Remove go.work.

Bumps [golang.org/x/crypto](https://github.com/golang/crypto) from 0.32.0 to 0.33.0.
- [Commits](https://github.com/golang/crypto/compare/v0.32.0...v0.33.0)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: golang.org/x/crypto
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-minor
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

.github/actions/lfs/action.yml

@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-name: Git LFS pull
-description: Cached Git LFS pull.
-
-runs:
-  using: "composite"
-  steps:
-    - name: Create LFS file list
-      shell: bash
-      run: git lfs ls-files --long | cut -d ' ' -f1 | sort > .lfs-assets-id
-
-    - name: Restore LFS cache
-      uses: actions/cache@v4
-      with:
-        path: .git/lfs/objects
-        key: lfs-${{ hashFiles('.lfs-assets-id') }}
-        restore-keys: lfs-
-        enableCrossOsArchive: true
-
-    - name: Git LFS pull
-      shell: bash
-      run: |
-        git lfs pull
-        git lfs prune

.github/actions/vmactions/template.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+name: VM Actions matrix
+description: VM Actions matrix template
+
+inputs:
+  run:
+    description: The CI command to run
+    required: true
+
+runs:
+  using: composite
+  steps:
+    - uses: ${VMACTIONS}
+      with:
+        usesh: true
+        copyback: false
+        run: ${{inputs.run}}

.github/workflows/build-test.sh

@@ -8,4 +8,8 @@ for p in $(go list ./...); do
   name="$(basename "$p").test"
   (cd ${dir}; go test -c ${BUILDFLAGS:-})
   [ -f "${dir}/${name}" ] && echo "(cd ${dir}; ./${name} ${TESTFLAGS:-})" >> test.sh
-done
+done
+
+if [[ -v VMACTIONS ]]; then
+  envsubst < .github/actions/vmactions/template.yml > .github/actions/vmactions/action.yml
+fi

.github/workflows/cross.sh

@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-set -euo pipefail
-
-echo android       ; GOOS=android   GOARCH=amd64 go build .
-echo darwin        ; GOOS=darwin    GOARCH=amd64 go build .
-echo dragonfly     ; GOOS=dragonfly GOARCH=amd64 go build .
-echo freebsd       ; GOOS=freebsd   GOARCH=amd64 go build .
-echo illumos       ; GOOS=illumos   GOARCH=amd64 go build .
-echo ios           ; GOOS=ios       GOARCH=amd64 go build .
-echo linux         ; GOOS=linux     GOARCH=amd64 go build .
-echo netbsd        ; GOOS=netbsd    GOARCH=amd64 go build .
-echo openbsd       ; GOOS=openbsd   GOARCH=amd64 go build .
-echo plan9         ; GOOS=plan9     GOARCH=amd64 go build .
-echo solaris       ; GOOS=solaris   GOARCH=amd64 go build .
-echo windows       ; GOOS=windows   GOARCH=amd64 go build .
-echo aix           ; GOOS=aix       GOARCH=ppc64 go build .
-echo js            ; GOOS=js        GOARCH=wasm  go build .
-echo wasip1        ; GOOS=wasip1    GOARCH=wasm  go build .
-echo linux-flock   ; GOOS=linux     GOARCH=amd64 go build -tags sqlite3_flock .
-echo linux-dotlk   ; GOOS=linux     GOARCH=amd64 go build -tags sqlite3_dotlk .
-echo linux-nosys   ; GOOS=linux     GOARCH=amd64 go build -tags sqlite3_nosys .
-echo darwin-flock  ; GOOS=darwin    GOARCH=amd64 go build -tags sqlite3_flock .
-echo darwin-dotlk  ; GOOS=darwin    GOARCH=amd64 go build -tags sqlite3_dotlk .
-echo darwin-nosys  ; GOOS=darwin    GOARCH=amd64 go build -tags sqlite3_nosys .
-echo windows-dotlk ; GOOS=windows   GOARCH=amd64 go build -tags sqlite3_dotlk .
-echo windows-nosys ; GOOS=windows   GOARCH=amd64 go build -tags sqlite3_nosys .
-echo freebsd-dotlk ; GOOS=freebsd   GOARCH=amd64 go build -tags sqlite3_dotlk .
-echo freebsd-nosys ; GOOS=freebsd   GOARCH=amd64 go build -tags sqlite3_nosys .
-echo solaris-dotlk ; GOOS=solaris   GOARCH=amd64 go build -tags sqlite3_dotlk .

.github/workflows/cross.yml

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-name: Cross compile
-
-on:
-  workflow_dispatch:
-
-jobs:
-  build:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-
-    steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-    - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
-      with: { go-version: stable }
-
-    - name: Build
-      run: .github/workflows/cross.sh

.github/workflows/repro.sh

@@ -2,14 +2,14 @@
 set -euo pipefail
 
 if [[ "$OSTYPE" == "linux"* ]]; then
-  WASI_SDK="https://github.com/WebAssembly/wasi-sdk/releases/download/wasi-sdk-24/wasi-sdk-24.0-x86_64-linux.tar.gz"
-  BINARYEN="https://github.com/WebAssembly/binaryen/releases/download/version_120/binaryen-version_120-x86_64-linux.tar.gz"
+  WASI_SDK="https://github.com/WebAssembly/wasi-sdk/releases/download/wasi-sdk-25/wasi-sdk-25.0-x86_64-linux.tar.gz"
+  BINARYEN="https://github.com/WebAssembly/binaryen/releases/download/version_121/binaryen-version_121-x86_64-linux.tar.gz"
 elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == "darwin"* ]]; then
-  WASI_SDK="https://github.com/WebAssembly/wasi-sdk/releases/download/wasi-sdk-24/wasi-sdk-24.0-x86_64-macos.tar.gz"
-  BINARYEN="https://github.com/WebAssembly/binaryen/releases/download/version_120/binaryen-version_120-arm64-macos.tar.gz"
+  WASI_SDK="https://github.com/WebAssembly/wasi-sdk/releases/download/wasi-sdk-25/wasi-sdk-25.0-arm64-macos.tar.gz"
+  BINARYEN="https://github.com/WebAssembly/binaryen/releases/download/version_121/binaryen-version_121-arm64-macos.tar.gz"
 elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == "msys" || "$OSTYPE" == "cygwin" ]]; then
-  WASI_SDK="https://github.com/WebAssembly/wasi-sdk/releases/download/wasi-sdk-24/wasi-sdk-24.0-x86_64-windows.tar.gz"
-  BINARYEN="https://github.com/WebAssembly/binaryen/releases/download/version_120/binaryen-version_120-x86_64-windows.tar.gz"
+  WASI_SDK="https://github.com/WebAssembly/wasi-sdk/releases/download/wasi-sdk-25/wasi-sdk-25.0-x86_64-windows.tar.gz"
+  BINARYEN="https://github.com/WebAssembly/binaryen/releases/download/version_121/binaryen-version_121-x86_64-windows.tar.gz"
 fi
 
 # Download tools
@@ -27,8 +27,8 @@ embed/build.sh
 embed/bcw2/build.sh
 
 # Download and build sqlite-createtable-parser
-util/sql3util/parse/download.sh
-util/sql3util/parse/build.sh
+util/sql3util/wasm/download.sh
+util/sql3util/wasm/build.sh
 
 # Check diffs
 git diff --exit-code

.github/workflows/repro.yml

@@ -18,17 +18,15 @@ jobs:
     steps:
     - uses: ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd@v1
     - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-    - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
-      with: { go-version: stable }
 
     - name: Build
       shell: bash
       run: .github/workflows/repro.sh
 
-    - uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@v1
+    - uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@v2
       if: matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest'
       with:
         subject-path: |
           embed/sqlite3.wasm
           embed/bcw2/bcw2.wasm
-          util/sql3util/parse/sql3parse_table.wasm
+          util/sql3util/wasm/sql3parse_table.wasm

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -2,17 +2,17 @@ name: Test
 
 on:
   push:
-    branches: [ "main" ]
+    branches: [ 'main' ]
     paths:
       - '**.go'
+      - '**.mod'
       - '**.wasm'
-      - '**.wasm.bz2'
   pull_request:
-    branches: [ "main" ]
+    branches: [ 'main' ]
     paths:
       - '**.go'
+      - '**.mod'
       - '**.wasm'
-      - '**.wasm.bz2'
   workflow_dispatch:
 
 jobs:
@@ -27,9 +27,6 @@ jobs:
     - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
       with: { go-version: stable }
 
-    - name: Git LFS pull
-      uses: ./.github/actions/lfs
-
     - name: Format
       run: gofmt -s -w . && git diff --exit-code
       if: matrix.os != 'windows-latest'
@@ -52,21 +49,25 @@ jobs:
     - name: Test
       run: go test -v ./... -bench . -benchtime=1x
 
-    - name: Test no locks
-      run: go test -v -tags sqlite3_nosys ./...
-      if: matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest'
-
     - name: Test BSD locks
       run: go test -v -tags sqlite3_flock ./...
-      if: matrix.os == 'macos-latest'
+      if: matrix.os != 'windows-latest'
 
     - name: Test dot locks
       run: go test -v -tags sqlite3_dotlk ./...
       if: matrix.os != 'windows-latest'
 
+    - name: Test modules
+      shell: bash
+      run: |
+        go work init .
+        go work use -r embed gormlite
+        go test -v ./embed/bcw2/...
+
     - name: Test GORM
       shell: bash
       run: gormlite/test.sh
+      if: matrix.os != 'windows-latest'
 
     - name: Collect coverage
       run: go run github.com/dave/courtney@latest
@@ -83,60 +84,106 @@ jobs:
         github.event_name == 'push' &&
         matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest'
 
-  test-intel:
-    runs-on: macos-13
-    needs: test
-
-    steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-    - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
-      with: { go-version: stable }
-
-    - name: Git LFS pull
-      uses: ./.github/actions/lfs
-
-    - name: Test
-      run: go test -v ./...
-
   test-bsd:
     strategy:
       matrix:
         os:
           - name: freebsd
-            version: '14.1'
+            version: '14.2'
             flags: '-test.v'
-          - name: openbsd
-            version: '7.5'
+          - name: netbsd
+            version: '10.1'
+            flags: '-test.v'
+          - name: freebsd
+            arch: arm64
+            version: '14.2'
             flags: '-test.v -test.short'
           - name: netbsd
-            version: '10.0'
+            arch: arm64
+            version: '10.1'
+            flags: '-test.v -test.short'
+          - name: openbsd
+            version: '7.6'
             flags: '-test.v -test.short'
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     needs: test
 
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-    - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
-      with: { go-version: stable }
-
-    - name: Git LFS pull
-      uses: ./.github/actions/lfs
 
     - name: Build
       env:
         GOOS: ${{ matrix.os.name }}
+        GOARCH: ${{ matrix.os.arch }}
         TESTFLAGS: ${{ matrix.os.flags }}
       run: .github/workflows/build-test.sh
 
     - name: Test
-      uses: cross-platform-actions/action@v0.25.0
+      uses: cross-platform-actions/action@v0.27.0
       with:
         operating_system: ${{ matrix.os.name }}
+        architecture: ${{ matrix.os.arch }}
         version: ${{ matrix.os.version }}
         shell: bash
         run: . ./test.sh
         sync_files: runner-to-vm
 
+  test-vm:
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        os:
+          - name: dragonfly
+            action: 'vmactions/dragonflybsd-vm@v1'
+            tflags: '-test.v'
+          - name: illumos
+            action: 'vmactions/omnios-vm@v1'
+            tflags: '-test.v'
+          - name: solaris
+            action: 'vmactions/solaris-vm@v1'
+            bflags: '-tags sqlite3_dotlk'
+            tflags: '-test.v'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: test
+
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+    - name: Build
+      env:
+        GOOS: ${{ matrix.os.name }}
+        BUILDFLAGS: ${{ matrix.os.bflags }}
+        TESTFLAGS:  ${{ matrix.os.tflags }}
+        VMACTIONS:  ${{ matrix.os.action }}
+      run: .github/workflows/build-test.sh
+
+    - name: Test
+      uses: ./.github/actions/vmactions
+      with:
+        usesh: true
+        copyback: false
+        run: . ./test.sh
+
+  test-wasip1:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: test
+
+    steps:
+    - uses: bytecodealliance/actions/wasmtime/setup@v1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+    - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      with: { go-version: stable }
+
+    - name: Set path
+      run: echo "$(go env GOROOT)/misc/wasm" >> "$GITHUB_PATH"
+
+    - name: Test wasmtime
+      env:
+        GOOS: wasip1
+        GOARCH: wasm
+        GOWASIRUNTIME: wasmtime
+        GOWASIRUNTIMEARGS: '--env CI=true'
+      run: go test -v -short -tags sqlite3_dotlk -skip Example ./...
+
   test-qemu:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     needs: test
@@ -147,15 +194,9 @@ jobs:
     - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
       with: { go-version: stable }
 
-    - name: Git LFS pull
-      uses: ./.github/actions/lfs
-
     - name: Test 386 (32-bit)
       run: GOARCH=386 go test -v -short ./...
 
-    - name: Test arm64 (compiler)
-      run: GOARCH=arm64 go test -v -short ./...
-
     - name: Test riscv64 (interpreter)
       run: GOARCH=riscv64 go test -v -short ./...
 
@@ -165,8 +206,8 @@ jobs:
     - name: Test s390x (big-endian)
       run: GOARCH=s390x go test -v -short -tags sqlite3_dotlk ./...
 
-  test-vm:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+  test-linuxarm:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04-arm
     needs: test
 
     steps:
@@ -174,33 +215,17 @@ jobs:
     - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
       with: { go-version: stable }
 
-    - name: Git LFS pull
-      uses: ./.github/actions/lfs
+    - name: Test
+      run: go test -v ./...
 
-    - name: Build illumos
-      env:
-        GOOS: illumos
-        TESTFLAGS: '-test.v -test.short'
-      run: .github/workflows/build-test.sh
+  test-macintel:
+    runs-on: macos-13
+    needs: test
 
-    - name: Test illumos
-      uses: vmactions/omnios-vm@v1
-      with:
-        usesh: true
-        copyback: false
-        run: . ./test.sh
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+    - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      with: { go-version: stable }
 
-    - name: Build Solaris
-      env:
-        GOOS: solaris
-        TESTFLAGS: '-test.v -test.short'
-        BUILDFLAGS: '-tags sqlite3_dotlk'
-      run: .github/workflows/build-test.sh
-
-    - name: Test Solaris
-      uses: vmactions/solaris-vm@v1
-      with:
-        usesh: true
-        copyback: false
-        run: . ./test.sh
-      continue-on-error: true
+    - name: Test
+      run: go test -v ./...

.gitignore

@@ -5,6 +5,9 @@
 *.so
 *.dylib
 
+# Go workspace
+go.work*
+
 # Test binary, built with `go test -c`
 *.test
 

README.md

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ as well as direct access to most of the [C SQLite API](https://sqlite.org/cintro
 
 It wraps a [Wasm](https://webassembly.org/) [build](embed/) of SQLite,
 and uses [wazero](https://wazero.io/) as the runtime.\
-Go, wazero and [`x/sys`](https://pkg.go.dev/golang.org/x/sys) are the _only_ runtime dependencies.
+Go, wazero and [`x/sys`](https://pkg.go.dev/golang.org/x/sys) are the _only_ direct dependencies.
 
 ### Getting started
 
@@ -74,10 +74,10 @@ This project aims for [high test coverage](https://github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3
 It also benefits greatly from [SQLite's](https://sqlite.org/testing.html) and
 [wazero's](https://tetrate.io/blog/introducing-wazero-from-tetrate/#:~:text=Rock%2Dsolid%20test%20approach) thorough testing.
 
-Every commit is [tested](https://github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/wiki/Test-matrix) on
+Every commit is [tested](https://github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/wiki/Support-matrix) on
 Linux (amd64/arm64/386/riscv64/ppc64le/s390x), macOS (amd64/arm64),
-Windows (amd64), FreeBSD (amd64), OpenBSD (amd64), NetBSD (amd64),
-illumos (amd64), and Solaris (amd64).
+Windows (amd64), FreeBSD (amd64/arm64), OpenBSD (amd64), NetBSD (amd64/arm64),
+DragonFly BSD (amd64), illumos (amd64), and Solaris (amd64).
 
 The Go VFS is tested by running SQLite's
 [mptest](https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/blob/master/mptest/mptest.c).
@@ -90,9 +90,20 @@ Perfomance of the [`database/sql`](https://pkg.go.dev/database/sql) driver is
 The Wasm and VFS layers are also tested by running SQLite's
 [speedtest1](https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/blob/master/test/speedtest1.c).
 
+### FAQ, issues, new features
+
+For questions, please see [Discussions](https://github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/discussions/categories/q-a).
+
+Also, post there if you used this driver for something interesting
+([_"Show and tell"_](https://github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/discussions/categories/show-and-tell)),
+have an [idea](https://github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/discussions/categories/ideas)…
+
+The [Issue](https://github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/issues) tracker is for bugs we want fixed,
+and features we're working on, planning to work on, or asking for help with.
+
 ### Alternatives
 
 - [`modernc.org/sqlite`](https://pkg.go.dev/modernc.org/sqlite)
 - [`crawshaw.io/sqlite`](https://pkg.go.dev/crawshaw.io/sqlite)
 - [`github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3)
-- [`github.com/zombiezen/go-sqlite`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/zombiezen/go-sqlite)
+- [`github.com/zombiezen/go-sqlite`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/zombiezen/go-sqlite)

backup.go

@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ package sqlite3
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/backup.html
 type Backup struct {
 	c      *Conn
-	handle uint32
-	otherc uint32
+	handle ptr_t
+	otherc ptr_t
 }
 
 // Backup backs up srcDB on the src connection to the "main" database in dstURI.
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ func (src *Conn) BackupInit(srcDB, dstURI string) (*Backup, error) {
 	return src.backupInit(dst, "main", src.handle, srcDB)
 }
 
-func (c *Conn) backupInit(dst uint32, dstName string, src uint32, srcName string) (*Backup, error) {
+func (c *Conn) backupInit(dst ptr_t, dstName string, src ptr_t, srcName string) (*Backup, error) {
 	defer c.arena.mark()()
 	dstPtr := c.arena.string(dstName)
 	srcPtr := c.arena.string(srcName)
@@ -71,19 +71,19 @@ func (c *Conn) backupInit(dst uint32, dstName string, src uint32, srcName string
 		other = src
 	}
 
-	r := c.call("sqlite3_backup_init",
-		uint64(dst), uint64(dstPtr),
-		uint64(src), uint64(srcPtr))
-	if r == 0 {
+	ptr := ptr_t(c.call("sqlite3_backup_init",
+		stk_t(dst), stk_t(dstPtr),
+		stk_t(src), stk_t(srcPtr)))
+	if ptr == 0 {
 		defer c.closeDB(other)
-		r = c.call("sqlite3_errcode", uint64(dst))
-		return nil, c.sqlite.error(r, dst)
+		rc := res_t(c.call("sqlite3_errcode", stk_t(dst)))
+		return nil, c.sqlite.error(rc, dst)
 	}
 
 	return &Backup{
 		c:      c,
 		otherc: other,
-		handle: uint32(r),
+		handle: ptr,
 	}, nil
 }
 
@@ -97,10 +97,10 @@ func (b *Backup) Close() error {
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	r := b.c.call("sqlite3_backup_finish", uint64(b.handle))
+	rc := res_t(b.c.call("sqlite3_backup_finish", stk_t(b.handle)))
 	b.c.closeDB(b.otherc)
 	b.handle = 0
-	return b.c.error(r)
+	return b.c.error(rc)
 }
 
 // Step copies up to nPage pages between the source and destination databases.
@@ -108,11 +108,11 @@ func (b *Backup) Close() error {
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/backup_finish.html#sqlite3backupstep
 func (b *Backup) Step(nPage int) (done bool, err error) {
-	r := b.c.call("sqlite3_backup_step", uint64(b.handle), uint64(nPage))
-	if r == _DONE {
+	rc := res_t(b.c.call("sqlite3_backup_step", stk_t(b.handle), stk_t(nPage)))
+	if rc == _DONE {
 		return true, nil
 	}
-	return false, b.c.error(r)
+	return false, b.c.error(rc)
 }
 
 // Remaining returns the number of pages still to be backed up
@@ -120,8 +120,8 @@ func (b *Backup) Step(nPage int) (done bool, err error) {
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/backup_finish.html#sqlite3backupremaining
 func (b *Backup) Remaining() int {
-	r := b.c.call("sqlite3_backup_remaining", uint64(b.handle))
-	return int(int32(r))
+	n := int32(b.c.call("sqlite3_backup_remaining", stk_t(b.handle)))
+	return int(n)
 }
 
 // PageCount returns the total number of pages in the source database
@@ -129,6 +129,6 @@ func (b *Backup) Remaining() int {
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/backup_finish.html#sqlite3backuppagecount
 func (b *Backup) PageCount() int {
-	r := b.c.call("sqlite3_backup_pagecount", uint64(b.handle))
-	return int(int32(r))
+	n := int32(b.c.call("sqlite3_backup_pagecount", stk_t(b.handle)))
+	return int(n)
 }

blob.go

@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ type Blob struct {
 	c      *Conn
 	bytes  int64
 	offset int64
-	handle uint32
-	bufptr uint32
+	handle ptr_t
+	bufptr ptr_t
 	buflen int64
 }
 
@@ -37,23 +37,23 @@ func (c *Conn) OpenBlob(db, table, column string, row int64, write bool) (*Blob,
 	tablePtr := c.arena.string(table)
 	columnPtr := c.arena.string(column)
 
-	var flags uint64
+	var flags int32
 	if write {
 		flags = 1
 	}
 
 	c.checkInterrupt(c.handle)
-	r := c.call("sqlite3_blob_open", uint64(c.handle),
-		uint64(dbPtr), uint64(tablePtr), uint64(columnPtr),
-		uint64(row), flags, uint64(blobPtr))
+	rc := res_t(c.call("sqlite3_blob_open", stk_t(c.handle),
+		stk_t(dbPtr), stk_t(tablePtr), stk_t(columnPtr),
+		stk_t(row), stk_t(flags), stk_t(blobPtr)))
 
-	if err := c.error(r); err != nil {
+	if err := c.error(rc); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
 	blob := Blob{c: c}
-	blob.handle = util.ReadUint32(c.mod, blobPtr)
-	blob.bytes = int64(c.call("sqlite3_blob_bytes", uint64(blob.handle)))
+	blob.handle = util.Read32[ptr_t](c.mod, blobPtr)
+	blob.bytes = int64(int32(c.call("sqlite3_blob_bytes", stk_t(blob.handle))))
 	return &blob, nil
 }
 
@@ -67,10 +67,10 @@ func (b *Blob) Close() error {
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	r := b.c.call("sqlite3_blob_close", uint64(b.handle))
+	rc := res_t(b.c.call("sqlite3_blob_close", stk_t(b.handle)))
 	b.c.free(b.bufptr)
 	b.handle = 0
-	return b.c.error(r)
+	return b.c.error(rc)
 }
 
 // Size returns the size of the BLOB in bytes.
@@ -94,13 +94,13 @@ func (b *Blob) Read(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
 		want = avail
 	}
 	if want > b.buflen {
-		b.bufptr = b.c.realloc(b.bufptr, uint64(want))
+		b.bufptr = b.c.realloc(b.bufptr, want)
 		b.buflen = want
 	}
 
-	r := b.c.call("sqlite3_blob_read", uint64(b.handle),
-		uint64(b.bufptr), uint64(want), uint64(b.offset))
-	err = b.c.error(r)
+	rc := res_t(b.c.call("sqlite3_blob_read", stk_t(b.handle),
+		stk_t(b.bufptr), stk_t(want), stk_t(b.offset)))
+	err = b.c.error(rc)
 	if err != nil {
 		return 0, err
 	}
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ func (b *Blob) Read(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
 		err = io.EOF
 	}
 
-	copy(p, util.View(b.c.mod, b.bufptr, uint64(want)))
+	copy(p, util.View(b.c.mod, b.bufptr, want))
 	return int(want), err
 }
 
@@ -127,19 +127,19 @@ func (b *Blob) WriteTo(w io.Writer) (n int64, err error) {
 		want = avail
 	}
 	if want > b.buflen {
-		b.bufptr = b.c.realloc(b.bufptr, uint64(want))
+		b.bufptr = b.c.realloc(b.bufptr, want)
 		b.buflen = want
 	}
 
 	for want > 0 {
-		r := b.c.call("sqlite3_blob_read", uint64(b.handle),
-			uint64(b.bufptr), uint64(want), uint64(b.offset))
-		err = b.c.error(r)
+		rc := res_t(b.c.call("sqlite3_blob_read", stk_t(b.handle),
+			stk_t(b.bufptr), stk_t(want), stk_t(b.offset)))
+		err = b.c.error(rc)
 		if err != nil {
 			return n, err
 		}
 
-		mem := util.View(b.c.mod, b.bufptr, uint64(want))
+		mem := util.View(b.c.mod, b.bufptr, want)
 		m, err := w.Write(mem[:want])
 		b.offset += int64(m)
 		n += int64(m)
@@ -165,14 +165,14 @@ func (b *Blob) WriteTo(w io.Writer) (n int64, err error) {
 func (b *Blob) Write(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
 	want := int64(len(p))
 	if want > b.buflen {
-		b.bufptr = b.c.realloc(b.bufptr, uint64(want))
+		b.bufptr = b.c.realloc(b.bufptr, want)
 		b.buflen = want
 	}
 	util.WriteBytes(b.c.mod, b.bufptr, p)
 
-	r := b.c.call("sqlite3_blob_write", uint64(b.handle),
-		uint64(b.bufptr), uint64(want), uint64(b.offset))
-	err = b.c.error(r)
+	rc := res_t(b.c.call("sqlite3_blob_write", stk_t(b.handle),
+		stk_t(b.bufptr), stk_t(want), stk_t(b.offset)))
+	err = b.c.error(rc)
 	if err != nil {
 		return 0, err
 	}
@@ -196,17 +196,17 @@ func (b *Blob) ReadFrom(r io.Reader) (n int64, err error) {
 		want = 1
 	}
 	if want > b.buflen {
-		b.bufptr = b.c.realloc(b.bufptr, uint64(want))
+		b.bufptr = b.c.realloc(b.bufptr, want)
 		b.buflen = want
 	}
 
 	for {
-		mem := util.View(b.c.mod, b.bufptr, uint64(want))
+		mem := util.View(b.c.mod, b.bufptr, want)
 		m, err := r.Read(mem[:want])
 		if m > 0 {
-			r := b.c.call("sqlite3_blob_write", uint64(b.handle),
-				uint64(b.bufptr), uint64(m), uint64(b.offset))
-			err := b.c.error(r)
+			rc := res_t(b.c.call("sqlite3_blob_write", stk_t(b.handle),
+				stk_t(b.bufptr), stk_t(m), stk_t(b.offset)))
+			err := b.c.error(rc)
 			if err != nil {
 				return n, err
 			}
@@ -254,8 +254,8 @@ func (b *Blob) Seek(offset int64, whence int) (int64, error) {
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/blob_reopen.html
 func (b *Blob) Reopen(row int64) error {
 	b.c.checkInterrupt(b.c.handle)
-	err := b.c.error(b.c.call("sqlite3_blob_reopen", uint64(b.handle), uint64(row)))
-	b.bytes = int64(b.c.call("sqlite3_blob_bytes", uint64(b.handle)))
+	err := b.c.error(res_t(b.c.call("sqlite3_blob_reopen", stk_t(b.handle), stk_t(row))))
+	b.bytes = int64(int32(b.c.call("sqlite3_blob_bytes", stk_t(b.handle))))
 	b.offset = 0
 	return err
 }

config.go

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ func (c *Conn) Config(op DBConfig, arg ...bool) (bool, error) {
 	defer c.arena.mark()()
 	argsPtr := c.arena.new(intlen + ptrlen)
 
-	var flag int
+	var flag int32
 	switch {
 	case len(arg) == 0:
 		flag = -1
@@ -40,31 +40,31 @@ func (c *Conn) Config(op DBConfig, arg ...bool) (bool, error) {
 		flag = 1
 	}
 
-	util.WriteUint32(c.mod, argsPtr+0*ptrlen, uint32(flag))
-	util.WriteUint32(c.mod, argsPtr+1*ptrlen, argsPtr)
+	util.Write32(c.mod, argsPtr+0*ptrlen, flag)
+	util.Write32(c.mod, argsPtr+1*ptrlen, argsPtr)
 
-	r := c.call("sqlite3_db_config", uint64(c.handle),
-		uint64(op), uint64(argsPtr))
-	return util.ReadUint32(c.mod, argsPtr) != 0, c.error(r)
+	rc := res_t(c.call("sqlite3_db_config", stk_t(c.handle),
+		stk_t(op), stk_t(argsPtr)))
+	return util.Read32[uint32](c.mod, argsPtr) != 0, c.error(rc)
 }
 
 // ConfigLog sets up the error logging callback for the connection.
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/errlog.html
 func (c *Conn) ConfigLog(cb func(code ExtendedErrorCode, msg string)) error {
-	var enable uint64
+	var enable int32
 	if cb != nil {
 		enable = 1
 	}
-	r := c.call("sqlite3_config_log_go", enable)
-	if err := c.error(r); err != nil {
+	rc := res_t(c.call("sqlite3_config_log_go", stk_t(enable)))
+	if err := c.error(rc); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	c.log = cb
 	return nil
 }
 
-func logCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, _, iCode, zMsg uint32) {
+func logCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, _ ptr_t, iCode res_t, zMsg ptr_t) {
 	if c, ok := ctx.Value(connKey{}).(*Conn); ok && c.log != nil {
 		msg := util.ReadString(mod, zMsg, _MAX_LENGTH)
 		c.log(xErrorCode(iCode), msg)
@@ -88,93 +88,93 @@ func (c *Conn) FileControl(schema string, op FcntlOpcode, arg ...any) (any, erro
 	defer c.arena.mark()()
 	ptr := c.arena.new(max(ptrlen, intlen))
 
-	var schemaPtr uint32
+	var schemaPtr ptr_t
 	if schema != "" {
 		schemaPtr = c.arena.string(schema)
 	}
 
-	var rc uint64
-	var res any
+	var rc res_t
+	var ret any
 	switch op {
 	default:
 		return nil, MISUSE
 
 	case FCNTL_RESET_CACHE:
-		rc = c.call("sqlite3_file_control",
-			uint64(c.handle), uint64(schemaPtr),
-			uint64(op), 0)
+		rc = res_t(c.call("sqlite3_file_control",
+			stk_t(c.handle), stk_t(schemaPtr),
+			stk_t(op), 0))
 
 	case FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL, FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE:
-		var flag int
+		var flag int32
 		switch {
 		case len(arg) == 0:
 			flag = -1
 		case arg[0]:
 			flag = 1
 		}
-		util.WriteUint32(c.mod, ptr, uint32(flag))
-		rc = c.call("sqlite3_file_control",
-			uint64(c.handle), uint64(schemaPtr),
-			uint64(op), uint64(ptr))
-		res = util.ReadUint32(c.mod, ptr) != 0
+		util.Write32(c.mod, ptr, flag)
+		rc = res_t(c.call("sqlite3_file_control",
+			stk_t(c.handle), stk_t(schemaPtr),
+			stk_t(op), stk_t(ptr)))
+		ret = util.Read32[uint32](c.mod, ptr) != 0
 
 	case FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE:
-		util.WriteUint32(c.mod, ptr, uint32(arg[0].(int)))
-		rc = c.call("sqlite3_file_control",
-			uint64(c.handle), uint64(schemaPtr),
-			uint64(op), uint64(ptr))
+		util.Write32(c.mod, ptr, int32(arg[0].(int)))
+		rc = res_t(c.call("sqlite3_file_control",
+			stk_t(c.handle), stk_t(schemaPtr),
+			stk_t(op), stk_t(ptr)))
 
 	case FCNTL_RESERVE_BYTES:
 		bytes := -1
 		if len(arg) > 0 {
 			bytes = arg[0].(int)
 		}
-		util.WriteUint32(c.mod, ptr, uint32(bytes))
-		rc = c.call("sqlite3_file_control",
-			uint64(c.handle), uint64(schemaPtr),
-			uint64(op), uint64(ptr))
-		res = int(util.ReadUint32(c.mod, ptr))
+		util.Write32(c.mod, ptr, int32(bytes))
+		rc = res_t(c.call("sqlite3_file_control",
+			stk_t(c.handle), stk_t(schemaPtr),
+			stk_t(op), stk_t(ptr)))
+		ret = int(util.Read32[int32](c.mod, ptr))
 
 	case FCNTL_DATA_VERSION:
-		rc = c.call("sqlite3_file_control",
-			uint64(c.handle), uint64(schemaPtr),
-			uint64(op), uint64(ptr))
-		res = util.ReadUint32(c.mod, ptr)
+		rc = res_t(c.call("sqlite3_file_control",
+			stk_t(c.handle), stk_t(schemaPtr),
+			stk_t(op), stk_t(ptr)))
+		ret = util.Read32[uint32](c.mod, ptr)
 
 	case FCNTL_LOCKSTATE:
-		rc = c.call("sqlite3_file_control",
-			uint64(c.handle), uint64(schemaPtr),
-			uint64(op), uint64(ptr))
-		res = vfs.LockLevel(util.ReadUint32(c.mod, ptr))
+		rc = res_t(c.call("sqlite3_file_control",
+			stk_t(c.handle), stk_t(schemaPtr),
+			stk_t(op), stk_t(ptr)))
+		ret = util.Read32[vfs.LockLevel](c.mod, ptr)
 
 	case FCNTL_VFS_POINTER:
-		rc = c.call("sqlite3_file_control",
-			uint64(c.handle), uint64(schemaPtr),
-			uint64(op), uint64(ptr))
+		rc = res_t(c.call("sqlite3_file_control",
+			stk_t(c.handle), stk_t(schemaPtr),
+			stk_t(op), stk_t(ptr)))
 		if rc == _OK {
 			const zNameOffset = 16
-			ptr = util.ReadUint32(c.mod, ptr)
-			ptr = util.ReadUint32(c.mod, ptr+zNameOffset)
+			ptr = util.Read32[ptr_t](c.mod, ptr)
+			ptr = util.Read32[ptr_t](c.mod, ptr+zNameOffset)
 			name := util.ReadString(c.mod, ptr, _MAX_NAME)
-			res = vfs.Find(name)
+			ret = vfs.Find(name)
 		}
 
 	case FCNTL_FILE_POINTER, FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER:
-		rc = c.call("sqlite3_file_control",
-			uint64(c.handle), uint64(schemaPtr),
-			uint64(op), uint64(ptr))
+		rc = res_t(c.call("sqlite3_file_control",
+			stk_t(c.handle), stk_t(schemaPtr),
+			stk_t(op), stk_t(ptr)))
 		if rc == _OK {
 			const fileHandleOffset = 4
-			ptr = util.ReadUint32(c.mod, ptr)
-			ptr = util.ReadUint32(c.mod, ptr+fileHandleOffset)
-			res = util.GetHandle(c.ctx, ptr)
+			ptr = util.Read32[ptr_t](c.mod, ptr)
+			ptr = util.Read32[ptr_t](c.mod, ptr+fileHandleOffset)
+			ret = util.GetHandle(c.ctx, ptr)
 		}
 	}
 
 	if err := c.error(rc); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	return res, nil
+	return ret, nil
 }
 
 // Limit allows the size of various constructs to be
@@ -182,20 +182,20 @@ func (c *Conn) FileControl(schema string, op FcntlOpcode, arg ...any) (any, erro
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/limit.html
 func (c *Conn) Limit(id LimitCategory, value int) int {
-	r := c.call("sqlite3_limit", uint64(c.handle), uint64(id), uint64(value))
-	return int(int32(r))
+	v := int32(c.call("sqlite3_limit", stk_t(c.handle), stk_t(id), stk_t(value)))
+	return int(v)
 }
 
 // SetAuthorizer registers an authorizer callback with the database connection.
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/set_authorizer.html
 func (c *Conn) SetAuthorizer(cb func(action AuthorizerActionCode, name3rd, name4th, schema, inner string) AuthorizerReturnCode) error {
-	var enable uint64
+	var enable int32
 	if cb != nil {
 		enable = 1
 	}
-	r := c.call("sqlite3_set_authorizer_go", uint64(c.handle), enable)
-	if err := c.error(r); err != nil {
+	rc := res_t(c.call("sqlite3_set_authorizer_go", stk_t(c.handle), stk_t(enable)))
+	if err := c.error(rc); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	c.authorizer = cb
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ func (c *Conn) SetAuthorizer(cb func(action AuthorizerActionCode, name3rd, name4
 
 }
 
-func authorizerCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pDB uint32, action AuthorizerActionCode, zName3rd, zName4th, zSchema, zInner uint32) (rc AuthorizerReturnCode) {
+func authorizerCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pDB ptr_t, action AuthorizerActionCode, zName3rd, zName4th, zSchema, zInner ptr_t) (rc AuthorizerReturnCode) {
 	if c, ok := ctx.Value(connKey{}).(*Conn); ok && c.handle == pDB && c.authorizer != nil {
 		var name3rd, name4th, schema, inner string
 		if zName3rd != 0 {
@@ -227,15 +227,15 @@ func authorizerCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pDB uint32, action
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/trace_v2.html
 func (c *Conn) Trace(mask TraceEvent, cb func(evt TraceEvent, arg1 any, arg2 any) error) error {
-	r := c.call("sqlite3_trace_go", uint64(c.handle), uint64(mask))
-	if err := c.error(r); err != nil {
+	rc := res_t(c.call("sqlite3_trace_go", stk_t(c.handle), stk_t(mask)))
+	if err := c.error(rc); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	c.trace = cb
 	return nil
 }
 
-func traceCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, evt TraceEvent, pDB, pArg1, pArg2 uint32) (rc uint32) {
+func traceCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, evt TraceEvent, pDB, pArg1, pArg2 ptr_t) (rc res_t) {
 	if c, ok := ctx.Value(connKey{}).(*Conn); ok && c.handle == pDB && c.trace != nil {
 		var arg1, arg2 any
 		if evt == TRACE_CLOSE {
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ func traceCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, evt TraceEvent, pDB, pAr
 					case TRACE_STMT:
 						arg2 = s.SQL()
 					case TRACE_PROFILE:
-						arg2 = int64(util.ReadUint64(mod, pArg2))
+						arg2 = util.Read64[int64](mod, pArg2)
 					}
 					break
 				}
@@ -269,20 +269,20 @@ func (c *Conn) WALCheckpoint(schema string, mode CheckpointMode) (nLog, nCkpt in
 	nLogPtr := c.arena.new(ptrlen)
 	nCkptPtr := c.arena.new(ptrlen)
 	schemaPtr := c.arena.string(schema)
-	r := c.call("sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2",
-		uint64(c.handle), uint64(schemaPtr), uint64(mode),
-		uint64(nLogPtr), uint64(nCkptPtr))
-	nLog = int(int32(util.ReadUint32(c.mod, nLogPtr)))
-	nCkpt = int(int32(util.ReadUint32(c.mod, nCkptPtr)))
-	return nLog, nCkpt, c.error(r)
+	rc := res_t(c.call("sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2",
+		stk_t(c.handle), stk_t(schemaPtr), stk_t(mode),
+		stk_t(nLogPtr), stk_t(nCkptPtr)))
+	nLog = int(util.Read32[int32](c.mod, nLogPtr))
+	nCkpt = int(util.Read32[int32](c.mod, nCkptPtr))
+	return nLog, nCkpt, c.error(rc)
 }
 
 // WALAutoCheckpoint configures WAL auto-checkpoints.
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/wal_autocheckpoint.html
 func (c *Conn) WALAutoCheckpoint(pages int) error {
-	r := c.call("sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint", uint64(c.handle), uint64(pages))
-	return c.error(r)
+	rc := res_t(c.call("sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint", stk_t(c.handle), stk_t(pages)))
+	return c.error(rc)
 }
 
 // WALHook registers a callback function to be invoked
@@ -290,15 +290,15 @@ func (c *Conn) WALAutoCheckpoint(pages int) error {
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/wal_hook.html
 func (c *Conn) WALHook(cb func(db *Conn, schema string, pages int) error) {
-	var enable uint64
+	var enable int32
 	if cb != nil {
 		enable = 1
 	}
-	c.call("sqlite3_wal_hook_go", uint64(c.handle), enable)
+	c.call("sqlite3_wal_hook_go", stk_t(c.handle), stk_t(enable))
 	c.wal = cb
 }
 
-func walCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, _, pDB, zSchema uint32, pages int32) (rc uint32) {
+func walCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, _, pDB, zSchema ptr_t, pages int32) (rc res_t) {
 	if c, ok := ctx.Value(connKey{}).(*Conn); ok && c.handle == pDB && c.wal != nil {
 		schema := util.ReadString(mod, zSchema, _MAX_NAME)
 		err := c.wal(c, schema, int(pages))
@@ -311,15 +311,15 @@ func walCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, _, pDB, zSchema uint32, pa
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/autovacuum_pages.html
 func (c *Conn) AutoVacuumPages(cb func(schema string, dbPages, freePages, bytesPerPage uint) uint) error {
-	var funcPtr uint32
+	var funcPtr ptr_t
 	if cb != nil {
 		funcPtr = util.AddHandle(c.ctx, cb)
 	}
-	r := c.call("sqlite3_autovacuum_pages_go", uint64(c.handle), uint64(funcPtr))
-	return c.error(r)
+	rc := res_t(c.call("sqlite3_autovacuum_pages_go", stk_t(c.handle), stk_t(funcPtr)))
+	return c.error(rc)
 }
 
-func autoVacuumCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pApp, zSchema, nDbPage, nFreePage, nBytePerPage uint32) uint32 {
+func autoVacuumCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pApp, zSchema ptr_t, nDbPage, nFreePage, nBytePerPage uint32) uint32 {
 	fn := util.GetHandle(ctx, pApp).(func(schema string, dbPages, freePages, bytesPerPage uint) uint)
 	schema := util.ReadString(mod, zSchema, _MAX_NAME)
 	return uint32(fn(schema, uint(nDbPage), uint(nFreePage), uint(nBytePerPage)))
@@ -329,14 +329,14 @@ func autoVacuumCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pApp, zSchema, nDbP
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/hard_heap_limit64.html
 func (c *Conn) SoftHeapLimit(n int64) int64 {
-	return int64(c.call("sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64", uint64(n)))
+	return int64(c.call("sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64", stk_t(n)))
 }
 
 // HardHeapLimit imposes a hard limit on heap size.
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/hard_heap_limit64.html
 func (c *Conn) HardHeapLimit(n int64) int64 {
-	return int64(c.call("sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64", uint64(n)))
+	return int64(c.call("sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64", stk_t(n)))
 }
 
 // EnableChecksums enables checksums on a database.

conn.go

@@ -4,7 +4,9 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"math"
+	"math/rand"
 	"net/url"
+	"runtime"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
@@ -24,7 +26,6 @@ type Conn struct {
 	interrupt  context.Context
 	pending    *Stmt
 	stmts      []*Stmt
-	timer      *time.Timer
 	busy       func(context.Context, int) bool
 	log        func(xErrorCode, string)
 	collation  func(*Conn, string)
@@ -34,9 +35,11 @@ type Conn struct {
 	update     func(AuthorizerActionCode, string, string, int64)
 	commit     func() bool
 	rollback   func()
-	arena      arena
 
-	handle uint32
+	busy1st time.Time
+	busylst time.Time
+	arena   arena
+	handle  ptr_t
 }
 
 // Open calls [OpenFlags] with [OPEN_READWRITE], [OPEN_CREATE] and [OPEN_URI].
@@ -65,9 +68,9 @@ func OpenFlags(filename string, flags OpenFlag) (*Conn, error) {
 	return newConn(context.Background(), filename, flags)
 }
 
-type connKey struct{}
+type connKey = util.ConnKey
 
-func newConn(ctx context.Context, filename string, flags OpenFlag) (res *Conn, _ error) {
+func newConn(ctx context.Context, filename string, flags OpenFlag) (ret *Conn, _ error) {
 	err := ctx.Err()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -79,7 +82,7 @@ func newConn(ctx context.Context, filename string, flags OpenFlag) (res *Conn, _
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	defer func() {
-		if res == nil {
+		if ret == nil {
 			c.Close()
 			c.sqlite.close()
 		} else {
@@ -88,7 +91,7 @@ func newConn(ctx context.Context, filename string, flags OpenFlag) (res *Conn, _
 	}()
 
 	c.ctx = context.WithValue(c.ctx, connKey{}, c)
-	c.arena = c.newArena(1024)
+	c.arena = c.newArena()
 	c.handle, err = c.openDB(filename, flags)
 	if err == nil {
 		err = initExtensions(c)
@@ -99,21 +102,21 @@ func newConn(ctx context.Context, filename string, flags OpenFlag) (res *Conn, _
 	return c, nil
 }
 
-func (c *Conn) openDB(filename string, flags OpenFlag) (uint32, error) {
+func (c *Conn) openDB(filename string, flags OpenFlag) (ptr_t, error) {
 	defer c.arena.mark()()
 	connPtr := c.arena.new(ptrlen)
 	namePtr := c.arena.string(filename)
 
 	flags |= OPEN_EXRESCODE
-	r := c.call("sqlite3_open_v2", uint64(namePtr), uint64(connPtr), uint64(flags), 0)
+	rc := res_t(c.call("sqlite3_open_v2", stk_t(namePtr), stk_t(connPtr), stk_t(flags), 0))
 
-	handle := util.ReadUint32(c.mod, connPtr)
-	if err := c.sqlite.error(r, handle); err != nil {
+	handle := util.Read32[ptr_t](c.mod, connPtr)
+	if err := c.sqlite.error(rc, handle); err != nil {
 		c.closeDB(handle)
 		return 0, err
 	}
 
-	c.call("sqlite3_progress_handler_go", uint64(handle), 100)
+	c.call("sqlite3_progress_handler_go", stk_t(handle), 100)
 	if flags|OPEN_URI != 0 && strings.HasPrefix(filename, "file:") {
 		var pragmas strings.Builder
 		if _, after, ok := strings.Cut(filename, "?"); ok {
@@ -127,8 +130,8 @@ func (c *Conn) openDB(filename string, flags OpenFlag) (uint32, error) {
 		if pragmas.Len() != 0 {
 			c.checkInterrupt(handle)
 			pragmaPtr := c.arena.string(pragmas.String())
-			r := c.call("sqlite3_exec", uint64(handle), uint64(pragmaPtr), 0, 0, 0)
-			if err := c.sqlite.error(r, handle, pragmas.String()); err != nil {
+			rc := res_t(c.call("sqlite3_exec", stk_t(handle), stk_t(pragmaPtr), 0, 0, 0))
+			if err := c.sqlite.error(rc, handle, pragmas.String()); err != nil {
 				err = fmt.Errorf("sqlite3: invalid _pragma: %w", err)
 				c.closeDB(handle)
 				return 0, err
@@ -138,9 +141,9 @@ func (c *Conn) openDB(filename string, flags OpenFlag) (uint32, error) {
 	return handle, nil
 }
 
-func (c *Conn) closeDB(handle uint32) {
-	r := c.call("sqlite3_close_v2", uint64(handle))
-	if err := c.sqlite.error(r, handle); err != nil {
+func (c *Conn) closeDB(handle ptr_t) {
+	rc := res_t(c.call("sqlite3_close_v2", stk_t(handle)))
+	if err := c.sqlite.error(rc, handle); err != nil {
 		panic(err)
 	}
 }
@@ -162,8 +165,8 @@ func (c *Conn) Close() error {
 	c.pending.Close()
 	c.pending = nil
 
-	r := c.call("sqlite3_close", uint64(c.handle))
-	if err := c.error(r); err != nil {
+	rc := res_t(c.call("sqlite3_close", stk_t(c.handle)))
+	if err := c.error(rc); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
@@ -180,8 +183,8 @@ func (c *Conn) Exec(sql string) error {
 	sqlPtr := c.arena.string(sql)
 
 	c.checkInterrupt(c.handle)
-	r := c.call("sqlite3_exec", uint64(c.handle), uint64(sqlPtr), 0, 0, 0)
-	return c.error(r, sql)
+	rc := res_t(c.call("sqlite3_exec", stk_t(c.handle), stk_t(sqlPtr), 0, 0, 0))
+	return c.error(rc, sql)
 }
 
 // Prepare calls [Conn.PrepareFlags] with no flags.
@@ -206,17 +209,17 @@ func (c *Conn) PrepareFlags(sql string, flags PrepareFlag) (stmt *Stmt, tail str
 	sqlPtr := c.arena.string(sql)
 
 	c.checkInterrupt(c.handle)
-	r := c.call("sqlite3_prepare_v3", uint64(c.handle),
-		uint64(sqlPtr), uint64(len(sql)+1), uint64(flags),
-		uint64(stmtPtr), uint64(tailPtr))
+	rc := res_t(c.call("sqlite3_prepare_v3", stk_t(c.handle),
+		stk_t(sqlPtr), stk_t(len(sql)+1), stk_t(flags),
+		stk_t(stmtPtr), stk_t(tailPtr)))
 
 	stmt = &Stmt{c: c}
-	stmt.handle = util.ReadUint32(c.mod, stmtPtr)
-	if sql := sql[util.ReadUint32(c.mod, tailPtr)-sqlPtr:]; sql != "" {
+	stmt.handle = util.Read32[ptr_t](c.mod, stmtPtr)
+	if sql := sql[util.Read32[ptr_t](c.mod, tailPtr)-sqlPtr:]; sql != "" {
 		tail = sql
 	}
 
-	if err := c.error(r, sql); err != nil {
+	if err := c.error(rc, sql); err != nil {
 		return nil, "", err
 	}
 	if stmt.handle == 0 {
@@ -230,9 +233,7 @@ func (c *Conn) PrepareFlags(sql string, flags PrepareFlag) (stmt *Stmt, tail str
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/db_name.html
 func (c *Conn) DBName(n int) string {
-	r := c.call("sqlite3_db_name", uint64(c.handle), uint64(n))
-
-	ptr := uint32(r)
+	ptr := ptr_t(c.call("sqlite3_db_name", stk_t(c.handle), stk_t(n)))
 	if ptr == 0 {
 		return ""
 	}
@@ -243,34 +244,34 @@ func (c *Conn) DBName(n int) string {
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/db_filename.html
 func (c *Conn) Filename(schema string) *vfs.Filename {
-	var ptr uint32
+	var ptr ptr_t
 	if schema != "" {
 		defer c.arena.mark()()
 		ptr = c.arena.string(schema)
 	}
-	r := c.call("sqlite3_db_filename", uint64(c.handle), uint64(ptr))
-	return vfs.GetFilename(c.ctx, c.mod, uint32(r), vfs.OPEN_MAIN_DB)
+	ptr = ptr_t(c.call("sqlite3_db_filename", stk_t(c.handle), stk_t(ptr)))
+	return vfs.GetFilename(c.ctx, c.mod, ptr, vfs.OPEN_MAIN_DB)
 }
 
 // ReadOnly determines if a database is read-only.
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/db_readonly.html
 func (c *Conn) ReadOnly(schema string) (ro bool, ok bool) {
-	var ptr uint32
+	var ptr ptr_t
 	if schema != "" {
 		defer c.arena.mark()()
 		ptr = c.arena.string(schema)
 	}
-	r := c.call("sqlite3_db_readonly", uint64(c.handle), uint64(ptr))
-	return int32(r) > 0, int32(r) < 0
+	b := int32(c.call("sqlite3_db_readonly", stk_t(c.handle), stk_t(ptr)))
+	return b > 0, b < 0
 }
 
 // GetAutocommit tests the connection for auto-commit mode.
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/get_autocommit.html
 func (c *Conn) GetAutocommit() bool {
-	r := c.call("sqlite3_get_autocommit", uint64(c.handle))
-	return r != 0
+	b := int32(c.call("sqlite3_get_autocommit", stk_t(c.handle)))
+	return b != 0
 }
 
 // LastInsertRowID returns the rowid of the most recent successful INSERT
@@ -278,8 +279,7 @@ func (c *Conn) GetAutocommit() bool {
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/last_insert_rowid.html
 func (c *Conn) LastInsertRowID() int64 {
-	r := c.call("sqlite3_last_insert_rowid", uint64(c.handle))
-	return int64(r)
+	return int64(c.call("sqlite3_last_insert_rowid", stk_t(c.handle)))
 }
 
 // SetLastInsertRowID allows the application to set the value returned by
@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ func (c *Conn) LastInsertRowID() int64 {
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/set_last_insert_rowid.html
 func (c *Conn) SetLastInsertRowID(id int64) {
-	c.call("sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid", uint64(c.handle), uint64(id))
+	c.call("sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid", stk_t(c.handle), stk_t(id))
 }
 
 // Changes returns the number of rows modified, inserted or deleted
@@ -296,8 +296,7 @@ func (c *Conn) SetLastInsertRowID(id int64) {
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/changes.html
 func (c *Conn) Changes() int64 {
-	r := c.call("sqlite3_changes64", uint64(c.handle))
-	return int64(r)
+	return int64(c.call("sqlite3_changes64", stk_t(c.handle)))
 }
 
 // TotalChanges returns the number of rows modified, inserted or deleted
@@ -306,16 +305,15 @@ func (c *Conn) Changes() int64 {
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/total_changes.html
 func (c *Conn) TotalChanges() int64 {
-	r := c.call("sqlite3_total_changes64", uint64(c.handle))
-	return int64(r)
+	return int64(c.call("sqlite3_total_changes64", stk_t(c.handle)))
 }
 
 // ReleaseMemory frees memory used by a database connection.
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/db_release_memory.html
 func (c *Conn) ReleaseMemory() error {
-	r := c.call("sqlite3_db_release_memory", uint64(c.handle))
-	return c.error(r)
+	rc := res_t(c.call("sqlite3_db_release_memory", stk_t(c.handle)))
+	return c.error(rc)
 }
 
 // GetInterrupt gets the context set with [Conn.SetInterrupt].
@@ -351,10 +349,10 @@ func (c *Conn) SetInterrupt(ctx context.Context) (old context.Context) {
 		defer c.arena.mark()()
 		stmtPtr := c.arena.new(ptrlen)
 		loopPtr := c.arena.string(`WITH RECURSIVE c(x) AS (VALUES(0) UNION ALL SELECT x FROM c) SELECT x FROM c`)
-		c.call("sqlite3_prepare_v3", uint64(c.handle), uint64(loopPtr), math.MaxUint64,
-			uint64(PREPARE_PERSISTENT), uint64(stmtPtr), 0)
+		c.call("sqlite3_prepare_v3", stk_t(c.handle), stk_t(loopPtr), math.MaxUint64,
+			stk_t(PREPARE_PERSISTENT), stk_t(stmtPtr), 0)
 		c.pending = &Stmt{c: c}
-		c.pending.handle = util.ReadUint32(c.mod, stmtPtr)
+		c.pending.handle = util.Read32[ptr_t](c.mod, stmtPtr)
 	}
 
 	if old.Done() != nil && ctx.Err() == nil {
@@ -366,15 +364,20 @@ func (c *Conn) SetInterrupt(ctx context.Context) (old context.Context) {
 	return old
 }
 
-func (c *Conn) checkInterrupt(handle uint32) {
+func (c *Conn) checkInterrupt(handle ptr_t) {
 	if c.interrupt.Err() != nil {
-		c.call("sqlite3_interrupt", uint64(handle))
+		c.call("sqlite3_interrupt", stk_t(handle))
 	}
 }
 
-func progressCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, _ uint32) (interrupt uint32) {
-	if c, ok := ctx.Value(connKey{}).(*Conn); ok && c.interrupt.Err() != nil {
-		interrupt = 1
+func progressCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, _ ptr_t) (interrupt int32) {
+	if c, ok := ctx.Value(connKey{}).(*Conn); ok {
+		if c.interrupt.Done() != nil {
+			runtime.Gosched()
+		}
+		if c.interrupt.Err() != nil {
+			interrupt = 1
+		}
 	}
 	return interrupt
 }
@@ -384,43 +387,25 @@ func progressCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, _ uint32) (interrupt
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/busy_timeout.html
 func (c *Conn) BusyTimeout(timeout time.Duration) error {
 	ms := min((timeout+time.Millisecond-1)/time.Millisecond, math.MaxInt32)
-	r := c.call("sqlite3_busy_timeout", uint64(c.handle), uint64(ms))
-	return c.error(r)
+	rc := res_t(c.call("sqlite3_busy_timeout", stk_t(c.handle), stk_t(ms)))
+	return c.error(rc)
 }
 
-func timeoutCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, count, tmout int32) (retry uint32) {
+func timeoutCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, count, tmout int32) (retry int32) {
+	// https://fractaledmind.github.io/2024/04/15/sqlite-on-rails-the-how-and-why-of-optimal-performance/
 	if c, ok := ctx.Value(connKey{}).(*Conn); ok && c.interrupt.Err() == nil {
-		const delays = "\x01\x02\x05\x0a\x0f\x14\x19\x19\x19\x32\x32\x64"
-		const totals = "\x00\x01\x03\x08\x12\x21\x35\x4e\x67\x80\xb2\xe4"
-		const ndelay = int32(len(delays) - 1)
-
-		var delay, prior int32
-		if count <= ndelay {
-			delay = int32(delays[count])
-			prior = int32(totals[count])
-		} else {
-			delay = int32(delays[ndelay])
-			prior = int32(totals[ndelay]) + delay*(count-ndelay)
+		switch {
+		case count == 0:
+			c.busy1st = time.Now()
+		case time.Since(c.busy1st) >= time.Duration(tmout)*time.Millisecond:
+			return 0
 		}
-
-		if delay = min(delay, tmout-prior); delay > 0 {
-			delay := time.Duration(delay) * time.Millisecond
-			if c.interrupt.Done() == nil {
-				time.Sleep(delay)
-				return 1
-			}
-			if c.timer == nil {
-				c.timer = time.NewTimer(delay)
-			} else {
-				c.timer.Reset(delay)
-			}
-			select {
-			case <-c.interrupt.Done():
-				c.timer.Stop()
-			case <-c.timer.C:
-				return 1
-			}
+		if time.Since(c.busylst) < time.Millisecond {
+			const sleepIncrement = 2*1024*1024 - 1 // power of two, ~2ms
+			time.Sleep(time.Duration(rand.Int63() & sleepIncrement))
 		}
+		c.busylst = time.Now()
+		return 1
 	}
 	return 0
 }
@@ -429,19 +414,19 @@ func timeoutCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, count, tmout int32) (r
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/busy_handler.html
 func (c *Conn) BusyHandler(cb func(ctx context.Context, count int) (retry bool)) error {
-	var enable uint64
+	var enable int32
 	if cb != nil {
 		enable = 1
 	}
-	r := c.call("sqlite3_busy_handler_go", uint64(c.handle), enable)
-	if err := c.error(r); err != nil {
+	rc := res_t(c.call("sqlite3_busy_handler_go", stk_t(c.handle), stk_t(enable)))
+	if err := c.error(rc); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	c.busy = cb
 	return nil
 }
 
-func busyCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pDB uint32, count int32) (retry uint32) {
+func busyCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pDB ptr_t, count int32) (retry int32) {
 	if c, ok := ctx.Value(connKey{}).(*Conn); ok && c.handle == pDB && c.busy != nil {
 		interrupt := c.interrupt
 		if interrupt == nil {
@@ -462,16 +447,16 @@ func (c *Conn) Status(op DBStatus, reset bool) (current, highwater int, err erro
 	hiPtr := c.arena.new(intlen)
 	curPtr := c.arena.new(intlen)
 
-	var i uint64
+	var i int32
 	if reset {
 		i = 1
 	}
 
-	r := c.call("sqlite3_db_status", uint64(c.handle),
-		uint64(op), uint64(curPtr), uint64(hiPtr), i)
-	if err = c.error(r); err == nil {
-		current = int(util.ReadUint32(c.mod, curPtr))
-		highwater = int(util.ReadUint32(c.mod, hiPtr))
+	rc := res_t(c.call("sqlite3_db_status", stk_t(c.handle),
+		stk_t(op), stk_t(curPtr), stk_t(hiPtr), stk_t(i)))
+	if err = c.error(rc); err == nil {
+		current = int(util.Read32[int32](c.mod, curPtr))
+		highwater = int(util.Read32[int32](c.mod, hiPtr))
 	}
 	return
 }
@@ -482,7 +467,7 @@ func (c *Conn) Status(op DBStatus, reset bool) (current, highwater int, err erro
 func (c *Conn) TableColumnMetadata(schema, table, column string) (declType, collSeq string, notNull, primaryKey, autoInc bool, err error) {
 	defer c.arena.mark()()
 
-	var schemaPtr, columnPtr uint32
+	var schemaPtr, columnPtr ptr_t
 	declTypePtr := c.arena.new(ptrlen)
 	collSeqPtr := c.arena.new(ptrlen)
 	notNullPtr := c.arena.new(ptrlen)
@@ -496,21 +481,25 @@ func (c *Conn) TableColumnMetadata(schema, table, column string) (declType, coll
 		columnPtr = c.arena.string(column)
 	}
 
-	r := c.call("sqlite3_table_column_metadata", uint64(c.handle),
-		uint64(schemaPtr), uint64(tablePtr), uint64(columnPtr),
-		uint64(declTypePtr), uint64(collSeqPtr),
-		uint64(notNullPtr), uint64(primaryKeyPtr), uint64(autoIncPtr))
-	if err = c.error(r); err == nil && column != "" {
-		declType = util.ReadString(c.mod, util.ReadUint32(c.mod, declTypePtr), _MAX_NAME)
-		collSeq = util.ReadString(c.mod, util.ReadUint32(c.mod, collSeqPtr), _MAX_NAME)
-		notNull = util.ReadUint32(c.mod, notNullPtr) != 0
-		autoInc = util.ReadUint32(c.mod, autoIncPtr) != 0
-		primaryKey = util.ReadUint32(c.mod, primaryKeyPtr) != 0
+	rc := res_t(c.call("sqlite3_table_column_metadata", stk_t(c.handle),
+		stk_t(schemaPtr), stk_t(tablePtr), stk_t(columnPtr),
+		stk_t(declTypePtr), stk_t(collSeqPtr),
+		stk_t(notNullPtr), stk_t(primaryKeyPtr), stk_t(autoIncPtr)))
+	if err = c.error(rc); err == nil && column != "" {
+		if ptr := util.Read32[ptr_t](c.mod, declTypePtr); ptr != 0 {
+			declType = util.ReadString(c.mod, ptr, _MAX_NAME)
+		}
+		if ptr := util.Read32[ptr_t](c.mod, collSeqPtr); ptr != 0 {
+			collSeq = util.ReadString(c.mod, ptr, _MAX_NAME)
+		}
+		notNull = util.Read32[uint32](c.mod, notNullPtr) != 0
+		autoInc = util.Read32[uint32](c.mod, autoIncPtr) != 0
+		primaryKey = util.Read32[uint32](c.mod, primaryKeyPtr) != 0
 	}
 	return
 }
 
-func (c *Conn) error(rc uint64, sql ...string) error {
+func (c *Conn) error(rc res_t, sql ...string) error {
 	return c.sqlite.error(rc, c.handle, sql...)
 }
 

const.go

@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 package sqlite3
 
-import "strconv"
+import (
+	"strconv"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
+)
 
 const (
 	_OK   = 0   /* Successful result */
@@ -12,8 +16,14 @@ const (
 	_MAX_SQL_LENGTH   = 1e9
 	_MAX_FUNCTION_ARG = 100
 
-	ptrlen = 4
-	intlen = 4
+	ptrlen = util.PtrLen
+	intlen = util.IntLen
+)
+
+type (
+	stk_t = util.Stk_t
+	ptr_t = util.Ptr_t
+	res_t = util.Res_t
 )
 
 // ErrorCode is a result code that [Error.Code] might return.
@@ -166,6 +176,7 @@ const (
 	PREPARE_PERSISTENT PrepareFlag = 0x01
 	PREPARE_NORMALIZE  PrepareFlag = 0x02
 	PREPARE_NO_VTAB    PrepareFlag = 0x04
+	PREPARE_DONT_LOG   PrepareFlag = 0x10
 )
 
 // FunctionFlag is a flag that can be passed to
@@ -219,6 +230,7 @@ const (
 	DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS        DBStatus = 10
 	DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED   DBStatus = 11
 	DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL         DBStatus = 12
+	// DBSTATUS_MAX              DBStatus = 12
 )
 
 // DBConfig are the available database connection configuration options.

context.go

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ import (
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/context.html
 type Context struct {
 	c      *Conn
-	handle uint32
+	handle ptr_t
 }
 
 // Conn returns the database connection of the
@@ -32,14 +32,14 @@ func (ctx Context) Conn() *Conn {
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/get_auxdata.html
 func (ctx Context) SetAuxData(n int, data any) {
 	ptr := util.AddHandle(ctx.c.ctx, data)
-	ctx.c.call("sqlite3_set_auxdata_go", uint64(ctx.handle), uint64(n), uint64(ptr))
+	ctx.c.call("sqlite3_set_auxdata_go", stk_t(ctx.handle), stk_t(n), stk_t(ptr))
 }
 
 // GetAuxData returns metadata for argument n of the function.
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/get_auxdata.html
 func (ctx Context) GetAuxData(n int) any {
-	ptr := uint32(ctx.c.call("sqlite3_get_auxdata", uint64(ctx.handle), uint64(n)))
+	ptr := ptr_t(ctx.c.call("sqlite3_get_auxdata", stk_t(ctx.handle), stk_t(n)))
 	return util.GetHandle(ctx.c.ctx, ptr)
 }
 
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ func (ctx Context) ResultInt(value int) {
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/result_blob.html
 func (ctx Context) ResultInt64(value int64) {
 	ctx.c.call("sqlite3_result_int64",
-		uint64(ctx.handle), uint64(value))
+		stk_t(ctx.handle), stk_t(value))
 }
 
 // ResultFloat sets the result of the function to a float64.
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ func (ctx Context) ResultInt64(value int64) {
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/result_blob.html
 func (ctx Context) ResultFloat(value float64) {
 	ctx.c.call("sqlite3_result_double",
-		uint64(ctx.handle), math.Float64bits(value))
+		stk_t(ctx.handle), stk_t(math.Float64bits(value)))
 }
 
 // ResultText sets the result of the function to a string.
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ func (ctx Context) ResultFloat(value float64) {
 func (ctx Context) ResultText(value string) {
 	ptr := ctx.c.newString(value)
 	ctx.c.call("sqlite3_result_text_go",
-		uint64(ctx.handle), uint64(ptr), uint64(len(value)))
+		stk_t(ctx.handle), stk_t(ptr), stk_t(len(value)))
 }
 
 // ResultRawText sets the text result of the function to a []byte.
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ func (ctx Context) ResultText(value string) {
 func (ctx Context) ResultRawText(value []byte) {
 	ptr := ctx.c.newBytes(value)
 	ctx.c.call("sqlite3_result_text_go",
-		uint64(ctx.handle), uint64(ptr), uint64(len(value)))
+		stk_t(ctx.handle), stk_t(ptr), stk_t(len(value)))
 }
 
 // ResultBlob sets the result of the function to a []byte.
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ func (ctx Context) ResultRawText(value []byte) {
 func (ctx Context) ResultBlob(value []byte) {
 	ptr := ctx.c.newBytes(value)
 	ctx.c.call("sqlite3_result_blob_go",
-		uint64(ctx.handle), uint64(ptr), uint64(len(value)))
+		stk_t(ctx.handle), stk_t(ptr), stk_t(len(value)))
 }
 
 // ResultZeroBlob sets the result of the function to a zero-filled, length n BLOB.
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ func (ctx Context) ResultBlob(value []byte) {
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/result_blob.html
 func (ctx Context) ResultZeroBlob(n int64) {
 	ctx.c.call("sqlite3_result_zeroblob64",
-		uint64(ctx.handle), uint64(n))
+		stk_t(ctx.handle), stk_t(n))
 }
 
 // ResultNull sets the result of the function to NULL.
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ func (ctx Context) ResultZeroBlob(n int64) {
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/result_blob.html
 func (ctx Context) ResultNull() {
 	ctx.c.call("sqlite3_result_null",
-		uint64(ctx.handle))
+		stk_t(ctx.handle))
 }
 
 // ResultTime sets the result of the function to a [time.Time].
@@ -146,14 +146,14 @@ func (ctx Context) ResultTime(value time.Time, format TimeFormat) {
 }
 
 func (ctx Context) resultRFC3339Nano(value time.Time) {
-	const maxlen = uint64(len(time.RFC3339Nano)) + 5
+	const maxlen = int64(len(time.RFC3339Nano)) + 5
 
 	ptr := ctx.c.new(maxlen)
 	buf := util.View(ctx.c.mod, ptr, maxlen)
 	buf = value.AppendFormat(buf[:0], time.RFC3339Nano)
 
 	ctx.c.call("sqlite3_result_text_go",
-		uint64(ctx.handle), uint64(ptr), uint64(len(buf)))
+		stk_t(ctx.handle), stk_t(ptr), stk_t(len(buf)))
 }
 
 // ResultPointer sets the result of the function to NULL, just like [Context.ResultNull],
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ func (ctx Context) resultRFC3339Nano(value time.Time) {
 func (ctx Context) ResultPointer(ptr any) {
 	valPtr := util.AddHandle(ctx.c.ctx, ptr)
 	ctx.c.call("sqlite3_result_pointer_go",
-		uint64(ctx.handle), uint64(valPtr))
+		stk_t(ctx.handle), stk_t(valPtr))
 }
 
 // ResultJSON sets the result of the function to the JSON encoding of value.
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ func (ctx Context) ResultValue(value Value) {
 		return
 	}
 	ctx.c.call("sqlite3_result_value",
-		uint64(ctx.handle), uint64(value.handle))
+		stk_t(ctx.handle), stk_t(value.handle))
 }
 
 // ResultError sets the result of the function an error.
@@ -196,12 +196,12 @@ func (ctx Context) ResultValue(value Value) {
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/result_blob.html
 func (ctx Context) ResultError(err error) {
 	if errors.Is(err, NOMEM) {
-		ctx.c.call("sqlite3_result_error_nomem", uint64(ctx.handle))
+		ctx.c.call("sqlite3_result_error_nomem", stk_t(ctx.handle))
 		return
 	}
 
 	if errors.Is(err, TOOBIG) {
-		ctx.c.call("sqlite3_result_error_toobig", uint64(ctx.handle))
+		ctx.c.call("sqlite3_result_error_toobig", stk_t(ctx.handle))
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -210,11 +210,11 @@ func (ctx Context) ResultError(err error) {
 		defer ctx.c.arena.mark()()
 		ptr := ctx.c.arena.string(msg)
 		ctx.c.call("sqlite3_result_error",
-			uint64(ctx.handle), uint64(ptr), uint64(len(msg)))
+			stk_t(ctx.handle), stk_t(ptr), stk_t(len(msg)))
 	}
 	if code != _OK {
 		ctx.c.call("sqlite3_result_error_code",
-			uint64(ctx.handle), uint64(code))
+			stk_t(ctx.handle), stk_t(code))
 	}
 }
 
@@ -223,6 +223,6 @@ func (ctx Context) ResultError(err error) {
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/vtab_nochange.html
 func (ctx Context) VTabNoChange() bool {
-	r := ctx.c.call("sqlite3_vtab_nochange", uint64(ctx.handle))
-	return r != 0
+	b := int32(ctx.c.call("sqlite3_vtab_nochange", stk_t(ctx.handle)))
+	return b != 0
 }

driver/driver.go

@@ -81,6 +81,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"net/url"
+	"reflect"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 	"unsafe"
@@ -107,17 +108,17 @@ func init() {
 // The second callback is called before the driver closes a connection.
 // The [sqlite3.Conn] can be used to execute queries, register functions, etc.
 func Open(dataSourceName string, fn ...func(*sqlite3.Conn) error) (*sql.DB, error) {
-	var drv SQLite
 	if len(fn) > 2 {
 		return nil, sqlite3.MISUSE
 	}
+	var init, term func(*sqlite3.Conn) error
 	if len(fn) > 1 {
-		drv.term = fn[1]
+		term = fn[1]
 	}
 	if len(fn) > 0 {
-		drv.init = fn[0]
+		init = fn[0]
 	}
-	c, err := drv.OpenConnector(dataSourceName)
+	c, err := newConnector(dataSourceName, init, term)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -125,10 +126,7 @@ func Open(dataSourceName string, fn ...func(*sqlite3.Conn) error) (*sql.DB, erro
 }
 
 // SQLite implements [database/sql/driver.Driver].
-type SQLite struct {
-	init func(*sqlite3.Conn) error
-	term func(*sqlite3.Conn) error
-}
+type SQLite struct{}
 
 var (
 	// Ensure these interfaces are implemented:
@@ -137,7 +135,7 @@ var (
 
 // Open implements [database/sql/driver.Driver].
 func (d *SQLite) Open(name string) (driver.Conn, error) {
-	c, err := d.newConnector(name)
+	c, err := newConnector(name, nil, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -146,11 +144,11 @@ func (d *SQLite) Open(name string) (driver.Conn, error) {
 
 // OpenConnector implements [database/sql/driver.DriverContext].
 func (d *SQLite) OpenConnector(name string) (driver.Connector, error) {
-	return d.newConnector(name)
+	return newConnector(name, nil, nil)
 }
 
-func (d *SQLite) newConnector(name string) (*connector, error) {
-	c := connector{driver: d, name: name}
+func newConnector(name string, init, term func(*sqlite3.Conn) error) (*connector, error) {
+	c := connector{name: name, init: init, term: term}
 
 	var txlock, timefmt string
 	if strings.HasPrefix(name, "file:") {
@@ -190,7 +188,8 @@ func (d *SQLite) newConnector(name string) (*connector, error) {
 }
 
 type connector struct {
-	driver  *SQLite
+	init    func(*sqlite3.Conn) error
+	term    func(*sqlite3.Conn) error
 	name    string
 	txLock  string
 	tmRead  sqlite3.TimeFormat
@@ -199,10 +198,10 @@ type connector struct {
 }
 
 func (n *connector) Driver() driver.Driver {
-	return n.driver
+	return &SQLite{}
 }
 
-func (n *connector) Connect(ctx context.Context) (res driver.Conn, err error) {
+func (n *connector) Connect(ctx context.Context) (ret driver.Conn, err error) {
 	c := &conn{
 		txLock:  n.txLock,
 		tmRead:  n.tmRead,
@@ -214,7 +213,7 @@ func (n *connector) Connect(ctx context.Context) (res driver.Conn, err error) {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	defer func() {
-		if res == nil {
+		if ret == nil {
 			c.Close()
 		}
 	}()
@@ -228,13 +227,13 @@ func (n *connector) Connect(ctx context.Context) (res driver.Conn, err error) {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 	}
-	if n.driver.init != nil {
-		err = n.driver.init(c.Conn)
+	if n.init != nil {
+		err = n.init(c.Conn)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 	}
-	if n.pragmas || n.driver.init != nil {
+	if n.pragmas || n.init != nil {
 		s, _, err := c.Conn.Prepare(`PRAGMA query_only`)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
@@ -250,9 +249,9 @@ func (n *connector) Connect(ctx context.Context) (res driver.Conn, err error) {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 	}
-	if n.driver.term != nil {
+	if n.term != nil {
 		err = c.Conn.Trace(sqlite3.TRACE_CLOSE, func(sqlite3.TraceEvent, any, any) error {
-			return n.driver.term(c.Conn)
+			return n.term(c.Conn)
 		})
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
@@ -275,6 +274,7 @@ func (n *connector) Connect(ctx context.Context) (res driver.Conn, err error) {
 //	if err != nil {
 //		log.Fatal(err)
 //	}
+//	defer conn.Close()
 //
 //	err = conn.Raw(func(driverConn any) error {
 //		conn := driverConn.(driver.Conn)
@@ -288,6 +288,8 @@ func (n *connector) Connect(ctx context.Context) (res driver.Conn, err error) {
 type Conn interface {
 	Raw() *sqlite3.Conn
 	driver.Conn
+	driver.ConnBeginTx
+	driver.ConnPrepareContext
 }
 
 type conn struct {
@@ -301,10 +303,8 @@ type conn struct {
 
 var (
 	// Ensure these interfaces are implemented:
-	_ Conn                      = &conn{}
-	_ driver.ConnBeginTx        = &conn{}
-	_ driver.ConnPrepareContext = &conn{}
-	_ driver.ExecerContext      = &conn{}
+	_ Conn                 = &conn{}
+	_ driver.ExecerContext = &conn{}
 )
 
 func (c *conn) Raw() *sqlite3.Conn {
@@ -380,7 +380,7 @@ func (c *conn) PrepareContext(ctx context.Context, query string) (driver.Stmt, e
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	if tail != "" {
+	if notWhitespace(tail) {
 		s.Close()
 		return nil, util.TailErr
 	}
@@ -466,8 +466,9 @@ func (s *stmt) ExecContext(ctx context.Context, args []driver.NamedValue) (drive
 	old := s.Stmt.Conn().SetInterrupt(ctx)
 	defer s.Stmt.Conn().SetInterrupt(old)
 
-	err = s.Stmt.Exec()
-	s.Stmt.ClearBindings()
+	err = errors.Join(
+		s.Stmt.Exec(),
+		s.Stmt.ClearBindings())
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -581,8 +582,22 @@ type rows struct {
 	names []string
 	types []string
 	nulls []bool
+	scans []scantype
 }
 
+type scantype byte
+
+const (
+	_ANY  scantype = iota
+	_INT  scantype = scantype(sqlite3.INTEGER)
+	_REAL scantype = scantype(sqlite3.FLOAT)
+	_TEXT scantype = scantype(sqlite3.TEXT)
+	_BLOB scantype = scantype(sqlite3.BLOB)
+	_NULL scantype = scantype(sqlite3.NULL)
+	_BOOL scantype = iota
+	_TIME
+)
+
 var (
 	// Ensure these interfaces are implemented:
 	_ driver.RowsColumnTypeDatabaseTypeName = &rows{}
@@ -590,8 +605,9 @@ var (
 )
 
 func (r *rows) Close() error {
-	r.Stmt.ClearBindings()
-	return r.Stmt.Reset()
+	return errors.Join(
+		r.Stmt.Reset(),
+		r.Stmt.ClearBindings())
 }
 
 func (r *rows) Columns() []string {
@@ -606,21 +622,42 @@ func (r *rows) Columns() []string {
 	return r.names
 }
 
-func (r *rows) loadTypes() {
+func (r *rows) loadColumnMetadata() {
 	if r.nulls == nil {
 		count := r.Stmt.ColumnCount()
 		nulls := make([]bool, count)
 		types := make([]string, count)
+		scans := make([]scantype, count)
 		for i := range nulls {
 			if col := r.Stmt.ColumnOriginName(i); col != "" {
 				types[i], _, nulls[i], _, _, _ = r.Stmt.Conn().TableColumnMetadata(
 					r.Stmt.ColumnDatabaseName(i),
 					r.Stmt.ColumnTableName(i),
 					col)
+				types[i] = strings.ToUpper(types[i])
+				// These types are only used before we have rows,
+				// and otherwise as type hints.
+				// The first few ensure STRICT tables are strictly typed.
+				// The other two are type hints for booleans and time.
+				switch types[i] {
+				case "INT", "INTEGER":
+					scans[i] = _INT
+				case "REAL":
+					scans[i] = _REAL
+				case "TEXT":
+					scans[i] = _TEXT
+				case "BLOB":
+					scans[i] = _BLOB
+				case "BOOLEAN":
+					scans[i] = _BOOL
+				case "DATE", "TIME", "DATETIME", "TIMESTAMP":
+					scans[i] = _TIME
+				}
 			}
 		}
 		r.nulls = nulls
 		r.types = types
+		r.scans = scans
 	}
 }
 
@@ -637,7 +674,7 @@ func (r *rows) declType(index int) string {
 }
 
 func (r *rows) ColumnTypeDatabaseTypeName(index int) string {
-	r.loadTypes()
+	r.loadColumnMetadata()
 	decltype := r.types[index]
 	if len := len(decltype); len > 0 && decltype[len-1] == ')' {
 		if i := strings.LastIndexByte(decltype, '('); i >= 0 {
@@ -648,13 +685,57 @@ func (r *rows) ColumnTypeDatabaseTypeName(index int) string {
 }
 
 func (r *rows) ColumnTypeNullable(index int) (nullable, ok bool) {
-	r.loadTypes()
+	r.loadColumnMetadata()
 	if r.nulls[index] {
 		return false, true
 	}
 	return true, false
 }
 
+func (r *rows) ColumnTypeScanType(index int) (typ reflect.Type) {
+	r.loadColumnMetadata()
+	scan := r.scans[index]
+
+	if r.Stmt.Busy() {
+		// SQLite is dynamically typed and we now have a row.
+		// Always use the type of the value itself,
+		// unless the scan type is more specific
+		// and can scan the actual value.
+		val := scantype(r.Stmt.ColumnType(index))
+		useValType := true
+		switch {
+		case scan == _TIME && val != _BLOB && val != _NULL:
+			t := r.Stmt.ColumnTime(index, r.tmRead)
+			useValType = t == time.Time{}
+		case scan == _BOOL && val == _INT:
+			i := r.Stmt.ColumnInt64(index)
+			useValType = i != 0 && i != 1
+		case scan == _BLOB && val == _NULL:
+			useValType = false
+		}
+		if useValType {
+			scan = val
+		}
+	}
+
+	switch scan {
+	case _INT:
+		return reflect.TypeFor[int64]()
+	case _REAL:
+		return reflect.TypeFor[float64]()
+	case _TEXT:
+		return reflect.TypeFor[string]()
+	case _BLOB:
+		return reflect.TypeFor[[]byte]()
+	case _BOOL:
+		return reflect.TypeFor[bool]()
+	case _TIME:
+		return reflect.TypeFor[time.Time]()
+	default:
+		return reflect.TypeFor[any]()
+	}
+}
+
 func (r *rows) Next(dest []driver.Value) error {
 	old := r.Stmt.Conn().SetInterrupt(r.ctx)
 	defer r.Stmt.Conn().SetInterrupt(old)
@@ -667,7 +748,7 @@ func (r *rows) Next(dest []driver.Value) error {
 	}
 
 	data := unsafe.Slice((*any)(unsafe.SliceData(dest)), len(dest))
-	err := r.Stmt.Columns(data)
+	err := r.Stmt.Columns(data...)
 	for i := range dest {
 		if t, ok := r.decodeTime(i, dest[i]); ok {
 			dest[i] = t

driver/driver_test.go

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"math"
 	"net/url"
+	"reflect"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
@@ -224,8 +225,8 @@ func Test_Prepare(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	_, err = db.Prepare(`SELECT 1; `)
-	if err.Error() != string(util.TailErr) {
-		t.Error("want tailErr")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error(err)
 	}
 
 	_, err = db.Prepare(`SELECT 1; SELECT`)
@@ -365,3 +366,104 @@ func Test_time(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+func Test_ColumnType_ScanType(t *testing.T) {
+	var (
+		INT  = reflect.TypeFor[int64]()
+		REAL = reflect.TypeFor[float64]()
+		TEXT = reflect.TypeFor[string]()
+		BLOB = reflect.TypeFor[[]byte]()
+		BOOL = reflect.TypeFor[bool]()
+		TIME = reflect.TypeFor[time.Time]()
+		ANY  = reflect.TypeFor[any]()
+	)
+
+	t.Parallel()
+	tmp := memdb.TestDB(t)
+
+	db, err := sql.Open("sqlite3", tmp)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	_, err = db.Exec(`
+		CREATE TABLE test (
+			col_int  INTEGER,
+			col_real REAL,
+			col_text TEXT,
+			col_blob BLOB,
+			col_bool BOOLEAN,
+			col_time DATETIME,
+			col_decimal DECIMAL
+		);
+		INSERT INTO test VALUES
+			(1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1),
+			(2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0),
+			('1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1'),
+			('x', 'x', 'x', 'x', 'x', 'x', 'x'),
+			(x'', x'', x'', x'', x'', x'', x''),
+			('2006-01-02T15:04:05Z', '2006-01-02T15:04:05Z', '2006-01-02T15:04:05Z', '2006-01-02T15:04:05Z',
+			 '2006-01-02T15:04:05Z', '2006-01-02T15:04:05Z', '2006-01-02T15:04:05Z'),
+			(TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE),
+			(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+	`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	rows, err := db.Query(`SELECT * FROM test`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+
+	cols, err := rows.ColumnTypes()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	want := [][]reflect.Type{
+		{INT, REAL, TEXT, BLOB, BOOL, TIME, ANY},
+		{INT, REAL, TEXT, INT, BOOL, TIME, INT},
+		{INT, REAL, TEXT, REAL, INT, TIME, INT},
+		{INT, REAL, TEXT, TEXT, BOOL, TIME, INT},
+		{TEXT, TEXT, TEXT, TEXT, TEXT, TEXT, TEXT},
+		{BLOB, BLOB, BLOB, BLOB, BLOB, BLOB, BLOB},
+		{TEXT, TEXT, TEXT, TEXT, TEXT, TIME, TEXT},
+		{INT, REAL, TEXT, INT, BOOL, TIME, INT},
+		{ANY, ANY, ANY, BLOB, ANY, ANY, ANY},
+	}
+	for j, c := range cols {
+		got := c.ScanType()
+		if got != want[0][j] {
+			t.Errorf("want %v, got %v, at column %d", want[0][j], got, j)
+		}
+	}
+
+	dest := make([]any, len(cols))
+	for i := 1; rows.Next(); i++ {
+		cols, err := rows.ColumnTypes()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		for j, c := range cols {
+			got := c.ScanType()
+			if got != want[i][j] {
+				t.Errorf("want %v, got %v, at row %d column %d", want[i][j], got, i, j)
+			}
+			dest[j] = reflect.New(got).Interface()
+		}
+
+		err = rows.Scan(dest...)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Error(err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	err = rows.Err()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}

driver/example2_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-//go:build (linux || darwin || windows || freebsd || openbsd || netbsd || dragonfly || illumos || sqlite3_flock) && !sqlite3_nosys
+//go:build linux || darwin || windows || freebsd || openbsd || netbsd || dragonfly || illumos || sqlite3_flock || sqlite3_dotlk
 
 package driver_test
 

driver/example_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-//go:build ((linux || darwin || windows || freebsd || openbsd || netbsd || dragonfly || illumos) && !sqlite3_nosys) || sqlite3_flock || sqlite3_dotlk
+//go:build linux || darwin || windows || freebsd || openbsd || netbsd || dragonfly || illumos || sqlite3_flock || sqlite3_dotlk
 
 package driver_test
 

driver/savepoint_test.go

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver"
 	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed"
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/testcfg"
 	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs/memdb"
 )
 

driver/time.go

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 package driver
 
-import (
-	"time"
-)
+import "time"
 
 // Convert a string in [time.RFC3339Nano] format into a [time.Time]
 // if it roundtrips back to the same string.

driver/time_test.go

@@ -27,12 +27,12 @@ func Fuzz_stringOrTime_1(f *testing.F) {
 			// Make sure times round-trip to the same string:
 			// https://pkg.go.dev/database/sql#Rows.Scan
 			if v.Format(time.RFC3339Nano) != str {
-				t.Fatalf("did not round-trip: %q", str)
+				t.Errorf("did not round-trip: %q", str)
 			}
 		} else {
 			date, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339Nano, str)
 			if err == nil && date.Format(time.RFC3339Nano) == str {
-				t.Fatalf("would round-trip: %q", str)
+				t.Errorf("would round-trip: %q", str)
 			}
 		}
 	})

driver/util.go

@@ -12,3 +12,63 @@ func namedValues(args []driver.Value) []driver.NamedValue {
 	}
 	return named
 }
+
+func notWhitespace(sql string) bool {
+	const (
+		code = iota
+		slash
+		minus
+		ccomment
+		sqlcomment
+		endcomment
+	)
+
+	state := code
+	for _, b := range ([]byte)(sql) {
+		if b == 0 {
+			break
+		}
+
+		switch state {
+		case code:
+			switch b {
+			case '/':
+				state = slash
+			case '-':
+				state = minus
+			case ' ', ';', '\t', '\n', '\v', '\f', '\r':
+				continue
+			default:
+				return true
+			}
+		case slash:
+			if b != '*' {
+				return true
+			}
+			state = ccomment
+		case minus:
+			if b != '-' {
+				return true
+			}
+			state = sqlcomment
+		case ccomment:
+			if b == '*' {
+				state = endcomment
+			}
+		case sqlcomment:
+			if b == '\n' {
+				state = code
+			}
+		case endcomment:
+			switch b {
+			case '/':
+				state = code
+			case '*':
+				state = endcomment
+			default:
+				state = ccomment
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return state == slash || state == minus
+}

driver/util_test.go

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 package driver
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"database/sql/driver"
-	"reflect"
+	"slices"
 	"testing"
+
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed"
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/testcfg"
 )
 
 func Test_namedValues(t *testing.T) {
@@ -12,7 +16,71 @@ func Test_namedValues(t *testing.T) {
 		{Ordinal: 2, Value: false},
 	}
 	got := namedValues([]driver.Value{true, false})
-	if !reflect.DeepEqual(got, want) {
+	if !slices.Equal(got, want) {
 		t.Errorf("got %v, want %v", got, want)
 	}
 }
+
+func Fuzz_notWhitespace(f *testing.F) {
+	f.Add("")
+	f.Add(" ")
+	f.Add(";")
+	f.Add("0")
+	f.Add("-")
+	f.Add("-0")
+	f.Add("--")
+	f.Add("--0")
+	f.Add("--\n")
+	f.Add("--0\n")
+	f.Add("/0")
+	f.Add("/*")
+	f.Add("/*/")
+	f.Add("/**")
+	f.Add("/*0")
+	f.Add("/**/")
+	f.Add("/***/")
+	f.Add("/**0/")
+	f.Add("\v")
+	f.Add(" \v")
+	f.Add("\xf0")
+	f.Add("\000")
+
+	db, err := Open(":memory:")
+	if err != nil {
+		f.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	f.Fuzz(func(t *testing.T, str string) {
+		if len(str) > 128 {
+			t.SkipNow()
+		}
+
+		c, err := db.Conn(context.Background())
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		defer c.Close()
+
+		c.Raw(func(driverConn any) error {
+			conn := driverConn.(*conn).Conn
+			stmt, tail, err := conn.Prepare(str)
+			stmt.Close()
+
+			// It's hard to be bug for bug compatible with SQLite.
+			// We settle for somewhat less:
+			//   - if SQLite reports whitespace, we must too
+			//   - if we report whitespace, SQLite must not parse a statement
+			if notWhitespace(str) {
+				if stmt == nil && tail == "" && err == nil {
+					t.Errorf("was whitespace: %q", str)
+				}
+			} else {
+				if stmt != nil {
+					t.Errorf("was not whitespace: %q (%v)", str, err)
+				}
+			}
+			return nil
+		})
+	})
+}

embed/README.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Embeddable Wasm build of SQLite
 
-This folder includes an embeddable Wasm build of SQLite 3.47.0 for use with
+This folder includes an embeddable Wasm build of SQLite 3.49.0 for use with
 [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3).
 
 The following optional features are compiled in:

embed/bcw2/README.md

@@ -1,13 +1,19 @@
 # Embeddable Wasm build of SQLite
 
-This folder includes an embeddable Wasm build of SQLite 3.47.0, including the experimental
+This folder includes an alternative embeddable Wasm build of SQLite,
+which includes the experimental
 [`BEGIN CONCURRENT`](https://sqlite.org/src/doc/begin-concurrent/doc/begin_concurrent.md) and
 [Wal2](https://sqlite.org/cgi/src/doc/wal2/doc/wal2.md) patches.
 
+It also enables the optional
+[`UPDATE … ORDER BY … LIMIT`](https://sqlite.org/lang_update.html#optional_limit_and_order_by_clauses) and
+[`DELETE … ORDER BY … LIMIT`](https://sqlite.org/lang_delete.html#optional_limit_and_order_by_clauses) clauses,
+and the [`WITHIN GROUP ORDER BY`](https://sqlite.org/compile.html#enable_ordered_set_aggregates) aggregate syntax.
+
 > [!IMPORTANT]  
 > This package is experimental.
 > It is built from the `bedrock` branch of SQLite,
-> since that is _currently_ the most stable, maintained branch to include both features.
+> since that is _currently_ the most stable, maintained branch to include these features.
 
 > [!CAUTION]
 > The Wal2 journaling mode creates databases that other versions of SQLite cannot access.

embed/bcw2/bcw2_test.go

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/stats"
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs"
 )
 
@@ -15,7 +16,7 @@ func Test_bcw2(t *testing.T) {
 
 	tmp := filepath.ToSlash(filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "test.db"))
 
-	db, err := driver.Open("file:" + tmp + "?_pragma=journal_mode(wal2)&_txlock=concurrent")
+	db, err := driver.Open("file:"+tmp+"?_pragma=journal_mode(wal2)&_txlock=concurrent", stats.Register)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -32,6 +33,16 @@ func Test_bcw2(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
+	_, err = tx.Exec(`DELETE FROM test LIMIT 1`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	_, err = tx.Exec(`SELECT median() WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY col) FROM test`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
 	err = tx.Commit()
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
@@ -42,7 +53,7 @@ func Test_bcw2(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if version != "3.47.0" {
+	if version != "3.49.0" {
 		t.Error(version)
 	}
 }

embed/bcw2/build.sh

@@ -13,15 +13,15 @@ mkdir -p build/ext/
 cp "$ROOT"/sqlite3/*.[ch] build/
 cp "$ROOT"/sqlite3/*.patch build/
 
-# https://sqlite.org/src/info/d2d954d43abe20a3
-curl -# https://sqlite.org/src/tarball/sqlite.tar.gz?r=d2d954d4 | tar xz
+# https://sqlite.org/src/info/cc3ce784b0feea2f
+curl -# https://sqlite.org/src/tarball/sqlite.tar.gz?r=cc3ce784 | tar xz
 
 cd sqlite
 if [[ "$OSTYPE" == "msys" || "$OSTYPE" == "cygwin" ]]; then
-	MSYS_NO_PATHCONV=1 nmake /f makefile.msc sqlite3.c
+	MSYS_NO_PATHCONV=1 nmake /f makefile.msc sqlite3.c "OPTS=-DSQLITE_ENABLE_UPDATE_DELETE_LIMIT -DSQLITE_ENABLE_ORDERED_SET_AGGREGATES"
 else
-	sh configure
-	make sqlite3.c
+	sh configure --enable-update-limit
+	OPTS=-DSQLITE_ENABLE_ORDERED_SET_AGGREGATES make sqlite3.c
 fi
 cd ~-
 
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ mv sqlite/ext/misc/spellfix.c   build/ext/
 mv sqlite/ext/misc/uint.c       build/ext/
 
 cd build
-cat *.patch | patch --no-backup-if-mismatch
+cat *.patch | patch -p0 --no-backup-if-mismatch
 cd ~-
 
 "$WASI_SDK/clang" --target=wasm32-wasi -std=c23 -g0 -O2 \
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ cd ~-
 	-o bcw2.wasm "build/main.c" \
 	-I"build" \
 	-mexec-model=reactor \
-	-matomics -msimd128 -mmutable-globals -mmultivalue \
+	-msimd128 -mmutable-globals -mmultivalue \
 	-mbulk-memory -mreference-types \
 	-mnontrapping-fptoint -msign-ext \
 	-fno-stack-protector -fno-stack-clash-protection \
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ cd ~-
 	-Wl,--import-undefined \
 	-Wl,--initial-memory=327680 \
 	-D_HAVE_SQLITE_CONFIG_H \
+	-DSQLITE_ENABLE_UPDATE_DELETE_LIMIT \
 	-DSQLITE_CUSTOM_INCLUDE=sqlite_opt.h \
 	$(awk '{print "-Wl,--export="$0}' ../exports.txt)
 

embed/bcw2/go.mod

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+module github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed/bcw2
+
+go 1.22
+
+toolchain go1.23.0
+
+require github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3 v0.22.0
+
+require (
+	github.com/ncruces/julianday v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/ncruces/sort v0.1.2 // indirect
+	github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.8.2 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.30.0 // indirect
+)

embed/bcw2/go.sum

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3 v0.22.0 h1:FkGSBhd0TY6e66k1LVhyEpA+RnG/8QkQNed5pjIk4cs=
+github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3 v0.22.0/go.mod h1:ueXOZXYZS2OFQirCU3mHneDwJm5fGKHrtccYBeGEV7M=
+github.com/ncruces/julianday v1.0.0 h1:fH0OKwa7NWvniGQtxdJRxAgkBMolni2BjDHaWTxqt7M=
+github.com/ncruces/julianday v1.0.0/go.mod h1:Dusn2KvZrrovOMJuOt0TNXL6tB7U2E8kvza5fFc9G7g=
+github.com/ncruces/sort v0.1.2 h1:zKQ9CA4fpHPF6xsUhRTfi5EEryspuBpe/QA4VWQOV1U=
+github.com/ncruces/sort v0.1.2/go.mod h1:vEJUTBJtebIuCMmXD18GKo5GJGhsay+xZFOoBEIXFmE=
+github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.8.2 h1:yIgLR/b2bN31bjxwXHD8a3d+BogigR952csSDdLYEv4=
+github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.8.2/go.mod h1:yAI0XTsMBhREkM/YDAK/zNou3GoiAce1P6+rp/wQhjs=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.30.0 h1:QjkSwP/36a20jFYWkSue1YwXzLmsV5Gfq7Eiy72C1uc=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.30.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
+golang.org/x/text v0.21.0 h1:zyQAAkrwaneQ066sspRyJaG9VNi/YJ1NfzcGB3hZ/qo=
+golang.org/x/text v0.21.0/go.mod h1:4IBbMaMmOPCJ8SecivzSH54+73PCFmPWxNTLm+vZkEQ=

embed/bcw2/init.go

@@ -11,13 +11,14 @@ package bcw2
 
 import (
 	_ "embed"
+	"unsafe"
 
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
 )
 
 //go:embed bcw2.wasm
-var binary []byte
+var binary string
 
 func init() {
-	sqlite3.Binary = binary
+	sqlite3.Binary = unsafe.Slice(unsafe.StringData(binary), len(binary))
 }

embed/build.sh

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ trap 'rm -f sqlite3.tmp' EXIT
 	-o sqlite3.wasm "$ROOT/sqlite3/main.c" \
 	-I"$ROOT/sqlite3" \
 	-mexec-model=reactor \
-	-matomics -msimd128 -mmutable-globals -mmultivalue \
+	-msimd128 -mmutable-globals -mmultivalue \
 	-mbulk-memory -mreference-types \
 	-mnontrapping-fptoint -msign-ext \
 	-fno-stack-protector -fno-stack-clash-protection \

embed/exports.txt

@@ -77,6 +77,7 @@ sqlite3_get_autocommit
 sqlite3_get_auxdata
 sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64
 sqlite3_interrupt
+sqlite3_invoke_busy_handler_go
 sqlite3_last_insert_rowid
 sqlite3_limit
 sqlite3_malloc64

embed/init.go

@@ -8,13 +8,14 @@ package embed
 
 import (
 	_ "embed"
+	"unsafe"
 
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
 )
 
 //go:embed sqlite3.wasm
-var binary []byte
+var binary string
 
 func init() {
-	sqlite3.Binary = binary
+	sqlite3.Binary = unsafe.Slice(unsafe.StringData(binary), len(binary))
 }

embed/init_test.go

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ func Test_init(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if version != "3.47.0" {
+	if version != "3.49.0" {
 		t.Error(version)
 	}
 }

error.go

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ type Error struct {
 	str  string
 	msg  string
 	sql  string
-	code uint64
+	code res_t
 }
 
 // Code returns the primary error code for this error.
@@ -146,27 +146,27 @@ func (e ExtendedErrorCode) Code() ErrorCode {
 	return ErrorCode(e)
 }
 
-func errorCode(err error, def ErrorCode) (msg string, code uint32) {
+func errorCode(err error, def ErrorCode) (msg string, code res_t) {
 	switch code := err.(type) {
 	case nil:
 		return "", _OK
 	case ErrorCode:
-		return "", uint32(code)
+		return "", res_t(code)
 	case xErrorCode:
-		return "", uint32(code)
+		return "", res_t(code)
 	case *Error:
-		return code.msg, uint32(code.code)
+		return code.msg, res_t(code.code)
 	}
 
 	var ecode ErrorCode
 	var xcode xErrorCode
 	switch {
 	case errors.As(err, &xcode):
-		code = uint32(xcode)
+		code = res_t(xcode)
 	case errors.As(err, &ecode):
-		code = uint32(ecode)
+		code = res_t(ecode)
 	default:
-		code = uint32(def)
+		code = res_t(def)
 	}
 	return err.Error(), code
 }

error_test.go

@@ -59,14 +59,14 @@ func TestError_Temporary(t *testing.T) {
 
 	tests := []struct {
 		name string
-		code uint64
+		code res_t
 		want bool
 	}{
-		{"ERROR", uint64(ERROR), false},
-		{"BUSY", uint64(BUSY), true},
-		{"BUSY_RECOVERY", uint64(BUSY_RECOVERY), true},
-		{"BUSY_SNAPSHOT", uint64(BUSY_SNAPSHOT), true},
-		{"BUSY_TIMEOUT", uint64(BUSY_TIMEOUT), true},
+		{"ERROR", res_t(ERROR), false},
+		{"BUSY", res_t(BUSY), true},
+		{"BUSY_RECOVERY", res_t(BUSY_RECOVERY), true},
+		{"BUSY_SNAPSHOT", res_t(BUSY_SNAPSHOT), true},
+		{"BUSY_TIMEOUT", res_t(BUSY_TIMEOUT), true},
 	}
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -97,14 +97,14 @@ func TestError_Timeout(t *testing.T) {
 
 	tests := []struct {
 		name string
-		code uint64
+		code res_t
 		want bool
 	}{
-		{"ERROR", uint64(ERROR), false},
-		{"BUSY", uint64(BUSY), false},
-		{"BUSY_RECOVERY", uint64(BUSY_RECOVERY), false},
-		{"BUSY_SNAPSHOT", uint64(BUSY_SNAPSHOT), false},
-		{"BUSY_TIMEOUT", uint64(BUSY_TIMEOUT), true},
+		{"ERROR", res_t(ERROR), false},
+		{"BUSY", res_t(BUSY), false},
+		{"BUSY_RECOVERY", res_t(BUSY_RECOVERY), false},
+		{"BUSY_SNAPSHOT", res_t(BUSY_SNAPSHOT), false},
+		{"BUSY_TIMEOUT", res_t(BUSY_TIMEOUT), true},
 	}
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -136,8 +136,8 @@ func Test_ErrorCode_Error(t *testing.T) {
 	// Test all error codes.
 	for i := 0; i == int(ErrorCode(i)); i++ {
 		want := "sqlite3: "
-		r := db.call("sqlite3_errstr", uint64(i))
-		want += util.ReadString(db.mod, uint32(r), _MAX_NAME)
+		ptr := ptr_t(db.call("sqlite3_errstr", stk_t(i)))
+		want += util.ReadString(db.mod, ptr, _MAX_NAME)
 
 		got := ErrorCode(i).Error()
 		if got != want {
@@ -158,8 +158,8 @@ func Test_ExtendedErrorCode_Error(t *testing.T) {
 	// Test all extended error codes.
 	for i := 0; i == int(ExtendedErrorCode(i)); i++ {
 		want := "sqlite3: "
-		r := db.call("sqlite3_errstr", uint64(i))
-		want += util.ReadString(db.mod, uint32(r), _MAX_NAME)
+		ptr := ptr_t(db.call("sqlite3_errstr", stk_t(i)))
+		want += util.ReadString(db.mod, ptr, _MAX_NAME)
 
 		got := ExtendedErrorCode(i).Error()
 		if got != want {
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ func Test_errorCode(t *testing.T) {
 	tests := []struct {
 		arg      error
 		wantMsg  string
-		wantCode uint32
+		wantCode res_t
 	}{
 		{nil, "", _OK},
 		{ERROR, "", util.ERROR},
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ func Test_errorCode(t *testing.T) {
 			if gotMsg != tt.wantMsg {
 				t.Errorf("errorCode() gotMsg = %q, want %q", gotMsg, tt.wantMsg)
 			}
-			if gotCode != uint32(tt.wantCode) {
+			if gotCode != tt.wantCode {
 				t.Errorf("errorCode() gotCode = %d, want %d", gotCode, tt.wantCode)
 			}
 		})

ext/README.md

@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ you can load into your database connections.
   creates [pivot tables](https://github.com/jakethaw/pivot_vtab).
 - [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/regexp`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/regexp)
   provides regular expression functions.
+- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/serdes`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/serdes)
+  (de)serializes databases.
 - [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/statement`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/statement)
   creates [parameterized views](https://github.com/0x09/sqlite-statement-vtab).
 - [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/stats`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/stats)

ext/blobio/blob.go

@@ -44,6 +44,8 @@ func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) error {
 type OpenCallback func(*sqlite3.Blob, ...sqlite3.Value) error
 
 func readblob(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	_ = arg[5] // bounds check
+
 	blob, err := getAuxBlob(ctx, arg, false)
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.ResultError(err)
@@ -78,6 +80,8 @@ func readblob(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
 }
 
 func writeblob(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	_ = arg[5] // bounds check
+
 	blob, err := getAuxBlob(ctx, arg, true)
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.ResultError(err)

ext/blobio/blob_test.go

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"log"
 	"os"
-	"reflect"
+	"slices"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ func Test_openblob(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	want := []string{"\xca\xfe", "\xba\xbe"}
-	if !reflect.DeepEqual(got, want) {
+	if !slices.Equal(got, want) {
 		t.Errorf("got %v, want %v", got, want)
 	}
 }

ext/bloom/bloom.go

@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ func (b *bloom) Update(arg ...sqlite3.Value) (rowid int64, err error) {
 	}
 	defer f.Close()
 
-	for n := 0; n < b.hashes; n++ {
+	for n := range b.hashes {
 		hash := calcHash(n, blob)
 		hash %= uint64(b.bytes * 8)
 		bitpos := byte(hash % 8)

ext/closure/closure.go

@@ -84,10 +84,11 @@ func (c *closure) BestIndex(idx *sqlite3.IndexInfo) error {
 	cost := 1e7
 
 	for i, cst := range idx.Constraint {
-		if !cst.Usable {
+		switch {
+		case !cst.Usable:
 			continue
-		}
-		if plan&1 == 0 && cst.Column == _COL_ROOT {
+
+		case plan&1 == 0 && cst.Column == _COL_ROOT:
 			switch cst.Op {
 			case sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ:
 				plan |= 1
@@ -97,9 +98,8 @@ func (c *closure) BestIndex(idx *sqlite3.IndexInfo) error {
 					Omit:      true,
 				}
 			}
-			continue
-		}
-		if plan&0xf0 == 0 && cst.Column == _COL_DEPTH {
+
+		case plan&0xf0 == 0 && cst.Column == _COL_DEPTH:
 			switch cst.Op {
 			case sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT, sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE, sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ:
 				plan |= posi << 4
@@ -110,9 +110,8 @@ func (c *closure) BestIndex(idx *sqlite3.IndexInfo) error {
 					plan |= 2
 				}
 			}
-			continue
-		}
-		if plan&0xf00 == 0 && cst.Column == _COL_TABLENAME {
+
+		case plan&0xf00 == 0 && cst.Column == _COL_TABLENAME:
 			switch cst.Op {
 			case sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ:
 				plan |= posi << 8
@@ -123,9 +122,8 @@ func (c *closure) BestIndex(idx *sqlite3.IndexInfo) error {
 					Omit:      true,
 				}
 			}
-			continue
-		}
-		if plan&0xf000 == 0 && cst.Column == _COL_IDCOLUMN {
+
+		case plan&0xf000 == 0 && cst.Column == _COL_IDCOLUMN:
 			switch cst.Op {
 			case sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ:
 				plan |= posi << 12
@@ -135,9 +133,8 @@ func (c *closure) BestIndex(idx *sqlite3.IndexInfo) error {
 					Omit:      true,
 				}
 			}
-			continue
-		}
-		if plan&0xf0000 == 0 && cst.Column == _COL_PARENTCOLUMN {
+
+		case plan&0xf0000 == 0 && cst.Column == _COL_PARENTCOLUMN:
 			switch cst.Op {
 			case sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ:
 				plan |= posi << 16
@@ -147,7 +144,6 @@ func (c *closure) BestIndex(idx *sqlite3.IndexInfo) error {
 					Omit:      true,
 				}
 			}
-			continue
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -214,12 +210,14 @@ func (c *cursor) Filter(idxNum int, idxStr string, arg ...sqlite3.Value) error {
 	c.nodes = []node{{root, 0}}
 	set := util.Set[int64]{}
 	set.Add(root)
-	for i := 0; i < len(c.nodes); i++ {
+	for i := range c.nodes {
 		curr := c.nodes[i]
 		if curr.depth >= maxDepth {
 			continue
 		}
-		stmt.BindInt64(1, curr.id)
+		if err := stmt.BindInt64(1, curr.id); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
 		for stmt.Step() {
 			if stmt.ColumnType(0) == sqlite3.INTEGER {
 				next := stmt.ColumnInt64(0)
@@ -229,7 +227,9 @@ func (c *cursor) Filter(idxNum int, idxStr string, arg ...sqlite3.Value) error {
 				}
 			}
 		}
-		stmt.Reset()
+		if err := stmt.Reset(); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
 	}
 	return nil
 }

ext/csv/csv.go

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) error {
 // RegisterFS registers the CSV virtual table.
 // If a filename is specified, fsys is used to open the file.
 func RegisterFS(db *sqlite3.Conn, fsys fs.FS) error {
-	declare := func(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, _, _ string, arg ...string) (res *table, err error) {
+	declare := func(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, _, _ string, arg ...string) (_ *table, err error) {
 		var (
 			filename string
 			data     string
@@ -214,7 +214,10 @@ func (c *cursor) Filter(idxNum int, idxStr string, arg ...sqlite3.Value) error {
 		return err
 	}
 	if c.table.header {
-		c.Next() // skip header
+		err = c.Next() // skip header
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
 	}
 	c.rowID = 0
 	return c.Next()

ext/lines/lines.go

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ func RegisterFS(db *sqlite3.Conn, fsys fs.FS) error {
 	return errors.Join(
 		sqlite3.CreateModule(db, "lines", nil,
 			func(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, _, _ string, _ ...string) (lines, error) {
-				err := db.DeclareVTab(`CREATE TABLE x(line TEXT, data HIDDEN)`)
+				err := db.DeclareVTab(`CREATE TABLE x(line TEXT, data HIDDEN, delim HIDDEN)`)
 				if err == nil {
 					err = db.VTabConfig(sqlite3.VTAB_INNOCUOUS)
 				}
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ func RegisterFS(db *sqlite3.Conn, fsys fs.FS) error {
 			}),
 		sqlite3.CreateModule(db, "lines_read", nil,
 			func(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, _, _ string, _ ...string) (lines, error) {
-				err := db.DeclareVTab(`CREATE TABLE x(line TEXT, data HIDDEN)`)
+				err := db.DeclareVTab(`CREATE TABLE x(line TEXT, data HIDDEN, delim HIDDEN)`)
 				if err == nil {
 					err = db.VTabConfig(sqlite3.VTAB_DIRECTONLY)
 				}
@@ -58,19 +58,29 @@ type lines struct {
 	fsys fs.FS
 }
 
-func (l lines) BestIndex(idx *sqlite3.IndexInfo) error {
+func (l lines) BestIndex(idx *sqlite3.IndexInfo) (err error) {
+	err = sqlite3.CONSTRAINT
 	for i, cst := range idx.Constraint {
-		if cst.Column == 1 && cst.Op == sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ && cst.Usable {
+		if !cst.Usable || cst.Op != sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ {
+			continue
+		}
+		switch cst.Column {
+		case 1:
 			idx.ConstraintUsage[i] = sqlite3.IndexConstraintUsage{
 				Omit:      true,
 				ArgvIndex: 1,
 			}
 			idx.EstimatedCost = 1e6
 			idx.EstimatedRows = 100
-			return nil
+			err = nil
+		case 2:
+			idx.ConstraintUsage[i] = sqlite3.IndexConstraintUsage{
+				Omit:      true,
+				ArgvIndex: 2,
+			}
 		}
 	}
-	return sqlite3.CONSTRAINT
+	return err
 }
 
 func (l lines) Open() (sqlite3.VTabCursor, error) {
@@ -85,6 +95,7 @@ type cursor struct {
 	line  []byte
 	rowID int64
 	eof   bool
+	delim byte
 }
 
 func (c *cursor) EOF() bool {
@@ -140,6 +151,15 @@ func (c *reader) Filter(idxNum int, idxStr string, arg ...sqlite3.Value) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("lines: unsupported argument:%.0w %v", sqlite3.MISMATCH, typ)
 	}
 
+	c.delim = '\n'
+	if len(arg) > 1 {
+		b := arg[1].RawText()
+		if len(b) != 1 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("lines: delimiter must be a single byte%.0w", sqlite3.MISMATCH)
+		}
+		c.delim = b[0]
+	}
+
 	c.reader = bufio.NewReader(r)
 	c.closer, _ = r.(io.Closer)
 	c.rowID = 0
@@ -150,7 +170,12 @@ func (c *reader) Next() (err error) {
 	c.line = c.line[:0]
 	for more := true; more; {
 		var line []byte
-		line, more, err = c.reader.ReadLine()
+		if c.delim == '\n' {
+			line, more, err = c.reader.ReadLine()
+		} else {
+			line, err = c.reader.ReadSlice(c.delim)
+			more = err == bufio.ErrBufferFull
+		}
 		c.line = append(c.line, line...)
 	}
 	if err == io.EOF {
@@ -177,18 +202,27 @@ func (c *buffer) Filter(idxNum int, idxStr string, arg ...sqlite3.Value) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("lines: unsupported argument:%.0w %v", sqlite3.MISMATCH, typ)
 	}
 
+	c.delim = '\n'
+	if len(arg) > 1 {
+		b := arg[1].RawText()
+		if len(b) != 1 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("lines: delimiter must be a single byte%.0w", sqlite3.MISMATCH)
+		}
+		c.delim = b[0]
+	}
+
 	c.rowID = 0
 	return c.Next()
 }
 
 func (c *buffer) Next() error {
-	i := bytes.IndexByte(c.data, '\n')
+	i := bytes.IndexByte(c.data, c.delim)
 	j := i + 1
 	switch {
 	case i < 0:
 		i = len(c.data)
 		j = i
-	case i > 0 && c.data[i-1] == '\r':
+	case i > 0 && c.delim == '\n' && c.data[i-1] == '\r':
 		i--
 	}
 	c.eof = len(c.data) == 0

ext/lines/lines_test.go

@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ func Test_lines_test(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	defer db.Close()
 
-	rows, err := db.Query(`SELECT rowid, line FROM lines_read(?)`, "lines_test.go")
+	rows, err := db.Query(`SELECT rowid, line FROM lines_read(?, '}')`, "lines_test.go")
 	if errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
 		t.Skip(err)
 	}

ext/pivot/pivot.go

@@ -25,14 +25,14 @@ type table struct {
 	cols []*sqlite3.Value
 }
 
-func declare(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, _, _ string, arg ...string) (res *table, err error) {
+func declare(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, _, _ string, arg ...string) (ret *table, err error) {
 	if len(arg) != 3 {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("pivot: wrong number of arguments")
 	}
 
 	t := &table{db: db}
 	defer func() {
-		if res == nil {
+		if ret == nil {
 			t.Close()
 		}
 	}()
@@ -99,10 +99,11 @@ func declare(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, _, _ string, arg ...string) (res *table, err e
 }
 
 func (t *table) Close() error {
+	var errs []error
 	for _, c := range t.cols {
-		c.Close()
+		errs = append(errs, c.Close())
 	}
-	return nil
+	return errors.Join(errs...)
 }
 
 func (t *table) BestIndex(idx *sqlite3.IndexInfo) error {
@@ -206,7 +207,7 @@ func (c *cursor) Filter(idxNum int, idxStr string, arg ...sqlite3.Value) error {
 func (c *cursor) Next() error {
 	if c.scan.Step() {
 		count := c.scan.ColumnCount()
-		for i := 0; i < count; i++ {
+		for i := range count {
 			err := c.cell.BindValue(i+1, c.scan.ColumnValue(i))
 			if err != nil {
 				return err

ext/regexp/regexp.go

@@ -16,7 +16,9 @@ package regexp
 import (
 	"errors"
 	"regexp"
+	"regexp/syntax"
 	"strings"
+	"unicode/utf8"
 
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
 )
@@ -50,16 +52,63 @@ func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) error {
 //	SELECT column WHERE column GLOB :glob_prefix AND column REGEXP :regexp
 //
 // [LIKE optimization]: https://sqlite.org/optoverview.html#the_like_optimization
-func GlobPrefix(re *regexp.Regexp) string {
-	prefix, complete := re.LiteralPrefix()
-	i := strings.IndexAny(prefix, "*?[")
-	if i < 0 {
-		if complete {
-			return prefix
-		}
-		i = len(prefix)
+func GlobPrefix(expr string) string {
+	re, err := syntax.Parse(expr, syntax.Perl)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "" // no match possible
 	}
-	return prefix[:i] + "*"
+	prog, err := syntax.Compile(re.Simplify())
+	if err != nil {
+		return "" // notest
+	}
+
+	i := &prog.Inst[prog.Start]
+
+	var empty syntax.EmptyOp
+loop1:
+	for {
+		switch i.Op {
+		case syntax.InstFail:
+			return "" // notest
+		case syntax.InstCapture, syntax.InstNop:
+			// skip
+		case syntax.InstEmptyWidth:
+			empty |= syntax.EmptyOp(i.Arg)
+		default:
+			break loop1
+		}
+		i = &prog.Inst[i.Out]
+	}
+	if empty&syntax.EmptyBeginText == 0 {
+		return "*" // not anchored
+	}
+
+	var glob strings.Builder
+loop2:
+	for {
+		switch i.Op {
+		case syntax.InstFail:
+			return "" // notest
+		case syntax.InstCapture, syntax.InstEmptyWidth, syntax.InstNop:
+			// skip
+		case syntax.InstRune, syntax.InstRune1:
+			if len(i.Rune) != 1 || syntax.Flags(i.Arg)&syntax.FoldCase != 0 {
+				break loop2
+			}
+			switch r := i.Rune[0]; r {
+			case '*', '?', '[', utf8.RuneError:
+				break loop2
+			default:
+				glob.WriteRune(r)
+			}
+		default:
+			break loop2
+		}
+		i = &prog.Inst[i.Out]
+	}
+
+	glob.WriteByte('*')
+	return glob.String()
 }
 
 func load(ctx sqlite3.Context, i int, expr string) (*regexp.Regexp, error) {
@@ -76,6 +125,7 @@ func load(ctx sqlite3.Context, i int, expr string) (*regexp.Regexp, error) {
 }
 
 func regex(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	_ = arg[1] // bounds check
 	re, err := load(ctx, 0, arg[0].Text())
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.ResultError(err)
@@ -165,6 +215,8 @@ func regexInstr(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
 }
 
 func regexReplace(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	_ = arg[2] // bounds check
+
 	re, err := load(ctx, 1, arg[1].Text())
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.ResultError(err)

ext/regexp/regexp_test.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package regexp
 import (
 	"database/sql"
 	"regexp"
+	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver"
@@ -108,19 +109,55 @@ func TestGlobPrefix(t *testing.T) {
 		re   string
 		want string
 	}{
-		{``, ""},
-		{`a`, "a"},
-		{`a*`, "*"},
-		{`a+`, "a*"},
-		{`ab*`, "a*"},
-		{`ab+`, "ab*"},
-		{`a\?b`, "a*"},
+		{`[`, ""},
+		{``, "*"},
+		{`^`, "*"},
+		{`a`, "*"},
+		{`ab`, "*"},
+		{`^a`, "a*"},
+		{`^a*`, "*"},
+		{`^a+`, "a*"},
+		{`^ab*`, "a*"},
+		{`^ab+`, "ab*"},
+		{`^a\?b`, "a*"},
+		{`^[a-z]`, "*"},
 	}
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.re, func(t *testing.T) {
-			if got := GlobPrefix(regexp.MustCompile(tt.re)); got != tt.want {
-				t.Errorf("GlobPrefix() = %v, want %v", got, tt.want)
+			if got := GlobPrefix(tt.re); got != tt.want {
+				t.Errorf("GlobPrefix(%v) = %v, want %v", tt.re, got, tt.want)
 			}
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+func FuzzGlobPrefix(f *testing.F) {
+	f.Add(``, ``)
+	f.Add(`[`, ``)
+	f.Add(`^`, ``)
+	f.Add(`a`, `a`)
+	f.Add(`ab`, `b`)
+	f.Add(`^a`, `a`)
+	f.Add(`^a*`, `ab`)
+	f.Add(`^a+`, `ab`)
+	f.Add(`^ab*`, `ab`)
+	f.Add(`^ab+`, `ab`)
+	f.Add(`^a\?b`, `ab`)
+	f.Add(`^[a-z]`, `ab`)
+
+	f.Fuzz(func(t *testing.T, lit, str string) {
+		re, err := regexp.Compile(lit)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.SkipNow()
+		}
+		if re.MatchString(str) {
+			prefix, ok := strings.CutSuffix(GlobPrefix(lit), "*")
+			if !ok {
+				t.Fatalf("missing * after %q for %q with %q", prefix, lit, str)
+			}
+			if !strings.HasPrefix(str, prefix) {
+				t.Fatalf("missing prefix %q for %q with %q", prefix, lit, str)
+			}
+		}
+	})
+}

ext/serdes/serdes.go

@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+// Package serdes provides functions to (de)serialize databases.
+package serdes
+
+import (
+	"io"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	vfs.Register(vfsName, sliceVFS{})
+}
+
+// Serialize backs up a database into a byte slice.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/serialize.html
+func Serialize(db *sqlite3.Conn, schema string) ([]byte, error) {
+	var file sliceFile
+	fileToOpen <- &file
+	err := db.Backup(schema, "file:db?vfs="+vfsName)
+	return file.data, err
+}
+
+// Deserialize restores a database from a byte slice,
+// DESTROYING any contents previously stored in schema.
+//
+// To non-destructively open a database from a byte slice,
+// consider alternatives like the ["reader"] or ["memdb"] VFSes.
+//
+// This differs from the similarly named SQLite API
+// in that it DOES NOT disconnect from schema
+// to reopen as an in-memory database.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/deserialize.html
+//
+// ["memdb"]: https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs/memdb
+// ["reader"]: https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs/readervfs
+func Deserialize(db *sqlite3.Conn, schema string, data []byte) error {
+	fileToOpen <- &sliceFile{data}
+	return db.Restore(schema, "file:db?vfs="+vfsName)
+}
+
+var fileToOpen = make(chan *sliceFile, 1)
+
+const vfsName = "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/deserialize.sliceVFS"
+
+type sliceVFS struct{}
+
+func (sliceVFS) Open(name string, flags vfs.OpenFlag) (vfs.File, vfs.OpenFlag, error) {
+	if flags&vfs.OPEN_MAIN_DB == 0 {
+		// notest // OPEN_MEMORY
+		return nil, flags, sqlite3.CANTOPEN
+	}
+	return <-fileToOpen, flags | vfs.OPEN_MEMORY, nil
+}
+
+func (sliceVFS) Delete(name string, dirSync bool) error {
+	// notest // OPEN_MEMORY
+	return sqlite3.IOERR_DELETE
+}
+
+func (sliceVFS) Access(name string, flag vfs.AccessFlag) (bool, error) {
+	return name == "db", nil
+}
+
+func (sliceVFS) FullPathname(name string) (string, error) {
+	return name, nil
+}
+
+type sliceFile struct{ data []byte }
+
+func (f *sliceFile) ReadAt(b []byte, off int64) (n int, err error) {
+	if d := f.data; off < int64(len(d)) {
+		n = copy(b, d[off:])
+	}
+	if n == 0 {
+		err = io.EOF
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+func (f *sliceFile) WriteAt(b []byte, off int64) (n int, err error) {
+	if d := f.data; off > int64(len(d)) {
+		f.data = append(d, make([]byte, off-int64(len(d)))...)
+	}
+	d := append(f.data[:off], b...)
+	if len(d) > len(f.data) {
+		f.data = d
+	}
+	return len(b), nil
+}
+
+func (f *sliceFile) Size() (int64, error) {
+	return int64(len(f.data)), nil
+}
+
+func (f *sliceFile) Truncate(size int64) error {
+	if d := f.data; size < int64(len(d)) {
+		f.data = d[:size]
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (f *sliceFile) SizeHint(size int64) error {
+	if d := f.data; size > int64(len(d)) {
+		f.data = append(d, make([]byte, size-int64(len(d)))...)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (*sliceFile) Close() error { return nil }
+
+func (*sliceFile) Sync(flag vfs.SyncFlag) error { return nil }
+
+func (*sliceFile) Lock(lock vfs.LockLevel) error { return nil }
+
+func (*sliceFile) Unlock(lock vfs.LockLevel) error { return nil }
+
+func (*sliceFile) CheckReservedLock() (bool, error) {
+	// notest // OPEN_MEMORY
+	return false, nil
+}
+
+func (*sliceFile) SectorSize() int {
+	// notest // IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE
+	return 0
+}
+
+func (*sliceFile) DeviceCharacteristics() vfs.DeviceCharacteristic {
+	return vfs.IOCAP_ATOMIC |
+		vfs.IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND |
+		vfs.IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL |
+		vfs.IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE |
+		vfs.IOCAP_SUBPAGE_READ
+}

ext/serdes/serdes_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+package serdes_test
+
+import (
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/serdes"
+)
+
+func TestDeserialize(t *testing.T) {
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("skipping in short mode")
+	}
+
+	input, err := httpGet()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	db, err := sqlite3.Open(":memory:")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	err = serdes.Deserialize(db, "temp", input)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	output, err := serdes.Serialize(db, "temp")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	if len(input) != len(output) {
+		t.Fatal("lengths are different")
+	}
+	for i := range input {
+		// These may be different.
+		switch {
+		case 24 <= i && i < 28:
+			// File change counter.
+			continue
+		case 40 <= i && i < 44:
+			// Schema cookie.
+			continue
+		case 92 <= i && i < 100:
+			// SQLite version that wrote the file.
+			continue
+		}
+		if input[i] != output[i] {
+			t.Errorf("difference at %d: %d %d", i, input[i], output[i])
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func httpGet() ([]byte, error) {
+	res, err := http.Get("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jpwhite3/northwind-SQLite3/refs/heads/main/dist/northwind.db")
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer res.Body.Close()
+	return io.ReadAll(res.Body)
+}

ext/statement/stmt.go

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ package statement
 
 import (
 	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"unsafe"
@@ -43,7 +44,7 @@ func declare(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, _, _ string, arg ...string) (*table, error) {
 	var str strings.Builder
 	str.WriteString("CREATE TABLE x(")
 	outputs := stmt.ColumnCount()
-	for i := 0; i < outputs; i++ {
+	for i := range outputs {
 		name := sqlite3.QuoteIdentifier(stmt.ColumnName(i))
 		str.WriteString(sep)
 		str.WriteString(name)
@@ -150,8 +151,9 @@ type cursor struct {
 func (c *cursor) Close() error {
 	if c.stmt == c.table.stmt {
 		c.table.inuse = false
-		c.stmt.ClearBindings()
-		return c.stmt.Reset()
+		return errors.Join(
+			c.stmt.Reset(),
+			c.stmt.ClearBindings())
 	}
 	return c.stmt.Close()
 }
@@ -159,8 +161,10 @@ func (c *cursor) Close() error {
 func (c *cursor) Filter(idxNum int, idxStr string, arg ...sqlite3.Value) error {
 	c.arg = arg
 	c.rowID = 0
-	c.stmt.ClearBindings()
-	if err := c.stmt.Reset(); err != nil {
+	err := errors.Join(
+		c.stmt.Reset(),
+		c.stmt.ClearBindings())
+	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 

ext/stats/kahan.go

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+package stats
+
+// https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kahan_summation_algorithm
+
+type kahan struct{ hi, lo float64 }
+
+func (k *kahan) add(x float64) {
+	y := k.lo + x
+	t := k.hi + y
+	k.lo = y - (t - k.hi)
+	k.hi = t
+}
+
+func (k *kahan) sub(x float64) {
+	y := k.lo - x
+	t := k.hi + y
+	k.lo = y - (t - k.hi)
+	k.hi = t
+}

ext/stats/mode.go

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+package stats
+
+import (
+	"unsafe"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+)
+
+func newMode() sqlite3.AggregateFunction {
+	return &mode{}
+}
+
+type mode struct {
+	ints  counter[int64]
+	reals counter[float64]
+	texts counter[string]
+	blobs counter[string]
+}
+
+func (m mode) Value(ctx sqlite3.Context) {
+	var (
+		max = 0
+		typ = sqlite3.NULL
+		i64 int64
+		f64 float64
+		str string
+	)
+	for k, v := range m.ints {
+		if v > max || v == max && k < i64 {
+			typ = sqlite3.INTEGER
+			max = v
+			i64 = k
+		}
+	}
+	f64 = float64(i64)
+	for k, v := range m.reals {
+		if v > max || v == max && k < f64 {
+			typ = sqlite3.FLOAT
+			max = v
+			f64 = k
+		}
+	}
+	for k, v := range m.texts {
+		if v > max || v == max && typ == sqlite3.TEXT && k < str {
+			typ = sqlite3.TEXT
+			max = v
+			str = k
+		}
+	}
+	for k, v := range m.blobs {
+		if v > max || v == max && typ == sqlite3.BLOB && k < str {
+			typ = sqlite3.BLOB
+			max = v
+			str = k
+		}
+	}
+	switch typ {
+	case sqlite3.INTEGER:
+		ctx.ResultInt64(i64)
+	case sqlite3.FLOAT:
+		ctx.ResultFloat(f64)
+	case sqlite3.TEXT:
+		ctx.ResultText(str)
+	case sqlite3.BLOB:
+		ctx.ResultBlob(unsafe.Slice(unsafe.StringData(str), len(str)))
+	}
+}
+
+func (b *mode) Step(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	switch arg[0].Type() {
+	case sqlite3.INTEGER:
+		b.ints.add(arg[0].Int64())
+	case sqlite3.FLOAT:
+		b.reals.add(arg[0].Float())
+	case sqlite3.TEXT:
+		b.texts.add(arg[0].Text())
+	case sqlite3.BLOB:
+		b.blobs.add(string(arg[0].RawBlob()))
+	}
+}
+
+func (b *mode) Inverse(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	switch arg[0].Type() {
+	case sqlite3.INTEGER:
+		b.ints.del(arg[0].Int64())
+	case sqlite3.FLOAT:
+		b.reals.del(arg[0].Float())
+	case sqlite3.TEXT:
+		b.texts.del(arg[0].Text())
+	case sqlite3.BLOB:
+		b.blobs.del(string(arg[0].RawBlob()))
+	}
+}
+
+type counter[T comparable] map[T]int
+
+func (c *counter[T]) add(k T) {
+	if (*c) == nil {
+		(*c) = make(counter[T])
+	}
+	(*c)[k]++
+}
+
+func (c counter[T]) del(k T) {
+	switch n := c[k]; n {
+	default:
+		c[k] = n - 1
+	case 1:
+		delete(c, k)
+	case 0:
+	}
+}

ext/stats/mode_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+package stats_test
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed"
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/testcfg"
+)
+
+func TestRegister_mode(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	db, err := sqlite3.Open(":memory:")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	stmt, _, err := db.Prepare(`SELECT mode(column1) FROM (VALUES (NULL), (1), (NULL), (2), (NULL), (3), (3))`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if stmt.Step() {
+		if got := stmt.ColumnInt(0); got != 3 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want 3", got)
+		}
+	}
+	stmt.Close()
+
+	stmt, _, err = db.Prepare(`SELECT mode(column1) FROM (VALUES (1), (1), (2), (2), (3))`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if stmt.Step() {
+		if got := stmt.ColumnInt(0); got != 1 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want 1", got)
+		}
+	}
+	stmt.Close()
+
+	stmt, _, err = db.Prepare(`SELECT mode(column1) FROM (VALUES (0.5), (1), (2.5), (2), (2.5))`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if stmt.Step() {
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(0); got != 2.5 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want 2.5", got)
+		}
+	}
+	stmt.Close()
+
+	stmt, _, err = db.Prepare(`SELECT mode(column1) FROM (VALUES ('red'), ('green'), ('blue'), ('red'))`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if stmt.Step() {
+		if got := stmt.ColumnText(0); got != "red" {
+			t.Errorf("got %q, want red", got)
+		}
+	}
+	stmt.Close()
+
+	stmt, _, err = db.Prepare(`SELECT mode(column1) FROM (VALUES (X'cafebabe'), ('green'), ('blue'), (X'cafebabe'))`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if stmt.Step() {
+		if got := stmt.ColumnText(0); got != "\xca\xfe\xba\xbe" {
+			t.Errorf("got %q, want cafebabe", got)
+		}
+	}
+	stmt.Close()
+
+	stmt, _, err = db.Prepare(`
+		SELECT mode(column1) OVER (ROWS BETWEEN 1 PRECEDING AND 1 FOLLOWING)
+		FROM (VALUES (1), (1), (2.5), ('blue'), (X'cafebabe'), (1), (1))
+	`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	for stmt.Step() {
+	}
+	stmt.Close()
+}

ext/stats/moments.go

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+package stats
+
+import "math"
+
+// Fisher–Pearson skewness and kurtosis using
+// Terriberry's algorithm with Kahan summation:
+// https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms_for_calculating_variance#Higher-order_statistics
+
+type moments struct {
+	m1, m2, m3, m4 kahan
+	n              int64
+}
+
+func (m moments) mean() float64 {
+	return m.m1.hi
+}
+
+func (m moments) var_pop() float64 {
+	return m.m2.hi / float64(m.n)
+}
+
+func (m moments) var_samp() float64 {
+	return m.m2.hi / float64(m.n-1) // Bessel's correction
+}
+
+func (m moments) stddev_pop() float64 {
+	return math.Sqrt(m.var_pop())
+}
+
+func (m moments) stddev_samp() float64 {
+	return math.Sqrt(m.var_samp())
+}
+
+func (m moments) skewness_pop() float64 {
+	m2 := m.m2.hi
+	if div := m2 * m2 * m2; div != 0 {
+		return m.m3.hi * math.Sqrt(float64(m.n)/div)
+	}
+	return math.NaN()
+}
+
+func (m moments) skewness_samp() float64 {
+	n := m.n
+	// https://mathworks.com/help/stats/skewness.html#f1132178
+	return m.skewness_pop() * math.Sqrt(float64(n*(n-1))) / float64(n-2)
+}
+
+func (m moments) kurtosis_pop() float64 {
+	return m.raw_kurtosis_pop() - 3
+}
+
+func (m moments) raw_kurtosis_pop() float64 {
+	m2 := m.m2.hi
+	if div := m2 * m2; div != 0 {
+		return m.m4.hi * float64(m.n) / div
+	}
+	return math.NaN()
+}
+
+func (m moments) kurtosis_samp() float64 {
+	n := m.n
+	k := math.FMA(m.raw_kurtosis_pop(), float64(n+1), float64(3-3*n))
+	return k * float64(n-1) / float64((n-2)*(n-3))
+}
+
+func (m moments) raw_kurtosis_samp() float64 {
+	n := m.n
+	// https://mathworks.com/help/stats/kurtosis.html#f4975293
+	k := math.FMA(m.raw_kurtosis_pop(), float64(n+1), float64(3-3*n))
+	return math.FMA(k, float64(n-1)/float64((n-2)*(n-3)), 3)
+}
+
+func (m *moments) enqueue(x float64) {
+	n := m.n + 1
+	m.n = n
+	d1 := x - m.m1.hi - m.m1.lo
+	dn := d1 / float64(n)
+	d2 := dn * dn
+	t1 := d1 * dn * float64(n-1)
+	m.m4.add(t1*d2*float64(n*n-3*n+3) + 6*d2*m.m2.hi - 4*dn*m.m3.hi)
+	m.m3.add(t1*dn*float64(n-2) - 3*dn*m.m2.hi)
+	m.m2.add(t1)
+	m.m1.add(dn)
+}
+
+func (m *moments) dequeue(x float64) {
+	n := m.n - 1
+	if n <= 0 {
+		*m = moments{}
+		return
+	}
+	m.n = n
+	d1 := x - m.m1.hi - m.m1.lo
+	dn := d1 / float64(n)
+	d2 := dn * dn
+	t1 := d1 * dn * float64(n+1)
+	m.m4.sub(t1*d2*float64(n*n+3*n+3) - 6*d2*m.m2.hi - 4*dn*m.m3.hi)
+	m.m3.sub(t1*dn*float64(n+2) - 3*dn*m.m2.hi)
+	m.m2.sub(t1)
+	m.m1.sub(dn)
+}

ext/stats/moments_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+package stats
+
+import (
+	"math"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func Test_moments(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	var s1 moments
+	s1.enqueue(1)
+	s1.dequeue(1)
+	if !math.IsNaN(s1.skewness_pop()) {
+		t.Errorf("want NaN")
+	}
+	if !math.IsNaN(s1.raw_kurtosis_pop()) {
+		t.Errorf("want NaN")
+	}
+
+	s1.enqueue(+0.5377)
+	s1.enqueue(+1.8339)
+	s1.enqueue(-2.2588)
+	s1.enqueue(+0.8622)
+	s1.enqueue(+0.3188)
+	s1.enqueue(-1.3077)
+	s1.enqueue(-0.4336)
+	s1.enqueue(+0.3426)
+	s1.enqueue(+3.5784)
+	s1.enqueue(+2.7694)
+
+	if got := s1.skewness_pop(); float32(got) != 0.106098293 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want 0.1061", got)
+	}
+	if got := s1.skewness_samp(); float32(got) != 0.1258171 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want 0.1258", got)
+	}
+	if got := s1.raw_kurtosis_pop(); float32(got) != 2.3121266 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want 2.3121", got)
+	}
+	if got := s1.raw_kurtosis_samp(); float32(got) != 2.7482237 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want 2.7483", got)
+	}
+
+	var s2 welford
+
+	s2.enqueue(+0.5377)
+	s2.enqueue(+1.8339)
+	s2.enqueue(-2.2588)
+	s2.enqueue(+0.8622)
+	s2.enqueue(+0.3188)
+	s2.enqueue(-1.3077)
+	s2.enqueue(-0.4336)
+	s2.enqueue(+0.3426)
+	s2.enqueue(+3.5784)
+	s2.enqueue(+2.7694)
+
+	if got, want := s1.mean(), s2.mean(); got != want {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want %v", got, want)
+	}
+	if got, want := s1.stddev_pop(), s2.stddev_pop(); got != want {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want %v", got, want)
+	}
+	if got, want := s1.stddev_samp(), s2.stddev_samp(); got != want {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want %v", got, want)
+	}
+
+	s1.enqueue(math.Pi)
+	s1.enqueue(math.Sqrt2)
+	s1.enqueue(math.E)
+	s1.dequeue(math.Pi)
+	s1.dequeue(math.E)
+	s1.dequeue(math.Sqrt2)
+
+	if got := s1.skewness_pop(); float32(got) != 0.106098293 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want 0.1061", got)
+	}
+	if got := s1.skewness_samp(); float32(got) != 0.1258171 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want 0.1258", got)
+	}
+	if got := s1.raw_kurtosis_pop(); float32(got) != 2.3121266 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want 2.3121", got)
+	}
+	if got := s1.raw_kurtosis_samp(); float32(got) != 2.7482237 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want 2.7483", got)
+	}
+}

ext/stats/percentile.go

@@ -11,6 +11,9 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ncruces/sort/quick"
 )
 
+// Compatible with:
+// https://sqlite.org/src/file/ext/misc/percentile.c
+
 const (
 	median = iota
 	percentile_100

ext/stats/stats.go

@@ -1,13 +1,17 @@
 // Package stats provides aggregate functions for statistics.
 //
 // Provided functions:
-//   - stddev_pop: population standard deviation
-//   - stddev_samp: sample standard deviation
 //   - var_pop: population variance
 //   - var_samp: sample variance
+//   - stddev_pop: population standard deviation
+//   - stddev_samp: sample standard deviation
+//   - skewness_pop: Pearson population skewness
+//   - skewness_samp: Pearson sample skewness
+//   - kurtosis_pop: Fisher population excess kurtosis
+//   - kurtosis_samp: Fisher sample excess kurtosis
 //   - covar_pop: population covariance
 //   - covar_samp: sample covariance
-//   - corr: correlation coefficient
+//   - corr: Pearson correlation coefficient
 //   - regr_r2: correlation coefficient squared
 //   - regr_avgx: average of the independent variable
 //   - regr_avgy: average of the dependent variable
@@ -17,10 +21,12 @@
 //   - regr_count: count non-null pairs of variables
 //   - regr_slope: slope of the least-squares-fit linear equation
 //   - regr_intercept: y-intercept of the least-squares-fit linear equation
-//   - regr_json: all regr stats in a JSON object
-//   - percentile_disc: discrete percentile
-//   - percentile_cont: continuous percentile
-//   - median: median value
+//   - regr_json: all regr stats as a JSON object
+//   - percentile_disc: discrete quantile
+//   - percentile_cont: continuous quantile
+//   - percentile: continuous percentile
+//   - median: middle value
+//   - mode: most frequent value
 //   - every: boolean and
 //   - some: boolean or
 //
@@ -59,6 +65,10 @@ func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) error {
 		db.CreateWindowFunction("var_samp", 1, flags, newVariance(var_samp)),
 		db.CreateWindowFunction("stddev_pop", 1, flags, newVariance(stddev_pop)),
 		db.CreateWindowFunction("stddev_samp", 1, flags, newVariance(stddev_samp)),
+		db.CreateWindowFunction("skewness_pop", 1, flags, newMoments(skewness_pop)),
+		db.CreateWindowFunction("skewness_samp", 1, flags, newMoments(skewness_samp)),
+		db.CreateWindowFunction("kurtosis_pop", 1, flags, newMoments(kurtosis_pop)),
+		db.CreateWindowFunction("kurtosis_samp", 1, flags, newMoments(kurtosis_samp)),
 		db.CreateWindowFunction("covar_pop", 2, flags, newCovariance(var_pop)),
 		db.CreateWindowFunction("covar_samp", 2, flags, newCovariance(var_samp)),
 		db.CreateWindowFunction("corr", 2, flags, newCovariance(corr)),
@@ -77,7 +87,8 @@ func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) error {
 		db.CreateWindowFunction("percentile_cont", 2, order, newPercentile(percentile_cont)),
 		db.CreateWindowFunction("percentile_disc", 2, order, newPercentile(percentile_disc)),
 		db.CreateWindowFunction("every", 1, flags, newBoolean(every)),
-		db.CreateWindowFunction("some", 1, flags, newBoolean(some)))
+		db.CreateWindowFunction("some", 1, flags, newBoolean(some)),
+		db.CreateWindowFunction("mode", 1, order, newMode))
 }
 
 const (
@@ -85,6 +96,10 @@ const (
 	var_samp
 	stddev_pop
 	stddev_samp
+	skewness_pop
+	skewness_samp
+	kurtosis_pop
+	kurtosis_samp
 	corr
 	regr_r2
 	regr_sxx
@@ -98,6 +113,23 @@ const (
 	regr_json
 )
 
+func special(kind int, n int64) (null, zero bool) {
+	switch kind {
+	case var_pop, stddev_pop, regr_sxx, regr_syy, regr_sxy:
+		return n <= 0, n == 1
+	case regr_avgx, regr_avgy:
+		return n <= 0, false
+	case kurtosis_samp:
+		return n <= 3, false
+	case skewness_samp:
+		return n <= 2, false
+	case skewness_pop:
+		return n <= 1, n == 2
+	default:
+		return n <= 1, false
+	}
+}
+
 func newVariance(kind int) func() sqlite3.AggregateFunction {
 	return func() sqlite3.AggregateFunction { return &variance{kind: kind} }
 }
@@ -108,6 +140,14 @@ type variance struct {
 }
 
 func (fn *variance) Value(ctx sqlite3.Context) {
+	switch null, zero := special(fn.kind, fn.n); {
+	case zero:
+		ctx.ResultFloat(0)
+		return
+	case null:
+		return
+	}
+
 	var r float64
 	switch fn.kind {
 	case var_pop:
@@ -148,6 +188,18 @@ type covariance struct {
 }
 
 func (fn *covariance) Value(ctx sqlite3.Context) {
+	if fn.kind == regr_count {
+		ctx.ResultInt64(fn.regr_count())
+		return
+	}
+	switch null, zero := special(fn.kind, fn.n); {
+	case zero:
+		ctx.ResultFloat(0)
+		return
+	case null:
+		return
+	}
+
 	var r float64
 	switch fn.kind {
 	case var_pop:
@@ -172,11 +224,9 @@ func (fn *covariance) Value(ctx sqlite3.Context) {
 		r = fn.regr_slope()
 	case regr_intercept:
 		r = fn.regr_intercept()
-	case regr_count:
-		ctx.ResultInt64(fn.regr_count())
-		return
 	case regr_json:
-		ctx.ResultText(fn.regr_json())
+		var buf [128]byte
+		ctx.ResultRawText(fn.regr_json(buf[:0]))
 		return
 	}
 	ctx.ResultFloat(r)
@@ -203,3 +253,51 @@ func (fn *covariance) Inverse(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
 		fn.dequeue(fa, fb)
 	}
 }
+
+func newMoments(kind int) func() sqlite3.AggregateFunction {
+	return func() sqlite3.AggregateFunction { return &momentfn{kind: kind} }
+}
+
+type momentfn struct {
+	kind int
+	moments
+}
+
+func (fn *momentfn) Value(ctx sqlite3.Context) {
+	switch null, zero := special(fn.kind, fn.n); {
+	case zero:
+		ctx.ResultFloat(0)
+		return
+	case null:
+		return
+	}
+
+	var r float64
+	switch fn.kind {
+	case skewness_pop:
+		r = fn.skewness_pop()
+	case skewness_samp:
+		r = fn.skewness_samp()
+	case kurtosis_pop:
+		r = fn.kurtosis_pop()
+	case kurtosis_samp:
+		r = fn.kurtosis_samp()
+	}
+	ctx.ResultFloat(r)
+}
+
+func (fn *momentfn) Step(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	a := arg[0]
+	f := a.Float()
+	if f != 0.0 || a.NumericType() != sqlite3.NULL {
+		fn.enqueue(f)
+	}
+}
+
+func (fn *momentfn) Inverse(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	a := arg[0]
+	f := a.Float()
+	if f != 0.0 || a.NumericType() != sqlite3.NULL {
+		fn.dequeue(f)
+	}
+}

ext/stats/stats_test.go

@@ -29,16 +29,29 @@ func TestRegister_variance(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
+	stmt, _, err := db.Prepare(`SELECT stddev_pop(x) FROM data`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if stmt.Step() {
+		if got := stmt.ColumnType(0); got != sqlite3.NULL {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want NULL", got)
+		}
+	}
+	stmt.Close()
+
 	err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO data (x) VALUES (4), (7.0), ('13'), (NULL), (16)`)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	stmt, _, err := db.Prepare(`
+	stmt, _, err = db.Prepare(`
 		SELECT
 			sum(x), avg(x),
 			var_samp(x), var_pop(x),
-			stddev_samp(x), stddev_pop(x)
+			stddev_samp(x), stddev_pop(x),
+			skewness_samp(x), skewness_pop(x),
+			kurtosis_samp(x), kurtosis_pop(x)
 		FROM data`)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
@@ -62,10 +75,27 @@ func TestRegister_variance(t *testing.T) {
 		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(5); got != math.Sqrt(22.5) {
 			t.Errorf("got %v, want √22.5", got)
 		}
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(6); got != 0 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want zero", got)
+		}
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(7); got != 0 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want zero", got)
+		}
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(8); float32(got) != -3.3 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want -3.3", got)
+		}
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(9); got != -1.64 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want -1.64", got)
+		}
 	}
 	stmt.Close()
 
-	stmt, _, err = db.Prepare(`SELECT var_samp(x) OVER (ROWS 1 PRECEDING) FROM data`)
+	stmt, _, err = db.Prepare(`
+		SELECT
+	 		var_samp(x) OVER (ROWS 1 PRECEDING),
+			var_pop(x)  OVER (ROWS 1 PRECEDING),
+	 		skewness_pop(x) OVER (ROWS 1 PRECEDING)
+		FROM data`)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -96,12 +126,26 @@ func TestRegister_covariance(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
+	stmt, _, err := db.Prepare(`SELECT regr_count(y, x), regr_json(y, x) FROM data`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if stmt.Step() {
+		if got := stmt.ColumnInt(0); got != 0 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want 0", got)
+		}
+		if got := stmt.ColumnType(1); got != sqlite3.NULL {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want NULL", got)
+		}
+	}
+	stmt.Close()
+
 	err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO data (y, x) VALUES (3, 70), (5, 80), (2, 60), (7, 90), (4, 75)`)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	stmt, _, err := db.Prepare(`SELECT
+	stmt, _, err = db.Prepare(`SELECT
 		corr(y, x), covar_samp(y, x), covar_pop(y, x),
 		regr_avgy(y, x), regr_avgx(y, x),
 		regr_syy(y, x), regr_sxx(y, x), regr_sxy(y, x),
@@ -157,7 +201,12 @@ func TestRegister_covariance(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	stmt.Close()
 
-	stmt, _, err = db.Prepare(`SELECT covar_samp(y, x) OVER (ROWS 1 PRECEDING) FROM data`)
+	stmt, _, err = db.Prepare(`
+		SELECT
+	 		covar_samp(y, x) OVER (ROWS 1 PRECEDING),
+	 		covar_pop(y, x)  OVER (ROWS 1 PRECEDING),
+			regr_avgx(y, x)  OVER (ROWS 1 PRECEDING)
+		FROM data`)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -171,6 +220,9 @@ func TestRegister_covariance(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Errorf("got %v, want %v", got, want[i])
 		}
 	}
+	if stmt.Err() != nil {
+		t.Fatal(stmt.Err())
+	}
 	stmt.Close()
 }
 

ext/stats/welford.go

@@ -3,22 +3,20 @@ package stats
 import (
 	"math"
 	"strconv"
-	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
 )
 
 // Welford's algorithm with Kahan summation:
+// The effect of truncation in statistical computation [van Reeken, AJ 1970]
 // https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms_for_calculating_variance#Welford's_online_algorithm
-// https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kahan_summation_algorithm
-
-// See also:
-// https://duckdb.org/docs/sql/aggregates.html#statistical-aggregates
 
 type welford struct {
 	m1, m2 kahan
 	n      int64
 }
 
-func (w welford) average() float64 {
+func (w welford) mean() float64 {
 	return w.m1.hi
 }
 
@@ -39,17 +37,23 @@ func (w welford) stddev_samp() float64 {
 }
 
 func (w *welford) enqueue(x float64) {
-	w.n++
+	n := w.n + 1
+	w.n = n
 	d1 := x - w.m1.hi - w.m1.lo
-	w.m1.add(d1 / float64(w.n))
+	w.m1.add(d1 / float64(n))
 	d2 := x - w.m1.hi - w.m1.lo
 	w.m2.add(d1 * d2)
 }
 
 func (w *welford) dequeue(x float64) {
-	w.n--
+	n := w.n - 1
+	if n <= 0 {
+		*w = welford{}
+		return
+	}
+	w.n = n
 	d1 := x - w.m1.hi - w.m1.lo
-	w.m1.sub(d1 / float64(w.n))
+	w.m1.sub(d1 / float64(n))
 	d2 := x - w.m1.hi - w.m1.lo
 	w.m2.sub(d1 * d2)
 }
@@ -112,38 +116,35 @@ func (w welford2) regr_r2() float64 {
 	return w.cov.hi * w.cov.hi / (w.m2y.hi * w.m2x.hi)
 }
 
-func (w welford2) regr_json() string {
-	var json strings.Builder
-	var num [32]byte
-	json.Grow(128)
-	json.WriteString(`{"count":`)
-	json.Write(strconv.AppendInt(num[:0], w.regr_count(), 10))
-	json.WriteString(`,"avgy":`)
-	json.Write(strconv.AppendFloat(num[:0], w.regr_avgy(), 'g', -1, 64))
-	json.WriteString(`,"avgx":`)
-	json.Write(strconv.AppendFloat(num[:0], w.regr_avgx(), 'g', -1, 64))
-	json.WriteString(`,"syy":`)
-	json.Write(strconv.AppendFloat(num[:0], w.regr_syy(), 'g', -1, 64))
-	json.WriteString(`,"sxx":`)
-	json.Write(strconv.AppendFloat(num[:0], w.regr_sxx(), 'g', -1, 64))
-	json.WriteString(`,"sxy":`)
-	json.Write(strconv.AppendFloat(num[:0], w.regr_sxy(), 'g', -1, 64))
-	json.WriteString(`,"slope":`)
-	json.Write(strconv.AppendFloat(num[:0], w.regr_slope(), 'g', -1, 64))
-	json.WriteString(`,"intercept":`)
-	json.Write(strconv.AppendFloat(num[:0], w.regr_intercept(), 'g', -1, 64))
-	json.WriteString(`,"r2":`)
-	json.Write(strconv.AppendFloat(num[:0], w.regr_r2(), 'g', -1, 64))
-	json.WriteByte('}')
-	return json.String()
+func (w welford2) regr_json(dst []byte) []byte {
+	dst = append(dst, `{"count":`...)
+	dst = strconv.AppendInt(dst, w.regr_count(), 10)
+	dst = append(dst, `,"avgy":`...)
+	dst = util.AppendNumber(dst, w.regr_avgy())
+	dst = append(dst, `,"avgx":`...)
+	dst = util.AppendNumber(dst, w.regr_avgx())
+	dst = append(dst, `,"syy":`...)
+	dst = util.AppendNumber(dst, w.regr_syy())
+	dst = append(dst, `,"sxx":`...)
+	dst = util.AppendNumber(dst, w.regr_sxx())
+	dst = append(dst, `,"sxy":`...)
+	dst = util.AppendNumber(dst, w.regr_sxy())
+	dst = append(dst, `,"slope":`...)
+	dst = util.AppendNumber(dst, w.regr_slope())
+	dst = append(dst, `,"intercept":`...)
+	dst = util.AppendNumber(dst, w.regr_intercept())
+	dst = append(dst, `,"r2":`...)
+	dst = util.AppendNumber(dst, w.regr_r2())
+	return append(dst, '}')
 }
 
 func (w *welford2) enqueue(y, x float64) {
-	w.n++
+	n := w.n + 1
+	w.n = n
 	d1y := y - w.m1y.hi - w.m1y.lo
 	d1x := x - w.m1x.hi - w.m1x.lo
-	w.m1y.add(d1y / float64(w.n))
-	w.m1x.add(d1x / float64(w.n))
+	w.m1y.add(d1y / float64(n))
+	w.m1x.add(d1x / float64(n))
 	d2y := y - w.m1y.hi - w.m1y.lo
 	d2x := x - w.m1x.hi - w.m1x.lo
 	w.m2y.add(d1y * d2y)
@@ -152,30 +153,19 @@ func (w *welford2) enqueue(y, x float64) {
 }
 
 func (w *welford2) dequeue(y, x float64) {
-	w.n--
+	n := w.n - 1
+	if n <= 0 {
+		*w = welford2{}
+		return
+	}
+	w.n = n
 	d1y := y - w.m1y.hi - w.m1y.lo
 	d1x := x - w.m1x.hi - w.m1x.lo
-	w.m1y.sub(d1y / float64(w.n))
-	w.m1x.sub(d1x / float64(w.n))
+	w.m1y.sub(d1y / float64(n))
+	w.m1x.sub(d1x / float64(n))
 	d2y := y - w.m1y.hi - w.m1y.lo
 	d2x := x - w.m1x.hi - w.m1x.lo
 	w.m2y.sub(d1y * d2y)
 	w.m2x.sub(d1x * d2x)
 	w.cov.sub(d1y * d2x)
 }
-
-type kahan struct{ hi, lo float64 }
-
-func (k *kahan) add(x float64) {
-	y := k.lo + x
-	t := k.hi + y
-	k.lo = y - (t - k.hi)
-	k.hi = t
-}
-
-func (k *kahan) sub(x float64) {
-	y := k.lo - x
-	t := k.hi + y
-	k.lo = y - (t - k.hi)
-	k.hi = t
-}

ext/stats/welford_test.go

@@ -9,12 +9,14 @@ func Test_welford(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
 	var s1, s2 welford
+	s1.enqueue(1)
+	s1.dequeue(1)
 
 	s1.enqueue(4)
 	s1.enqueue(7)
 	s1.enqueue(13)
 	s1.enqueue(16)
-	if got := s1.average(); got != 10 {
+	if got := s1.mean(); got != 10 {
 		t.Errorf("got %v, want 10", got)
 	}
 	if got := s1.var_samp(); got != 30 {
@@ -43,6 +45,8 @@ func Test_covar(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
 	var c1, c2 welford2
+	c1.enqueue(1, 1)
+	c1.dequeue(1, 1)
 
 	c1.enqueue(3, 70)
 	c1.enqueue(5, 80)

ext/unicode/unicode.go

@@ -5,16 +5,18 @@
 //   - LIKE and REGEXP operators,
 //   - collation sequences.
 //
-// It also provides, from PostgreSQL:
-//   - unaccent(),
-//   - initcap().
-//
 // The implementation is not 100% compatible with the [ICU extension]:
 //   - upper() and lower() use [strings.ToUpper], [strings.ToLower] and [cases];
 //   - the LIKE operator follows [strings.EqualFold] rules;
 //   - the REGEXP operator uses Go [regexp/syntax];
 //   - collation sequences use [collate].
 //
+// It also provides (approximately) from PostgreSQL:
+//   - casefold(),
+//   - initcap(),
+//   - normalize(),
+//   - unaccent().
+//
 // Expect subtle differences (e.g.) in the handling of Turkish case folding.
 //
 // [ICU extension]: https://sqlite.org/src/dir/ext/icu
@@ -48,13 +50,13 @@ var RegisterLike = true
 // Register registers Unicode aware functions for a database connection.
 func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) error {
 	const flags = sqlite3.DETERMINISTIC | sqlite3.INNOCUOUS
-	var errs util.ErrorJoiner
+	var lkfn sqlite3.ScalarFunction
 	if RegisterLike {
-		errs.Join(
-			db.CreateFunction("like", 2, flags, like),
-			db.CreateFunction("like", 3, flags, like))
+		lkfn = like
 	}
-	errs.Join(
+	return errors.Join(
+		db.CreateFunction("like", 2, flags, lkfn),
+		db.CreateFunction("like", 3, flags, lkfn),
 		db.CreateFunction("upper", 1, flags, upper),
 		db.CreateFunction("upper", 2, flags, upper),
 		db.CreateFunction("lower", 1, flags, lower),
@@ -62,7 +64,10 @@ func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) error {
 		db.CreateFunction("regexp", 2, flags, regex),
 		db.CreateFunction("initcap", 1, flags, initcap),
 		db.CreateFunction("initcap", 2, flags, initcap),
+		db.CreateFunction("casefold", 1, flags, casefold),
 		db.CreateFunction("unaccent", 1, flags, unaccent),
+		db.CreateFunction("normalize", 1, flags, normalize),
+		db.CreateFunction("normalize", 2, flags, normalize),
 		db.CreateFunction("icu_load_collation", 2, sqlite3.DIRECTONLY,
 			func(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
 				name := arg[1].Text()
@@ -76,7 +81,6 @@ func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) error {
 					return // notest
 				}
 			}))
-	return errors.Join(errs...)
 }
 
 // RegisterCollation registers a Unicode collation sequence for a database connection.
@@ -154,6 +158,10 @@ func initcap(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
 	ctx.ResultRawText(cs.Bytes(arg[0].RawText()))
 }
 
+func casefold(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	ctx.ResultRawText(cases.Fold().Bytes(arg[0].RawText()))
+}
+
 func unaccent(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
 	unaccent := transform.Chain(norm.NFD, runes.Remove(runes.In(unicode.Mn)), norm.NFC)
 	res, _, err := transform.Bytes(unaccent, arg[0].RawText())
@@ -164,6 +172,31 @@ func unaccent(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
 	}
 }
 
+func normalize(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	form := norm.NFC
+	if len(arg) > 1 {
+		switch strings.ToUpper(arg[1].Text()) {
+		case "NFC":
+			//
+		case "NFD":
+			form = norm.NFD
+		case "NFKC":
+			form = norm.NFKC
+		case "NFKD":
+			form = norm.NFKD
+		default:
+			ctx.ResultError(util.ErrorString("unicode: invalid form"))
+			return
+		}
+	}
+	res, _, err := transform.Bytes(form, arg[0].RawText())
+	if err != nil {
+		ctx.ResultError(err) // notest
+	} else {
+		ctx.ResultRawText(res)
+	}
+}
+
 func regex(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
 	re, ok := ctx.GetAuxData(0).(*regexp.Regexp)
 	if !ok {
@@ -189,6 +222,7 @@ func like(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
 			return
 		}
 	}
+	_ = arg[1] // bounds check
 
 	type likeData struct {
 		*regexp.Regexp

ext/unicode/unicode_test.go

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ package unicode
 
 import (
 	"errors"
-	"reflect"
+	"slices"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
@@ -49,6 +49,12 @@ func TestRegister(t *testing.T) {
 		{`upper('Dünyanın İlk Borsası', 'tr-TR')`, "DÜNYANIN İLK BORSASI"},
 		{`initcap('Kad je hladno Marko nosi džemper')`, "Kad Je Hladno Marko Nosi Džemper"},
 		{`initcap('Kad je hladno Marko nosi džemper', 'hr-HR')`, "Kad Je Hladno Marko Nosi Džemper"},
+		{`normalize(X'61cc88')`, "ä"},
+		{`normalize(X'61cc88', 'NFC' )`, "ä"},
+		{`normalize(X'61cc88', 'NFKC')`, "ä"},
+		{`normalize('ä', 'NFD' )`, "\x61\xcc\x88"},
+		{`normalize('ä', 'NFKD')`, "\x61\xcc\x88"},
+		{`casefold('Maße')`, "masse"},
 		{`unaccent('Hôtel')`, "Hotel"},
 		{`'Hello' REGEXP 'ell'`, "1"},
 		{`'Hello' REGEXP 'el.'`, "1"},
@@ -115,7 +121,7 @@ func TestRegister_collation(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	if !reflect.DeepEqual(got, want) {
+	if !slices.Equal(got, want) {
 		t.Error("not equal")
 	}
 
@@ -166,7 +172,7 @@ func TestRegisterCollationsNeeded(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	if !reflect.DeepEqual(got, want) {
+	if !slices.Equal(got, want) {
 		t.Error("not equal")
 	}
 
@@ -208,6 +214,14 @@ func TestRegister_error(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("got %v, want sqlite3.ERROR", err)
 	}
 
+	err = db.Exec(`SELECT normalize('', 'NF')`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("want error")
+	}
+	if !errors.Is(err, sqlite3.ERROR) {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want sqlite3.ERROR", err)
+	}
+
 	err = db.Exec(`SELECT 'hello' REGEXP '\'`)
 	if err == nil {
 		t.Error("want error")

ext/uuid/uuid.go

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"bytes"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/google/uuid"
 
@@ -35,7 +36,9 @@ func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) error {
 		db.CreateFunction("uuid", 2, sqlite3.INNOCUOUS, generate),
 		db.CreateFunction("uuid", 3, sqlite3.INNOCUOUS, generate),
 		db.CreateFunction("uuid_str", 1, flags, toString),
-		db.CreateFunction("uuid_blob", 1, flags, toBlob))
+		db.CreateFunction("uuid_blob", 1, flags, toBlob),
+		db.CreateFunction("uuid_extract_version", 1, flags, version),
+		db.CreateFunction("uuid_extract_timestamp", 1, flags, timestamp))
 }
 
 func generate(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
@@ -167,3 +170,30 @@ func toString(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
 		ctx.ResultText(u.String())
 	}
 }
+
+func version(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	u, err := fromValue(arg[0])
+	if err != nil {
+		ctx.ResultError(err)
+		return // notest
+	}
+	if u.Variant() == uuid.RFC4122 {
+		ctx.ResultInt64(int64(u.Version()))
+	}
+}
+
+func timestamp(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	u, err := fromValue(arg[0])
+	if err != nil {
+		ctx.ResultError(err)
+		return // notest
+	}
+	if u.Variant() == uuid.RFC4122 {
+		switch u.Version() {
+		case 1, 2, 6, 7:
+			ctx.ResultTime(
+				time.Unix(u.Time().UnixTime()),
+				sqlite3.TimeFormatDefault)
+		}
+	}
+}

ext/uuid/uuid_test.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package uuid
 
 import (
 	"testing"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/google/uuid"
 
@@ -106,7 +107,26 @@ func Test_generate(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Error("want error")
 	}
 
-	hash := []struct {
+	var tstamp time.Time
+	var version uuid.Version
+	err = db.QueryRow(`
+		SELECT
+			column1,
+			uuid_extract_version(column1),
+			uuid_extract_timestamp(column1)
+		FROM (VALUES (uuid(7)))
+	`).Scan(&u, &version, &tstamp)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if got := u.Version(); got != version {
+		t.Errorf("got %d, want %d", got, version)
+	}
+	if got := time.Unix(u.Time().UnixTime()); !got.Equal(tstamp) {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want %v", got, tstamp)
+	}
+
+	tests := []struct {
 		ver  uuid.Version
 		ns   any
 		data string
@@ -120,7 +140,7 @@ func Test_generate(t *testing.T) {
 		{3, "url", "https://www.php.net", uuid.MustParse("3f703955-aaba-3e70-a3cb-baff6aa3b28f")},
 		{5, "url", "https://www.php.net", uuid.MustParse("a8f6ae40-d8a7-58f0-be05-a22f94eca9ec")},
 	}
-	for _, tt := range hash {
+	for _, tt := range tests {
 		err = db.QueryRow(`SELECT uuid(?, ?, ?)`, tt.ver, tt.ns, tt.data).Scan(&u)
 		if err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
@@ -142,14 +162,14 @@ func Test_convert(t *testing.T) {
 	defer db.Close()
 
 	var u uuid.UUID
-	lits := []string{
+	tests := []string{
 		"'6ba7b8119dad11d180b400c04fd430c8'",
 		"'6ba7b811-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8'",
 		"'{6ba7b811-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8}'",
 		"X'6ba7b8119dad11d180b400c04fd430c8'",
 	}
 
-	for _, tt := range lits {
+	for _, tt := range tests {
 		err = db.QueryRow(`SELECT uuid_str(` + tt + `)`).Scan(&u)
 		if err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
@@ -159,7 +179,7 @@ func Test_convert(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 
-	for _, tt := range lits {
+	for _, tt := range tests {
 		err = db.QueryRow(`SELECT uuid_blob(` + tt + `)`).Scan(&u)
 		if err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
@@ -178,4 +198,14 @@ func Test_convert(t *testing.T) {
 	if err == nil {
 		t.Fatal("want error")
 	}
+
+	err = db.QueryRow(`SELECT uuid_extract_version(X'cafe')`).Scan(&u)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("want error")
+	}
+
+	err = db.QueryRow(`SELECT uuid_extract_timestamp(X'cafe')`).Scan(&u)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("want error")
+	}
 }

func.go

@@ -14,12 +14,12 @@ import (
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/collation_needed.html
 func (c *Conn) CollationNeeded(cb func(db *Conn, name string)) error {
-	var enable uint64
+	var enable int32
 	if cb != nil {
 		enable = 1
 	}
-	r := c.call("sqlite3_collation_needed_go", uint64(c.handle), enable)
-	if err := c.error(r); err != nil {
+	rc := res_t(c.call("sqlite3_collation_needed_go", stk_t(c.handle), stk_t(enable)))
+	if err := c.error(rc); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	c.collation = cb
@@ -33,8 +33,8 @@ func (c *Conn) CollationNeeded(cb func(db *Conn, name string)) error {
 // This can be used to load schemas that contain
 // one or more unknown collating sequences.
 func (c Conn) AnyCollationNeeded() error {
-	r := c.call("sqlite3_anycollseq_init", uint64(c.handle), 0, 0)
-	if err := c.error(r); err != nil {
+	rc := res_t(c.call("sqlite3_anycollseq_init", stk_t(c.handle), 0, 0))
+	if err := c.error(rc); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	c.collation = nil
@@ -45,31 +45,31 @@ func (c Conn) AnyCollationNeeded() error {
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/create_collation.html
 func (c *Conn) CreateCollation(name string, fn func(a, b []byte) int) error {
-	var funcPtr uint32
+	var funcPtr ptr_t
 	defer c.arena.mark()()
 	namePtr := c.arena.string(name)
 	if fn != nil {
 		funcPtr = util.AddHandle(c.ctx, fn)
 	}
-	r := c.call("sqlite3_create_collation_go",
-		uint64(c.handle), uint64(namePtr), uint64(funcPtr))
-	return c.error(r)
+	rc := res_t(c.call("sqlite3_create_collation_go",
+		stk_t(c.handle), stk_t(namePtr), stk_t(funcPtr)))
+	return c.error(rc)
 }
 
 // CreateFunction defines a new scalar SQL function.
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/create_function.html
 func (c *Conn) CreateFunction(name string, nArg int, flag FunctionFlag, fn ScalarFunction) error {
-	var funcPtr uint32
+	var funcPtr ptr_t
 	defer c.arena.mark()()
 	namePtr := c.arena.string(name)
 	if fn != nil {
 		funcPtr = util.AddHandle(c.ctx, fn)
 	}
-	r := c.call("sqlite3_create_function_go",
-		uint64(c.handle), uint64(namePtr), uint64(nArg),
-		uint64(flag), uint64(funcPtr))
-	return c.error(r)
+	rc := res_t(c.call("sqlite3_create_function_go",
+		stk_t(c.handle), stk_t(namePtr), stk_t(nArg),
+		stk_t(flag), stk_t(funcPtr)))
+	return c.error(rc)
 }
 
 // ScalarFunction is the type of a scalar SQL function.
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ type ScalarFunction func(ctx Context, arg ...Value)
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/create_function.html
 func (c *Conn) CreateWindowFunction(name string, nArg int, flag FunctionFlag, fn func() AggregateFunction) error {
-	var funcPtr uint32
+	var funcPtr ptr_t
 	defer c.arena.mark()()
 	namePtr := c.arena.string(name)
 	if fn != nil {
@@ -92,10 +92,10 @@ func (c *Conn) CreateWindowFunction(name string, nArg int, flag FunctionFlag, fn
 	if _, ok := fn().(WindowFunction); ok {
 		call = "sqlite3_create_window_function_go"
 	}
-	r := c.call(call,
-		uint64(c.handle), uint64(namePtr), uint64(nArg),
-		uint64(flag), uint64(funcPtr))
-	return c.error(r)
+	rc := res_t(c.call(call,
+		stk_t(c.handle), stk_t(namePtr), stk_t(nArg),
+		stk_t(flag), stk_t(funcPtr)))
+	return c.error(rc)
 }
 
 // AggregateFunction is the interface an aggregate function should implement.
@@ -129,28 +129,28 @@ type WindowFunction interface {
 func (c *Conn) OverloadFunction(name string, nArg int) error {
 	defer c.arena.mark()()
 	namePtr := c.arena.string(name)
-	r := c.call("sqlite3_overload_function",
-		uint64(c.handle), uint64(namePtr), uint64(nArg))
-	return c.error(r)
+	rc := res_t(c.call("sqlite3_overload_function",
+		stk_t(c.handle), stk_t(namePtr), stk_t(nArg)))
+	return c.error(rc)
 }
 
-func destroyCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pApp uint32) {
+func destroyCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pApp ptr_t) {
 	util.DelHandle(ctx, pApp)
 }
 
-func collationCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pArg, pDB, eTextRep, zName uint32) {
+func collationCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pArg, pDB ptr_t, eTextRep uint32, zName ptr_t) {
 	if c, ok := ctx.Value(connKey{}).(*Conn); ok && c.handle == pDB && c.collation != nil {
 		name := util.ReadString(mod, zName, _MAX_NAME)
 		c.collation(c, name)
 	}
 }
 
-func compareCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pApp, nKey1, pKey1, nKey2, pKey2 uint32) uint32 {
+func compareCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pApp ptr_t, nKey1 int32, pKey1 ptr_t, nKey2 int32, pKey2 ptr_t) uint32 {
 	fn := util.GetHandle(ctx, pApp).(func(a, b []byte) int)
-	return uint32(fn(util.View(mod, pKey1, uint64(nKey1)), util.View(mod, pKey2, uint64(nKey2))))
+	return uint32(fn(util.View(mod, pKey1, int64(nKey1)), util.View(mod, pKey2, int64(nKey2))))
 }
 
-func funcCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pCtx, pApp, nArg, pArg uint32) {
+func funcCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pCtx, pApp ptr_t, nArg int32, pArg ptr_t) {
 	args := getFuncArgs()
 	defer putFuncArgs(args)
 	db := ctx.Value(connKey{}).(*Conn)
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ func funcCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pCtx, pApp, nArg, pArg ui
 	fn(Context{db, pCtx}, args[:nArg]...)
 }
 
-func stepCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pCtx, pAgg, pApp, nArg, pArg uint32) {
+func stepCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pCtx, pAgg, pApp ptr_t, nArg int32, pArg ptr_t) {
 	args := getFuncArgs()
 	defer putFuncArgs(args)
 	db := ctx.Value(connKey{}).(*Conn)
@@ -168,20 +168,23 @@ func stepCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pCtx, pAgg, pApp, nArg, p
 	fn.Step(Context{db, pCtx}, args[:nArg]...)
 }
 
-func finalCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pCtx, pAgg, pApp uint32) {
+func finalCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pCtx, pAgg, pApp ptr_t) {
 	db := ctx.Value(connKey{}).(*Conn)
 	fn, handle := callbackAggregate(db, pAgg, pApp)
 	fn.Value(Context{db, pCtx})
-	util.DelHandle(ctx, handle)
+	if err := util.DelHandle(ctx, handle); err != nil {
+		Context{db, pCtx}.ResultError(err)
+		return // notest
+	}
 }
 
-func valueCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pCtx, pAgg uint32) {
+func valueCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pCtx, pAgg ptr_t) {
 	db := ctx.Value(connKey{}).(*Conn)
 	fn := util.GetHandle(db.ctx, pAgg).(AggregateFunction)
 	fn.Value(Context{db, pCtx})
 }
 
-func inverseCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pCtx, pAgg, nArg, pArg uint32) {
+func inverseCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pCtx, pAgg ptr_t, nArg int32, pArg ptr_t) {
 	args := getFuncArgs()
 	defer putFuncArgs(args)
 	db := ctx.Value(connKey{}).(*Conn)
@@ -190,9 +193,9 @@ func inverseCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pCtx, pAgg, nArg, pArg
 	fn.Inverse(Context{db, pCtx}, args[:nArg]...)
 }
 
-func callbackAggregate(db *Conn, pAgg, pApp uint32) (AggregateFunction, uint32) {
+func callbackAggregate(db *Conn, pAgg, pApp ptr_t) (AggregateFunction, ptr_t) {
 	if pApp == 0 {
-		handle := util.ReadUint32(db.mod, pAgg)
+		handle := util.Read32[ptr_t](db.mod, pAgg)
 		return util.GetHandle(db.ctx, handle).(AggregateFunction), handle
 	}
 
@@ -200,17 +203,17 @@ func callbackAggregate(db *Conn, pAgg, pApp uint32) (AggregateFunction, uint32)
 	fn := util.GetHandle(db.ctx, pApp).(func() AggregateFunction)()
 	if pAgg != 0 {
 		handle := util.AddHandle(db.ctx, fn)
-		util.WriteUint32(db.mod, pAgg, handle)
+		util.Write32(db.mod, pAgg, handle)
 		return fn, handle
 	}
 	return fn, 0
 }
 
-func callbackArgs(db *Conn, arg []Value, pArg uint32) {
+func callbackArgs(db *Conn, arg []Value, pArg ptr_t) {
 	for i := range arg {
 		arg[i] = Value{
 			c:      db,
-			handle: util.ReadUint32(db.mod, pArg+ptrlen*uint32(i)),
+			handle: util.Read32[ptr_t](db.mod, pArg+ptr_t(i)*ptrlen),
 		}
 	}
 }

go.mod

@@ -1,21 +1,24 @@
 module github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3
 
-go 1.21
+go 1.22
 
 toolchain go1.23.0
 
 require (
-	github.com/dchest/siphash v1.2.3
-	github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0
 	github.com/ncruces/julianday v1.0.0
-	github.com/ncruces/sort v0.1.2
-	github.com/psanford/httpreadat v0.1.0
-	github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.8.1
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.28.0
-	golang.org/x/sync v0.8.0
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.26.0
-	golang.org/x/text v0.19.0
-	lukechampine.com/adiantum v1.1.1
+	github.com/ncruces/sort v0.1.5
+	github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.8.2
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.33.0
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.30.0
+)
+
+require (
+	github.com/dchest/siphash v1.2.3 // ext/bloom
+	github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0 // ext/uuid
+	github.com/psanford/httpreadat v0.1.0 // example
+	golang.org/x/sync v0.11.0 // test
+	golang.org/x/text v0.22.0 // ext/unicode
+	lukechampine.com/adiantum v1.1.1 // vfs/adiantum
 )
 
 retract v0.4.0 // tagged from the wrong branch

go.sum

@@ -4,19 +4,19 @@ github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0 h1:NIvaJDMOsjHA8n1jAhLSgzrAzy1Hgr+hNrb57e+94F0=
 github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0/go.mod h1:TIyPZe4MgqvfeYDBFedMoGGpEw/LqOeaOT+nhxU+yHo=
 github.com/ncruces/julianday v1.0.0 h1:fH0OKwa7NWvniGQtxdJRxAgkBMolni2BjDHaWTxqt7M=
 github.com/ncruces/julianday v1.0.0/go.mod h1:Dusn2KvZrrovOMJuOt0TNXL6tB7U2E8kvza5fFc9G7g=
-github.com/ncruces/sort v0.1.2 h1:zKQ9CA4fpHPF6xsUhRTfi5EEryspuBpe/QA4VWQOV1U=
-github.com/ncruces/sort v0.1.2/go.mod h1:vEJUTBJtebIuCMmXD18GKo5GJGhsay+xZFOoBEIXFmE=
+github.com/ncruces/sort v0.1.5 h1:fiFWXXAqKI8QckPf/6hu/bGFwcEPrirIOFaJqWujs4k=
+github.com/ncruces/sort v0.1.5/go.mod h1:obJToO4rYr6VWP0Uw5FYymgYGt3Br4RXcs/JdKaXAPk=
 github.com/psanford/httpreadat v0.1.0 h1:VleW1HS2zO7/4c7c7zNl33fO6oYACSagjJIyMIwZLUE=
 github.com/psanford/httpreadat v0.1.0/go.mod h1:Zg7P+TlBm3bYbyHTKv/EdtSJZn3qwbPwpfZ/I9GKCRE=
-github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.8.1 h1:NrcgVbWfkWvVc4UtT4LRLDf91PsOzDzefMdwhLfA550=
-github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.8.1/go.mod h1:yAI0XTsMBhREkM/YDAK/zNou3GoiAce1P6+rp/wQhjs=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.28.0 h1:GBDwsMXVQi34v5CCYUm2jkJvu4cbtru2U4TN2PSyQnw=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.28.0/go.mod h1:rmgy+3RHxRZMyY0jjAJShp2zgEdOqj2AO7U0pYmeQ7U=
-golang.org/x/sync v0.8.0 h1:3NFvSEYkUoMifnESzZl15y791HH1qU2xm6eCJU5ZPXQ=
-golang.org/x/sync v0.8.0/go.mod h1:Czt+wKu1gCyEFDUtn0jG5QVvpJ6rzVqr5aXyt9drQfk=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.26.0 h1:KHjCJyddX0LoSTb3J+vWpupP9p0oznkqVk/IfjymZbo=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.26.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
-golang.org/x/text v0.19.0 h1:kTxAhCbGbxhK0IwgSKiMO5awPoDQ0RpfiVYBfK860YM=
-golang.org/x/text v0.19.0/go.mod h1:BuEKDfySbSR4drPmRPG/7iBdf8hvFMuRexcpahXilzY=
+github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.8.2 h1:yIgLR/b2bN31bjxwXHD8a3d+BogigR952csSDdLYEv4=
+github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.8.2/go.mod h1:yAI0XTsMBhREkM/YDAK/zNou3GoiAce1P6+rp/wQhjs=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.33.0 h1:IOBPskki6Lysi0lo9qQvbxiQ+FvsCC/YWOecCHAixus=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.33.0/go.mod h1:bVdXmD7IV/4GdElGPozy6U7lWdRXA4qyRVGJV57uQ5M=
+golang.org/x/sync v0.11.0 h1:GGz8+XQP4FvTTrjZPzNKTMFtSXH80RAzG+5ghFPgK9w=
+golang.org/x/sync v0.11.0/go.mod h1:Czt+wKu1gCyEFDUtn0jG5QVvpJ6rzVqr5aXyt9drQfk=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.30.0 h1:QjkSwP/36a20jFYWkSue1YwXzLmsV5Gfq7Eiy72C1uc=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.30.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
+golang.org/x/text v0.22.0 h1:bofq7m3/HAFvbF51jz3Q9wLg3jkvSPuiZu/pD1XwgtM=
+golang.org/x/text v0.22.0/go.mod h1:YRoo4H8PVmsu+E3Ou7cqLVH8oXWIHVoX0jqUWALQhfY=
 lukechampine.com/adiantum v1.1.1 h1:4fp6gTxWCqpEbLy40ExiYDDED3oUNWx5cTqBCtPdZqA=
 lukechampine.com/adiantum v1.1.1/go.mod h1:LrAYVnTYLnUtE/yMp5bQr0HstAf060YUF8nM0B6+rUw=

go.work

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-go 1.21
-
-use (
-	.
-	./gormlite
-)

go.work.sum

@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-golang.org/x/mod v0.8.0/go.mod h1:iBbtSCu2XBx23ZKBPSOrRkjjQPZFPuis4dIYUhu/chs=
-golang.org/x/mod v0.17.0/go.mod h1:hTbmBsO62+eylJbnUtE2MGJUyE7QWk4xUqPFrRgJ+7c=
-golang.org/x/net v0.21.0/go.mod h1:bIjVDfnllIU7BJ2DNgfnXvpSvtn8VRwhlsaeUTyUS44=
-golang.org/x/net v0.25.0/go.mod h1:JkAGAh7GEvH74S6FOH42FLoXpXbE/aqXSrIQjXgsiwM=
-golang.org/x/telemetry v0.0.0-20240228155512-f48c80bd79b2/go.mod h1:TeRTkGYfJXctD9OcfyVLyj2J3IxLnKwHJR8f4D8a3YE=
-golang.org/x/term v0.20.0/go.mod h1:8UkIAJTvZgivsXaD6/pH6U9ecQzZ45awqEOzuCvwpFY=
-golang.org/x/term v0.21.0/go.mod h1:ooXLefLobQVslOqselCNF4SxFAaoS6KujMbsGzSDmX0=
-golang.org/x/term v0.22.0/go.mod h1:F3qCibpT5AMpCRfhfT53vVJwhLtIVHhB9XDjfFvnMI4=
-golang.org/x/term v0.23.0/go.mod h1:DgV24QBUrK6jhZXl+20l6UWznPlwAHm1Q1mGHtydmSk=
-golang.org/x/term v0.24.0/go.mod h1:lOBK/LVxemqiMij05LGJ0tzNr8xlmwBRJ81PX6wVLH8=
-golang.org/x/term v0.25.0/go.mod h1:RPyXicDX+6vLxogjjRxjgD2TKtmAO6NZBsBRfrOLu7M=
-golang.org/x/tools v0.6.0/go.mod h1:Xwgl3UAJ/d3gWutnCtw505GrjyAbvKui8lOU390QaIU=
-golang.org/x/tools v0.21.1-0.20240508182429-e35e4ccd0d2d/go.mod h1:aiJjzUbINMkxbQROHiO6hDPo2LHcIPhhQsa9DLh0yGk=

gormlite/ddlmod.go

@@ -17,23 +17,11 @@ var (
 	indexRegexp        = regexp.MustCompile(fmt.Sprintf(`(?is)CREATE(?: UNIQUE)? INDEX [%v]?[\w\d-]+[%v]?(?s:.*?)ON (.*)$`, sqliteSeparator, sqliteSeparator))
 	tableRegexp        = regexp.MustCompile(fmt.Sprintf(`(?is)(CREATE TABLE [%v]?[\w\d-]+[%v]?)(?:\s*\((.*)\))?`, sqliteSeparator, sqliteSeparator))
 	separatorRegexp    = regexp.MustCompile(fmt.Sprintf("[%v]", sqliteSeparator))
-	columnsRegexp      = regexp.MustCompile(fmt.Sprintf(`[(,][%v]?(\w+)[%v]?`, sqliteSeparator, sqliteSeparator))
 	columnRegexp       = regexp.MustCompile(fmt.Sprintf(`^[%v]?([\w\d]+)[%v]?\s+([\w\(\)\d]+)(.*)$`, sqliteSeparator, sqliteSeparator))
 	defaultValueRegexp = regexp.MustCompile(`(?i) DEFAULT \(?(.+)?\)?( |COLLATE|GENERATED|$)`)
 	regRealDataType    = regexp.MustCompile(`[^\d](\d+)[^\d]?`)
 )
 
-func getAllColumns(s string) []string {
-	allMatches := columnsRegexp.FindAllStringSubmatch(s, -1)
-	columns := make([]string, 0, len(allMatches))
-	for _, matches := range allMatches {
-		if len(matches) > 1 {
-			columns = append(columns, matches[1])
-		}
-	}
-	return columns
-}
-
 type ddl struct {
 	head    string
 	fields  []string
@@ -110,9 +98,10 @@ func parseDDL(strs ...string) (*ddl, error) {
 				if strings.HasPrefix(fUpper, "CONSTRAINT") {
 					matches := uniqueRegexp.FindStringSubmatch(f)
 					if len(matches) > 0 {
-						if columns := getAllColumns(matches[1]); len(columns) == 1 {
+						cols, err := parseAllColumns(matches[1])
+						if err == nil && len(cols) == 1 {
 							for idx, column := range result.columns {
-								if column.NameValue.String == columns[0] {
+								if column.NameValue.String == cols[0] {
 									column.UniqueValue = sql.NullBool{Bool: true, Valid: true}
 									result.columns[idx] = column
 									break
@@ -123,12 +112,15 @@ func parseDDL(strs ...string) (*ddl, error) {
 					continue
 				}
 				if strings.HasPrefix(fUpper, "PRIMARY KEY") {
-					for _, name := range getAllColumns(f) {
-						for idx, column := range result.columns {
-							if column.NameValue.String == name {
-								column.PrimaryKeyValue = sql.NullBool{Bool: true, Valid: true}
-								result.columns[idx] = column
-								break
+					cols, err := parseAllColumns(f)
+					if err == nil {
+						for _, name := range cols {
+							for idx, column := range result.columns {
+								if column.NameValue.String == name {
+									column.PrimaryKeyValue = sql.NullBool{Bool: true, Valid: true}
+									result.columns[idx] = column
+									break
+								}
 							}
 						}
 					}

gormlite/ddlmod_parse_all_columns.go

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+package gormlite
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+)
+
+type parseAllColumnsState int
+
+const (
+	parseAllColumnsState_NONE parseAllColumnsState = iota
+	parseAllColumnsState_Beginning
+	parseAllColumnsState_ReadingRawName
+	parseAllColumnsState_ReadingQuotedName
+	parseAllColumnsState_EndOfName
+	parseAllColumnsState_State_End
+)
+
+func parseAllColumns(in string) ([]string, error) {
+	s := []rune(in)
+	columns := make([]string, 0)
+	state := parseAllColumnsState_NONE
+	quote := rune(0)
+	name := make([]rune, 0)
+	for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ {
+		switch state {
+		case parseAllColumnsState_NONE:
+			if s[i] == '(' {
+				state = parseAllColumnsState_Beginning
+			}
+		case parseAllColumnsState_Beginning:
+			if isSpace(s[i]) {
+				continue
+			}
+			if isQuote(s[i]) {
+				state = parseAllColumnsState_ReadingQuotedName
+				quote = s[i]
+				continue
+			}
+			if s[i] == '[' {
+				state = parseAllColumnsState_ReadingQuotedName
+				quote = ']'
+				continue
+			} else if s[i] == ')' {
+				return columns, fmt.Errorf("unexpected token: %s", string(s[i]))
+			}
+			state = parseAllColumnsState_ReadingRawName
+			name = append(name, s[i])
+		case parseAllColumnsState_ReadingRawName:
+			if isSeparator(s[i]) {
+				state = parseAllColumnsState_Beginning
+				columns = append(columns, string(name))
+				name = make([]rune, 0)
+				continue
+			}
+			if s[i] == ')' {
+				state = parseAllColumnsState_State_End
+				columns = append(columns, string(name))
+			}
+			if isQuote(s[i]) {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("unexpected token: %s", string(s[i]))
+			}
+			if isSpace(s[i]) {
+				state = parseAllColumnsState_EndOfName
+				columns = append(columns, string(name))
+				name = make([]rune, 0)
+				continue
+			}
+			name = append(name, s[i])
+		case parseAllColumnsState_ReadingQuotedName:
+			if s[i] == quote {
+				// check if quote character is escaped
+				if i+1 < len(s) && s[i+1] == quote {
+					name = append(name, quote)
+					i++
+					continue
+				}
+				state = parseAllColumnsState_EndOfName
+				columns = append(columns, string(name))
+				name = make([]rune, 0)
+				continue
+			}
+			name = append(name, s[i])
+		case parseAllColumnsState_EndOfName:
+			if isSpace(s[i]) {
+				continue
+			}
+			if isSeparator(s[i]) {
+				state = parseAllColumnsState_Beginning
+				continue
+			}
+			if s[i] == ')' {
+				state = parseAllColumnsState_State_End
+				continue
+			}
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("unexpected token: %s", string(s[i]))
+		case parseAllColumnsState_State_End:
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	if state != parseAllColumnsState_State_End {
+		return nil, errors.New("unexpected end")
+	}
+	return columns, nil
+}
+
+func isSpace(r rune) bool {
+	return r == ' ' || r == '\t'
+}
+
+func isQuote(r rune) bool {
+	return r == '`' || r == '"' || r == '\''
+}
+
+func isSeparator(r rune) bool {
+	return r == ','
+}

gormlite/ddlmod_parse_all_columns_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+package gormlite
+
+import "testing"
+
+func TestParseAllColumns(t *testing.T) {
+	tc := []struct {
+		name     string
+		input    string
+		expected []string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "Simple case",
+			input:    "PRIMARY KEY (column1, column2)",
+			expected: []string{"column1", "column2"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Quoted column name",
+			input:    "PRIMARY KEY (`column,xxx`, \"column 2\", \"column)3\", 'column''4', \"column\"\"5\")",
+			expected: []string{"column,xxx", "column 2", "column)3", "column'4", "column\"5"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Japanese column name",
+			input:    "PRIMARY KEY (カラム1, `カラム2`)",
+			expected: []string{"カラム1", "カラム2"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Column name quoted with []",
+			input:    "PRIMARY KEY ([column1], [column2])",
+			expected: []string{"column1", "column2"},
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tc {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			cols, err := parseAllColumns(tt.input)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Errorf("Failed to parse columns: %s", err)
+			}
+			if len(cols) != len(tt.expected) {
+				t.Errorf("Expected %d columns, got %d", len(tt.expected), len(cols))
+			}
+			for i, col := range cols {
+				if col != tt.expected[i] {
+					t.Errorf("Expected %s, got %s", tt.expected[i], col)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

gormlite/download.sh

@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-set -euo pipefail
-
-cd -P -- "$(dirname -- "$0")"
-
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.5.6/ddlmod.go"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.5.6/ddlmod_test.go"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.5.6/error_translator.go"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.5.6/migrator.go"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.5.6/sqlite.go"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.5.6/sqlite_test.go"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.5.6/sqlite_test.go"
-curl -#L "https://github.com/glebarez/sqlite/raw/v1.11.0/sqlite_error_translator_test.go" > error_translator_test.go

gormlite/error_translator.go

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
 )
 
+// Translate it will translate the error to native gorm errors.
 func (_Dialector) Translate(err error) error {
 	switch {
 	case

gormlite/go.mod

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 module github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/gormlite
 
-go 1.21
+go 1.22
 
 toolchain go1.23.0
 
 require (
-	github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3 v0.20.0
+	github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3 v0.22.0
 	gorm.io/gorm v1.25.12
 )
 
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/jinzhu/inflection v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/jinzhu/now v1.1.5 // indirect
 	github.com/ncruces/julianday v1.0.0 // indirect
-	github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.8.1 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.26.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/text v0.19.0 // indirect
+	github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.8.2 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.30.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/text v0.22.0 // indirect
 )

gormlite/go.sum

@@ -2,15 +2,15 @@ github.com/jinzhu/inflection v1.0.0 h1:K317FqzuhWc8YvSVlFMCCUb36O/S9MCKRDI7QkRKD
 github.com/jinzhu/inflection v1.0.0/go.mod h1:h+uFLlag+Qp1Va5pdKtLDYj+kHp5pxUVkryuEj+Srlc=
 github.com/jinzhu/now v1.1.5 h1:/o9tlHleP7gOFmsnYNz3RGnqzefHA47wQpKrrdTIwXQ=
 github.com/jinzhu/now v1.1.5/go.mod h1:d3SSVoowX0Lcu0IBviAWJpolVfI5UJVZZ7cO71lE/z8=
-github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3 v0.20.0 h1:/nBLvYxj7sk9S6y57nmMFvoQ/KJtGo0pNi8J80s8oJU=
-github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3 v0.20.0/go.mod h1:yL4ZNWGsr1/8pcLfpPW1RT1WFdvyeHonrgIwwi4rvkg=
+github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3 v0.22.0 h1:FkGSBhd0TY6e66k1LVhyEpA+RnG/8QkQNed5pjIk4cs=
+github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3 v0.22.0/go.mod h1:ueXOZXYZS2OFQirCU3mHneDwJm5fGKHrtccYBeGEV7M=
 github.com/ncruces/julianday v1.0.0 h1:fH0OKwa7NWvniGQtxdJRxAgkBMolni2BjDHaWTxqt7M=
 github.com/ncruces/julianday v1.0.0/go.mod h1:Dusn2KvZrrovOMJuOt0TNXL6tB7U2E8kvza5fFc9G7g=
-github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.8.1 h1:NrcgVbWfkWvVc4UtT4LRLDf91PsOzDzefMdwhLfA550=
-github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.8.1/go.mod h1:yAI0XTsMBhREkM/YDAK/zNou3GoiAce1P6+rp/wQhjs=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.26.0 h1:KHjCJyddX0LoSTb3J+vWpupP9p0oznkqVk/IfjymZbo=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.26.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
-golang.org/x/text v0.19.0 h1:kTxAhCbGbxhK0IwgSKiMO5awPoDQ0RpfiVYBfK860YM=
-golang.org/x/text v0.19.0/go.mod h1:BuEKDfySbSR4drPmRPG/7iBdf8hvFMuRexcpahXilzY=
+github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.8.2 h1:yIgLR/b2bN31bjxwXHD8a3d+BogigR952csSDdLYEv4=
+github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.8.2/go.mod h1:yAI0XTsMBhREkM/YDAK/zNou3GoiAce1P6+rp/wQhjs=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.30.0 h1:QjkSwP/36a20jFYWkSue1YwXzLmsV5Gfq7Eiy72C1uc=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.30.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
+golang.org/x/text v0.22.0 h1:bofq7m3/HAFvbF51jz3Q9wLg3jkvSPuiZu/pD1XwgtM=
+golang.org/x/text v0.22.0/go.mod h1:YRoo4H8PVmsu+E3Ou7cqLVH8oXWIHVoX0jqUWALQhfY=
 gorm.io/gorm v1.25.12 h1:I0u8i2hWQItBq1WfE0o2+WuL9+8L21K9e2HHSTE/0f8=
 gorm.io/gorm v1.25.12/go.mod h1:xh7N7RHfYlNc5EmcI/El95gXusucDrQnHXe0+CgWcLQ=

gormlite/sqlite.go

@@ -14,6 +14,11 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver"
 )
 
+type _Dialector struct {
+	DSN  string
+	Conn gorm.ConnPool
+}
+
 // Open opens a GORM dialector from a data source name.
 func Open(dsn string) gorm.Dialector {
 	return &_Dialector{DSN: dsn}
@@ -24,11 +29,6 @@ func OpenDB(db gorm.ConnPool) gorm.Dialector {
 	return &_Dialector{Conn: db}
 }
 
-type _Dialector struct {
-	DSN  string
-	Conn gorm.ConnPool
-}
-
 func (dialector _Dialector) Name() string {
 	return "sqlite"
 }

gormlite/update.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -euo pipefail
+
+cd -P -- "$(dirname -- "$0")"
+
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.5.7/ddlmod.go"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.5.7/ddlmod_test.go"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.5.7/ddlmod_parse_all_columns.go"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.5.7/ddlmod_parse_all_columns_test.go"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.5.7/error_translator.go"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.5.7/migrator.go"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.5.7/sqlite.go"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.5.7/sqlite_test.go"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.5.7/sqlite_test.go"
+curl -#L "https://github.com/glebarez/sqlite/raw/v1.11.0/sqlite_error_translator_test.go" > error_translator_test.go

internal/alloc/alloc_other.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-//go:build !(unix || windows) || sqlite3_nosys
+//go:build !unix && !windows
 
 package alloc
 

internal/alloc/alloc_unix.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-//go:build unix && !sqlite3_nosys
+//go:build unix
 
 package alloc
 

internal/alloc/alloc_windows.go

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-//go:build !sqlite3_nosys
-
 package alloc
 
 import (

internal/dotlk/dotlk.go

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+package dotlk
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"io/fs"
+	"os"
+)
+
+// LockShm creates a directory on disk to prevent SQLite
+// from using this path for a shared memory file.
+func LockShm(name string) error {
+	err := os.Mkdir(name, 0777)
+	if errors.Is(err, fs.ErrExist) {
+		s, err := os.Lstat(name)
+		if err == nil && s.IsDir() {
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+	return err
+}
+
+// Unlock removes the lock or shared memory file.
+func Unlock(name string) error {
+	err := os.Remove(name)
+	if errors.Is(err, fs.ErrNotExist) {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return err
+}

internal/dotlk/dotlk_other.go

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+//go:build !unix
+
+package dotlk
+
+import "os"
+
+// TryLock returns nil if it acquired the lock,
+// fs.ErrExist if another process has the lock.
+func TryLock(name string) error {
+	f, err := os.OpenFile(name, os.O_RDWR|os.O_CREATE|os.O_EXCL, 0666)
+	f.Close()
+	return err
+}

internal/dotlk/dotlk_unix.go

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+//go:build unix
+
+package dotlk
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"io/fs"
+	"os"
+	"strconv"
+
+	"golang.org/x/sys/unix"
+)
+
+// TryLock returns nil if it acquired the lock,
+// fs.ErrExist if another process has the lock.
+func TryLock(name string) error {
+	for retry := true; retry; retry = false {
+		f, err := os.OpenFile(name, os.O_RDWR|os.O_CREATE|os.O_EXCL, 0666)
+		if err == nil {
+			f.WriteString(strconv.Itoa(os.Getpid()))
+			f.Close()
+			return nil
+		}
+		if !errors.Is(err, fs.ErrExist) {
+			return err
+		}
+		if !removeStale(name) {
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	return fs.ErrExist
+}
+
+func removeStale(name string) bool {
+	buf, err := os.ReadFile(name)
+	if err != nil {
+		return errors.Is(err, fs.ErrNotExist)
+	}
+
+	pid, err := strconv.Atoi(string(buf))
+	if err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	if unix.Kill(pid, 0) == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	err = os.Remove(name)
+	return err == nil || errors.Is(err, fs.ErrNotExist)
+}

internal/testcfg/testcfg.go

@@ -7,14 +7,18 @@ import (
 	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero"
 
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
 )
 
 // notest
 
 func init() {
-	sqlite3.RuntimeConfig = wazero.NewRuntimeConfig().
-		WithMemoryLimitPages(512)
-
+	if util.CompilerSupported() {
+		sqlite3.RuntimeConfig = wazero.NewRuntimeConfigCompiler()
+	} else {
+		sqlite3.RuntimeConfig = wazero.NewRuntimeConfigInterpreter()
+	}
+	sqlite3.RuntimeConfig = sqlite3.RuntimeConfig.WithMemoryLimitPages(512)
 	if os.Getenv("CI") != "" {
 		path := filepath.Join(os.TempDir(), "wazero")
 		if err := os.MkdirAll(path, 0777); err == nil {

internal/util/compiler.go

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+package util
+
+import (
+	"runtime"
+
+	"golang.org/x/sys/cpu"
+)
+
+func CompilerSupported() bool {
+	switch runtime.GOOS {
+	case "linux", "android",
+		"windows", "darwin",
+		"freebsd", "netbsd", "dragonfly",
+		"solaris", "illumos":
+		break
+	default:
+		return false
+	}
+	switch runtime.GOARCH {
+	case "amd64":
+		return cpu.X86.HasSSE41
+	case "arm64":
+		return true
+	default:
+		return false
+	}
+}

internal/util/func.go

@@ -7,9 +7,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/api"
 )
 
-type i32 interface{ ~int32 | ~uint32 }
-type i64 interface{ ~int64 | ~uint64 }
-
 type funcVI[T0 i32] func(context.Context, api.Module, T0)
 
 func (fn funcVI[T0]) Call(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, stack []uint64) {

internal/util/handle.go

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ func (s *handleState) CloseNotify(ctx context.Context, exitCode uint32) {
 	s.holes = 0
 }
 
-func GetHandle(ctx context.Context, id uint32) any {
+func GetHandle(ctx context.Context, id Ptr_t) any {
 	if id == 0 {
 		return nil
 	}
@@ -28,14 +28,14 @@ func GetHandle(ctx context.Context, id uint32) any {
 	return s.handles[^id]
 }
 
-func DelHandle(ctx context.Context, id uint32) error {
+func DelHandle(ctx context.Context, id Ptr_t) error {
 	if id == 0 {
 		return nil
 	}
 	s := ctx.Value(moduleKey{}).(*moduleState)
 	a := s.handles[^id]
 	s.handles[^id] = nil
-	if l := uint32(len(s.handles)); l == ^id {
+	if l := Ptr_t(len(s.handles)); l == ^id {
 		s.handles = s.handles[:l-1]
 	} else {
 		s.holes++
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ func DelHandle(ctx context.Context, id uint32) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-func AddHandle(ctx context.Context, a any) uint32 {
+func AddHandle(ctx context.Context, a any) Ptr_t {
 	if a == nil {
 		panic(NilErr)
 	}
@@ -59,12 +59,12 @@ func AddHandle(ctx context.Context, a any) uint32 {
 			if h == nil {
 				s.holes--
 				s.handles[id] = a
-				return ^uint32(id)
+				return ^Ptr_t(id)
 			}
 		}
 	}
 
 	// Add a new slot.
 	s.handles = append(s.handles, a)
-	return -uint32(len(s.handles))
+	return -Ptr_t(len(s.handles))
 }

internal/util/json.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package util
 
 import (
 	"encoding/json"
+	"math"
 	"strconv"
 	"time"
 	"unsafe"
@@ -20,7 +21,7 @@ func (j JSON) Scan(value any) error {
 	case int64:
 		buf = strconv.AppendInt(nil, v, 10)
 	case float64:
-		buf = strconv.AppendFloat(nil, v, 'g', -1, 64)
+		buf = AppendNumber(nil, v)
 	case time.Time:
 		buf = append(buf, '"')
 		buf = v.AppendFormat(buf, time.RFC3339Nano)
@@ -33,3 +34,17 @@ func (j JSON) Scan(value any) error {
 
 	return json.Unmarshal(buf, j.Value)
 }
+
+func AppendNumber(dst []byte, f float64) []byte {
+	switch {
+	case math.IsNaN(f):
+		dst = append(dst, "null"...)
+	case math.IsInf(f, 1):
+		dst = append(dst, "9.0e999"...)
+	case math.IsInf(f, -1):
+		dst = append(dst, "-9.0e999"...)
+	default:
+		return strconv.AppendFloat(dst, f, 'g', -1, 64)
+	}
+	return dst
+}

internal/util/mem.go

@@ -7,110 +7,121 @@ import (
 	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/api"
 )
 
-func View(mod api.Module, ptr uint32, size uint64) []byte {
+const (
+	PtrLen = 4
+	IntLen = 4
+)
+
+type (
+	i8  interface{ ~int8 | ~uint8 }
+	i32 interface{ ~int32 | ~uint32 }
+	i64 interface{ ~int64 | ~uint64 }
+
+	Stk_t = uint64
+	Ptr_t uint32
+	Res_t int32
+)
+
+func View(mod api.Module, ptr Ptr_t, size int64) []byte {
 	if ptr == 0 {
 		panic(NilErr)
 	}
-	if size > math.MaxUint32 {
-		panic(RangeErr)
-	}
 	if size == 0 {
 		return nil
 	}
-	buf, ok := mod.Memory().Read(ptr, uint32(size))
+	if uint64(size) > math.MaxUint32 {
+		panic(RangeErr)
+	}
+	buf, ok := mod.Memory().Read(uint32(ptr), uint32(size))
 	if !ok {
 		panic(RangeErr)
 	}
 	return buf
 }
 
-func ReadUint8(mod api.Module, ptr uint32) uint8 {
+func Read[T i8](mod api.Module, ptr Ptr_t) T {
 	if ptr == 0 {
 		panic(NilErr)
 	}
-	v, ok := mod.Memory().ReadByte(ptr)
+	v, ok := mod.Memory().ReadByte(uint32(ptr))
 	if !ok {
 		panic(RangeErr)
 	}
-	return v
+	return T(v)
 }
 
-func ReadUint32(mod api.Module, ptr uint32) uint32 {
+func Write[T i8](mod api.Module, ptr Ptr_t, v T) {
 	if ptr == 0 {
 		panic(NilErr)
 	}
-	v, ok := mod.Memory().ReadUint32Le(ptr)
-	if !ok {
-		panic(RangeErr)
-	}
-	return v
-}
-
-func WriteUint8(mod api.Module, ptr uint32, v uint8) {
-	if ptr == 0 {
-		panic(NilErr)
-	}
-	ok := mod.Memory().WriteByte(ptr, v)
+	ok := mod.Memory().WriteByte(uint32(ptr), uint8(v))
 	if !ok {
 		panic(RangeErr)
 	}
 }
 
-func WriteUint32(mod api.Module, ptr uint32, v uint32) {
+func Read32[T i32](mod api.Module, ptr Ptr_t) T {
 	if ptr == 0 {
 		panic(NilErr)
 	}
-	ok := mod.Memory().WriteUint32Le(ptr, v)
+	v, ok := mod.Memory().ReadUint32Le(uint32(ptr))
+	if !ok {
+		panic(RangeErr)
+	}
+	return T(v)
+}
+
+func Write32[T i32](mod api.Module, ptr Ptr_t, v T) {
+	if ptr == 0 {
+		panic(NilErr)
+	}
+	ok := mod.Memory().WriteUint32Le(uint32(ptr), uint32(v))
 	if !ok {
 		panic(RangeErr)
 	}
 }
 
-func ReadUint64(mod api.Module, ptr uint32) uint64 {
+func Read64[T i64](mod api.Module, ptr Ptr_t) T {
 	if ptr == 0 {
 		panic(NilErr)
 	}
-	v, ok := mod.Memory().ReadUint64Le(ptr)
+	v, ok := mod.Memory().ReadUint64Le(uint32(ptr))
 	if !ok {
 		panic(RangeErr)
 	}
-	return v
+	return T(v)
 }
 
-func WriteUint64(mod api.Module, ptr uint32, v uint64) {
+func Write64[T i64](mod api.Module, ptr Ptr_t, v T) {
 	if ptr == 0 {
 		panic(NilErr)
 	}
-	ok := mod.Memory().WriteUint64Le(ptr, v)
+	ok := mod.Memory().WriteUint64Le(uint32(ptr), uint64(v))
 	if !ok {
 		panic(RangeErr)
 	}
 }
 
-func ReadFloat64(mod api.Module, ptr uint32) float64 {
-	return math.Float64frombits(ReadUint64(mod, ptr))
+func ReadFloat64(mod api.Module, ptr Ptr_t) float64 {
+	return math.Float64frombits(Read64[uint64](mod, ptr))
 }
 
-func WriteFloat64(mod api.Module, ptr uint32, v float64) {
-	WriteUint64(mod, ptr, math.Float64bits(v))
+func WriteFloat64(mod api.Module, ptr Ptr_t, v float64) {
+	Write64(mod, ptr, math.Float64bits(v))
 }
 
-func ReadString(mod api.Module, ptr, maxlen uint32) string {
+func ReadString(mod api.Module, ptr Ptr_t, maxlen int64) string {
 	if ptr == 0 {
 		panic(NilErr)
 	}
-	switch maxlen {
-	case 0:
+	if maxlen <= 0 {
 		return ""
-	case math.MaxUint32:
-		// avoid overflow
-	default:
-		maxlen = maxlen + 1
 	}
 	mem := mod.Memory()
-	buf, ok := mem.Read(ptr, maxlen)
+	maxlen = min(maxlen, math.MaxInt32-1) + 1
+	buf, ok := mem.Read(uint32(ptr), uint32(maxlen))
 	if !ok {
-		buf, ok = mem.Read(ptr, mem.Size()-ptr)
+		buf, ok = mem.Read(uint32(ptr), mem.Size()-uint32(ptr))
 		if !ok {
 			panic(RangeErr)
 		}
@@ -122,13 +133,13 @@ func ReadString(mod api.Module, ptr, maxlen uint32) string {
 	}
 }
 
-func WriteBytes(mod api.Module, ptr uint32, b []byte) {
-	buf := View(mod, ptr, uint64(len(b)))
+func WriteBytes(mod api.Module, ptr Ptr_t, b []byte) {
+	buf := View(mod, ptr, int64(len(b)))
 	copy(buf, b)
 }
 
-func WriteString(mod api.Module, ptr uint32, s string) {
-	buf := View(mod, ptr, uint64(len(s)+1))
+func WriteString(mod api.Module, ptr Ptr_t, s string) {
+	buf := View(mod, ptr, int64(len(s))+1)
 	buf[len(s)] = 0
 	copy(buf, s)
 }

internal/util/mem_test.go

@@ -31,90 +31,90 @@ func TestView_overflow(t *testing.T) {
 func TestReadUint8_nil(t *testing.T) {
 	defer func() { _ = recover() }()
 	mock := wazerotest.NewModule(wazerotest.NewFixedMemory(wazerotest.PageSize))
-	ReadUint8(mock, 0)
+	Read[byte](mock, 0)
 	t.Error("want panic")
 }
 
 func TestReadUint8_range(t *testing.T) {
 	defer func() { _ = recover() }()
 	mock := wazerotest.NewModule(wazerotest.NewFixedMemory(wazerotest.PageSize))
-	ReadUint8(mock, wazerotest.PageSize)
+	Read[byte](mock, wazerotest.PageSize)
 	t.Error("want panic")
 }
 
 func TestReadUint32_nil(t *testing.T) {
 	defer func() { _ = recover() }()
 	mock := wazerotest.NewModule(wazerotest.NewFixedMemory(wazerotest.PageSize))
-	ReadUint32(mock, 0)
+	Read32[uint32](mock, 0)
 	t.Error("want panic")
 }
 
 func TestReadUint32_range(t *testing.T) {
 	defer func() { _ = recover() }()
 	mock := wazerotest.NewModule(wazerotest.NewFixedMemory(wazerotest.PageSize))
-	ReadUint32(mock, wazerotest.PageSize-2)
+	Read32[uint32](mock, wazerotest.PageSize-2)
 	t.Error("want panic")
 }
 
 func TestReadUint64_nil(t *testing.T) {
 	defer func() { _ = recover() }()
 	mock := wazerotest.NewModule(wazerotest.NewFixedMemory(wazerotest.PageSize))
-	ReadUint64(mock, 0)
+	Read64[uint64](mock, 0)
 	t.Error("want panic")
 }
 
 func TestReadUint64_range(t *testing.T) {
 	defer func() { _ = recover() }()
 	mock := wazerotest.NewModule(wazerotest.NewFixedMemory(wazerotest.PageSize))
-	ReadUint64(mock, wazerotest.PageSize-2)
+	Read64[uint64](mock, wazerotest.PageSize-2)
 	t.Error("want panic")
 }
 
 func TestWriteUint8_nil(t *testing.T) {
 	defer func() { _ = recover() }()
 	mock := wazerotest.NewModule(wazerotest.NewFixedMemory(wazerotest.PageSize))
-	WriteUint8(mock, 0, 1)
+	Write[byte](mock, 0, 1)
 	t.Error("want panic")
 }
 
 func TestWriteUint8_range(t *testing.T) {
 	defer func() { _ = recover() }()
 	mock := wazerotest.NewModule(wazerotest.NewFixedMemory(wazerotest.PageSize))
-	WriteUint8(mock, wazerotest.PageSize, 1)
+	Write[byte](mock, wazerotest.PageSize, 1)
 	t.Error("want panic")
 }
 
 func TestWriteUint32_nil(t *testing.T) {
 	defer func() { _ = recover() }()
 	mock := wazerotest.NewModule(wazerotest.NewFixedMemory(wazerotest.PageSize))
-	WriteUint32(mock, 0, 1)
+	Write32[uint32](mock, 0, 1)
 	t.Error("want panic")
 }
 
 func TestWriteUint32_range(t *testing.T) {
 	defer func() { _ = recover() }()
 	mock := wazerotest.NewModule(wazerotest.NewFixedMemory(wazerotest.PageSize))
-	WriteUint32(mock, wazerotest.PageSize-2, 1)
+	Write32[uint32](mock, wazerotest.PageSize-2, 1)
 	t.Error("want panic")
 }
 
 func TestWriteUint64_nil(t *testing.T) {
 	defer func() { _ = recover() }()
 	mock := wazerotest.NewModule(wazerotest.NewFixedMemory(wazerotest.PageSize))
-	WriteUint64(mock, 0, 1)
+	Write64[uint64](mock, 0, 1)
 	t.Error("want panic")
 }
 
 func TestWriteUint64_range(t *testing.T) {
 	defer func() { _ = recover() }()
 	mock := wazerotest.NewModule(wazerotest.NewFixedMemory(wazerotest.PageSize))
-	WriteUint64(mock, wazerotest.PageSize-2, 1)
+	Write64[uint64](mock, wazerotest.PageSize-2, 1)
 	t.Error("want panic")
 }
 
 func TestReadString_range(t *testing.T) {
 	defer func() { _ = recover() }()
 	mock := wazerotest.NewModule(wazerotest.NewFixedMemory(wazerotest.PageSize))
-	ReadString(mock, wazerotest.PageSize+2, math.MaxUint32)
+	ReadString(mock, wazerotest.PageSize+2, math.MaxInt)
 	t.Error("want panic")
 }

internal/util/mmap_other.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-//go:build !unix || sqlite3_nosys
+//go:build !unix
 
 package util
 

internal/util/mmap_unix.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-//go:build unix && !sqlite3_nosys
+//go:build unix
 
 package util
 
@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@ func (s *mmapState) new(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, size int32) *Mapped
 
 	// Allocate page aligned memmory.
 	alloc := mod.ExportedFunction("aligned_alloc")
-	stack := [...]uint64{
-		uint64(unix.Getpagesize()),
-		uint64(size),
+	stack := [...]Stk_t{
+		Stk_t(unix.Getpagesize()),
+		Stk_t(size),
 	}
 	if err := alloc.CallWithStack(ctx, stack[:]); err != nil {
 		panic(err)
@@ -37,20 +37,20 @@ func (s *mmapState) new(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, size int32) *Mapped
 	}
 
 	// Save the newly allocated region.
-	ptr := uint32(stack[0])
-	buf := View(mod, ptr, uint64(size))
-	addr := unsafe.Pointer(&buf[0])
-	s.regions = append(s.regions, &MappedRegion{
+	ptr := Ptr_t(stack[0])
+	buf := View(mod, ptr, int64(size))
+	ret := &MappedRegion{
 		Ptr:  ptr,
-		addr: addr,
 		size: size,
-	})
-	return s.regions[len(s.regions)-1]
+		addr: unsafe.Pointer(&buf[0]),
+	}
+	s.regions = append(s.regions, ret)
+	return ret
 }
 
 type MappedRegion struct {
 	addr unsafe.Pointer
-	Ptr  uint32
+	Ptr  Ptr_t
 	size int32
 	used bool
 }

internal/util/mmap_windows.go

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-//go:build !sqlite3_nosys
-
 package util
 
 import (
@@ -31,13 +29,13 @@ func MapRegion(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, f *os.File, offset int64, si
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	res := &MappedRegion{Handle: h, addr: a}
+	ret := &MappedRegion{Handle: h, addr: a}
 	// SliceHeader, although deprecated, avoids a go vet warning.
-	sh := (*reflect.SliceHeader)(unsafe.Pointer(&res.Data))
+	sh := (*reflect.SliceHeader)(unsafe.Pointer(&ret.Data))
 	sh.Len = int(size)
 	sh.Cap = int(size)
 	sh.Data = a
-	return res, nil
+	return ret, nil
 }
 
 func (r *MappedRegion) Unmap() error {

internal/util/module.go

@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/alloc"
 )
 
+type ConnKey struct{}
+
 type moduleKey struct{}
 type moduleState struct {
 	mmapState

sqlite.go

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package sqlite3
 
 import (
 	"context"
-	"math"
 	"math/bits"
 	"os"
 	"sync"
@@ -11,7 +10,6 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero"
 	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/api"
-	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/experimental"
 
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs"
@@ -49,14 +47,18 @@ func compileSQLite() {
 	ctx := context.Background()
 	cfg := RuntimeConfig
 	if cfg == nil {
-		cfg = wazero.NewRuntimeConfig()
-		if bits.UintSize >= 64 {
-			cfg = cfg.WithMemoryLimitPages(4096) // 256MB
+		if util.CompilerSupported() {
+			cfg = wazero.NewRuntimeConfigCompiler()
 		} else {
-			cfg = cfg.WithMemoryLimitPages(512) // 32MB
+			cfg = wazero.NewRuntimeConfigInterpreter()
 		}
+		if bits.UintSize < 64 {
+			cfg = cfg.WithMemoryLimitPages(512) // 32MB
+		} else {
+			cfg = cfg.WithMemoryLimitPages(4096) // 256MB
+		}
+		cfg = cfg.WithCoreFeatures(api.CoreFeaturesV2)
 	}
-	cfg = cfg.WithCoreFeatures(api.CoreFeaturesV2 | experimental.CoreFeaturesThreads)
 
 	instance.runtime = wazero.NewRuntimeWithConfig(ctx, cfg)
 
@@ -91,7 +93,7 @@ type sqlite struct {
 		id   [32]*byte
 		mask uint32
 	}
-	stack [9]uint64
+	stack [9]stk_t
 }
 
 func instantiateSQLite() (sqlt *sqlite, err error) {
@@ -117,7 +119,7 @@ func (sqlt *sqlite) close() error {
 	return sqlt.mod.Close(sqlt.ctx)
 }
 
-func (sqlt *sqlite) error(rc uint64, handle uint32, sql ...string) error {
+func (sqlt *sqlite) error(rc res_t, handle ptr_t, sql ...string) error {
 	if rc == _OK {
 		return nil
 	}
@@ -128,18 +130,18 @@ func (sqlt *sqlite) error(rc uint64, handle uint32, sql ...string) error {
 		panic(util.OOMErr)
 	}
 
-	if r := sqlt.call("sqlite3_errstr", rc); r != 0 {
-		err.str = util.ReadString(sqlt.mod, uint32(r), _MAX_NAME)
+	if ptr := ptr_t(sqlt.call("sqlite3_errstr", stk_t(rc))); ptr != 0 {
+		err.str = util.ReadString(sqlt.mod, ptr, _MAX_NAME)
 	}
 
 	if handle != 0 {
-		if r := sqlt.call("sqlite3_errmsg", uint64(handle)); r != 0 {
-			err.msg = util.ReadString(sqlt.mod, uint32(r), _MAX_LENGTH)
+		if ptr := ptr_t(sqlt.call("sqlite3_errmsg", stk_t(handle))); ptr != 0 {
+			err.msg = util.ReadString(sqlt.mod, ptr, _MAX_LENGTH)
 		}
 
 		if len(sql) != 0 {
-			if r := sqlt.call("sqlite3_error_offset", uint64(handle)); r != math.MaxUint32 {
-				err.sql = sql[0][r:]
+			if i := int32(sqlt.call("sqlite3_error_offset", stk_t(handle))); i != -1 {
+				err.sql = sql[0][i:]
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -179,7 +181,7 @@ func (sqlt *sqlite) putfn(name string, fn api.Function) {
 	}
 }
 
-func (sqlt *sqlite) call(name string, params ...uint64) uint64 {
+func (sqlt *sqlite) call(name string, params ...stk_t) stk_t {
 	copy(sqlt.stack[:], params)
 	fn := sqlt.getfn(name)
 	err := fn.CallWithStack(sqlt.ctx, sqlt.stack[:])
@@ -187,33 +189,33 @@ func (sqlt *sqlite) call(name string, params ...uint64) uint64 {
 		panic(err)
 	}
 	sqlt.putfn(name, fn)
-	return sqlt.stack[0]
+	return stk_t(sqlt.stack[0])
 }
 
-func (sqlt *sqlite) free(ptr uint32) {
+func (sqlt *sqlite) free(ptr ptr_t) {
 	if ptr == 0 {
 		return
 	}
-	sqlt.call("sqlite3_free", uint64(ptr))
+	sqlt.call("sqlite3_free", stk_t(ptr))
 }
 
-func (sqlt *sqlite) new(size uint64) uint32 {
-	ptr := uint32(sqlt.call("sqlite3_malloc64", size))
+func (sqlt *sqlite) new(size int64) ptr_t {
+	ptr := ptr_t(sqlt.call("sqlite3_malloc64", stk_t(size)))
 	if ptr == 0 && size != 0 {
 		panic(util.OOMErr)
 	}
 	return ptr
 }
 
-func (sqlt *sqlite) realloc(ptr uint32, size uint64) uint32 {
-	ptr = uint32(sqlt.call("sqlite3_realloc64", uint64(ptr), size))
+func (sqlt *sqlite) realloc(ptr ptr_t, size int64) ptr_t {
+	ptr = ptr_t(sqlt.call("sqlite3_realloc64", stk_t(ptr), stk_t(size)))
 	if ptr == 0 && size != 0 {
 		panic(util.OOMErr)
 	}
 	return ptr
 }
 
-func (sqlt *sqlite) newBytes(b []byte) uint32 {
+func (sqlt *sqlite) newBytes(b []byte) ptr_t {
 	if (*[0]byte)(b) == nil {
 		return 0
 	}
@@ -221,33 +223,31 @@ func (sqlt *sqlite) newBytes(b []byte) uint32 {
 	if size == 0 {
 		size = 1
 	}
-	ptr := sqlt.new(uint64(size))
+	ptr := sqlt.new(int64(size))
 	util.WriteBytes(sqlt.mod, ptr, b)
 	return ptr
 }
 
-func (sqlt *sqlite) newString(s string) uint32 {
-	ptr := sqlt.new(uint64(len(s) + 1))
+func (sqlt *sqlite) newString(s string) ptr_t {
+	ptr := sqlt.new(int64(len(s)) + 1)
 	util.WriteString(sqlt.mod, ptr, s)
 	return ptr
 }
 
-func (sqlt *sqlite) newArena(size uint64) arena {
-	// Ensure the arena's size is a multiple of 8.
-	size = (size + 7) &^ 7
+const arenaSize = 4096
+
+func (sqlt *sqlite) newArena() arena {
 	return arena{
 		sqlt: sqlt,
-		size: uint32(size),
-		base: sqlt.new(size),
+		base: sqlt.new(arenaSize),
 	}
 }
 
 type arena struct {
 	sqlt *sqlite
-	ptrs []uint32
-	base uint32
-	next uint32
-	size uint32
+	ptrs []ptr_t
+	base ptr_t
+	next int32
 }
 
 func (a *arena) free() {
@@ -265,42 +265,43 @@ func (a *arena) mark() (reset func()) {
 	ptrs := len(a.ptrs)
 	next := a.next
 	return func() {
-		for _, ptr := range a.ptrs[ptrs:] {
+		rest := a.ptrs[ptrs:]
+		for _, ptr := range a.ptrs[:ptrs] {
 			a.sqlt.free(ptr)
 		}
-		a.ptrs = a.ptrs[:ptrs]
+		a.ptrs = rest
 		a.next = next
 	}
 }
 
-func (a *arena) new(size uint64) uint32 {
+func (a *arena) new(size int64) ptr_t {
 	// Align the next address, to 4 or 8 bytes.
 	if size&7 != 0 {
 		a.next = (a.next + 3) &^ 3
 	} else {
 		a.next = (a.next + 7) &^ 7
 	}
-	if size <= uint64(a.size-a.next) {
-		ptr := a.base + a.next
-		a.next += uint32(size)
-		return ptr
+	if size <= arenaSize-int64(a.next) {
+		ptr := a.base + ptr_t(a.next)
+		a.next += int32(size)
+		return ptr_t(ptr)
 	}
 	ptr := a.sqlt.new(size)
 	a.ptrs = append(a.ptrs, ptr)
-	return ptr
+	return ptr_t(ptr)
 }
 
-func (a *arena) bytes(b []byte) uint32 {
+func (a *arena) bytes(b []byte) ptr_t {
 	if (*[0]byte)(b) == nil {
 		return 0
 	}
-	ptr := a.new(uint64(len(b)))
+	ptr := a.new(int64(len(b)))
 	util.WriteBytes(a.sqlt.mod, ptr, b)
 	return ptr
 }
 
-func (a *arena) string(s string) uint32 {
-	ptr := a.new(uint64(len(s) + 1))
+func (a *arena) string(s string) ptr_t {
+	ptr := a.new(int64(len(s)) + 1)
 	util.WriteString(a.sqlt.mod, ptr, s)
 	return ptr
 }