Scanner] because it does
-	// pass the driver's round-trip test when it tries to figure out if it's
-	// a time. 2009-11-17T20:34:58.651Z goes in, and parsing and formatting
-	// it with [time.RFC3339Nano] results in 2009-11-17T20:34:58.651Z.
-	c2 := CustomTime{time.Date(
-		2009, 11, 17, 20, 34, 58, 651000000, time.UTC)}
-	// Store our custom time in the database.
-	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO data (date_time) VALUES(?)`, c2)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	var strc2 string
-	// Retrieve it as a string, the result of Value().
-	err = db.QueryRow(`
-		SELECT date_time
-		FROM data
-		WHERE id = last_insert_rowid()
-	`).Scan(&strc2)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	fmt.Println("in db:", strc2)
-
-	var resc2 CustomTime
-	// Retrieve it as our custom time type, going through Scan().
-	err = db.QueryRow(`
-		SELECT date_time
-		FROM data
-		WHERE id = last_insert_rowid()
-	`).Scan(&resc2)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	fmt.Println("custom time:", resc2)
-	// Output:
-	// in db: 2009-11-17T20:34:58.650Z
-	// scan type string: 2009-11-17T20:34:58.650Z
-	// custom time: 2009-11-17 20:34:58.65 +0000 UTC
-	// in db: 2009-11-17T20:34:58.651Z
-	// scan type time: 2009-11-17 20:34:58.651 +0000 UTC
-	// custom time: 2009-11-17 20:34:58.651 +0000 UTC
-}
-
-type CustomTime struct{ time.Time }
-
-func (c CustomTime) Value() (driver.Value, error) {
-	return sqlite3.TimeFormat7TZ.Encode(c.UTC()), nil
-}
-
-func (c *CustomTime) Scan(value any) error {
-	switch v := value.(type) {
-	case nil:
-		*c = CustomTime{time.Time{}}
-	case time.Time:
-		fmt.Println("scan type time:", v)
-		*c = CustomTime{v}
-	case string:
-		fmt.Println("scan type string:", v)
-		t, err := sqlite3.TimeFormat7TZ.Decode(v)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		*c = CustomTime{t}
-	default:
-		panic("unsupported value type")
-	}
-	return nil
-}

driver/time.go

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 package driver
 
-import (
-	"time"
-)
+import "time"
 
 // Convert a string in [time.RFC3339Nano] format into a [time.Time]
 // if it roundtrips back to the same string.

embed/README.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Embeddable Wasm build of SQLite
 
-This folder includes an embeddable Wasm build of SQLite 3.46.1 for use with
+This folder includes an embeddable Wasm build of SQLite 3.47.2 for use with
 [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3).
 
 The following optional features are compiled in:
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ The following optional features are compiled in:
 - [JSON](https://sqlite.org/json1.html)
 - [R*Tree](https://sqlite.org/rtree.html)
 - [GeoPoly](https://sqlite.org/geopoly.html)
+- [Spellfix1](https://sqlite.org/spellfix1.html)
 - [soundex](https://sqlite.org/lang_corefunc.html#soundex)
 - [stat4](https://sqlite.org/compile.html#enable_stat4)
 - [base64](https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/blob/master/ext/misc/base64.c)
@@ -35,6 +36,6 @@ You can use your own custom build of SQLite.
 Examples of custom builds of SQLite are:
 - [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed/bcw2`](https://github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/tree/main/embed/bcw2)
   built from a branch supporting [`BEGIN CONCURRENT`](https://sqlite.org/src/doc/begin-concurrent/doc/begin_concurrent.md)
-  and [Wal2](https://www.sqlite.org/cgi/src/doc/wal2/doc/wal2.md).
+  and [Wal2](https://sqlite.org/cgi/src/doc/wal2/doc/wal2.md).
 - [`github.com/asg017/sqlite-vec-go-bindings/ncruces`](https://github.com/asg017/sqlite-vec-go-bindings)
   which includes the [`sqlite-vec`](https://github.com/asg017/sqlite-vec) vector search extension.

embed/bcw2/README.md

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 # Embeddable Wasm build of SQLite
 
-This folder includes an embeddable Wasm build of SQLite 3.46.1, including the experimental
+This folder includes an embeddable Wasm build of SQLite, including the experimental
 [`BEGIN CONCURRENT`](https://sqlite.org/src/doc/begin-concurrent/doc/begin_concurrent.md) and
-[Wal2](https://www.sqlite.org/cgi/src/doc/wal2/doc/wal2.md) patches.
+[Wal2](https://sqlite.org/cgi/src/doc/wal2/doc/wal2.md) patches.
 
 > [!IMPORTANT]  
 > This package is experimental.

embed/bcw2/bcw2_test.go

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ func Test_bcw2(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if version != "3.46.1" {
+	if version != "3.48.0" {
 		t.Error(version)
 	}
 }

embed/bcw2/build.sh

@@ -13,7 +13,8 @@ mkdir -p build/ext/
 cp "$ROOT"/sqlite3/*.[ch] build/
 cp "$ROOT"/sqlite3/*.patch build/
 
-curl -# https://www.sqlite.org/src/tarball/sqlite.tar.gz?r=bedrock-3.46 | tar xz
+# https://sqlite.org/src/info/08cfa7e8b3090151
+curl -# https://sqlite.org/src/tarball/sqlite.tar.gz?r=08cfa7e8 | tar xz
 
 cd sqlite
 if [[ "$OSTYPE" == "msys" || "$OSTYPE" == "cygwin" ]]; then
@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@ mv sqlite/ext/misc/decimal.c    build/ext/
 mv sqlite/ext/misc/ieee754.c    build/ext/
 mv sqlite/ext/misc/regexp.c     build/ext/
 mv sqlite/ext/misc/series.c     build/ext/
+mv sqlite/ext/misc/spellfix.c   build/ext/
 mv sqlite/ext/misc/uint.c       build/ext/
 
 cd build
@@ -44,7 +46,7 @@ cd ~-
 	-o bcw2.wasm "build/main.c" \
 	-I"build" \
 	-mexec-model=reactor \
-	-matomics -msimd128 -mmutable-globals \
+	-matomics -msimd128 -mmutable-globals -mmultivalue \
 	-mbulk-memory -mreference-types \
 	-mnontrapping-fptoint -msign-ext \
 	-fno-stack-protector -fno-stack-clash-protection \

embed/bcw2/go.mod

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+module github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed/bcw2
+
+go 1.21
+
+toolchain go1.23.0
+
+require github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3 v0.21.0
+
+require (
+	github.com/ncruces/julianday v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.8.2 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.28.0 // indirect
+)

embed/bcw2/go.sum

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3 v0.21.0 h1:EwKFoy1hHEopN4sFZarmi+McXdbCcbTuLixhEayXVbQ=
+github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3 v0.21.0/go.mod h1:zxMOaSG5kFYVFK4xQa0pdwIszqxqJ0W0BxBgwdrNjuA=
+github.com/ncruces/julianday v1.0.0 h1:fH0OKwa7NWvniGQtxdJRxAgkBMolni2BjDHaWTxqt7M=
+github.com/ncruces/julianday v1.0.0/go.mod h1:Dusn2KvZrrovOMJuOt0TNXL6tB7U2E8kvza5fFc9G7g=
+github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.8.2 h1:yIgLR/b2bN31bjxwXHD8a3d+BogigR952csSDdLYEv4=
+github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.8.2/go.mod h1:yAI0XTsMBhREkM/YDAK/zNou3GoiAce1P6+rp/wQhjs=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.28.0 h1:Fksou7UEQUWlKvIdsqzJmUmCX3cZuD2+P3XyyzwMhlA=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.28.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
+golang.org/x/text v0.21.0 h1:zyQAAkrwaneQ066sspRyJaG9VNi/YJ1NfzcGB3hZ/qo=
+golang.org/x/text v0.21.0/go.mod h1:4IBbMaMmOPCJ8SecivzSH54+73PCFmPWxNTLm+vZkEQ=

embed/bcw2/init.go

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 //	import _ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed/bcw2"
 //
 // [BEGIN CONCURRENT]: https://sqlite.org/src/doc/begin-concurrent/doc/begin_concurrent.md
-// [Wal2]: https://www.sqlite.org/cgi/src/doc/wal2/doc/wal2.md
+// [Wal2]: https://sqlite.org/cgi/src/doc/wal2/doc/wal2.md
 package bcw2
 
 import (

embed/build.sh

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ trap 'rm -f sqlite3.tmp' EXIT
 	-o sqlite3.wasm "$ROOT/sqlite3/main.c" \
 	-I"$ROOT/sqlite3" \
 	-mexec-model=reactor \
-	-matomics -msimd128 -mmutable-globals \
+	-matomics -msimd128 -mmutable-globals -mmultivalue \
 	-mbulk-memory -mreference-types \
 	-mnontrapping-fptoint -msign-ext \
 	-fno-stack-protector -fno-stack-clash-protection \

embed/exports.txt

@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ sqlite3_create_collation_go
 sqlite3_create_function_go
 sqlite3_create_module_go
 sqlite3_create_window_function_go
+sqlite3_data_count
 sqlite3_database_file_object
 sqlite3_db_cacheflush
 sqlite3_db_config

embed/init_test.go

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ func Test_init(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if version != "3.46.1" {
+	if version != "3.47.2" {
 		t.Error(version)
 	}
 }

error.go

@@ -106,6 +106,11 @@ func (e ErrorCode) Temporary() bool {
 	return e == BUSY
 }
 
+// ExtendedCode returns the extended error code for this error.
+func (e ErrorCode) ExtendedCode() ExtendedErrorCode {
+	return ExtendedErrorCode(e)
+}
+
 // Error implements the error interface.
 func (e ExtendedErrorCode) Error() string {
 	return util.ErrorCodeString(uint32(e))
@@ -136,6 +141,11 @@ func (e ExtendedErrorCode) Timeout() bool {
 	return e == BUSY_TIMEOUT
 }
 
+// Code returns the primary error code for this error.
+func (e ExtendedErrorCode) Code() ErrorCode {
+	return ErrorCode(e)
+}
+
 func errorCode(err error, def ErrorCode) (msg string, code uint32) {
 	switch code := err.(type) {
 	case nil:

ext/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+# Go SQLite Extensions
+
+This folder collects optional SQLite extensions
+you can load into your database connections.
+
+### Extensions
+
+- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/array`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/array)
+  provides the [`array`](https://sqlite.org/carray.html) table-valued function.
+- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/blobio`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/blobio)
+  simplifies [incremental BLOB I/O](https://sqlite.org/c3ref/blob_open.html).
+- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/bloom`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/bloom)
+  provides a [Bloom filter](https://github.com/nalgeon/sqlean/issues/27#issuecomment-1002267134) virtual table.
+- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/closure`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/closure)
+  provides a transitive closure virtual table.
+- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/csv`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/csv)
+  reads [comma-separated values](https://sqlite.org/csv.html).
+- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/fileio`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/fileio)
+  reads, writes and lists files.
+- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/hash`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/hash)
+  provides cryptographic hash functions.
+- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/lines`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/lines)
+  reads data [line-by-line](https://github.com/asg017/sqlite-lines).
+- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/pivot`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/pivot)
+  creates [pivot tables](https://github.com/jakethaw/pivot_vtab).
+- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/regexp`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/regexp)
+  provides regular expression functions.
+- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/statement`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/statement)
+  creates [parameterized views](https://github.com/0x09/sqlite-statement-vtab).
+- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/stats`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/stats)
+  provides [statistics](https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/sql-in-a/9780596155322/ch04s02.html) functions.
+- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/unicode`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/unicode)
+  provides [Unicode aware](https://sqlite.org/src/dir/ext/icu) functions.
+- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/uuid`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/uuid)
+  generates [UUIDs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universally_unique_identifier).
+- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/zorder`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/zorder)
+  maps multidimensional data to one dimension.

ext/bloom/bloom.go

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import (
 	"strconv"
 
 	"github.com/dchest/siphash"
+
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
 )
@@ -34,7 +35,7 @@ type bloom struct {
 }
 
 func create(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, schema, table string, arg ...string) (_ *bloom, err error) {
-	t := bloom{
+	b := bloom{
 		db:      db,
 		schema:  schema,
 		storage: table + "_storage",
@@ -54,30 +55,30 @@ func create(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, schema, table string, arg ...string) (_ *bloom,
 	}
 
 	if len(arg) > 1 {
-		t.prob, err = strconv.ParseFloat(arg[1], 64)
+		b.prob, err = strconv.ParseFloat(arg[1], 64)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
-		if t.prob <= 0 || t.prob >= 1 {
+		if b.prob <= 0 || b.prob >= 1 {
 			return nil, util.ErrorString("bloom: probability must be in the range (0,1)")
 		}
 	} else {
-		t.prob = 0.01
+		b.prob = 0.01
 	}
 
 	if len(arg) > 2 {
-		t.hashes, err = strconv.Atoi(arg[2])
+		b.hashes, err = strconv.Atoi(arg[2])
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
-		if t.hashes <= 0 {
+		if b.hashes <= 0 {
 			return nil, util.ErrorString("bloom: number of hash functions must be positive")
 		}
 	} else {
-		t.hashes = max(1, numHashes(t.prob))
+		b.hashes = max(1, numHashes(b.prob))
 	}
 
-	t.bytes = numBytes(nelem, t.prob)
+	b.bytes = numBytes(nelem, b.prob)
 
 	err = db.DeclareVTab(
 		`CREATE TABLE x(present, word HIDDEN NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY) WITHOUT ROWID`)
@@ -87,7 +88,7 @@ func create(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, schema, table string, arg ...string) (_ *bloom,
 
 	err = db.Exec(fmt.Sprintf(
 		`CREATE TABLE %s.%s (data BLOB, p REAL, n INTEGER, m INTEGER, k INTEGER)`,
-		sqlite3.QuoteIdentifier(t.schema), sqlite3.QuoteIdentifier(t.storage)))
+		sqlite3.QuoteIdentifier(b.schema), sqlite3.QuoteIdentifier(b.storage)))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -98,17 +99,17 @@ func create(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, schema, table string, arg ...string) (_ *bloom,
 	err = db.Exec(fmt.Sprintf(
 		`INSERT INTO %s.%s (rowid, data, p, n, m, k)
 		 VALUES (1, zeroblob(%d), %f, %d, %d, %d)`,
-		sqlite3.QuoteIdentifier(t.schema), sqlite3.QuoteIdentifier(t.storage),
-		t.bytes, t.prob, nelem, 8*t.bytes, t.hashes))
+		sqlite3.QuoteIdentifier(b.schema), sqlite3.QuoteIdentifier(b.storage),
+		b.bytes, b.prob, nelem, 8*b.bytes, b.hashes))
 	if err != nil {
-		t.Destroy()
+		b.Destroy()
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	return &t, nil
+	return &b, nil
 }
 
 func connect(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, schema, table string, arg ...string) (_ *bloom, err error) {
-	t := bloom{
+	b := bloom{
 		db:      db,
 		schema:  schema,
 		storage: table + "_storage",
@@ -122,7 +123,7 @@ func connect(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, schema, table string, arg ...string) (_ *bloom
 
 	load, _, err := db.Prepare(fmt.Sprintf(
 		`SELECT m/8, p, k FROM %s.%s WHERE rowid = 1`,
-		sqlite3.QuoteIdentifier(t.schema), sqlite3.QuoteIdentifier(t.storage)))
+		sqlite3.QuoteIdentifier(b.schema), sqlite3.QuoteIdentifier(b.storage)))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -135,10 +136,10 @@ func connect(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, schema, table string, arg ...string) (_ *bloom
 		return nil, sqlite3.CORRUPT_VTAB
 	}
 
-	t.bytes = load.ColumnInt64(0)
-	t.prob = load.ColumnFloat(1)
-	t.hashes = load.ColumnInt(2)
-	return &t, nil
+	b.bytes = load.ColumnInt64(0)
+	b.prob = load.ColumnFloat(1)
+	b.hashes = load.ColumnInt(2)
+	return &b, nil
 }
 
 func (b *bloom) Destroy() error {

ext/closure/closure.go

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
-	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/util/vtabutil"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/util/sql3util"
 )
 
 const (
@@ -39,17 +39,17 @@ func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) error {
 			)
 
 			for _, arg := range arg {
-				key, val := vtabutil.NamedArg(arg)
+				key, val := sql3util.NamedArg(arg)
 				if done.Contains(key) {
 					return nil, fmt.Errorf("transitive_closure: more than one %q parameter", key)
 				}
 				switch key {
 				case "tablename":
-					table = vtabutil.Unquote(val)
+					table = sql3util.Unquote(val)
 				case "idcolumn":
-					column = vtabutil.Unquote(val)
+					column = sql3util.Unquote(val)
 				case "parentcolumn":
-					parent = vtabutil.Unquote(val)
+					parent = sql3util.Unquote(val)
 				default:
 					return nil, fmt.Errorf("transitive_closure: unknown %q parameter", key)
 				}
@@ -92,8 +92,10 @@ func (c *closure) BestIndex(idx *sqlite3.IndexInfo) error {
 			case sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ:
 				plan |= 1
 				cost /= 100
-				idx.ConstraintUsage[i].ArgvIndex = 1
-				idx.ConstraintUsage[i].Omit = true
+				idx.ConstraintUsage[i] = sqlite3.IndexConstraintUsage{
+					ArgvIndex: 1,
+					Omit:      true,
+				}
 			}
 			continue
 		}
@@ -116,8 +118,10 @@ func (c *closure) BestIndex(idx *sqlite3.IndexInfo) error {
 				plan |= posi << 8
 				cost /= 5
 				posi += 1
-				idx.ConstraintUsage[i].ArgvIndex = posi
-				idx.ConstraintUsage[i].Omit = true
+				idx.ConstraintUsage[i] = sqlite3.IndexConstraintUsage{
+					ArgvIndex: posi,
+					Omit:      true,
+				}
 			}
 			continue
 		}
@@ -126,8 +130,10 @@ func (c *closure) BestIndex(idx *sqlite3.IndexInfo) error {
 			case sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ:
 				plan |= posi << 12
 				posi += 1
-				idx.ConstraintUsage[i].ArgvIndex = posi
-				idx.ConstraintUsage[i].Omit = true
+				idx.ConstraintUsage[i] = sqlite3.IndexConstraintUsage{
+					ArgvIndex: posi,
+					Omit:      true,
+				}
 			}
 			continue
 		}
@@ -136,8 +142,10 @@ func (c *closure) BestIndex(idx *sqlite3.IndexInfo) error {
 			case sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ:
 				plan |= posi << 16
 				posi += 1
-				idx.ConstraintUsage[i].ArgvIndex = posi
-				idx.ConstraintUsage[i].Omit = true
+				idx.ConstraintUsage[i] = sqlite3.IndexConstraintUsage{
+					ArgvIndex: posi,
+					Omit:      true,
+				}
 			}
 			continue
 		}

ext/csv/arg.go

@@ -4,8 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"strconv"
 
-	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
-	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/util/vtabutil"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/util/sql3util"
 )
 
 func uintArg(key, val string) (int, error) {
@@ -20,7 +19,7 @@ func boolArg(key, val string) (bool, error) {
 	if val == "" {
 		return true, nil
 	}
-	b, ok := util.ParseBool(val)
+	b, ok := sql3util.ParseBool(val)
 	if ok {
 		return b, nil
 	}
@@ -28,7 +27,7 @@ func boolArg(key, val string) (bool, error) {
 }
 
 func runeArg(key, val string) (rune, error) {
-	r, _, tail, err := strconv.UnquoteChar(vtabutil.Unquote(val), 0)
+	r, _, tail, err := strconv.UnquoteChar(sql3util.Unquote(val), 0)
 	if tail != "" || err != nil {
 		return 0, fmt.Errorf("csv: invalid %q parameter: %s", key, val)
 	}

ext/csv/arg_test.go

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ package csv
 import (
 	"testing"
 
-	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/util/vtabutil"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/util/sql3util"
 )
 
 func Test_uintArg(t *testing.T) {
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ func Test_uintArg(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.arg, func(t *testing.T) {
-			key, val := vtabutil.NamedArg(tt.arg)
+			key, val := sql3util.NamedArg(tt.arg)
 			if key != tt.key {
 				t.Errorf("NamedArg() %v, want err %v", key, tt.key)
 			}
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ func Test_boolArg(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.arg, func(t *testing.T) {
-			key, val := vtabutil.NamedArg(tt.arg)
+			key, val := sql3util.NamedArg(tt.arg)
 			if key != tt.key {
 				t.Errorf("NamedArg() %v, want err %v", key, tt.key)
 			}
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ func Test_runeArg(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.arg, func(t *testing.T) {
-			key, val := vtabutil.NamedArg(tt.arg)
+			key, val := sql3util.NamedArg(tt.arg)
 			if key != tt.key {
 				t.Errorf("NamedArg() %v, want err %v", key, tt.key)
 			}

ext/csv/csv.go

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/util/osutil"
-	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/util/vtabutil"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/util/sql3util"
 )
 
 // Register registers the CSV virtual table.
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) error {
 // RegisterFS registers the CSV virtual table.
 // If a filename is specified, fsys is used to open the file.
 func RegisterFS(db *sqlite3.Conn, fsys fs.FS) error {
-	declare := func(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, _, _ string, arg ...string) (_ *table, err error) {
+	declare := func(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, _, _ string, arg ...string) (res *table, err error) {
 		var (
 			filename string
 			data     string
@@ -44,17 +44,17 @@ func RegisterFS(db *sqlite3.Conn, fsys fs.FS) error {
 		)
 
 		for _, arg := range arg {
-			key, val := vtabutil.NamedArg(arg)
+			key, val := sql3util.NamedArg(arg)
 			if done.Contains(key) {
 				return nil, fmt.Errorf("csv: more than one %q parameter", key)
 			}
 			switch key {
 			case "filename":
-				filename = vtabutil.Unquote(val)
+				filename = sql3util.Unquote(val)
 			case "data":
-				data = vtabutil.Unquote(val)
+				data = sql3util.Unquote(val)
 			case "schema":
-				schema = vtabutil.Unquote(val)
+				schema = sql3util.Unquote(val)
 			case "header":
 				header, err = boolArg(key, val)
 			case "columns":
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ func RegisterFS(db *sqlite3.Conn, fsys fs.FS) error {
 			return nil, util.ErrorString(`csv: must specify either "filename" or "data" but not both`)
 		}
 
-		table := &table{
+		t := &table{
 			fsys:    fsys,
 			name:    filename,
 			data:    data,
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ func RegisterFS(db *sqlite3.Conn, fsys fs.FS) error {
 		if schema == "" {
 			var row []string
 			if header || columns < 0 {
-				csv, c, err := table.newReader()
+				csv, c, err := t.newReader()
 				defer c.Close()
 				if err != nil {
 					return nil, err
@@ -100,22 +100,20 @@ func RegisterFS(db *sqlite3.Conn, fsys fs.FS) error {
 			}
 			schema = getSchema(header, columns, row)
 		} else {
-			defer func() {
-				if err == nil {
-					table.typs, err = getColumnAffinities(schema)
-				}
-			}()
+			t.typs, err = getColumnAffinities(schema)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
 		}
 
 		err = db.DeclareVTab(schema)
+		if err == nil {
+			err = db.VTabConfig(sqlite3.VTAB_DIRECTONLY)
+		}
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
-		err = db.VTabConfig(sqlite3.VTAB_DIRECTONLY)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		return table, nil
+		return t, nil
 	}
 
 	return sqlite3.CreateModule(db, "csv", declare, declare)

ext/csv/types.go

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ package csv
 import (
 	"strings"
 
-	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/util/vtabutil"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/util/sql3util"
 )
 
 type affinity byte
@@ -17,13 +17,14 @@ const (
 )
 
 func getColumnAffinities(schema string) ([]affinity, error) {
-	tab, err := vtabutil.Parse(schema)
+	tab, err := sql3util.ParseTable(schema)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	types := make([]affinity, len(tab.Columns))
-	for i, col := range tab.Columns {
+	columns := tab.Columns
+	types := make([]affinity, len(columns))
+	for i, col := range columns {
 		types[i] = getAffinity(col.Type)
 	}
 	return types, nil

ext/fileio/coro.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-//go:build !(go1.23 || goexperiment.rangefunc) || vet
+//go:build !go1.23
 
 package fileio
 

ext/fileio/fileio.go

@@ -31,7 +31,9 @@ func RegisterFS(db *sqlite3.Conn, fsys fs.FS) error {
 		db.CreateFunction("lsmode", 1, sqlite3.DETERMINISTIC, lsmode),
 		sqlite3.CreateModule(db, "fsdir", nil, func(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, _, _ string, _ ...string) (fsdir, error) {
 			err := db.DeclareVTab(`CREATE TABLE x(name,mode,mtime TIMESTAMP,data,path HIDDEN,dir HIDDEN)`)
-			db.VTabConfig(sqlite3.VTAB_DIRECTONLY)
+			if err == nil {
+				err = db.VTabConfig(sqlite3.VTAB_DIRECTONLY)
+			}
 			return fsdir{fsys}, err
 		}))
 }

ext/fileio/fsdir_coro.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-//go:build !(go1.23 || goexperiment.rangefunc) || vet
+//go:build !go1.23
 
 package fileio
 

ext/fileio/fsdir_iter.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-//go:build (go1.23 || goexperiment.rangefunc) && !vet
+//go:build go1.23
 
 package fileio
 

ext/hash/hash.go

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ import (
 
 // Register registers cryptographic hash functions for a database connection.
 func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) error {
-	flags := sqlite3.DETERMINISTIC | sqlite3.INNOCUOUS
+	const flags = sqlite3.DETERMINISTIC | sqlite3.INNOCUOUS
 
 	var errs util.ErrorJoiner
 	if crypto.MD4.Available() {

ext/hash/hash_test.go

@@ -7,15 +7,16 @@ import (
 	_ "crypto/sha512"
 	"testing"
 
-	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver"
-	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed"
-	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/testcfg"
-	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs/memdb"
 	_ "golang.org/x/crypto/blake2b"
 	_ "golang.org/x/crypto/blake2s"
 	_ "golang.org/x/crypto/md4"
 	_ "golang.org/x/crypto/ripemd160"
 	_ "golang.org/x/crypto/sha3"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver"
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed"
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/testcfg"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs/memdb"
 )
 
 func TestRegister(t *testing.T) {

ext/lines/lines.go

@@ -39,13 +39,17 @@ func RegisterFS(db *sqlite3.Conn, fsys fs.FS) error {
 		sqlite3.CreateModule(db, "lines", nil,
 			func(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, _, _ string, _ ...string) (lines, error) {
 				err := db.DeclareVTab(`CREATE TABLE x(line TEXT, data HIDDEN)`)
-				db.VTabConfig(sqlite3.VTAB_INNOCUOUS)
+				if err == nil {
+					err = db.VTabConfig(sqlite3.VTAB_INNOCUOUS)
+				}
 				return lines{}, err
 			}),
 		sqlite3.CreateModule(db, "lines_read", nil,
 			func(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, _, _ string, _ ...string) (lines, error) {
 				err := db.DeclareVTab(`CREATE TABLE x(line TEXT, data HIDDEN)`)
-				db.VTabConfig(sqlite3.VTAB_DIRECTONLY)
+				if err == nil {
+					err = db.VTabConfig(sqlite3.VTAB_DIRECTONLY)
+				}
 				return lines{fsys}, err
 			}))
 }

ext/pivot/pivot.go

@@ -25,15 +25,15 @@ type table struct {
 	cols []*sqlite3.Value
 }
 
-func declare(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, _, _ string, arg ...string) (_ *table, err error) {
+func declare(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, _, _ string, arg ...string) (res *table, err error) {
 	if len(arg) != 3 {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("pivot: wrong number of arguments")
 	}
 
-	table := &table{db: db}
+	t := &table{db: db}
 	defer func() {
-		if err != nil {
-			table.Close()
+		if res == nil {
+			t.Close()
 		}
 	}()
 
@@ -42,17 +42,17 @@ func declare(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, _, _ string, arg ...string) (_ *table, err err
 	create.WriteString("CREATE TABLE x(")
 
 	// Row key query.
-	table.scan = "SELECT * FROM\n" + arg[0]
-	stmt, _, err := db.Prepare(table.scan)
+	t.scan = "SELECT * FROM\n" + arg[0]
+	stmt, _, err := db.Prepare(t.scan)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	defer stmt.Close()
 
-	table.keys = make([]string, stmt.ColumnCount())
-	for i := range table.keys {
+	t.keys = make([]string, stmt.ColumnCount())
+	for i := range t.keys {
 		name := sqlite3.QuoteIdentifier(stmt.ColumnName(i))
-		table.keys[i] = name
+		t.keys[i] = name
 		create.WriteString(sep)
 		create.WriteString(name)
 		sep = ","
@@ -70,15 +70,15 @@ func declare(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, _, _ string, arg ...string) (_ *table, err err
 	}
 	for stmt.Step() {
 		name := sqlite3.QuoteIdentifier(stmt.ColumnText(1))
-		table.cols = append(table.cols, stmt.ColumnValue(0).Dup())
+		t.cols = append(t.cols, stmt.ColumnValue(0).Dup())
 		create.WriteString(",")
 		create.WriteString(name)
 	}
 	stmt.Close()
 
 	// Pivot cell query.
-	table.cell = "SELECT * FROM\n" + arg[2]
-	stmt, _, err = db.Prepare(table.cell)
+	t.cell = "SELECT * FROM\n" + arg[2]
+	stmt, _, err = db.Prepare(t.cell)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -86,8 +86,8 @@ func declare(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, _, _ string, arg ...string) (_ *table, err err
 	if stmt.ColumnCount() != 1 {
 		return nil, util.ErrorString("pivot: cell query expects 1 result columns")
 	}
-	if stmt.BindCount() != len(table.keys)+1 {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("pivot: cell query expects %d bound parameters", len(table.keys)+1)
+	if stmt.BindCount() != len(t.keys)+1 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("pivot: cell query expects %d bound parameters", len(t.keys)+1)
 	}
 
 	create.WriteByte(')')
@@ -95,12 +95,12 @@ func declare(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, _, _ string, arg ...string) (_ *table, err err
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	return table, nil
+	return t, nil
 }
 
 func (t *table) Close() error {
-	for i := range t.cols {
-		t.cols[i].Close()
+	for _, c := range t.cols {
+		c.Close()
 	}
 	return nil
 }

ext/regexp/regexp.go

@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 // Package regexp provides additional regular expression functions.
 //
 // It provides the following Unicode aware functions:
-//   - regexp_like(),
-//   - regexp_substr(),
-//   - regexp_replace(),
+//   - regexp_like(text, pattern),
+//   - regexp_count(text, pattern [, start]),
+//   - regexp_instr(text, pattern [, start [, N [, endoption [, subexpr ]]]]),
+//   - regexp_substr(text, pattern [, start [, N [, subexpr ]]]),
+//   - regexp_replace(text, pattern, replacement [, start [, N ]]),
 //   - and a REGEXP operator.
 //
 // The implementation uses Go [regexp/syntax] for regular expressions.
@@ -14,18 +16,50 @@ package regexp
 import (
 	"errors"
 	"regexp"
+	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
 )
 
 // Register registers Unicode aware functions for a database connection.
 func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) error {
-	flags := sqlite3.DETERMINISTIC | sqlite3.INNOCUOUS
+	const flags = sqlite3.DETERMINISTIC | sqlite3.INNOCUOUS
 	return errors.Join(
 		db.CreateFunction("regexp", 2, flags, regex),
 		db.CreateFunction("regexp_like", 2, flags, regexLike),
+		db.CreateFunction("regexp_count", 2, flags, regexCount),
+		db.CreateFunction("regexp_count", 3, flags, regexCount),
+		db.CreateFunction("regexp_instr", 2, flags, regexInstr),
+		db.CreateFunction("regexp_instr", 3, flags, regexInstr),
+		db.CreateFunction("regexp_instr", 4, flags, regexInstr),
+		db.CreateFunction("regexp_instr", 5, flags, regexInstr),
+		db.CreateFunction("regexp_instr", 6, flags, regexInstr),
 		db.CreateFunction("regexp_substr", 2, flags, regexSubstr),
-		db.CreateFunction("regexp_replace", 3, flags, regexReplace))
+		db.CreateFunction("regexp_substr", 3, flags, regexSubstr),
+		db.CreateFunction("regexp_substr", 4, flags, regexSubstr),
+		db.CreateFunction("regexp_substr", 5, flags, regexSubstr),
+		db.CreateFunction("regexp_replace", 3, flags, regexReplace),
+		db.CreateFunction("regexp_replace", 4, flags, regexReplace),
+		db.CreateFunction("regexp_replace", 5, flags, regexReplace))
+}
+
+// GlobPrefix returns a GLOB for a regular expression
+// appropriate to take advantage of the [LIKE optimization]
+// in a query such as:
+//
+//	SELECT column WHERE column GLOB :glob_prefix AND column REGEXP :regexp
+//
+// [LIKE optimization]: https://sqlite.org/optoverview.html#the_like_optimization
+func GlobPrefix(re *regexp.Regexp) string {
+	prefix, complete := re.LiteralPrefix()
+	i := strings.IndexAny(prefix, "*?[")
+	if i < 0 {
+		if complete {
+			return prefix
+		}
+		i = len(prefix)
+	}
+	return prefix[:i] + "*"
 }
 
 func load(ctx sqlite3.Context, i int, expr string) (*regexp.Regexp, error) {
@@ -44,35 +78,163 @@ func load(ctx sqlite3.Context, i int, expr string) (*regexp.Regexp, error) {
 func regex(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
 	re, err := load(ctx, 0, arg[0].Text())
 	if err != nil {
-		ctx.ResultError(err) // notest
-	} else {
-		ctx.ResultBool(re.Match(arg[1].RawText()))
+		ctx.ResultError(err)
+		return // notest
 	}
+	text := arg[1].RawText()
+	ctx.ResultBool(re.Match(text))
 }
 
 func regexLike(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
 	re, err := load(ctx, 1, arg[1].Text())
 	if err != nil {
-		ctx.ResultError(err) // notest
-	} else {
-		ctx.ResultBool(re.Match(arg[0].RawText()))
+		ctx.ResultError(err)
+		return // notest
 	}
+
+	text := arg[0].RawText()
+	ctx.ResultBool(re.Match(text))
+}
+
+func regexCount(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	re, err := load(ctx, 1, arg[1].Text())
+	if err != nil {
+		ctx.ResultError(err)
+		return // notest
+	}
+
+	text := arg[0].RawText()
+	if len(arg) > 2 {
+		pos := arg[2].Int()
+		text = text[skip(text, pos):]
+	}
+	ctx.ResultInt(len(re.FindAll(text, -1)))
 }
 
 func regexSubstr(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
 	re, err := load(ctx, 1, arg[1].Text())
 	if err != nil {
-		ctx.ResultError(err) // notest
-	} else {
-		ctx.ResultRawText(re.Find(arg[0].RawText()))
+		ctx.ResultError(err)
+		return // notest
+	}
+
+	text := arg[0].RawText()
+	var pos, n, subexpr int
+	if len(arg) > 2 {
+		pos = arg[2].Int()
+	}
+	if len(arg) > 3 {
+		n = arg[3].Int()
+	}
+	if len(arg) > 4 {
+		subexpr = arg[4].Int()
+	}
+
+	loc := regexFind(re, text, pos, n, subexpr)
+	if loc != nil {
+		ctx.ResultRawText(text[loc[0]:loc[1]])
+	}
+}
+
+func regexInstr(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	re, err := load(ctx, 1, arg[1].Text())
+	if err != nil {
+		ctx.ResultError(err)
+		return // notest
+	}
+
+	text := arg[0].RawText()
+	var pos, n, end, subexpr int
+	if len(arg) > 2 {
+		pos = arg[2].Int()
+	}
+	if len(arg) > 3 {
+		n = arg[3].Int()
+	}
+	if len(arg) > 4 && arg[4].Bool() {
+		end = 1
+	}
+	if len(arg) > 5 {
+		subexpr = arg[5].Int()
+	}
+
+	loc := regexFind(re, text, pos, n, subexpr)
+	if loc != nil {
+		ctx.ResultInt(loc[end] + 1)
 	}
 }
 
 func regexReplace(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
 	re, err := load(ctx, 1, arg[1].Text())
 	if err != nil {
-		ctx.ResultError(err) // notest
-	} else {
-		ctx.ResultRawText(re.ReplaceAll(arg[0].RawText(), arg[2].RawText()))
+		ctx.ResultError(err)
+		return // notest
 	}
+
+	text := arg[0].RawText()
+	repl := arg[2].RawText()
+	var pos, n int
+	if len(arg) > 3 {
+		pos = arg[3].Int()
+	}
+	if len(arg) > 4 {
+		n = arg[4].Int()
+	}
+
+	res := text
+	pos = skip(text, pos)
+	if n > 0 {
+		all := re.FindAllSubmatchIndex(text[pos:], n)
+		if n <= len(all) {
+			loc := all[n-1]
+			res = text[:pos+loc[0]]
+			res = re.Expand(res, repl, text[pos:], loc)
+			res = append(res, text[pos+loc[1]:]...)
+		}
+	} else {
+		res = append(text[:pos], re.ReplaceAll(text[pos:], repl)...)
+	}
+	ctx.ResultRawText(res)
+}
+
+func regexFind(re *regexp.Regexp, text []byte, pos, n, subexpr int) (loc []int) {
+	pos = skip(text, pos)
+	text = text[pos:]
+
+	if n <= 1 {
+		if subexpr == 0 {
+			loc = re.FindIndex(text)
+		} else {
+			loc = re.FindSubmatchIndex(text)
+		}
+	} else {
+		if subexpr == 0 {
+			all := re.FindAllIndex(text, n)
+			if n <= len(all) {
+				loc = all[n-1]
+			}
+		} else {
+			all := re.FindAllSubmatchIndex(text, n)
+			if n <= len(all) {
+				loc = all[n-1]
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if 2+2*subexpr <= len(loc) {
+		loc = loc[2*subexpr : 2+2*subexpr]
+		loc[0] += pos
+		loc[1] += pos
+		return loc
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func skip(text []byte, start int) int {
+	for pos := range string(text) {
+		if start--; start <= 0 {
+			return pos
+		}
+	}
+	return len(text)
 }

ext/regexp/regexp_test.go

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 package regexp
 
 import (
+	"database/sql"
+	"regexp"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver"
@@ -29,18 +31,47 @@ func TestRegister(t *testing.T) {
 		{`regexp_like('Hello', 'elo')`, "0"},
 		{`regexp_like('Hello', 'ell')`, "1"},
 		{`regexp_like('Hello', 'el.')`, "1"},
+		{`regexp_count('Hello', 'l')`, "2"},
+		{`regexp_instr('Hello', 'el.')`, "2"},
+		{`regexp_instr('Hello', '.', 6)`, ""},
 		{`regexp_substr('Hello', 'el.')`, "ell"},
 		{`regexp_replace('Hello', 'llo', 'll')`, "Hell"},
+		// https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/functions-matching.html
+		{`regexp_count('ABCABCAXYaxy', 'A.')`, "3"},
+		{`regexp_count('ABCABCAXYaxy', '(?i)A.', 1)`, "4"},
+		{`regexp_instr('number of your street, town zip, FR', '[^,]+', 1, 2)`, "23"},
+		{`regexp_instr('ABCDEFGHI', '(?i)(c..)(...)', 1, 1, 0, 2)`, "6"},
+		{`regexp_substr('number of your street, town zip, FR', '[^,]+', 1, 2)`, " town zip"},
+		{`regexp_substr('ABCDEFGHI', '(?i)(c..)(...)', 1, 1, 2)`, "FGH"},
+		{`regexp_replace('foobarbaz', 'b..', 'X', 1, 1)`, "fooXbaz"},
+		{`regexp_replace('foobarbaz', 'b..', 'X')`, "fooXX"},
+		{`regexp_replace('foobarbaz', 'b(..)', 'X${1}Y')`, "fooXarYXazY"},
+		{`regexp_replace('A PostgreSQL function', '(?i)a|e|i|o|u', 'X', 1, 0)`, "X PXstgrXSQL fXnctXXn"},
+		{`regexp_replace('A PostgreSQL function', '(?i)a|e|i|o|u', 'X', 1, 3)`, "A PostgrXSQL function"},
+		// https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/21/sqlrf/REGEXP_COUNT.html
+		{`regexp_count('123123123123123', '(12)3', 1)`, "5"},
+		{`regexp_count('123123123123', '123', 3)`, "3"},
+		{`regexp_instr('500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA', '[^ ]+', 1, 6)`, "37"},
+		{`regexp_instr('500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA', '(?i)[s|r|p][[:alpha:]]{6}', 3, 2, 1)`, "28"},
+		{`regexp_instr('1234567890', '(123)(4(56)(78))', 1, 1, 0, 1)`, "1"},
+		{`regexp_instr('1234567890', '(123)(4(56)(78))', 1, 1, 0, 2)`, "4"},
+		{`regexp_instr('1234567890', '(123)(4(56)(78))', 1, 1, 0, 4)`, "7"},
+		{`regexp_substr('500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA', ',[^,]+,')`, ", Redwood Shores,"},
+		{`regexp_substr('http://www.example.com/products', 'http://([[:alnum:]]+\.?){3,4}/?')`, "http://www.example.com/"},
+		{`regexp_substr('1234567890', '(123)(4(56)(78))', 1, 1, 1)`, "123"},
+		{`regexp_substr('1234567890', '(123)(4(56)(78))', 1, 1, 4)`, "78"},
+		{`regexp_substr('123123123123', '1(.)3', 3, 2, 1)`, "2"},
+		{`regexp_replace('500   Oracle     Parkway,    Redwood  Shores, CA', '( ){2,}', ' ')`, "500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA"},
 	}
 
 	for _, tt := range tests {
-		var got string
+		var got sql.NullString
 		err := db.QueryRow(`SELECT ` + tt.test).Scan(&got)
 		if err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
-		if got != tt.want {
-			t.Errorf("got %q, want %q", got, tt.want)
+		if got.String != tt.want {
+			t.Errorf("got %q, want %q", got.String, tt.want)
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -58,6 +89,8 @@ func TestRegister_errors(t *testing.T) {
 	tests := []string{
 		`'' REGEXP ?`,
 		`regexp_like('', ?)`,
+		`regexp_count('', ?)`,
+		`regexp_instr('', ?)`,
 		`regexp_substr('', ?)`,
 		`regexp_replace('', ?, '')`,
 	}
@@ -69,3 +102,25 @@ func TestRegister_errors(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 }
+
+func TestGlobPrefix(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		re   string
+		want string
+	}{
+		{``, ""},
+		{`a`, "a"},
+		{`a*`, "*"},
+		{`a+`, "a*"},
+		{`ab*`, "a*"},
+		{`ab+`, "ab*"},
+		{`a\?b`, "a*"},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.re, func(t *testing.T) {
+			if got := GlobPrefix(regexp.MustCompile(tt.re)); got != tt.want {
+				t.Errorf("GlobPrefix() = %v, want %v", got, tt.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

ext/statement/stmt.go

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ func declare(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, _, _ string, arg ...string) (*table, error) {
 
 	sql := "SELECT * FROM\n" + arg[0]
 
-	stmt, _, err := db.Prepare(sql)
+	stmt, _, err := db.PrepareFlags(sql, sqlite3.PREPARE_PERSISTENT)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}

ext/stats/boolean.go

@@ -26,21 +26,21 @@ func (b *boolean) Value(ctx sqlite3.Context) {
 }
 
 func (b *boolean) Step(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
-	if arg[0].Type() == sqlite3.NULL {
-		return
-	}
-	if arg[0].Bool() {
+	a := arg[0]
+	if a.Bool() {
 		b.count++
 	}
-	b.total++
+	if a.Type() != sqlite3.NULL {
+		b.total++
+	}
 }
 
 func (b *boolean) Inverse(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
-	if arg[0].Type() == sqlite3.NULL {
-		return
-	}
-	if arg[0].Bool() {
+	a := arg[0]
+	if a.Bool() {
 		b.count--
 	}
-	b.total--
+	if a.Type() != sqlite3.NULL {
+		b.total--
+	}
 }

ext/stats/percentile.go

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import (
 
 const (
 	median = iota
+	percentile_100
 	percentile_cont
 	percentile_disc
 )
@@ -28,17 +29,25 @@ type percentile struct {
 }
 
 func (q *percentile) Step(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
-	if a := arg[0]; a.NumericType() != sqlite3.NULL {
-		q.nums = append(q.nums, a.Float())
+	a := arg[0]
+	f := a.Float()
+	if f != 0.0 || a.NumericType() != sqlite3.NULL {
+		q.nums = append(q.nums, f)
 	}
-	if q.kind != median {
-		q.arg1 = append(q.arg1[:0], arg[1].RawText()...)
+	if q.kind != median && q.arg1 == nil {
+		q.arg1 = append(q.arg1, arg[1].RawText()...)
 	}
 }
 
 func (q *percentile) Inverse(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
-	// Implementing inverse allows certain queries that don't really need it to succeed.
-	ctx.ResultError(util.ErrorString("percentile: may not be used as a window function"))
+	a := arg[0]
+	f := a.Float()
+	if f != 0.0 || a.NumericType() != sqlite3.NULL {
+		i := slices.Index(q.nums, f)
+		l := len(q.nums) - 1
+		q.nums[i] = q.nums[l]
+		q.nums = q.nums[:l]
+	}
 }
 
 func (q *percentile) Value(ctx sqlite3.Context) {
@@ -52,13 +61,13 @@ func (q *percentile) Value(ctx sqlite3.Context) {
 		floats []float64
 	)
 	if q.kind == median {
-		float, err = getPercentile(q.nums, 0.5, false)
+		float, err = q.at(0.5)
 		ctx.ResultFloat(float)
 	} else if err = json.Unmarshal(q.arg1, &float); err == nil {
-		float, err = getPercentile(q.nums, float, q.kind == percentile_disc)
+		float, err = q.at(float)
 		ctx.ResultFloat(float)
 	} else if err = json.Unmarshal(q.arg1, &floats); err == nil {
-		err = getPercentiles(q.nums, floats, q.kind == percentile_disc)
+		err = q.atMore(floats)
 		ctx.ResultJSON(floats)
 	}
 	if err != nil {
@@ -66,25 +75,28 @@ func (q *percentile) Value(ctx sqlite3.Context) {
 	}
 }
 
-func getPercentile(nums []float64, pos float64, disc bool) (float64, error) {
+func (q *percentile) at(pos float64) (float64, error) {
+	if q.kind == percentile_100 {
+		pos = pos / 100
+	}
 	if pos < 0 || pos > 1 {
 		return 0, util.ErrorString("invalid pos")
 	}
 
-	i, f := math.Modf(pos * float64(len(nums)-1))
-	m0 := quick.Select(nums, int(i))
+	i, f := math.Modf(pos * float64(len(q.nums)-1))
+	m0 := quick.Select(q.nums, int(i))
 
-	if f == 0 || disc {
+	if f == 0 || q.kind == percentile_disc {
 		return m0, nil
 	}
 
-	m1 := slices.Min(nums[int(i)+1:])
-	return math.FMA(f, m1, math.FMA(-f, m0, m0)), nil
+	m1 := slices.Min(q.nums[int(i)+1:])
+	return util.Lerp(m0, m1, f), nil
 }
 
-func getPercentiles(nums []float64, pos []float64, disc bool) error {
+func (q *percentile) atMore(pos []float64) error {
 	for i := range pos {
-		v, err := getPercentile(nums, pos[i], disc)
+		v, err := q.at(pos[i])
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}

ext/stats/percentile_test.go

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ func TestRegister_percentile(t *testing.T) {
 	stmt, _, err := db.Prepare(`
 		SELECT
 			median(x),
+			percentile(x, 50),
 			percentile_disc(x, 0.5),
 			percentile_cont(x, '[0.25, 0.5, 0.75]')
 		FROM data`)
@@ -41,11 +42,14 @@ func TestRegister_percentile(t *testing.T) {
 		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(0); got != 10 {
 			t.Errorf("got %v, want 10", got)
 		}
-		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(1); got != 7 {
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(1); got != 10 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want 10", got)
+		}
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(2); got != 7 {
 			t.Errorf("got %v, want 7", got)
 		}
 		var got []float64
-		if err := stmt.ColumnJSON(2, &got); err != nil {
+		if err := stmt.ColumnJSON(3, &got); err != nil {
 			t.Error(err)
 		}
 		if !slices.Equal(got, []float64{6.25, 10, 13.75}) {
@@ -54,9 +58,44 @@ func TestRegister_percentile(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	stmt.Close()
 
+	stmt, _, err = db.Prepare(`
+		SELECT
+			median(x) OVER (ROWS BETWEEN 1 PRECEDING AND 1 FOLLOWING)
+		FROM data`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if stmt.Step() {
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(0); got != 5.5 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want 5.5", got)
+		}
+	}
+	if stmt.Step() {
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(0); got != 7 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want 7", got)
+		}
+	}
+	if stmt.Step() {
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(0); got != 10 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want 10", got)
+		}
+	}
+	if stmt.Step() {
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(0); got != 14.5 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want 14.5", got)
+		}
+	}
+	if stmt.Step() {
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(0); got != 16 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want 16", got)
+		}
+	}
+	stmt.Close()
+
 	stmt, _, err = db.Prepare(`
 		SELECT
 			median(x),
+			percentile(x, 50),
 			percentile_disc(x, 0.5),
 			percentile_cont(x, '[0.25, 0.5, 0.75]')
 		FROM data
@@ -71,8 +110,11 @@ func TestRegister_percentile(t *testing.T) {
 		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(1); got != 4 {
 			t.Errorf("got %v, want 4", got)
 		}
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(2); got != 4 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want 4", got)
+		}
 		var got []float64
-		if err := stmt.ColumnJSON(2, &got); err != nil {
+		if err := stmt.ColumnJSON(3, &got); err != nil {
 			t.Error(err)
 		}
 		if !slices.Equal(got, []float64{4, 4, 4}) {
@@ -84,6 +126,7 @@ func TestRegister_percentile(t *testing.T) {
 	stmt, _, err = db.Prepare(`
 		SELECT
 			median(x),
+			percentile(x, 50),
 			percentile_disc(x, 0.5),
 			percentile_cont(x, '[0.25, 0.5, 0.75]')
 		FROM data
@@ -101,6 +144,9 @@ func TestRegister_percentile(t *testing.T) {
 		if got := stmt.ColumnType(2); got != sqlite3.NULL {
 			t.Error("want NULL")
 		}
+		if got := stmt.ColumnType(3); got != sqlite3.NULL {
+			t.Error("want NULL")
+		}
 	}
 	stmt.Close()
 

ext/stats/stats.go

@@ -52,7 +52,8 @@ import (
 
 // Register registers statistics functions.
 func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) error {
-	flags := sqlite3.DETERMINISTIC | sqlite3.INNOCUOUS
+	const flags = sqlite3.DETERMINISTIC | sqlite3.INNOCUOUS
+	const order = sqlite3.SELFORDER1 | flags
 	return errors.Join(
 		db.CreateWindowFunction("var_pop", 1, flags, newVariance(var_pop)),
 		db.CreateWindowFunction("var_samp", 1, flags, newVariance(var_samp)),
@@ -71,9 +72,10 @@ func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) error {
 		db.CreateWindowFunction("regr_intercept", 2, flags, newCovariance(regr_intercept)),
 		db.CreateWindowFunction("regr_count", 2, flags, newCovariance(regr_count)),
 		db.CreateWindowFunction("regr_json", 2, flags, newCovariance(regr_json)),
-		db.CreateWindowFunction("median", 1, flags, newPercentile(median)),
-		db.CreateWindowFunction("percentile_cont", 2, flags, newPercentile(percentile_cont)),
-		db.CreateWindowFunction("percentile_disc", 2, flags, newPercentile(percentile_disc)),
+		db.CreateWindowFunction("median", 1, order, newPercentile(median)),
+		db.CreateWindowFunction("percentile", 2, order, newPercentile(percentile_100)),
+		db.CreateWindowFunction("percentile_cont", 2, order, newPercentile(percentile_cont)),
+		db.CreateWindowFunction("percentile_disc", 2, order, newPercentile(percentile_disc)),
 		db.CreateWindowFunction("every", 1, flags, newBoolean(every)),
 		db.CreateWindowFunction("some", 1, flags, newBoolean(some)))
 }
@@ -121,14 +123,18 @@ func (fn *variance) Value(ctx sqlite3.Context) {
 }
 
 func (fn *variance) Step(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
-	if a := arg[0]; a.NumericType() != sqlite3.NULL {
-		fn.enqueue(a.Float())
+	a := arg[0]
+	f := a.Float()
+	if f != 0.0 || a.NumericType() != sqlite3.NULL {
+		fn.enqueue(f)
 	}
 }
 
 func (fn *variance) Inverse(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
-	if a := arg[0]; a.NumericType() != sqlite3.NULL {
-		fn.dequeue(a.Float())
+	a := arg[0]
+	f := a.Float()
+	if f != 0.0 || a.NumericType() != sqlite3.NULL {
+		fn.dequeue(f)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -177,15 +183,23 @@ func (fn *covariance) Value(ctx sqlite3.Context) {
 }
 
 func (fn *covariance) Step(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
-	a, b := arg[0], arg[1]
-	if a.NumericType() != sqlite3.NULL && b.NumericType() != sqlite3.NULL {
-		fn.enqueue(a.Float(), b.Float())
+	b, a := arg[1], arg[0] // avoid a bounds check
+	fa := a.Float()
+	fb := b.Float()
+	if true &&
+		(fa != 0.0 || a.NumericType() != sqlite3.NULL) &&
+		(fb != 0.0 || b.NumericType() != sqlite3.NULL) {
+		fn.enqueue(fa, fb)
 	}
 }
 
 func (fn *covariance) Inverse(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
-	a, b := arg[0], arg[1]
-	if a.NumericType() != sqlite3.NULL && b.NumericType() != sqlite3.NULL {
-		fn.dequeue(a.Float(), b.Float())
+	b, a := arg[1], arg[0] // avoid a bounds check
+	fa := a.Float()
+	fb := b.Float()
+	if true &&
+		(fa != 0.0 || a.NumericType() != sqlite3.NULL) &&
+		(fb != 0.0 || b.NumericType() != sqlite3.NULL) {
+		fn.dequeue(fa, fb)
 	}
 }

ext/unicode/unicode.go

@@ -5,6 +5,10 @@
 //   - LIKE and REGEXP operators,
 //   - collation sequences.
 //
+// It also provides, from PostgreSQL:
+//   - unaccent(),
+//   - initcap().
+//
 // The implementation is not 100% compatible with the [ICU extension]:
 //   - upper() and lower() use [strings.ToUpper], [strings.ToLower] and [cases];
 //   - the LIKE operator follows [strings.EqualFold] rules;
@@ -21,26 +25,44 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"regexp"
 	"strings"
+	"unicode"
 	"unicode/utf8"
 
-	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
-	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
 	"golang.org/x/text/cases"
 	"golang.org/x/text/collate"
 	"golang.org/x/text/language"
+	"golang.org/x/text/runes"
+	"golang.org/x/text/transform"
+	"golang.org/x/text/unicode/norm"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
 )
 
+// Set RegisterLike to false to not register a Unicode aware LIKE operator.
+// Overriding the built-in LIKE operator disables the [LIKE optimization].
+//
+// [LIKE optimization]: https://sqlite.org/optoverview.html#the_like_optimization
+var RegisterLike = true
+
 // Register registers Unicode aware functions for a database connection.
 func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) error {
-	flags := sqlite3.DETERMINISTIC | sqlite3.INNOCUOUS
-	return errors.Join(
-		db.CreateFunction("like", 2, flags, like),
-		db.CreateFunction("like", 3, flags, like),
+	const flags = sqlite3.DETERMINISTIC | sqlite3.INNOCUOUS
+	var errs util.ErrorJoiner
+	if RegisterLike {
+		errs.Join(
+			db.CreateFunction("like", 2, flags, like),
+			db.CreateFunction("like", 3, flags, like))
+	}
+	errs.Join(
 		db.CreateFunction("upper", 1, flags, upper),
 		db.CreateFunction("upper", 2, flags, upper),
 		db.CreateFunction("lower", 1, flags, lower),
 		db.CreateFunction("lower", 2, flags, lower),
 		db.CreateFunction("regexp", 2, flags, regex),
+		db.CreateFunction("initcap", 1, flags, initcap),
+		db.CreateFunction("initcap", 2, flags, initcap),
+		db.CreateFunction("unaccent", 1, flags, unaccent),
 		db.CreateFunction("icu_load_collation", 2, sqlite3.DIRECTONLY,
 			func(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
 				name := arg[1].Text()
@@ -48,12 +70,13 @@ func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) error {
 					return
 				}
 
-				err := RegisterCollation(db, arg[0].Text(), name)
+				err := RegisterCollation(ctx.Conn(), arg[0].Text(), name)
 				if err != nil {
 					ctx.ResultError(err)
 					return // notest
 				}
 			}))
+	return errors.Join(errs...)
 }
 
 // RegisterCollation registers a Unicode collation sequence for a database connection.
@@ -65,6 +88,15 @@ func RegisterCollation(db *sqlite3.Conn, locale, name string) error {
 	return db.CreateCollation(name, collate.New(tag).Compare)
 }
 
+// RegisterCollationsNeeded registers Unicode collation sequences on demand for a database connection.
+func RegisterCollationsNeeded(db *sqlite3.Conn) error {
+	return db.CollationNeeded(func(db *sqlite3.Conn, name string) {
+		if tag, err := language.Parse(name); err == nil {
+			db.CreateCollation(name, collate.New(tag).Compare)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
 func upper(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
 	if len(arg) == 1 {
 		ctx.ResultRawText(bytes.ToUpper(arg[0].RawText()))
@@ -103,6 +135,35 @@ func lower(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
 	ctx.ResultRawText(cs.Bytes(arg[0].RawText()))
 }
 
+func initcap(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	if len(arg) == 1 {
+		ctx.ResultRawText(bytes.Title(arg[0].RawText()))
+		return
+	}
+	cs, ok := ctx.GetAuxData(1).(cases.Caser)
+	if !ok {
+		t, err := language.Parse(arg[1].Text())
+		if err != nil {
+			ctx.ResultError(err)
+			return // notest
+		}
+		c := cases.Title(t)
+		ctx.SetAuxData(1, c)
+		cs = c
+	}
+	ctx.ResultRawText(cs.Bytes(arg[0].RawText()))
+}
+
+func unaccent(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	unaccent := transform.Chain(norm.NFD, runes.Remove(runes.In(unicode.Mn)), norm.NFC)
+	res, _, err := transform.Bytes(unaccent, arg[0].RawText())
+	if err != nil {
+		ctx.ResultError(err) // notest
+	} else {
+		ctx.ResultRawText(res)
+	}
+}
+
 func regex(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
 	re, ok := ctx.GetAuxData(0).(*regexp.Regexp)
 	if !ok {

ext/unicode/unicode_test.go

@@ -47,6 +47,9 @@ func TestRegister(t *testing.T) {
 		{`upper('istanbul', 'tr-TR')`, "İSTANBUL"},
 		{`lower('Dünyanın İlk Borsası', 'tr-TR')`, "dünyanın ilk borsası"},
 		{`upper('Dünyanın İlk Borsası', 'tr-TR')`, "DÜNYANIN İLK BORSASI"},
+		{`initcap('Kad je hladno Marko nosi džemper')`, "Kad Je Hladno Marko Nosi Džemper"},
+		{`initcap('Kad je hladno Marko nosi džemper', 'hr-HR')`, "Kad Je Hladno Marko Nosi Džemper"},
+		{`unaccent('Hôtel')`, "Hotel"},
 		{`'Hello' REGEXP 'ell'`, "1"},
 		{`'Hello' REGEXP 'el.'`, "1"},
 		{`'Hello' LIKE 'hel_'`, "0"},
@@ -92,7 +95,7 @@ func TestRegister_collation(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	err = db.Exec(`SELECT icu_load_collation('fr_FR', 'french')`)
+	err = db.Exec(`SELECT icu_load_collation('fr-FR', 'french')`)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -127,6 +130,57 @@ func TestRegister_collation(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestRegisterCollationsNeeded(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	db, err := sqlite3.Open(":memory:")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	RegisterCollationsNeeded(db)
+
+	err = db.Exec(`CREATE TABLE words (word VARCHAR(10))`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO words (word) VALUES ('côte'), ('cote'), ('coter'), ('coté'), ('cotée'), ('côté')`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	stmt, _, err := db.Prepare(`SELECT word FROM words ORDER BY word COLLATE fr_FR`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer stmt.Close()
+
+	got, want := []string{}, []string{"cote", "coté", "côte", "côté", "cotée", "coter"}
+
+	for stmt.Step() {
+		got = append(got, stmt.ColumnText(0))
+	}
+	if err := stmt.Err(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(got, want) {
+		t.Error("not equal")
+	}
+
+	err = stmt.Close()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Close()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestRegister_error(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 

ext/uuid/uuid.go

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 
 	"github.com/google/uuid"
+
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
 )
@@ -27,7 +28,7 @@ import (
 //
 // Converts a UUID into a 16-byte blob.
 func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) error {
-	flags := sqlite3.DETERMINISTIC | sqlite3.INNOCUOUS
+	const flags = sqlite3.DETERMINISTIC | sqlite3.INNOCUOUS
 	return errors.Join(
 		db.CreateFunction("uuid", 0, sqlite3.INNOCUOUS, generate),
 		db.CreateFunction("uuid", 1, sqlite3.INNOCUOUS, generate),

ext/uuid/uuid_test.go

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/google/uuid"
+
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver"
 	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed"
 	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/testcfg"

ext/zorder/zorder.go

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import (
 
 // Register registers the zorder and unzorder SQL functions.
 func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) error {
-	flags := sqlite3.DETERMINISTIC | sqlite3.INNOCUOUS
+	const flags = sqlite3.DETERMINISTIC | sqlite3.INNOCUOUS
 	return errors.Join(
 		db.CreateFunction("zorder", -1, flags, zorder),
 		db.CreateFunction("unzorder", 3, flags, unzorder))
@@ -47,9 +47,9 @@ func zorder(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
 }
 
 func unzorder(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
-	z := arg[0].Int64()
-	n := arg[1].Int64()
 	i := arg[2].Int64()
+	n := arg[1].Int64()
+	z := arg[0].Int64()
 
 	var k int
 	var x int64

func.go

@@ -4,8 +4,9 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"sync"
 
-	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
 	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/api"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
 )
 
 // CollationNeeded registers a callback to be invoked
@@ -33,16 +34,23 @@ func (c *Conn) CollationNeeded(cb func(db *Conn, name string)) error {
 // one or more unknown collating sequences.
 func (c Conn) AnyCollationNeeded() error {
 	r := c.call("sqlite3_anycollseq_init", uint64(c.handle), 0, 0)
-	return c.error(r)
+	if err := c.error(r); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	c.collation = nil
+	return nil
 }
 
 // CreateCollation defines a new collating sequence.
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/create_collation.html
 func (c *Conn) CreateCollation(name string, fn func(a, b []byte) int) error {
+	var funcPtr uint32
 	defer c.arena.mark()()
 	namePtr := c.arena.string(name)
-	funcPtr := util.AddHandle(c.ctx, fn)
+	if fn != nil {
+		funcPtr = util.AddHandle(c.ctx, fn)
+	}
 	r := c.call("sqlite3_create_collation_go",
 		uint64(c.handle), uint64(namePtr), uint64(funcPtr))
 	return c.error(r)
@@ -52,9 +60,12 @@ func (c *Conn) CreateCollation(name string, fn func(a, b []byte) int) error {
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/create_function.html
 func (c *Conn) CreateFunction(name string, nArg int, flag FunctionFlag, fn ScalarFunction) error {
+	var funcPtr uint32
 	defer c.arena.mark()()
 	namePtr := c.arena.string(name)
-	funcPtr := util.AddHandle(c.ctx, fn)
+	if fn != nil {
+		funcPtr = util.AddHandle(c.ctx, fn)
+	}
 	r := c.call("sqlite3_create_function_go",
 		uint64(c.handle), uint64(namePtr), uint64(nArg),
 		uint64(flag), uint64(funcPtr))
@@ -71,10 +82,13 @@ type ScalarFunction func(ctx Context, arg ...Value)
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/create_function.html
 func (c *Conn) CreateWindowFunction(name string, nArg int, flag FunctionFlag, fn func() AggregateFunction) error {
+	var funcPtr uint32
 	defer c.arena.mark()()
-	call := "sqlite3_create_aggregate_function_go"
 	namePtr := c.arena.string(name)
-	funcPtr := util.AddHandle(c.ctx, fn)
+	if fn != nil {
+		funcPtr = util.AddHandle(c.ctx, fn)
+	}
+	call := "sqlite3_create_aggregate_function_go"
 	if _, ok := fn().(WindowFunction); ok {
 		call = "sqlite3_create_window_function_go"
 	}
@@ -184,11 +198,12 @@ func callbackAggregate(db *Conn, pAgg, pApp uint32) (AggregateFunction, uint32)
 
 	// We need to create the aggregate.
 	fn := util.GetHandle(db.ctx, pApp).(func() AggregateFunction)()
-	handle := util.AddHandle(db.ctx, fn)
 	if pAgg != 0 {
+		handle := util.AddHandle(db.ctx, fn)
 		util.WriteUint32(db.mod, pAgg, handle)
+		return fn, handle
 	}
-	return fn, handle
+	return fn, 0
 }
 
 func callbackArgs(db *Conn, arg []Value, pArg uint32) {

go.mod

@@ -5,17 +5,20 @@ go 1.21
 toolchain go1.23.0
 
 require (
-	github.com/dchest/siphash v1.2.3
-	github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0
 	github.com/ncruces/julianday v1.0.0
 	github.com/ncruces/sort v0.1.2
-	github.com/psanford/httpreadat v0.1.0
-	github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.8.0
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.27.0
-	golang.org/x/sync v0.8.0
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.25.0
-	golang.org/x/text v0.18.0
-	lukechampine.com/adiantum v1.1.1
+	github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.8.2
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.31.0
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.28.0
+)
+
+require (
+	github.com/dchest/siphash v1.2.3 // ext/bloom
+	github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0 // ext/uuid
+	github.com/psanford/httpreadat v0.1.0 // example
+	golang.org/x/sync v0.10.0 // test
+	golang.org/x/text v0.21.0 // ext/unicode
+	lukechampine.com/adiantum v1.1.1 // vfs/adiantum
 )
 
 retract v0.4.0 // tagged from the wrong branch

go.sum

@@ -8,15 +8,15 @@ github.com/ncruces/sort v0.1.2 h1:zKQ9CA4fpHPF6xsUhRTfi5EEryspuBpe/QA4VWQOV1U=
 github.com/ncruces/sort v0.1.2/go.mod h1:vEJUTBJtebIuCMmXD18GKo5GJGhsay+xZFOoBEIXFmE=
 github.com/psanford/httpreadat v0.1.0 h1:VleW1HS2zO7/4c7c7zNl33fO6oYACSagjJIyMIwZLUE=
 github.com/psanford/httpreadat v0.1.0/go.mod h1:Zg7P+TlBm3bYbyHTKv/EdtSJZn3qwbPwpfZ/I9GKCRE=
-github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.8.0 h1:iEKu0d4c2Pd+QSRieYbnQC9yiFlMS9D+Jr0LsRmcF4g=
-github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.8.0/go.mod h1:yAI0XTsMBhREkM/YDAK/zNou3GoiAce1P6+rp/wQhjs=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.27.0 h1:GXm2NjJrPaiv/h1tb2UH8QfgC/hOf/+z0p6PT8o1w7A=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.27.0/go.mod h1:1Xngt8kV6Dvbssa53Ziq6Eqn0HqbZi5Z6R0ZpwQzt70=
-golang.org/x/sync v0.8.0 h1:3NFvSEYkUoMifnESzZl15y791HH1qU2xm6eCJU5ZPXQ=
-golang.org/x/sync v0.8.0/go.mod h1:Czt+wKu1gCyEFDUtn0jG5QVvpJ6rzVqr5aXyt9drQfk=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.25.0 h1:r+8e+loiHxRqhXVl6ML1nO3l1+oFoWbnlu2Ehimmi34=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.25.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
-golang.org/x/text v0.18.0 h1:XvMDiNzPAl0jr17s6W9lcaIhGUfUORdGCNsuLmPG224=
-golang.org/x/text v0.18.0/go.mod h1:BuEKDfySbSR4drPmRPG/7iBdf8hvFMuRexcpahXilzY=
+github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.8.2 h1:yIgLR/b2bN31bjxwXHD8a3d+BogigR952csSDdLYEv4=
+github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.8.2/go.mod h1:yAI0XTsMBhREkM/YDAK/zNou3GoiAce1P6+rp/wQhjs=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.31.0 h1:ihbySMvVjLAeSH1IbfcRTkD/iNscyz8rGzjF/E5hV6U=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.31.0/go.mod h1:kDsLvtWBEx7MV9tJOj9bnXsPbxwJQ6csT/x4KIN4Ssk=
+golang.org/x/sync v0.10.0 h1:3NQrjDixjgGwUOCaF8w2+VYHv0Ve/vGYSbdkTa98gmQ=
+golang.org/x/sync v0.10.0/go.mod h1:Czt+wKu1gCyEFDUtn0jG5QVvpJ6rzVqr5aXyt9drQfk=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.28.0 h1:Fksou7UEQUWlKvIdsqzJmUmCX3cZuD2+P3XyyzwMhlA=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.28.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
+golang.org/x/text v0.21.0 h1:zyQAAkrwaneQ066sspRyJaG9VNi/YJ1NfzcGB3hZ/qo=
+golang.org/x/text v0.21.0/go.mod h1:4IBbMaMmOPCJ8SecivzSH54+73PCFmPWxNTLm+vZkEQ=
 lukechampine.com/adiantum v1.1.1 h1:4fp6gTxWCqpEbLy40ExiYDDED3oUNWx5cTqBCtPdZqA=
 lukechampine.com/adiantum v1.1.1/go.mod h1:LrAYVnTYLnUtE/yMp5bQr0HstAf060YUF8nM0B6+rUw=

go.work

@@ -3,4 +3,5 @@ go 1.21
 use (
 	.
 	./gormlite
+	./embed/bcw2
 )

go.work.sum

@@ -1,10 +1,16 @@
+github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3 v0.21.0/go.mod h1:zxMOaSG5kFYVFK4xQa0pdwIszqxqJ0W0BxBgwdrNjuA=
 golang.org/x/mod v0.8.0/go.mod h1:iBbtSCu2XBx23ZKBPSOrRkjjQPZFPuis4dIYUhu/chs=
 golang.org/x/mod v0.17.0/go.mod h1:hTbmBsO62+eylJbnUtE2MGJUyE7QWk4xUqPFrRgJ+7c=
 golang.org/x/net v0.21.0/go.mod h1:bIjVDfnllIU7BJ2DNgfnXvpSvtn8VRwhlsaeUTyUS44=
+golang.org/x/net v0.25.0/go.mod h1:JkAGAh7GEvH74S6FOH42FLoXpXbE/aqXSrIQjXgsiwM=
+golang.org/x/telemetry v0.0.0-20240228155512-f48c80bd79b2/go.mod h1:TeRTkGYfJXctD9OcfyVLyj2J3IxLnKwHJR8f4D8a3YE=
 golang.org/x/term v0.20.0/go.mod h1:8UkIAJTvZgivsXaD6/pH6U9ecQzZ45awqEOzuCvwpFY=
 golang.org/x/term v0.21.0/go.mod h1:ooXLefLobQVslOqselCNF4SxFAaoS6KujMbsGzSDmX0=
 golang.org/x/term v0.22.0/go.mod h1:F3qCibpT5AMpCRfhfT53vVJwhLtIVHhB9XDjfFvnMI4=
 golang.org/x/term v0.23.0/go.mod h1:DgV24QBUrK6jhZXl+20l6UWznPlwAHm1Q1mGHtydmSk=
 golang.org/x/term v0.24.0/go.mod h1:lOBK/LVxemqiMij05LGJ0tzNr8xlmwBRJ81PX6wVLH8=
+golang.org/x/term v0.25.0/go.mod h1:RPyXicDX+6vLxogjjRxjgD2TKtmAO6NZBsBRfrOLu7M=
+golang.org/x/term v0.26.0/go.mod h1:Si5m1o57C5nBNQo5z1iq+XDijt21BDBDp2bK0QI8e3E=
+golang.org/x/term v0.27.0/go.mod h1:iMsnZpn0cago0GOrHO2+Y7u7JPn5AylBrcoWkElMTSM=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.6.0/go.mod h1:Xwgl3UAJ/d3gWutnCtw505GrjyAbvKui8lOU390QaIU=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.21.1-0.20240508182429-e35e4ccd0d2d/go.mod h1:aiJjzUbINMkxbQROHiO6hDPo2LHcIPhhQsa9DLh0yGk=

gormlite/error_translator.go

@@ -3,8 +3,9 @@ package gormlite
 import (
 	"errors"
 
-	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
 )
 
 func (_Dialector) Translate(err error) error {

gormlite/error_translator_test.go

@@ -3,9 +3,10 @@ package gormlite
 import (
 	"testing"
 
-	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs/memdb"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 	"gorm.io/gorm/logger"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs/memdb"
 )
 
 func TestErrorTranslator(t *testing.T) {

gormlite/go.mod

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ go 1.21
 toolchain go1.23.0
 
 require (
-	github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3 v0.18.4
+	github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3 v0.21.0
 	gorm.io/gorm v1.25.12
 )
 
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/jinzhu/inflection v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/jinzhu/now v1.1.5 // indirect
 	github.com/ncruces/julianday v1.0.0 // indirect
-	github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.8.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.25.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/text v0.18.0 // indirect
+	github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.8.2 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.28.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/text v0.21.0 // indirect
 )

gormlite/go.sum

@@ -2,15 +2,15 @@ github.com/jinzhu/inflection v1.0.0 h1:K317FqzuhWc8YvSVlFMCCUb36O/S9MCKRDI7QkRKD
 github.com/jinzhu/inflection v1.0.0/go.mod h1:h+uFLlag+Qp1Va5pdKtLDYj+kHp5pxUVkryuEj+Srlc=
 github.com/jinzhu/now v1.1.5 h1:/o9tlHleP7gOFmsnYNz3RGnqzefHA47wQpKrrdTIwXQ=
 github.com/jinzhu/now v1.1.5/go.mod h1:d3SSVoowX0Lcu0IBviAWJpolVfI5UJVZZ7cO71lE/z8=
-github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3 v0.18.4 h1:Je8o3y33MDwPYY/Cacas8yCsuoUzpNY/AgoSlN2ekyE=
-github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3 v0.18.4/go.mod h1:4HLag13gq1k10s4dfGBhMfRVsssJRT9/5hYqVM9RUYo=
+github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3 v0.21.0 h1:EwKFoy1hHEopN4sFZarmi+McXdbCcbTuLixhEayXVbQ=
+github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3 v0.21.0/go.mod h1:zxMOaSG5kFYVFK4xQa0pdwIszqxqJ0W0BxBgwdrNjuA=
 github.com/ncruces/julianday v1.0.0 h1:fH0OKwa7NWvniGQtxdJRxAgkBMolni2BjDHaWTxqt7M=
 github.com/ncruces/julianday v1.0.0/go.mod h1:Dusn2KvZrrovOMJuOt0TNXL6tB7U2E8kvza5fFc9G7g=
-github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.8.0 h1:iEKu0d4c2Pd+QSRieYbnQC9yiFlMS9D+Jr0LsRmcF4g=
-github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.8.0/go.mod h1:yAI0XTsMBhREkM/YDAK/zNou3GoiAce1P6+rp/wQhjs=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.25.0 h1:r+8e+loiHxRqhXVl6ML1nO3l1+oFoWbnlu2Ehimmi34=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.25.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
-golang.org/x/text v0.18.0 h1:XvMDiNzPAl0jr17s6W9lcaIhGUfUORdGCNsuLmPG224=
-golang.org/x/text v0.18.0/go.mod h1:BuEKDfySbSR4drPmRPG/7iBdf8hvFMuRexcpahXilzY=
+github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.8.2 h1:yIgLR/b2bN31bjxwXHD8a3d+BogigR952csSDdLYEv4=
+github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.8.2/go.mod h1:yAI0XTsMBhREkM/YDAK/zNou3GoiAce1P6+rp/wQhjs=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.28.0 h1:Fksou7UEQUWlKvIdsqzJmUmCX3cZuD2+P3XyyzwMhlA=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.28.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
+golang.org/x/text v0.21.0 h1:zyQAAkrwaneQ066sspRyJaG9VNi/YJ1NfzcGB3hZ/qo=
+golang.org/x/text v0.21.0/go.mod h1:4IBbMaMmOPCJ8SecivzSH54+73PCFmPWxNTLm+vZkEQ=
 gorm.io/gorm v1.25.12 h1:I0u8i2hWQItBq1WfE0o2+WuL9+8L21K9e2HHSTE/0f8=
 gorm.io/gorm v1.25.12/go.mod h1:xh7N7RHfYlNc5EmcI/El95gXusucDrQnHXe0+CgWcLQ=

internal/alloc/alloc_other.go

@@ -1,9 +1,24 @@
-//go:build !(unix || windows) || sqlite3_nosys
+//go:build !unix && !windows
 
 package alloc
 
 import "github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/experimental"
 
-func Virtual(cap, max uint64) experimental.LinearMemory {
-	return Slice(cap, max)
+func NewMemory(cap, max uint64) experimental.LinearMemory {
+	return &sliceMemory{make([]byte, 0, cap)}
+}
+
+type sliceMemory struct {
+	buf []byte
+}
+
+func (b *sliceMemory) Free() {}
+
+func (b *sliceMemory) Reallocate(size uint64) []byte {
+	if cap := uint64(cap(b.buf)); size > cap {
+		b.buf = append(b.buf[:cap], make([]byte, size-cap)...)
+	} else {
+		b.buf = b.buf[:size]
+	}
+	return b.buf
 }

internal/alloc/alloc_slice.go

@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
-//go:build !(darwin || linux) || !(amd64 || arm64 || riscv64 || ppc64le) || sqlite3_noshm || sqlite3_nosys
-
-package alloc
-
-import "github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/experimental"
-
-func Slice(cap, _ uint64) experimental.LinearMemory {
-	return &sliceMemory{make([]byte, 0, cap)}
-}
-
-type sliceMemory struct {
-	buf []byte
-}
-
-func (b *sliceMemory) Free() {}
-
-func (b *sliceMemory) Reallocate(size uint64) []byte {
-	if cap := uint64(cap(b.buf)); size > cap {
-		b.buf = append(b.buf[:cap], make([]byte, size-cap)...)
-	} else {
-		b.buf = b.buf[:size]
-	}
-	return b.buf
-}

internal/alloc/alloc_test.go

@@ -9,6 +9,6 @@ import (
 
 func TestVirtual(t *testing.T) {
 	defer func() { _ = recover() }()
-	alloc.Virtual(math.MaxInt+2, math.MaxInt+2)
+	alloc.NewMemory(math.MaxInt+2, math.MaxInt+2)
 	t.Error("want panic")
 }

internal/alloc/alloc_unix.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-//go:build unix && !sqlite3_nosys
+//go:build unix
 
 package alloc
 
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"golang.org/x/sys/unix"
 )
 
-func Virtual(_, max uint64) experimental.LinearMemory {
+func NewMemory(_, max uint64) experimental.LinearMemory {
 	// Round up to the page size.
 	rnd := uint64(unix.Getpagesize() - 1)
 	max = (max + rnd) &^ rnd
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ func (m *mmappedMemory) Reallocate(size uint64) []byte {
 		// Commit additional memory up to new bytes.
 		err := unix.Mprotect(m.buf[com:new], unix.PROT_READ|unix.PROT_WRITE)
 		if err != nil {
-			panic(err)
+			return nil
 		}
 
 		// Update committed memory.

internal/alloc/alloc_windows.go

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-//go:build !sqlite3_nosys
-
 package alloc
 
 import (
@@ -11,7 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"golang.org/x/sys/windows"
 )
 
-func Virtual(_, max uint64) experimental.LinearMemory {
+func NewMemory(_, max uint64) experimental.LinearMemory {
 	// Round up to the page size.
 	rnd := uint64(windows.Getpagesize() - 1)
 	max = (max + rnd) &^ rnd
@@ -56,7 +54,7 @@ func (m *virtualMemory) Reallocate(size uint64) []byte {
 		// Commit additional memory up to new bytes.
 		_, err := windows.VirtualAlloc(m.addr, uintptr(new), windows.MEM_COMMIT, windows.PAGE_READWRITE)
 		if err != nil {
-			panic(err)
+			return nil
 		}
 
 		// Update committed memory.

internal/testcfg/testcfg.go

@@ -1,30 +1,26 @@
 package testcfg
 
 import (
-	"math/bits"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 
-	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
 	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
 )
 
 // notest
 
 func init() {
-	if bits.UintSize < 64 {
-		return
-	}
-
 	sqlite3.RuntimeConfig = wazero.NewRuntimeConfig().
-		WithMemoryCapacityFromMax(true).
-		WithMemoryLimitPages(1024)
+		WithMemoryLimitPages(512)
 
 	if os.Getenv("CI") != "" {
 		path := filepath.Join(os.TempDir(), "wazero")
 		if err := os.MkdirAll(path, 0777); err == nil {
 			if cache, err := wazero.NewCompilationCacheWithDir(path); err == nil {
-				sqlite3.RuntimeConfig.WithCompilationCache(cache)
+				sqlite3.RuntimeConfig = sqlite3.RuntimeConfig.
+					WithCompilationCache(cache)
 			}
 		}
 	}

internal/util/bool.go

@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-package util
-
-import "strings"
-
-func ParseBool(s string) (b, ok bool) {
-	if len(s) == 0 {
-		return false, false
-	}
-	if s[0] == '0' {
-		return false, true
-	}
-	if '1' <= s[0] && s[0] <= '9' {
-		return true, true
-	}
-	switch strings.ToLower(s) {
-	case "true", "yes", "on":
-		return true, true
-	case "false", "no", "off":
-		return false, true
-	}
-	return false, false
-}

internal/util/bool_test.go

@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-package util
-
-import "testing"
-
-func TestParseBool(t *testing.T) {
-	tests := []struct {
-		str string
-		val bool
-		ok  bool
-	}{
-		{"", false, false},
-		{"0", false, true},
-		{"1", true, true},
-		{"9", true, true},
-		{"T", false, false},
-		{"true", true, true},
-		{"FALSE", false, true},
-		{"false?", false, false},
-	}
-	for _, tt := range tests {
-		t.Run(tt.str, func(t *testing.T) {
-			gotVal, gotOK := ParseBool(tt.str)
-			if gotVal != tt.val || gotOK != tt.ok {
-				t.Errorf("ParseBool(%q) = (%v, %v) want (%v, %v)", tt.str, gotVal, gotOK, tt.val, tt.ok)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}

internal/util/func.go

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ func ExportFuncVI[T0 i32](mod wazero.HostModuleBuilder, name string, fn func(con
 type funcVII[T0, T1 i32] func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1)
 
 func (fn funcVII[T0, T1]) Call(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, stack []uint64) {
+	_ = stack[1] // prevent bounds check on every slice access
 	fn(ctx, mod, T0(stack[0]), T1(stack[1]))
 }
 
@@ -39,6 +40,7 @@ func ExportFuncVII[T0, T1 i32](mod wazero.HostModuleBuilder, name string, fn fun
 type funcVIII[T0, T1, T2 i32] func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1, T2)
 
 func (fn funcVIII[T0, T1, T2]) Call(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, stack []uint64) {
+	_ = stack[2] // prevent bounds check on every slice access
 	fn(ctx, mod, T0(stack[0]), T1(stack[1]), T2(stack[2]))
 }
 
@@ -52,6 +54,7 @@ func ExportFuncVIII[T0, T1, T2 i32](mod wazero.HostModuleBuilder, name string, f
 type funcVIIII[T0, T1, T2, T3 i32] func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1, T2, T3)
 
 func (fn funcVIIII[T0, T1, T2, T3]) Call(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, stack []uint64) {
+	_ = stack[3] // prevent bounds check on every slice access
 	fn(ctx, mod, T0(stack[0]), T1(stack[1]), T2(stack[2]), T3(stack[3]))
 }
 
@@ -65,6 +68,7 @@ func ExportFuncVIIII[T0, T1, T2, T3 i32](mod wazero.HostModuleBuilder, name stri
 type funcVIIIII[T0, T1, T2, T3, T4 i32] func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1, T2, T3, T4)
 
 func (fn funcVIIIII[T0, T1, T2, T3, T4]) Call(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, stack []uint64) {
+	_ = stack[4] // prevent bounds check on every slice access
 	fn(ctx, mod, T0(stack[0]), T1(stack[1]), T2(stack[2]), T3(stack[3]), T4(stack[4]))
 }
 
@@ -78,6 +82,7 @@ func ExportFuncVIIIII[T0, T1, T2, T3, T4 i32](mod wazero.HostModuleBuilder, name
 type funcVIIIIJ[T0, T1, T2, T3 i32, T4 i64] func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1, T2, T3, T4)
 
 func (fn funcVIIIIJ[T0, T1, T2, T3, T4]) Call(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, stack []uint64) {
+	_ = stack[4] // prevent bounds check on every slice access
 	fn(ctx, mod, T0(stack[0]), T1(stack[1]), T2(stack[2]), T3(stack[3]), T4(stack[4]))
 }
 
@@ -104,6 +109,7 @@ func ExportFuncII[TR, T0 i32](mod wazero.HostModuleBuilder, name string, fn func
 type funcIII[TR, T0, T1 i32] func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1) TR
 
 func (fn funcIII[TR, T0, T1]) Call(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, stack []uint64) {
+	_ = stack[1] // prevent bounds check on every slice access
 	stack[0] = uint64(fn(ctx, mod, T0(stack[0]), T1(stack[1])))
 }
 
@@ -117,6 +123,7 @@ func ExportFuncIII[TR, T0, T1 i32](mod wazero.HostModuleBuilder, name string, fn
 type funcIIII[TR, T0, T1, T2 i32] func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1, T2) TR
 
 func (fn funcIIII[TR, T0, T1, T2]) Call(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, stack []uint64) {
+	_ = stack[2] // prevent bounds check on every slice access
 	stack[0] = uint64(fn(ctx, mod, T0(stack[0]), T1(stack[1]), T2(stack[2])))
 }
 
@@ -130,6 +137,7 @@ func ExportFuncIIII[TR, T0, T1, T2 i32](mod wazero.HostModuleBuilder, name strin
 type funcIIIII[TR, T0, T1, T2, T3 i32] func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1, T2, T3) TR
 
 func (fn funcIIIII[TR, T0, T1, T2, T3]) Call(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, stack []uint64) {
+	_ = stack[3] // prevent bounds check on every slice access
 	stack[0] = uint64(fn(ctx, mod, T0(stack[0]), T1(stack[1]), T2(stack[2]), T3(stack[3])))
 }
 
@@ -143,6 +151,7 @@ func ExportFuncIIIII[TR, T0, T1, T2, T3 i32](mod wazero.HostModuleBuilder, name
 type funcIIIIII[TR, T0, T1, T2, T3, T4 i32] func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1, T2, T3, T4) TR
 
 func (fn funcIIIIII[TR, T0, T1, T2, T3, T4]) Call(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, stack []uint64) {
+	_ = stack[4] // prevent bounds check on every slice access
 	stack[0] = uint64(fn(ctx, mod, T0(stack[0]), T1(stack[1]), T2(stack[2]), T3(stack[3]), T4(stack[4])))
 }
 
@@ -156,6 +165,7 @@ func ExportFuncIIIIII[TR, T0, T1, T2, T3, T4 i32](mod wazero.HostModuleBuilder,
 type funcIIIIIII[TR, T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 i32] func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5) TR
 
 func (fn funcIIIIIII[TR, T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5]) Call(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, stack []uint64) {
+	_ = stack[5] // prevent bounds check on every slice access
 	stack[0] = uint64(fn(ctx, mod, T0(stack[0]), T1(stack[1]), T2(stack[2]), T3(stack[3]), T4(stack[4]), T5(stack[5])))
 }
 
@@ -169,6 +179,7 @@ func ExportFuncIIIIIII[TR, T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 i32](mod wazero.HostModuleBuil
 type funcIIIIJ[TR, T0, T1, T2 i32, T3 i64] func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1, T2, T3) TR
 
 func (fn funcIIIIJ[TR, T0, T1, T2, T3]) Call(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, stack []uint64) {
+	_ = stack[3] // prevent bounds check on every slice access
 	stack[0] = uint64(fn(ctx, mod, T0(stack[0]), T1(stack[1]), T2(stack[2]), T3(stack[3])))
 }
 
@@ -182,6 +193,7 @@ func ExportFuncIIIIJ[TR, T0, T1, T2 i32, T3 i64](mod wazero.HostModuleBuilder, n
 type funcIIJ[TR, T0 i32, T1 i64] func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1) TR
 
 func (fn funcIIJ[TR, T0, T1]) Call(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, stack []uint64) {
+	_ = stack[1] // prevent bounds check on every slice access
 	stack[0] = uint64(fn(ctx, mod, T0(stack[0]), T1(stack[1])))
 }
 

internal/util/handle.go

@@ -35,17 +35,22 @@ func DelHandle(ctx context.Context, id uint32) error {
 	s := ctx.Value(moduleKey{}).(*moduleState)
 	a := s.handles[^id]
 	s.handles[^id] = nil
-	s.holes++
+	if l := uint32(len(s.handles)); l == ^id {
+		s.handles = s.handles[:l-1]
+	} else {
+		s.holes++
+	}
 	if c, ok := a.(io.Closer); ok {
 		return c.Close()
 	}
 	return nil
 }
 
-func AddHandle(ctx context.Context, a any) (id uint32) {
+func AddHandle(ctx context.Context, a any) uint32 {
 	if a == nil {
 		panic(NilErr)
 	}
+
 	s := ctx.Value(moduleKey{}).(*moduleState)
 
 	// Find an empty slot.

internal/util/math.go

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+package util
+
+import "math"
+
+func abs(n int) int {
+	if n < 0 {
+		return -n
+	}
+	return n
+}
+
+func GCD(m, n int) int {
+	for n != 0 {
+		m, n = n, m%n
+	}
+	return abs(m)
+}
+
+func LCM(m, n int) int {
+	if n == 0 {
+		return 0
+	}
+	return abs(n) * (abs(m) / GCD(m, n))
+}
+
+// https://developer.nvidia.com/blog/lerp-faster-cuda/
+func Lerp(v0, v1, t float64) float64 {
+	return math.FMA(t, v1, math.FMA(-t, v0, v0))
+}

internal/util/math_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package adiantum
+package util
 
 import (
 	"math"
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ func Test_abs(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func Test_gcd(t *testing.T) {
+func Test_GCD(t *testing.T) {
 	tests := []struct {
 		arg1 int
 		arg2 int
@@ -46,14 +46,14 @@ func Test_gcd(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run("", func(t *testing.T) {
-			if got := gcd(tt.arg1, tt.arg2); got != tt.want {
+			if got := GCD(tt.arg1, tt.arg2); got != tt.want {
 				t.Errorf("gcd(%d, %d) = %d, want %d", tt.arg1, tt.arg2, got, tt.want)
 			}
 		})
 	}
 }
 
-func Test_lcm(t *testing.T) {
+func Test_LCM(t *testing.T) {
 	tests := []struct {
 		arg1 int
 		arg2 int
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ func Test_lcm(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run("", func(t *testing.T) {
-			if got := lcm(tt.arg1, tt.arg2); got != tt.want {
+			if got := LCM(tt.arg1, tt.arg2); got != tt.want {
 				t.Errorf("lcm(%d, %d) = %d, want %d", tt.arg1, tt.arg2, got, tt.want)
 			}
 		})

internal/util/mmap_other.go

@@ -1,22 +1,5 @@
-//go:build !unix || !(amd64 || arm64 || riscv64 || ppc64le) || sqlite3_noshm || sqlite3_nosys
+//go:build !unix
 
 package util
 
-import (
-	"context"
-
-	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/alloc"
-	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/experimental"
-)
-
 type mmapState struct{}
-
-func withAllocator(ctx context.Context) context.Context {
-	return experimental.WithMemoryAllocator(ctx,
-		experimental.MemoryAllocatorFunc(func(cap, max uint64) experimental.LinearMemory {
-			if cap == max {
-				return alloc.Virtual(cap, max)
-			}
-			return alloc.Slice(cap, max)
-		}))
-}

internal/util/mmap_unix.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-//go:build unix && (amd64 || arm64 || riscv64 || ppc64le) && !(sqlite3_noshm || sqlite3_nosys)
+//go:build unix
 
 package util
 
@@ -7,17 +7,10 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"unsafe"
 
-	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/alloc"
 	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/api"
-	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/experimental"
 	"golang.org/x/sys/unix"
 )
 
-func withAllocator(ctx context.Context) context.Context {
-	return experimental.WithMemoryAllocator(ctx,
-		experimental.MemoryAllocatorFunc(alloc.Virtual))
-}
-
 type mmapState struct {
 	regions []*MappedRegion
 }
@@ -62,10 +55,10 @@ type MappedRegion struct {
 	used bool
 }
 
-func MapRegion(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, f *os.File, offset int64, size int32, prot int) (*MappedRegion, error) {
+func MapRegion(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, f *os.File, offset int64, size int32, readOnly bool) (*MappedRegion, error) {
 	s := ctx.Value(moduleKey{}).(*moduleState)
 	r := s.new(ctx, mod, size)
-	err := r.mmap(f, offset, prot)
+	err := r.mmap(f, offset, readOnly)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -82,7 +75,11 @@ func (r *MappedRegion) Unmap() error {
 	return err
 }
 
-func (r *MappedRegion) mmap(f *os.File, offset int64, prot int) error {
+func (r *MappedRegion) mmap(f *os.File, offset int64, readOnly bool) error {
+	prot := unix.PROT_READ
+	if !readOnly {
+		prot |= unix.PROT_WRITE
+	}
 	_, err := unix.MmapPtr(int(f.Fd()), offset, r.addr, uintptr(r.size),
 		prot, unix.MAP_SHARED|unix.MAP_FIXED)
 	r.used = err == nil

internal/util/mmap_windows.go

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+package util
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"os"
+	"reflect"
+	"unsafe"
+
+	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/api"
+	"golang.org/x/sys/windows"
+)
+
+type MappedRegion struct {
+	windows.Handle
+	Data []byte
+	addr uintptr
+}
+
+func MapRegion(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, f *os.File, offset int64, size int32) (*MappedRegion, error) {
+	h, err := windows.CreateFileMapping(windows.Handle(f.Fd()), nil, windows.PAGE_READWRITE, 0, 0, nil)
+	if h == 0 {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	a, err := windows.MapViewOfFile(h, windows.FILE_MAP_WRITE,
+		uint32(offset>>32), uint32(offset), uintptr(size))
+	if a == 0 {
+		windows.CloseHandle(h)
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	res := &MappedRegion{Handle: h, addr: a}
+	// SliceHeader, although deprecated, avoids a go vet warning.
+	sh := (*reflect.SliceHeader)(unsafe.Pointer(&res.Data))
+	sh.Len = int(size)
+	sh.Cap = int(size)
+	sh.Data = a
+	return res, nil
+}
+
+func (r *MappedRegion) Unmap() error {
+	if r.Data == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	err := windows.UnmapViewOfFile(r.addr)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	r.Data = nil
+	return windows.CloseHandle(r.Handle)
+}

internal/util/module.go

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ import (
 	"context"
 
 	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/experimental"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/alloc"
 )
 
 type moduleKey struct{}
@@ -14,7 +16,7 @@ type moduleState struct {
 
 func NewContext(ctx context.Context) context.Context {
 	state := new(moduleState)
-	ctx = withAllocator(ctx)
+	ctx = experimental.WithMemoryAllocator(ctx, experimental.MemoryAllocatorFunc(alloc.NewMemory))
 	ctx = experimental.WithCloseNotifier(ctx, state)
 	ctx = context.WithValue(ctx, moduleKey{}, state)
 	return ctx

internal/util/pointer_test.go

@@ -1,15 +1,13 @@
-package util_test
+package util
 
 import (
 	"math"
 	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
 )
 
 func TestUnwrapPointer(t *testing.T) {
-	p := util.Pointer[float64]{Value: math.Pi}
-	if got := util.UnwrapPointer(p); got != math.Pi {
+	p := Pointer[float64]{Value: math.Pi}
+	if got := UnwrapPointer(p); got != math.Pi {
 		t.Errorf("want π, got %v", got)
 	}
 }

quote.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package sqlite3
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"math"
+	"reflect"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
@@ -13,6 +14,9 @@ import (
 
 // Quote escapes and quotes a value
 // making it safe to embed in SQL text.
+// Strings with embedded NUL characters are truncated.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/lang_corefunc.html#quote
 func Quote(value any) string {
 	switch v := value.(type) {
 	case nil:
@@ -42,8 +46,8 @@ func Quote(value any) string {
 		return "'" + v.Format(time.RFC3339Nano) + "'"
 
 	case string:
-		if strings.IndexByte(v, 0) >= 0 {
-			break
+		if i := strings.IndexByte(v, 0); i >= 0 {
+			v = v[:i]
 		}
 
 		buf := make([]byte, 2+len(v)+strings.Count(v, "'"))
@@ -57,13 +61,13 @@ func Quote(value any) string {
 			buf[i] = b
 			i += 1
 		}
-		buf[i] = '\''
+		buf[len(buf)-1] = '\''
 		return unsafe.String(&buf[0], len(buf))
 
 	case []byte:
 		buf := make([]byte, 3+2*len(v))
-		buf[0] = 'x'
 		buf[1] = '\''
+		buf[0] = 'x'
 		i := 2
 		for _, b := range v {
 			const hex = "0123456789ABCDEF"
@@ -71,26 +75,50 @@ func Quote(value any) string {
 			buf[i+1] = hex[b%16]
 			i += 2
 		}
-		buf[i] = '\''
+		buf[len(buf)-1] = '\''
 		return unsafe.String(&buf[0], len(buf))
 
 	case ZeroBlob:
-		if v > ZeroBlob(1e9-3)/2 {
-			break
-		}
-
 		buf := bytes.Repeat([]byte("0"), int(3+2*int64(v)))
-		buf[0] = 'x'
 		buf[1] = '\''
+		buf[0] = 'x'
 		buf[len(buf)-1] = '\''
 		return unsafe.String(&buf[0], len(buf))
 	}
 
+	v := reflect.ValueOf(value)
+	k := v.Kind()
+
+	if k == reflect.Interface || k == reflect.Pointer {
+		if v.IsNil() {
+			return "NULL"
+		}
+		v = v.Elem()
+		k = v.Kind()
+	}
+
+	switch {
+	case v.CanInt():
+		return strconv.FormatInt(v.Int(), 10)
+	case v.CanUint():
+		return strconv.FormatUint(v.Uint(), 10)
+	case v.CanFloat():
+		return Quote(v.Float())
+	case k == reflect.Bool:
+		return Quote(v.Bool())
+	case k == reflect.String:
+		return Quote(v.String())
+	case (k == reflect.Slice || k == reflect.Array && v.CanAddr()) &&
+		v.Type().Elem().Kind() == reflect.Uint8:
+		return Quote(v.Bytes())
+	}
+
 	panic(util.ValueErr)
 }
 
 // QuoteIdentifier escapes and quotes an identifier
 // making it safe to embed in SQL text.
+// Strings with embedded NUL characters panic.
 func QuoteIdentifier(id string) string {
 	if strings.IndexByte(id, 0) >= 0 {
 		panic(util.ValueErr)
@@ -107,6 +135,6 @@ func QuoteIdentifier(id string) string {
 		buf[i] = b
 		i += 1
 	}
-	buf[i] = '"'
+	buf[len(buf)-1] = '"'
 	return unsafe.String(&buf[0], len(buf))
 }

sqlite.go

@@ -9,11 +9,12 @@ import (
 	"sync"
 	"unsafe"
 
-	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
-	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs"
 	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero"
 	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/api"
 	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/experimental"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs"
 )
 
 // Configure SQLite Wasm.
@@ -49,10 +50,15 @@ func compileSQLite() {
 	cfg := RuntimeConfig
 	if cfg == nil {
 		cfg = wazero.NewRuntimeConfig()
+		if bits.UintSize >= 64 {
+			cfg = cfg.WithMemoryLimitPages(4096) // 256MB
+		} else {
+			cfg = cfg.WithMemoryLimitPages(512) // 32MB
+		}
 	}
+	cfg = cfg.WithCoreFeatures(api.CoreFeaturesV2 | experimental.CoreFeaturesThreads)
 
-	instance.runtime = wazero.NewRuntimeWithConfig(ctx,
-		cfg.WithCoreFeatures(api.CoreFeaturesV2|experimental.CoreFeaturesThreads))
+	instance.runtime = wazero.NewRuntimeWithConfig(ctx, cfg)
 
 	env := instance.runtime.NewHostModuleBuilder("env")
 	env = vfs.ExportHostFunctions(env)
@@ -131,7 +137,7 @@ func (sqlt *sqlite) error(rc uint64, handle uint32, sql ...string) error {
 			err.msg = util.ReadString(sqlt.mod, uint32(r), _MAX_LENGTH)
 		}
 
-		if sql != nil {
+		if len(sql) != 0 {
 			if r := sqlt.call("sqlite3_error_offset", uint64(handle)); r != math.MaxUint32 {
 				err.sql = sql[0][r:]
 			}
@@ -301,7 +307,7 @@ func (a *arena) string(s string) uint32 {
 
 func exportCallbacks(env wazero.HostModuleBuilder) wazero.HostModuleBuilder {
 	util.ExportFuncII(env, "go_progress_handler", progressCallback)
-	util.ExportFuncIIII(env, "go_busy_timeout", timeoutCallback)
+	util.ExportFuncIII(env, "go_busy_timeout", timeoutCallback)
 	util.ExportFuncIII(env, "go_busy_handler", busyCallback)
 	util.ExportFuncII(env, "go_commit_hook", commitCallback)
 	util.ExportFuncVI(env, "go_rollback_hook", rollbackCallback)

sqlite3/bind.c

@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@
 
 #include "sqlite3.h"
 
-int sqlite3_bind_text_go(sqlite3_stmt* stmt, int i, const char* zData,
+int sqlite3_bind_text_go(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int i, const char *zData,
                          sqlite3_uint64 nData) {
   return sqlite3_bind_text64(stmt, i, zData, nData, &sqlite3_free, SQLITE_UTF8);
 }
 
-int sqlite3_bind_blob_go(sqlite3_stmt* stmt, int i, const char* zData,
+int sqlite3_bind_blob_go(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int i, const char *zData,
                          sqlite3_uint64 nData) {
   return sqlite3_bind_blob64(stmt, i, zData, nData, &sqlite3_free);
 }

sqlite3/busy_timeout.patch

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-# Replace sqliteDefaultBusyCallback.
-# This patch allows Go to handle (and interrupt) sqlite3_busy_timeout.
+# Replace sqliteDefaultBusyCallback, so Go can
+# handle, and interrupt, sqlite3_busy_timeout.
 --- sqlite3.c.orig
 +++ sqlite3.c
-@@ -181614,7 +181614,7 @@
+@@ -182928,7 +182928,7 @@
    if( !sqlite3SafetyCheckOk(db) ) return SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT;
  #endif
    if( ms>0 ){

sqlite3/column.c

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ int sqlite3_columns_go(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int nCol, char *aType,
     switch (aType[i] = sqlite3_column_type(stmt, i)) {
       default:  // SQLITE_NULL
         aData[i] = (union sqlite3_data){};
+        continue;
       case SQLITE_INTEGER:
         aData[i].i = sqlite3_column_int64(stmt, i);
         continue;
@@ -37,6 +38,9 @@ int sqlite3_columns_go(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int nCol, char *aType,
     }
     if (ptr == NULL && rc == SQLITE_OK) {
       rc = sqlite3_errcode(sqlite3_db_handle(stmt));
+      if (rc == SQLITE_ROW || rc == SQLITE_DONE) {
+        rc = SQLITE_OK;
+      }
     }
     aData[i].ptr = ptr;
     aData[i].len = sqlite3_column_bytes(stmt, i);

sqlite3/download.sh

@@ -3,33 +3,43 @@ set -euo pipefail
 
 cd -P -- "$(dirname -- "$0")"
 
-curl -#OL "https://sqlite.org/2024/sqlite-amalgamation-3460100.zip"
+curl -#OL "https://sqlite.org/2024/sqlite-amalgamation-3470200.zip"
 unzip -d . sqlite-amalgamation-*.zip
-mv sqlite-amalgamation-*/sqlite3* .
+mv sqlite-amalgamation-*/sqlite3.c .
+mv sqlite-amalgamation-*/sqlite3.h .
+mv sqlite-amalgamation-*/sqlite3ext.h .
 rm -rf sqlite-amalgamation-*
 
+# To test a snapshot:
+# curl -# https://sqlite.org/snapshot/sqlite-snapshot-202410081727.tar.gz | tar xz
+# mv sqlite-snapshot-*/sqlite3.c .
+# mv sqlite-snapshot-*/sqlite3.h .
+# mv sqlite-snapshot-*/sqlite3ext.h .
+# rm -rf sqlite-snapshot-*
+
 cat *.patch | patch --no-backup-if-mismatch
 
 mkdir -p ext/
 cd ext/
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.46.1/ext/misc/anycollseq.c"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.46.1/ext/misc/base64.c"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.46.1/ext/misc/decimal.c"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.46.1/ext/misc/ieee754.c"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.46.1/ext/misc/regexp.c"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.46.1/ext/misc/series.c"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.46.1/ext/misc/uint.c"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.47.2/ext/misc/anycollseq.c"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.47.2/ext/misc/base64.c"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.47.2/ext/misc/decimal.c"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.47.2/ext/misc/ieee754.c"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.47.2/ext/misc/regexp.c"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.47.2/ext/misc/series.c"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.47.2/ext/misc/spellfix.c"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.47.2/ext/misc/uint.c"
 cd ~-
 
 cd ../vfs/tests/mptest/testdata/
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.46.1/mptest/mptest.c"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.46.1/mptest/config01.test"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.46.1/mptest/config02.test"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.46.1/mptest/crash01.test"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.46.1/mptest/crash02.subtest"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.46.1/mptest/multiwrite01.test"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.47.2/mptest/mptest.c"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.47.2/mptest/config01.test"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.47.2/mptest/config02.test"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.47.2/mptest/crash01.test"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.47.2/mptest/crash02.subtest"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.47.2/mptest/multiwrite01.test"
 cd ~-
 
 cd ../vfs/tests/speedtest1/testdata/
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.46.1/test/speedtest1.c"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.47.2/test/speedtest1.c"
 cd ~-

sqlite3/func.c

@@ -53,6 +53,9 @@ int sqlite3_collation_needed_go(sqlite3 *db, bool enable) {
 }
 
 int sqlite3_create_collation_go(sqlite3 *db, const char *name, go_handle app) {
+  if (app == NULL) {
+    return sqlite3_create_collation_v2(db, name, SQLITE_UTF8, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+  }
   int rc = sqlite3_create_collation_v2(db, name, SQLITE_UTF8, app, go_compare,
                                        go_destroy);
   if (rc) go_destroy(app);
@@ -61,6 +64,10 @@ int sqlite3_create_collation_go(sqlite3 *db, const char *name, go_handle app) {
 
 int sqlite3_create_function_go(sqlite3 *db, const char *name, int argc,
                                int flags, go_handle app) {
+  if (app == NULL) {
+    return sqlite3_create_function_v2(db, name, argc, SQLITE_UTF8 | flags, NULL,
+                                      NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+  }
   return sqlite3_create_function_v2(db, name, argc, SQLITE_UTF8 | flags, app,
                                     go_func_wrapper, /*step=*/NULL,
                                     /*final=*/NULL, go_destroy);
@@ -68,6 +75,10 @@ int sqlite3_create_function_go(sqlite3 *db, const char *name, int argc,
 
 int sqlite3_create_aggregate_function_go(sqlite3 *db, const char *name,
                                          int argc, int flags, go_handle app) {
+  if (app == NULL) {
+    return sqlite3_create_function_v2(db, name, argc, SQLITE_UTF8 | flags, NULL,
+                                      NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+  }
   return sqlite3_create_function_v2(db, name, argc, SQLITE_UTF8 | flags, app,
                                     /*func=*/NULL, go_step_wrapper,
                                     go_final_wrapper, go_destroy);
@@ -75,6 +86,10 @@ int sqlite3_create_aggregate_function_go(sqlite3 *db, const char *name,
 
 int sqlite3_create_window_function_go(sqlite3 *db, const char *name, int argc,
                                       int flags, go_handle app) {
+  if (app == NULL) {
+    return sqlite3_create_window_function(db, name, argc, SQLITE_UTF8 | flags,
+                                          NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+  }
   return sqlite3_create_window_function(
       db, name, argc, SQLITE_UTF8 | flags, app, go_step_wrapper,
       go_final_wrapper, go_value_wrapper, go_inverse_wrapper, go_destroy);

sqlite3/hooks.c

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 int go_progress_handler(void *);
 int go_busy_handler(void *, int);
-int go_busy_timeout(void *, int count, int tmout);
+int go_busy_timeout(int count, int tmout);
 
 int go_commit_hook(void *);
 void go_rollback_hook(void *);
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ unsigned int go_autovacuum_pages(void *, const char *, unsigned int,
                                  unsigned int, unsigned int);
 
 void sqlite3_progress_handler_go(sqlite3 *db, int n) {
-  sqlite3_progress_handler(db, n, go_progress_handler, /*arg=*/db);
+  sqlite3_progress_handler(db, n, go_progress_handler, /*arg=*/NULL);
 }
 
 int sqlite3_busy_handler_go(sqlite3 *db, bool enable) {
@@ -57,15 +57,16 @@ int sqlite3_config_log_go(bool enable) {
 }
 
 int sqlite3_autovacuum_pages_go(sqlite3 *db, go_handle app) {
-  int rc = sqlite3_autovacuum_pages(db, go_autovacuum_pages, app, go_destroy);
-  if (rc) go_destroy(app);
-  return rc;
+  if (app == NULL) {
+    return sqlite3_autovacuum_pages(db, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+  }
+  return sqlite3_autovacuum_pages(db, go_autovacuum_pages, app, go_destroy);
 }
 
 #ifndef sqliteBusyCallback
 
 static int sqliteBusyCallback(sqlite3 *db, int count) {
-  return go_busy_timeout(db, count, db->busyTimeout);
+  return go_busy_timeout(count, db->busyTimeout);
 }
 
 #endif

sqlite3/main.c

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include "ext/ieee754.c"
 #include "ext/regexp.c"
 #include "ext/series.c"
+#include "ext/spellfix.c"
 #include "ext/uint.c"
 // Bindings
 #include "bind.c"
@@ -26,6 +27,7 @@ __attribute__((constructor)) void init() {
   sqlite3_auto_extension((void (*)(void))sqlite3_ieee_init);
   sqlite3_auto_extension((void (*)(void))sqlite3_regexp_init);
   sqlite3_auto_extension((void (*)(void))sqlite3_series_init);
+  sqlite3_auto_extension((void (*)(void))sqlite3_spellfix_init);
   sqlite3_auto_extension((void (*)(void))sqlite3_uint_init);
   sqlite3_auto_extension((void (*)(void))sqlite3_time_init);
 }

sqlite3/result.c

@@ -1,13 +1,14 @@
+#include <math.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 
 #include "sqlite3.h"
 
-void sqlite3_result_text_go(sqlite3_context* ctx, const char* zData,
+void sqlite3_result_text_go(sqlite3_context *ctx, const char *zData,
                             sqlite3_uint64 nData) {
   sqlite3_result_text64(ctx, zData, nData, &sqlite3_free, SQLITE_UTF8);
 }
 
-void sqlite3_result_blob_go(sqlite3_context* ctx, const void* zData,
+void sqlite3_result_blob_go(sqlite3_context *ctx, const void *zData,
                             sqlite3_uint64 nData) {
   sqlite3_result_blob64(ctx, zData, nData, &sqlite3_free);
 }

sqlite3/vfs.c

@@ -89,59 +89,13 @@ struct go_file {
   go_handle handle;
 };
 
-int sqlite3_os_init() {
-  static sqlite3_vfs os_vfs = {
-      .iVersion = 2,
-      .szOsFile = sizeof(struct go_file),
-      .mxPathname = 1024,
-      .zName = "os",
-
-      .xOpen = go_open_wrapper,
-      .xDelete = go_delete,
-      .xAccess = go_access,
-      .xFullPathname = go_full_pathname,
-
-      .xRandomness = go_randomness,
-      .xSleep = go_sleep,
-      .xCurrentTimeInt64 = go_current_time_64,
-  };
-  return sqlite3_vfs_register(&os_vfs, /*default=*/true);
-}
-
-int localtime_s(struct tm *const pTm, time_t const *const pTime) {
-  return go_localtime(pTm, (sqlite3_int64)*pTime);
-}
-
 sqlite3_vfs *sqlite3_vfs_find(const char *zVfsName) {
-  if (zVfsName && go_vfs_find(zVfsName)) {
-    static sqlite3_vfs *go_vfs_list;
-
-    for (sqlite3_vfs *it = go_vfs_list; it; it = it->pNext) {
-      if (!strcmp(zVfsName, it->zName)) {
-        return it;
-      }
-    }
-
-    for (sqlite3_vfs **ptr = &go_vfs_list; *ptr;) {
-      sqlite3_vfs *it = *ptr;
-      if (go_vfs_find(it->zName)) {
-        ptr = &it->pNext;
-      } else {
-        *ptr = it->pNext;
-        free(it);
-      }
-    }
-
-    sqlite3_vfs *head = go_vfs_list;
-    go_vfs_list = malloc(sizeof(sqlite3_vfs) + strlen(zVfsName) + 1);
-    char *name = (char *)(go_vfs_list + 1);
-    strcpy(name, zVfsName);
-    *go_vfs_list = (sqlite3_vfs){
+  if (!zVfsName || !strcmp(zVfsName, "os")) {
+    static sqlite3_vfs os_vfs = {
         .iVersion = 2,
         .szOsFile = sizeof(struct go_file),
         .mxPathname = 1024,
-        .zName = name,
-        .pNext = head,
+        .zName = "os",
 
         .xOpen = go_open_wrapper,
         .xDelete = go_delete,
@@ -152,9 +106,60 @@ sqlite3_vfs *sqlite3_vfs_find(const char *zVfsName) {
         .xSleep = go_sleep,
         .xCurrentTimeInt64 = go_current_time_64,
     };
-    return go_vfs_list;
+    return &os_vfs;
   }
-  return sqlite3_vfs_find_orig(zVfsName);
+
+  if (!go_vfs_find(zVfsName)) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  static sqlite3_vfs *go_vfs_list;
+
+  for (sqlite3_vfs *it = go_vfs_list; it; it = it->pNext) {
+    if (!strcmp(zVfsName, it->zName)) {
+      return it;
+    }
+  }
+
+  for (sqlite3_vfs **ptr = &go_vfs_list; *ptr;) {
+    sqlite3_vfs *it = *ptr;
+    if (go_vfs_find(it->zName)) {
+      ptr = &it->pNext;
+    } else {
+      *ptr = it->pNext;
+      free(it);
+    }
+  }
+
+  sqlite3_vfs *head = go_vfs_list;
+  go_vfs_list = malloc(sizeof(sqlite3_vfs) + strlen(zVfsName) + 1);
+  char *name = (char *)(go_vfs_list + 1);
+  strcpy(name, zVfsName);
+  *go_vfs_list = (sqlite3_vfs){
+      .iVersion = 2,
+      .szOsFile = sizeof(struct go_file),
+      .mxPathname = 1024,
+      .zName = name,
+      .pNext = head,
+
+      .xOpen = go_open_wrapper,
+      .xDelete = go_delete,
+      .xAccess = go_access,
+      .xFullPathname = go_full_pathname,
+
+      .xRandomness = go_randomness,
+      .xSleep = go_sleep,
+      .xCurrentTimeInt64 = go_current_time_64,
+  };
+  return go_vfs_list;
+}
+
+int localtime_s(struct tm *const pTm, time_t const *const pTime) {
+  return go_localtime(pTm, (sqlite3_int64)*pTime);
+}
+
+int sqlite3_os_init() {
+  return SQLITE_OK;
 }
 
 static_assert(offsetof(sqlite3_vfs, zName) == 16, "Unexpected offset");

sqlite3/vfs_find.patch

@@ -1,13 +1,21 @@
-# Wrap sqlite3_vfs_find.
-# This patch allows Go VFSes to be (un)registered.
+# Remove VFS registration. Go handles it.
 --- sqlite3.c.orig
 +++ sqlite3.c
-@@ -26396,7 +26396,7 @@
- ** Locate a VFS by name.  If no name is given, simply return the
- ** first VFS on the list.
+@@ -26603,7 +26603,7 @@
+   sqlite3_free(p);
+   return sqlite3_os_init();
+ }
+-
++#if 0 // Go handles VFS registration.
+ /*
+ ** The list of all registered VFS implementations.
  */
--SQLITE_API sqlite3_vfs *sqlite3_vfs_find(const char *zVfs){
-+SQLITE_API sqlite3_vfs *sqlite3_vfs_find_orig(const char *zVfs){
-   sqlite3_vfs *pVfs = 0;
- #if SQLITE_THREADSAFE
-   sqlite3_mutex *mutex;
+@@ -26700,7 +26700,7 @@
+   sqlite3_mutex_leave(mutex);
+   return SQLITE_OK;
+ }
+-
++#endif
+ /************** End of os.c **************************************************/
+ /************** Begin file fault.c *******************************************/
+ /*

sqlite3/vtab.c

@@ -163,6 +163,10 @@ static int go_vtab_shadown_name_wrapper(const char *zName) { return true; }
 
 int sqlite3_create_module_go(sqlite3 *db, const char *zName, int flags,
                              go_handle handle) {
+  if (handle == NULL) {
+    return sqlite3_create_module_v2(db, zName, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+  }
+
   struct go_module *mod = malloc(sizeof(struct go_module));
   if (mod == NULL) {
     go_destroy(handle);

sqlite_test.go

@@ -6,12 +6,10 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
-	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero"
 )
 
 func init() {
 	Path = "./embed/sqlite3.wasm"
-	RuntimeConfig = wazero.NewRuntimeConfig().WithMemoryLimitPages(1024)
 }
 
 func Test_sqlite_error_OOM(t *testing.T) {