Bump golang.org/x/sys from 0.39.0 to 0.40.0 (#346)

Bumps [golang.org/x/sys](https://github.com/golang/sys) from 0.39.0 to 0.40.0.
- [Commits](https://github.com/golang/sys/compare/v0.39.0...v0.40.0)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: golang.org/x/sys
  dependency-version: 0.40.0
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-minor
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

.github/workflows/build-test.sh

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env bash
 set -euo pipefail
 
-echo 'set -eu' > test.sh
+echo 'set -eux' > test.sh
 
 for p in $(go list ./...); do
   dir=".${p#github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3}"

.github/workflows/libc.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+name: Benchmark libc
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  test:
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        os: [ubuntu-24.04, ubuntu-24.04-arm, macos-15, macos-15-intel]
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+    - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
+      with: { go-version: stable }
+
+    - name: Benchmark
+      shell: bash
+      run: sqlite3/libc/benchmark.sh

.github/workflows/repro.sh

@@ -1,28 +1,9 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env bash
 set -euo pipefail
 
-if [[ "$OSTYPE" == "linux"* ]]; then
-  WASI_SDK="https://github.com/WebAssembly/wasi-sdk/releases/download/wasi-sdk-25/wasi-sdk-25.0-x86_64-linux.tar.gz"
-  BINARYEN="https://github.com/WebAssembly/binaryen/releases/download/version_123/binaryen-version_123-x86_64-linux.tar.gz"
-elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == "darwin"* ]]; then
-  WASI_SDK="https://github.com/WebAssembly/wasi-sdk/releases/download/wasi-sdk-25/wasi-sdk-25.0-arm64-macos.tar.gz"
-  BINARYEN="https://github.com/WebAssembly/binaryen/releases/download/version_123/binaryen-version_123-arm64-macos.tar.gz"
-elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == "msys" || "$OSTYPE" == "cygwin" ]]; then
-  WASI_SDK="https://github.com/WebAssembly/wasi-sdk/releases/download/wasi-sdk-25/wasi-sdk-25.0-x86_64-windows.tar.gz"
-  BINARYEN="https://github.com/WebAssembly/binaryen/releases/download/version_123/binaryen-version_123-x86_64-windows.tar.gz"
-fi
-
-# Download tools
-mkdir -p tools/
-[ -d "tools/wasi-sdk" ] || curl -#L "$WASI_SDK" | tar xzC tools &
-[ -d "tools/binaryen" ] || curl -#L "$BINARYEN" | tar xzC tools &
-wait
-
-[ -d "tools/wasi-sdk" ] || mv "tools/wasi-sdk"* "tools/wasi-sdk"
-[ -d "tools/binaryen" ] || mv "tools/binaryen"* "tools/binaryen"
-
 # Download and build SQLite
 sqlite3/download.sh
+sqlite3/tools.sh
 embed/build.sh
 embed/bcw2/build.sh
 

.github/workflows/repro.yml

@@ -17,13 +17,13 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
     - uses: ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd@v1
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v6
 
     - name: Build
       shell: bash
       run: .github/workflows/repro.sh
 
-    - uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@v2
+    - uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@v3
       if: matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest'
       with:
         subject-path: |

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -17,16 +17,21 @@ on:
       - '**.yml'
   workflow_dispatch:
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   test:
     strategy:
       matrix:
         os: [macos-latest, ubuntu-latest, windows-latest]
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
 
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-    - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+    - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
       with: { go-version: stable }
 
     - name: Format
@@ -46,30 +51,30 @@ jobs:
       run: go vet ./...
 
     - name: Build
-      run: go build -v ./...
+      run: go build ./...
 
     - name: Test
-      run: go test -v ./... -bench . -benchtime=1x
+      run: go test ./... -bench . -benchtime=1x
 
     - name: Test BSD locks
-      run: go test -v -tags sqlite3_flock ./...
+      run: go test -tags sqlite3_flock ./...
       if: matrix.os != 'windows-latest'
 
     - name: Test dot locks
-      run: go test -v -tags sqlite3_dotlk ./...
+      run: go test -tags sqlite3_dotlk ./...
       if: matrix.os != 'windows-latest'
 
     - name: Test modules
       shell: bash
       run: |
         go work init .
-        go work use -r embed gormlite
-        go test -v ./embed/bcw2/...
+        go work use -r embed/bcw2 gormlite
+        go test ./embed/bcw2 ./gormlite
 
     - name: Test GORM
       shell: bash
       run: gormlite/test.sh
-      if: matrix.os != 'windows-latest'
+      if: matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest'
 
     - name: Collect coverage
       run: |
@@ -88,44 +93,45 @@ jobs:
         github.event_name == 'push' &&
         matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest'
 
-  test-bsd:
+  test-cross:
     strategy:
       matrix:
         os:
           - name: freebsd
-            version: '14.2'
-            flags: '-test.v'
+            version: '15.0'
           - name: netbsd
             version: '10.1'
-            flags: '-test.v'
+          - name: illumos
+            action: omnios
+            version: 'r151056'
+          - name: openbsd
+            version: '7.8'
+            tflags: '-test.short'
           - name: freebsd
             arch: arm64
-            version: '14.2'
-            flags: '-test.v -test.short'
+            version: '15.0'
+            tflags: '-test.short'
           - name: netbsd
             arch: arm64
             version: '10.1'
-            flags: '-test.v -test.short'
-          - name: openbsd
-            version: '7.6'
-            flags: '-test.v -test.short'
+            tflags: '-test.short'
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     needs: test
 
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v6
 
     - name: Build
       env:
         GOOS: ${{ matrix.os.name }}
         GOARCH: ${{ matrix.os.arch }}
-        TESTFLAGS: ${{ matrix.os.flags }}
+        TESTFLAGS: ${{ matrix.os.tflags }}
       run: .github/workflows/build-test.sh
 
     - name: Test
-      uses: cross-platform-actions/action@v0.27.0
+      uses: cross-platform-actions/action@v0.32.0
       with:
-        operating_system: ${{ matrix.os.name }}
+        operating_system: ${{ matrix.os.action || matrix.os.name }}
         architecture: ${{ matrix.os.arch }}
         version: ${{ matrix.os.version }}
         shell: bash
@@ -138,19 +144,16 @@ jobs:
         os:
           - name: dragonfly
             action: 'vmactions/dragonflybsd-vm@v1'
-            tflags: '-test.v'
           - name: illumos
-            action: 'vmactions/omnios-vm@v1'
-            tflags: '-test.v'
+            action: 'vmactions/openindiana-vm@v0'
           - name: solaris
             action: 'vmactions/solaris-vm@v1'
             bflags: '-tags sqlite3_dotlk'
-            tflags: '-test.v'
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     needs: test
 
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v6
 
     - name: Build
       env:
@@ -169,8 +172,8 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
     - uses: bytecodealliance/actions/wasmtime/setup@v1
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-    - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+    - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
       with: { go-version: stable }
 
     - name: Set path
@@ -182,7 +185,7 @@ jobs:
         GOARCH: wasm
         GOWASIRUNTIME: wasmtime
         GOWASIRUNTIMEARGS: '--env CI=true'
-      run: go test -v -short -tags sqlite3_dotlk -skip Example ./...
+      run: go test -short -tags sqlite3_dotlk -skip Example ./...
 
   test-qemu:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
@@ -190,42 +193,60 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
     - uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-    - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+    - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
       with: { go-version: stable }
 
     - name: Test 386 (32-bit)
-      run: GOARCH=386 go test -v -short ./...
+      run: GOARCH=386 go test -short ./...
 
     - name: Test riscv64 (interpreter)
-      run: GOARCH=riscv64 go test -v -short ./...
+      run: GOARCH=riscv64 go test -short ./...
 
     - name: Test ppc64le (interpreter)
-      run: GOARCH=ppc64le go test -v -short ./...
+      run: GOARCH=ppc64le go test -short ./...
+
+    - name: Test loong64 (interpreter)
+      run: GOARCH=loong64 go test -short ./...
 
     - name: Test s390x (big-endian)
-      run: GOARCH=s390x go test -v -short -tags sqlite3_dotlk ./...
+      run: GOARCH=s390x go test -short -tags sqlite3_dotlk ./...
 
   test-linuxarm:
     runs-on: ubuntu-24.04-arm
     needs: test
 
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-    - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+    - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
       with: { go-version: stable }
 
     - name: Test
-      run: go test -v ./...
+      run: go test ./...
+
+    - name: Test arm (32-bit)
+      run: GOARCH=arm GOARM=7 go test -short ./...
 
   test-macintel:
-    runs-on: macos-13
+    runs-on: macos-15-intel
     needs: test
 
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-    - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+    - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
       with: { go-version: stable }
 
     - name: Test
-      run: go test -v ./...
+      run: go test ./...
+
+  test-winarm:
+    runs-on: windows-11-arm
+    needs: test
+
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+    - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
+      with: { go-version: stable }
+
+    - name: Test
+      run: go test ./...

README.md

@@ -30,10 +30,10 @@ db.QueryRow(`SELECT sqlite_version()`).Scan(&version)
 
 - [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3)
   wraps the [C SQLite API](https://sqlite.org/cintro.html)
-  ([example usage](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3#example-package)).
+  ([example](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3#example-package)).
 - [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver)
   provides a [`database/sql`](https://pkg.go.dev/database/sql) driver
-  ([example usage](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver#example-package)).
+  ([example](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver#example-package)).
 - [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed)
   embeds a build of SQLite into your application.
 - [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs)
@@ -44,12 +44,19 @@ db.QueryRow(`SELECT sqlite_version()`).Scan(&version)
 ### Advanced features
 
 - [incremental BLOB I/O](https://sqlite.org/c3ref/blob_open.html)
+  ([example](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/blobio#example-package))
 - [nested transactions](https://sqlite.org/lang_savepoint.html)
+  ([example](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver#example-Savepoint))
 - [custom functions](https://sqlite.org/c3ref/create_function.html)
+  ([example](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3#example-Conn.CreateFunction))
 - [virtual tables](https://sqlite.org/vtab.html)
+  ([example](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3#example-CreateModule))
 - [custom VFSes](https://sqlite.org/vfs.html)
+  ([examples](vfs/README.md#custom-vfses))
 - [online backup](https://sqlite.org/backup.html)
+  ([example](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver#Conn))
 - [JSON support](https://sqlite.org/json1.html)
+  ([example](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver#example-package-Json))
 - [math functions](https://sqlite.org/lang_mathfunc.html)
 - [full-text search](https://sqlite.org/fts5.html)
 - [geospatial search](https://sqlite.org/geopoly.html)
@@ -57,7 +64,6 @@ db.QueryRow(`SELECT sqlite_version()`).Scan(&version)
 - [statistics functions](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/stats)
 - [encryption at rest](vfs/adiantum/README.md)
 - [many extensions](ext/README.md)
-- [custom VFSes](vfs/README.md#custom-vfses)
 - [and more…](embed/README.md)
 
 ### Caveats
@@ -77,10 +83,19 @@ It also benefits greatly from [SQLite's](https://sqlite.org/testing.html) and
 [wazero's](https://tetrate.io/blog/introducing-wazero-from-tetrate/#:~:text=Rock%2Dsolid%20test%20approach)
 thorough testing.
 
-Every commit is [tested](https://github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/wiki/Support-matrix) on
-Linux (amd64/arm64/386/riscv64/ppc64le/s390x), macOS (arm64/amd64),
-Windows (amd64), FreeBSD (amd64/arm64), OpenBSD (amd64), NetBSD (amd64/arm64),
-DragonFly BSD (amd64), illumos (amd64), and Solaris (amd64).
+Every commit is tested on:
+* Linux: amd64, arm64, 386, arm, riscv64, ppc64le, loong64, s390x
+* macOS: amd64, arm64
+* Windows: amd64, arm64
+* BSD:
+  * FreeBSD: amd64, arm64
+  * NetBSD: amd64, arm64
+  * DragonFly BSD: amd64
+  * OpenBSD: amd64
+* illumos: amd64
+* Solaris: amd64
+
+Certain operating system and CPU combinations have some limitations. See the [support matrix](https://github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/wiki/Support-matrix) for a complete overview.
 
 The Go VFS is tested by running SQLite's
 [mptest](https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/blob/master/mptest/mptest.c).
@@ -118,4 +133,4 @@ and features we're working on, planning to work on, or asking for help with.
 - [`modernc.org/sqlite`](https://pkg.go.dev/modernc.org/sqlite)
 - [`crawshaw.io/sqlite`](https://pkg.go.dev/crawshaw.io/sqlite)
 - [`github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3)
-- [`github.com/zombiezen/go-sqlite`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/zombiezen/go-sqlite)
+- [`github.com/zombiezen/go-sqlite`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/zombiezen/go-sqlite)

config.go

@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ func (c *Conn) FileControl(schema string, op FcntlOpcode, arg ...any) (any, erro
 	default:
 		return nil, MISUSE
 
-	case FCNTL_RESET_CACHE:
+	case FCNTL_RESET_CACHE, FCNTL_NULL_IO:
 		rc = res_t(c.call("sqlite3_file_control",
 			stk_t(c.handle), stk_t(schemaPtr),
 			stk_t(op), 0))
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ func traceCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, evt TraceEvent, pDB, pAr
 			}
 		}
 		if arg1 != nil {
-			_, rc = errorCode(c.trace(evt, arg1, arg2), ERROR)
+			_ = c.trace(evt, arg1, arg2)
 		}
 	}
 	return rc

conn.go

@@ -420,21 +420,21 @@ func busyCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pDB ptr_t, count int32) (
 // Status retrieves runtime status information about a database connection.
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/db_status.html
-func (c *Conn) Status(op DBStatus, reset bool) (current, highwater int, err error) {
+func (c *Conn) Status(op DBStatus, reset bool) (current, highwater int64, err error) {
 	defer c.arena.mark()()
-	hiPtr := c.arena.new(intlen)
-	curPtr := c.arena.new(intlen)
+	hiPtr := c.arena.new(8)
+	curPtr := c.arena.new(8)
 
 	var i int32
 	if reset {
 		i = 1
 	}
 
-	rc := res_t(c.call("sqlite3_db_status", stk_t(c.handle),
+	rc := res_t(c.call("sqlite3_db_status64", stk_t(c.handle),
 		stk_t(op), stk_t(curPtr), stk_t(hiPtr), stk_t(i)))
 	if err = c.error(rc); err == nil {
-		current = int(util.Read32[int32](c.mod, curPtr))
-		highwater = int(util.Read32[int32](c.mod, hiPtr))
+		current = util.Read64[int64](c.mod, curPtr)
+		highwater = util.Read64[int64](c.mod, hiPtr)
 	}
 	return
 }
@@ -444,20 +444,27 @@ func (c *Conn) Status(op DBStatus, reset bool) (current, highwater int, err erro
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/table_column_metadata.html
 func (c *Conn) TableColumnMetadata(schema, table, column string) (declType, collSeq string, notNull, primaryKey, autoInc bool, err error) {
 	defer c.arena.mark()()
-
-	var schemaPtr, columnPtr ptr_t
-	declTypePtr := c.arena.new(ptrlen)
-	collSeqPtr := c.arena.new(ptrlen)
-	notNullPtr := c.arena.new(ptrlen)
-	autoIncPtr := c.arena.new(ptrlen)
-	primaryKeyPtr := c.arena.new(ptrlen)
+	var (
+		declTypePtr   ptr_t
+		collSeqPtr    ptr_t
+		notNullPtr    ptr_t
+		primaryKeyPtr ptr_t
+		autoIncPtr    ptr_t
+		columnPtr     ptr_t
+		schemaPtr     ptr_t
+	)
+	if column != "" {
+		declTypePtr = c.arena.new(ptrlen)
+		collSeqPtr = c.arena.new(ptrlen)
+		notNullPtr = c.arena.new(ptrlen)
+		primaryKeyPtr = c.arena.new(ptrlen)
+		autoIncPtr = c.arena.new(ptrlen)
+		columnPtr = c.arena.string(column)
+	}
 	if schema != "" {
 		schemaPtr = c.arena.string(schema)
 	}
 	tablePtr := c.arena.string(table)
-	if column != "" {
-		columnPtr = c.arena.string(column)
-	}
 
 	rc := res_t(c.call("sqlite3_table_column_metadata", stk_t(c.handle),
 		stk_t(schemaPtr), stk_t(tablePtr), stk_t(columnPtr),

const.go

@@ -73,6 +73,9 @@ const (
 	ERROR_MISSING_COLLSEQ   ExtendedErrorCode = xErrorCode(ERROR) | (1 << 8)
 	ERROR_RETRY             ExtendedErrorCode = xErrorCode(ERROR) | (2 << 8)
 	ERROR_SNAPSHOT          ExtendedErrorCode = xErrorCode(ERROR) | (3 << 8)
+	ERROR_RESERVESIZE       ExtendedErrorCode = xErrorCode(ERROR) | (4 << 8)
+	ERROR_KEY               ExtendedErrorCode = xErrorCode(ERROR) | (5 << 8)
+	ERROR_UNABLE            ExtendedErrorCode = xErrorCode(ERROR) | (6 << 8)
 	IOERR_READ              ExtendedErrorCode = xErrorCode(IOERR) | (1 << 8)
 	IOERR_SHORT_READ        ExtendedErrorCode = xErrorCode(IOERR) | (2 << 8)
 	IOERR_WRITE             ExtendedErrorCode = xErrorCode(IOERR) | (3 << 8)
@@ -107,6 +110,8 @@ const (
 	IOERR_DATA              ExtendedErrorCode = xErrorCode(IOERR) | (32 << 8)
 	IOERR_CORRUPTFS         ExtendedErrorCode = xErrorCode(IOERR) | (33 << 8)
 	IOERR_IN_PAGE           ExtendedErrorCode = xErrorCode(IOERR) | (34 << 8)
+	IOERR_BADKEY            ExtendedErrorCode = xErrorCode(IOERR) | (35 << 8)
+	IOERR_CODEC             ExtendedErrorCode = xErrorCode(IOERR) | (36 << 8)
 	LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE      ExtendedErrorCode = xErrorCode(LOCKED) | (1 << 8)
 	LOCKED_VTAB             ExtendedErrorCode = xErrorCode(LOCKED) | (2 << 8)
 	BUSY_RECOVERY           ExtendedErrorCode = xErrorCode(BUSY) | (1 << 8)
@@ -185,12 +190,12 @@ const (
 type FunctionFlag uint32
 
 const (
-	DETERMINISTIC FunctionFlag = 0x000000800
-	DIRECTONLY    FunctionFlag = 0x000080000
-	INNOCUOUS     FunctionFlag = 0x000200000
-	SELFORDER1    FunctionFlag = 0x002000000
-	// SUBTYPE        FunctionFlag = 0x000100000
-	// RESULT_SUBTYPE FunctionFlag = 0x001000000
+	DETERMINISTIC  FunctionFlag = 0x000000800
+	DIRECTONLY     FunctionFlag = 0x000080000
+	SUBTYPE        FunctionFlag = 0x000100000
+	INNOCUOUS      FunctionFlag = 0x000200000
+	RESULT_SUBTYPE FunctionFlag = 0x001000000
+	SELFORDER1     FunctionFlag = 0x002000000
 )
 
 // StmtStatus name counter values associated with the [Stmt.Status] method.
@@ -229,7 +234,8 @@ const (
 	DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS        DBStatus = 10
 	DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED   DBStatus = 11
 	DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL         DBStatus = 12
-	// DBSTATUS_MAX              DBStatus = 12
+	DBSTATUS_TEMPBUF_SPILL       DBStatus = 13
+	// DBSTATUS_MAX              DBStatus = 13
 )
 
 // DBConfig are the available database connection configuration options.
@@ -280,6 +286,7 @@ const (
 	FCNTL_DATA_VERSION        FcntlOpcode = 35
 	FCNTL_RESERVE_BYTES       FcntlOpcode = 38
 	FCNTL_RESET_CACHE         FcntlOpcode = 42
+	FCNTL_NULL_IO             FcntlOpcode = 43
 )
 
 // LimitCategory are the available run-time limit categories.
@@ -361,13 +368,14 @@ const (
 // CheckpointMode are all the checkpoint mode values.
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/c_checkpoint_full.html
-type CheckpointMode uint32
+type CheckpointMode int32
 
 const (
-	CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE  CheckpointMode = 0 /* Do as much as possible w/o blocking */
-	CHECKPOINT_FULL     CheckpointMode = 1 /* Wait for writers, then checkpoint */
-	CHECKPOINT_RESTART  CheckpointMode = 2 /* Like FULL but wait for readers */
-	CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE CheckpointMode = 3 /* Like RESTART but also truncate WAL */
+	CHECKPOINT_NOOP     CheckpointMode = -1 /* Do no work at all */
+	CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE  CheckpointMode = 0  /* Do as much as possible w/o blocking */
+	CHECKPOINT_FULL     CheckpointMode = 1  /* Wait for writers, then checkpoint */
+	CHECKPOINT_RESTART  CheckpointMode = 2  /* Like FULL but wait for readers */
+	CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE CheckpointMode = 3  /* Like RESTART but also truncate WAL */
 )
 
 // TxnState are the allowed return values from [Conn.TxnState].

context.go

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package sqlite3
 
 import (
-	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"math"
 	"time"
@@ -173,18 +172,6 @@ func (ctx Context) ResultPointer(ptr any) {
 		stk_t(ctx.handle), stk_t(valPtr))
 }
 
-// ResultJSON sets the result of the function to the JSON encoding of value.
-//
-// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/result_blob.html
-func (ctx Context) ResultJSON(value any) {
-	data, err := json.Marshal(value)
-	if err != nil {
-		ctx.ResultError(err)
-		return // notest
-	}
-	ctx.ResultRawText(data)
-}
-
 // ResultValue sets the result of the function to a copy of [Value].
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/result_blob.html
@@ -211,19 +198,27 @@ func (ctx Context) ResultError(err error) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	msg, code := errorCode(err, _OK)
+	msg, code := errorCode(err, ERROR)
 	if msg != "" {
 		defer ctx.c.arena.mark()()
 		ptr := ctx.c.arena.string(msg)
 		ctx.c.call("sqlite3_result_error",
 			stk_t(ctx.handle), stk_t(ptr), stk_t(len(msg)))
 	}
-	if code != _OK {
+	if code != res_t(ERROR) {
 		ctx.c.call("sqlite3_result_error_code",
 			stk_t(ctx.handle), stk_t(code))
 	}
 }
 
+// ResultSubtype sets the subtype of the result of the function.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/result_subtype.html
+func (ctx Context) ResultSubtype(t uint) {
+	ctx.c.call("sqlite3_result_subtype",
+		stk_t(ctx.handle), stk_t(uint32(t)))
+}
+
 // VTabNoChange may return true if a column is being fetched as part
 // of an update during which the column value will not change.
 //

driver/driver.go

@@ -241,8 +241,9 @@ func (n *connector) Connect(ctx context.Context) (ret driver.Conn, err error) {
 		}
 	}()
 
-	old := c.Conn.SetInterrupt(ctx)
-	defer c.Conn.SetInterrupt(old)
+	if old := c.Conn.SetInterrupt(ctx); old != ctx {
+		defer c.Conn.SetInterrupt(old)
+	}
 
 	if !n.pragmas {
 		err = c.Conn.BusyTimeout(time.Minute)
@@ -262,10 +263,8 @@ func (n *connector) Connect(ctx context.Context) (ret driver.Conn, err error) {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 		defer s.Close()
-		if s.Step() && s.ColumnBool(0) {
-			c.readOnly = '1'
-		} else {
-			c.readOnly = '0'
+		if s.Step() {
+			c.readOnly = s.ColumnBool(0)
 		}
 		err = s.Close()
 		if err != nil {
@@ -321,7 +320,7 @@ type conn struct {
 	txReset  string
 	tmRead   sqlite3.TimeFormat
 	tmWrite  sqlite3.TimeFormat
-	readOnly byte
+	readOnly bool
 }
 
 var (
@@ -357,13 +356,14 @@ func (c *conn) BeginTx(ctx context.Context, opts driver.TxOptions) (driver.Tx, e
 
 	c.txReset = ``
 	txBegin := `BEGIN ` + txLock
-	if opts.ReadOnly {
+	if opts.ReadOnly && !c.readOnly {
 		txBegin += ` ; PRAGMA query_only=on`
-		c.txReset = `; PRAGMA query_only=` + string(c.readOnly)
+		c.txReset = `; PRAGMA query_only=off`
 	}
 
-	old := c.Conn.SetInterrupt(ctx)
-	defer c.Conn.SetInterrupt(old)
+	if old := c.Conn.SetInterrupt(ctx); old != ctx {
+		defer c.Conn.SetInterrupt(old)
+	}
 
 	err := c.Conn.Exec(txBegin)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -382,8 +382,10 @@ func (c *conn) Commit() error {
 
 func (c *conn) Rollback() error {
 	// ROLLBACK even if interrupted.
-	old := c.Conn.SetInterrupt(context.Background())
-	defer c.Conn.SetInterrupt(old)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	if old := c.Conn.SetInterrupt(ctx); old != ctx {
+		defer c.Conn.SetInterrupt(old)
+	}
 	return c.Conn.Exec(`ROLLBACK` + c.txReset)
 }
 
@@ -393,8 +395,9 @@ func (c *conn) Prepare(query string) (driver.Stmt, error) {
 }
 
 func (c *conn) PrepareContext(ctx context.Context, query string) (driver.Stmt, error) {
-	old := c.Conn.SetInterrupt(ctx)
-	defer c.Conn.SetInterrupt(old)
+	if old := c.Conn.SetInterrupt(ctx); old != ctx {
+		defer c.Conn.SetInterrupt(old)
+	}
 
 	s, tail, err := c.Conn.Prepare(query)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -419,8 +422,9 @@ func (c *conn) ExecContext(ctx context.Context, query string, args []driver.Name
 		return resultRowsAffected(0), nil
 	}
 
-	old := c.Conn.SetInterrupt(ctx)
-	defer c.Conn.SetInterrupt(old)
+	if old := c.Conn.SetInterrupt(ctx); old != ctx {
+		defer c.Conn.SetInterrupt(old)
+	}
 
 	err := c.Conn.Exec(query)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -483,8 +487,10 @@ func (s *stmt) ExecContext(ctx context.Context, args []driver.NamedValue) (drive
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	old := s.Stmt.Conn().SetInterrupt(ctx)
-	defer s.Stmt.Conn().SetInterrupt(old)
+	c := s.Stmt.Conn()
+	if old := c.SetInterrupt(ctx); old != ctx {
+		defer c.SetInterrupt(old)
+	}
 
 	err = errors.Join(
 		s.Stmt.Exec(),
@@ -493,7 +499,7 @@ func (s *stmt) ExecContext(ctx context.Context, args []driver.NamedValue) (drive
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	return newResult(s.Stmt.Conn()), nil
+	return newResult(c), nil
 }
 
 func (s *stmt) QueryContext(ctx context.Context, args []driver.NamedValue) (driver.Rows, error) {
@@ -538,8 +544,8 @@ func (s *stmt) setupBindings(args []driver.NamedValue) (err error) {
 				err = s.Stmt.BindTime(id, a, s.tmWrite)
 			case util.JSON:
 				err = s.Stmt.BindJSON(id, a.Value)
-			case util.PointerUnwrap:
-				err = s.Stmt.BindPointer(id, util.UnwrapPointer(a))
+			case util.Pointer:
+				err = s.Stmt.BindPointer(id, a.Value)
 			case nil:
 				err = s.Stmt.BindNull(id)
 			default:
@@ -557,7 +563,7 @@ func (s *stmt) CheckNamedValue(arg *driver.NamedValue) error {
 	switch arg.Value.(type) {
 	case bool, int, int64, float64, string, []byte,
 		time.Time, sqlite3.ZeroBlob,
-		util.JSON, util.PointerUnwrap,
+		util.JSON, util.Pointer,
 		nil:
 		return nil
 	default:
@@ -596,26 +602,27 @@ func (r resultRowsAffected) RowsAffected() (int64, error) {
 	return int64(r), nil
 }
 
-type rows struct {
-	ctx context.Context
-	*stmt
-	names []string
-	types []string
-	nulls []bool
-	scans []scantype
-}
-
 type scantype byte
 
 const (
-	_ANY  scantype = iota
-	_INT  scantype = scantype(sqlite3.INTEGER)
-	_REAL scantype = scantype(sqlite3.FLOAT)
-	_TEXT scantype = scantype(sqlite3.TEXT)
-	_BLOB scantype = scantype(sqlite3.BLOB)
-	_NULL scantype = scantype(sqlite3.NULL)
-	_BOOL scantype = iota
+	_ANY scantype = iota
+	_INT
+	_REAL
+	_TEXT
+	_BLOB
+	_NULL
+	_BOOL
 	_TIME
+	_NOT_NULL
+)
+
+var (
+	_ [0]struct{} = [scantype(sqlite3.INTEGER) - _INT]struct{}{}
+	_ [0]struct{} = [scantype(sqlite3.FLOAT) - _REAL]struct{}{}
+	_ [0]struct{} = [scantype(sqlite3.TEXT) - _TEXT]struct{}{}
+	_ [0]struct{} = [scantype(sqlite3.BLOB) - _BLOB]struct{}{}
+	_ [0]struct{} = [scantype(sqlite3.NULL) - _NULL]struct{}{}
+	_ [0]struct{} = [_NOT_NULL & (_NOT_NULL - 1)]struct{}{}
 )
 
 func scanFromDecl(decl string) scantype {
@@ -640,6 +647,14 @@ func scanFromDecl(decl string) scantype {
 	return _ANY
 }
 
+type rows struct {
+	ctx context.Context
+	*stmt
+	names []string
+	types []string
+	scans []scantype
+}
+
 var (
 	// Ensure these interfaces are implemented:
 	_ driver.RowsColumnTypeDatabaseTypeName = &rows{}
@@ -666,33 +681,42 @@ func (r *rows) Columns() []string {
 
 func (r *rows) scanType(index int) scantype {
 	if r.scans == nil {
-		count := r.Stmt.ColumnCount()
+		count := len(r.names)
 		scans := make([]scantype, count)
 		for i := range scans {
 			scans[i] = scanFromDecl(strings.ToUpper(r.Stmt.ColumnDeclType(i)))
 		}
 		r.scans = scans
 	}
-	return r.scans[index]
+	return r.scans[index] &^ _NOT_NULL
 }
 
 func (r *rows) loadColumnMetadata() {
-	if r.nulls == nil {
-		count := r.Stmt.ColumnCount()
-		nulls := make([]bool, count)
+	if r.types == nil {
+		c := r.Stmt.Conn()
+		count := len(r.names)
 		types := make([]string, count)
 		scans := make([]scantype, count)
-		for i := range nulls {
-			if col := r.Stmt.ColumnOriginName(i); col != "" {
-				types[i], _, nulls[i], _, _, _ = r.Stmt.Conn().TableColumnMetadata(
+		for i := range types {
+			var declType string
+			var notNull, autoInc bool
+			if column := r.Stmt.ColumnOriginName(i); column != "" {
+				declType, _, notNull, _, autoInc, _ = c.TableColumnMetadata(
 					r.Stmt.ColumnDatabaseName(i),
 					r.Stmt.ColumnTableName(i),
-					col)
-				types[i] = strings.ToUpper(types[i])
-				scans[i] = scanFromDecl(types[i])
+					column)
+			} else {
+				declType = r.Stmt.ColumnDeclType(i)
+			}
+			if declType != "" {
+				declType = strings.ToUpper(declType)
+				scans[i] = scanFromDecl(declType)
+				types[i] = declType
+			}
+			if notNull || autoInc {
+				scans[i] |= _NOT_NULL
 			}
 		}
-		r.nulls = nulls
 		r.types = types
 		r.scans = scans
 	}
@@ -711,15 +735,13 @@ func (r *rows) ColumnTypeDatabaseTypeName(index int) string {
 
 func (r *rows) ColumnTypeNullable(index int) (nullable, ok bool) {
 	r.loadColumnMetadata()
-	if r.nulls[index] {
-		return false, true
-	}
-	return true, false
+	nullable = r.scans[index]&^_NOT_NULL == 0
+	return nullable, !nullable
 }
 
 func (r *rows) ColumnTypeScanType(index int) (typ reflect.Type) {
 	r.loadColumnMetadata()
-	scan := r.scans[index]
+	scan := r.scans[index] &^ _NOT_NULL
 
 	if r.Stmt.Busy() {
 		// SQLite is dynamically typed and we now have a row.
@@ -731,7 +753,7 @@ func (r *rows) ColumnTypeScanType(index int) (typ reflect.Type) {
 		switch {
 		case scan == _TIME && val != _BLOB && val != _NULL:
 			t := r.Stmt.ColumnTime(index, r.tmRead)
-			useValType = t == time.Time{}
+			useValType = t.IsZero()
 		case scan == _BOOL && val == _INT:
 			i := r.Stmt.ColumnInt64(index)
 			useValType = i != 0 && i != 1
@@ -762,8 +784,10 @@ func (r *rows) ColumnTypeScanType(index int) (typ reflect.Type) {
 }
 
 func (r *rows) Next(dest []driver.Value) error {
-	old := r.Stmt.Conn().SetInterrupt(r.ctx)
-	defer r.Stmt.Conn().SetInterrupt(old)
+	c := r.Stmt.Conn()
+	if old := c.SetInterrupt(r.ctx); old != r.ctx {
+		defer c.SetInterrupt(old)
+	}
 
 	if !r.Stmt.Step() {
 		if err := r.Stmt.Err(); err != nil {
@@ -778,18 +802,7 @@ func (r *rows) Next(dest []driver.Value) error {
 	}
 	for i := range dest {
 		scan := r.scanType(i)
-		switch v := dest[i].(type) {
-		case int64:
-			if scan == _BOOL {
-				switch v {
-				case 1:
-					dest[i] = true
-				case 0:
-					dest[i] = false
-				}
-				continue
-			}
-		case []byte:
+		if v, ok := dest[i].([]byte); ok {
 			if len(v) == cap(v) { // a BLOB
 				continue
 			}
@@ -804,16 +817,19 @@ func (r *rows) Next(dest []driver.Value) error {
 				}
 			}
 			dest[i] = string(v)
-		case float64:
-			break
-		default:
-			continue
 		}
-		if scan == _TIME {
+		switch scan {
+		case _TIME:
 			t, err := r.tmRead.Decode(dest[i])
 			if err == nil {
 				dest[i] = t
-				continue
+			}
+		case _BOOL:
+			switch dest[i] {
+			case int64(0):
+				dest[i] = false
+			case int64(1):
+				dest[i] = true
 			}
 		}
 	}

driver/driver_test.go

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ func Test_Open_error(t *testing.T) {
 func Test_Open_dir(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	db, err := sql.Open("sqlite3", ".")
+	db, err := Open(".")
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -43,18 +43,18 @@ func Test_Open_dir(t *testing.T) {
 	if err == nil {
 		t.Fatal("want error")
 	}
-	if !errors.Is(err, sqlite3.CANTOPEN) {
-		t.Errorf("got %v, want sqlite3.CANTOPEN", err)
+	if !errors.Is(err, sqlite3.CANTOPEN_ISDIR) {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want sqlite3.CANTOPEN_ISDIR", err)
 	}
 }
 
 func Test_Open_pragma(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	tmp := memdb.TestDB(t, url.Values{
+	dsn := memdb.TestDB(t, url.Values{
 		"_pragma": {"busy_timeout(1000)"},
 	})
 
-	db, err := sql.Open("sqlite3", tmp)
+	db, err := Open(dsn)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -72,11 +72,11 @@ func Test_Open_pragma(t *testing.T) {
 
 func Test_Open_pragma_invalid(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	tmp := memdb.TestDB(t, url.Values{
+	dsn := memdb.TestDB(t, url.Values{
 		"_pragma": {"busy_timeout 1000"},
 	})
 
-	db, err := sql.Open("sqlite3", tmp)
+	db, err := Open(dsn)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -100,12 +100,12 @@ func Test_Open_pragma_invalid(t *testing.T) {
 
 func Test_Open_txLock(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	tmp := memdb.TestDB(t, url.Values{
+	dsn := memdb.TestDB(t, url.Values{
 		"_txlock": {"exclusive"},
 		"_pragma": {"busy_timeout(1000)"},
 	})
 
-	db, err := sql.Open("sqlite3", tmp)
+	db, err := Open(dsn)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -136,11 +136,11 @@ func Test_Open_txLock(t *testing.T) {
 
 func Test_Open_txLock_invalid(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	tmp := memdb.TestDB(t, url.Values{
+	dsn := memdb.TestDB(t, url.Values{
 		"_txlock": {"xclusive"},
 	})
 
-	_, err := sql.Open("sqlite3", tmp+"_txlock=xclusive")
+	_, err := Open(dsn)
 	if err == nil {
 		t.Fatal("want error")
 	}
@@ -151,31 +151,28 @@ func Test_Open_txLock_invalid(t *testing.T) {
 
 func Test_BeginTx(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	tmp := memdb.TestDB(t, url.Values{
+	dsn := memdb.TestDB(t, url.Values{
 		"_txlock": {"exclusive"},
 		"_pragma": {"busy_timeout(0)"},
 	})
 
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
-	defer cancel()
-
-	db, err := sql.Open("sqlite3", tmp)
+	db, err := Open(dsn)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	defer db.Close()
 
-	_, err = db.BeginTx(ctx, &sql.TxOptions{Isolation: sql.LevelReadCommitted})
+	_, err = db.BeginTx(t.Context(), &sql.TxOptions{Isolation: sql.LevelReadCommitted})
 	if err.Error() != string(util.IsolationErr) {
 		t.Error("want isolationErr")
 	}
 
-	tx1, err := db.BeginTx(ctx, &sql.TxOptions{ReadOnly: true})
+	tx1, err := db.BeginTx(t.Context(), &sql.TxOptions{ReadOnly: true})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	tx2, err := db.BeginTx(ctx, &sql.TxOptions{ReadOnly: true})
+	tx2, err := db.BeginTx(t.Context(), &sql.TxOptions{ReadOnly: true})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -201,9 +198,9 @@ func Test_BeginTx(t *testing.T) {
 
 func Test_nested_context(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	tmp := memdb.TestDB(t)
+	dsn := memdb.TestDB(t)
 
-	db, err := sql.Open("sqlite3", tmp)
+	db, err := Open(dsn)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -236,7 +233,7 @@ func Test_nested_context(t *testing.T) {
 
 	want(outer, 0)
 
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(t.Context())
 	defer cancel()
 
 	inner, err := tx.QueryContext(ctx, `SELECT value FROM generate_series(0)`)
@@ -248,8 +245,10 @@ func Test_nested_context(t *testing.T) {
 	want(inner, 0)
 	cancel()
 
-	if inner.Next() || !errors.Is(inner.Err(), sqlite3.INTERRUPT) {
-		t.Fatal(inner.Err())
+	var terr interface{ Temporary() bool }
+	if inner.Next() || !errors.Is(inner.Err(), context.Canceled) &&
+		(!errors.As(inner.Err(), &terr) || !terr.Temporary()) {
+		t.Fatalf("got %v, want cancellation", inner.Err())
 	}
 
 	want(outer, 1)
@@ -257,9 +256,9 @@ func Test_nested_context(t *testing.T) {
 
 func Test_Prepare(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	tmp := memdb.TestDB(t)
+	dsn := memdb.TestDB(t)
 
-	db, err := sql.Open("sqlite3", tmp)
+	db, err := Open(dsn)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -298,24 +297,21 @@ func Test_Prepare(t *testing.T) {
 
 func Test_QueryRow_named(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	tmp := memdb.TestDB(t)
+	dsn := memdb.TestDB(t)
 
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
-	defer cancel()
-
-	db, err := sql.Open("sqlite3", tmp)
+	db, err := Open(dsn)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	defer db.Close()
 
-	conn, err := db.Conn(ctx)
+	conn, err := db.Conn(t.Context())
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	defer conn.Close()
 
-	stmt, err := conn.PrepareContext(ctx, `SELECT ?, ?5, :AAA, @AAA, $AAA`)
+	stmt, err := conn.PrepareContext(t.Context(), `SELECT ?, ?5, :AAA, @AAA, $AAA`)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -351,9 +347,9 @@ func Test_QueryRow_named(t *testing.T) {
 
 func Test_QueryRow_blob_null(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	tmp := memdb.TestDB(t)
+	dsn := memdb.TestDB(t)
 
-	db, err := sql.Open("sqlite3", tmp)
+	db, err := Open(dsn)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -388,11 +384,11 @@ func Test_time(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, fmt := range []string{"auto", "sqlite", "rfc3339", time.ANSIC} {
 		t.Run(fmt, func(t *testing.T) {
-			tmp := memdb.TestDB(t, url.Values{
+			dsn := memdb.TestDB(t, url.Values{
 				"_timefmt": {fmt},
 			})
 
-			db, err := sql.Open("sqlite3", tmp)
+			db, err := Open(dsn)
 			if err != nil {
 				t.Fatal(err)
 			}
@@ -435,9 +431,9 @@ func Test_ColumnType_ScanType(t *testing.T) {
 	)
 
 	t.Parallel()
-	tmp := memdb.TestDB(t)
+	dsn := memdb.TestDB(t)
 
-	db, err := sql.Open("sqlite3", tmp)
+	db, err := Open(dsn)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -537,12 +533,8 @@ func Benchmark_loop(b *testing.B) {
 		b.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
-	b.Cleanup(cancel)
-
-	b.ResetTimer()
-	for range b.N {
-		_, err := db.ExecContext(ctx,
+	for b.Loop() {
+		_, err := db.ExecContext(b.Context(),
 			`WITH RECURSIVE c(x) AS (VALUES(1) UNION ALL SELECT x+1 FROM c WHERE x < 1000000) SELECT x FROM c;`)
 		if err != nil {
 			b.Fatal(err)

driver/util_test.go

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package driver
 
 import (
-	"context"
 	"database/sql/driver"
 	"slices"
 	"testing"
@@ -56,7 +55,7 @@ func Fuzz_notWhitespace(f *testing.F) {
 			t.SkipNow()
 		}
 
-		c, err := db.Conn(context.Background())
+		c, err := db.Conn(t.Context())
 		if err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}

embed/README.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Embeddable Wasm build of SQLite
 
-This folder includes an embeddable Wasm build of SQLite 3.49.1 for use with
+This folder includes an embeddable Wasm build of SQLite 3.51.1 for use with
 [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3).
 
 The following optional features are compiled in:

embed/bcw2/bcw2_test.go

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ func Test_bcw2(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if version != "3.50.0" {
+	if version != "3.52.0" {
 		t.Error(version)
 	}
 }

embed/bcw2/build.sh

@@ -7,21 +7,23 @@ ROOT=../../
 BINARYEN="$ROOT/tools/binaryen/bin"
 WASI_SDK="$ROOT/tools/wasi-sdk/bin"
 
-trap 'rm -rf build/ sqlite/ bcw2.tmp' EXIT
+trap 'rm -rf sqlite/ build/ bcw2.tmp' EXIT
 
+mkdir -p sqlite/
 mkdir -p build/ext/
 cp "$ROOT"/sqlite3/*.[ch] build/
 cp "$ROOT"/sqlite3/*.patch build/
+cd sqlite/
 
-# https://sqlite.org/src/info/c09656c62155a6e8
-curl -# https://sqlite.org/src/tarball/sqlite.tar.gz?r=c09656c6 | tar xz
+# https://sqlite.org/src/info/f273f6b8245c5dca
+curl -#L https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/archive/7c126d7.tar.gz | tar xz --strip-components=1
+# curl -#L https://sqlite.org/src/tarball/sqlite.tar.gz?r=f273f6b824 | tar xz --strip-components=1
 
-cd sqlite
-cat ../repro.patch | patch -p0 --no-backup-if-mismatch
 if [[ "$OSTYPE" == "msys" || "$OSTYPE" == "cygwin" ]]; then
 	MSYS_NO_PATHCONV=1 nmake /f makefile.msc sqlite3.c "OPTS=-DSQLITE_ENABLE_UPDATE_DELETE_LIMIT -DSQLITE_ENABLE_ORDERED_SET_AGGREGATES"
 else
 	sh configure --enable-update-limit
+	make verify-source
 	OPTS=-DSQLITE_ENABLE_ORDERED_SET_AGGREGATES make sqlite3.c
 fi
 cd ~-
@@ -44,24 +46,28 @@ cd ~-
 
 "$WASI_SDK/clang" --target=wasm32-wasi -std=c23 -g0 -O2 \
 	-Wall -Wextra -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-unused-function \
-	-o bcw2.wasm "build/main.c" \
-	-I"build" \
+	-o bcw2.wasm build/main.c \
+	-I"$ROOT/sqlite3/libc" -I"build" \
 	-mexec-model=reactor \
-	-msimd128 -mmutable-globals -mmultivalue \
-	-mbulk-memory -mreference-types \
-	-mnontrapping-fptoint -msign-ext \
-	-fno-stack-protector -fno-stack-clash-protection \
+	-mmutable-globals -mnontrapping-fptoint \
+	-msimd128 -mbulk-memory -msign-ext \
+	-mreference-types -mmultivalue \
+	-mno-extended-const \
+	-fno-stack-protector \
 	-Wl,--stack-first \
 	-Wl,--import-undefined \
 	-Wl,--initial-memory=327680 \
 	-D_HAVE_SQLITE_CONFIG_H \
 	-DSQLITE_ENABLE_UPDATE_DELETE_LIMIT \
+	-DSQLITE_ENABLE_ORDERED_SET_AGGREGATES \
+	-DSQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL_PRAGMA_20251114 \
 	-DSQLITE_CUSTOM_INCLUDE=sqlite_opt.h \
 	$(awk '{print "-Wl,--export="$0}' ../exports.txt)
 
 "$BINARYEN/wasm-ctor-eval" -g -c _initialize bcw2.wasm -o bcw2.tmp
-"$BINARYEN/wasm-opt" -g --strip --strip-producers -c -O3 \
-	bcw2.tmp -o bcw2.wasm \
-	--enable-simd --enable-mutable-globals --enable-multivalue \
-	--enable-bulk-memory --enable-reference-types \
-	--enable-nontrapping-float-to-int --enable-sign-ext
+"$BINARYEN/wasm-opt" -g bcw2.tmp -o bcw2.wasm \
+	--low-memory-unused --gufa --generate-global-effects --converge -O3 \
+	--enable-mutable-globals --enable-nontrapping-float-to-int \
+	--enable-simd --enable-bulk-memory --enable-sign-ext \
+	--enable-reference-types --enable-multivalue \
+	--strip --strip-producers

embed/bcw2/go.mod

@@ -1,14 +1,12 @@
 module github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed/bcw2
 
-go 1.23.0
+go 1.24.0
 
-toolchain go1.24.0
-
-require github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3 v0.24.0
+require github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3 v0.30.3
 
 require (
 	github.com/ncruces/julianday v1.0.0 // indirect
-	github.com/ncruces/sort v0.1.5 // indirect
-	github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.9.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.30.0 // indirect
+	github.com/ncruces/sort v0.1.6 // indirect
+	github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.11.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.39.0 // indirect
 )

embed/bcw2/go.sum

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
-github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3 v0.24.0 h1:Z4jfmzu2NCd4SmyFwLT2OmF3EnTZbqwATvdiuNHNhLA=
-github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3 v0.24.0/go.mod h1:/Vs8ACZHjJ1SA6E9RZUn3EyB1OP3nDQ4z/ar+0fplTQ=
+github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3 v0.30.3 h1:X/CgWW9GzmIAkEPrifhKqf0cC15DuOVxAJaHFTTAURQ=
+github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3 v0.30.3/go.mod h1:AxKu9sRxkludimFocbktlY6LiYSkxiI5gTA8r+os/Nw=
 github.com/ncruces/julianday v1.0.0 h1:fH0OKwa7NWvniGQtxdJRxAgkBMolni2BjDHaWTxqt7M=
 github.com/ncruces/julianday v1.0.0/go.mod h1:Dusn2KvZrrovOMJuOt0TNXL6tB7U2E8kvza5fFc9G7g=
-github.com/ncruces/sort v0.1.5 h1:fiFWXXAqKI8QckPf/6hu/bGFwcEPrirIOFaJqWujs4k=
-github.com/ncruces/sort v0.1.5/go.mod h1:obJToO4rYr6VWP0Uw5FYymgYGt3Br4RXcs/JdKaXAPk=
-github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.9.0 h1:IcZ56OuxrtaEz8UYNRHBrUa9bYeX9oVY93KspZZBf/I=
-github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.9.0/go.mod h1:TSbcXCfFP0L2FGkRPxHphadXPjo1T6W+CseNNY7EkjM=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.30.0 h1:QjkSwP/36a20jFYWkSue1YwXzLmsV5Gfq7Eiy72C1uc=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.30.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
-golang.org/x/text v0.22.0 h1:bofq7m3/HAFvbF51jz3Q9wLg3jkvSPuiZu/pD1XwgtM=
-golang.org/x/text v0.22.0/go.mod h1:YRoo4H8PVmsu+E3Ou7cqLVH8oXWIHVoX0jqUWALQhfY=
+github.com/ncruces/sort v0.1.6 h1:TrsJfGRH1AoWoaeB4/+gCohot9+cA6u/INaH5agIhNk=
+github.com/ncruces/sort v0.1.6/go.mod h1:obJToO4rYr6VWP0Uw5FYymgYGt3Br4RXcs/JdKaXAPk=
+github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.11.0 h1:+gKemEuKCTevU4d7ZTzlsvgd1uaToIDtlQlmNbwqYhA=
+github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.11.0/go.mod h1:eV28rsN8Q+xwjogd7f4/Pp4xFxO7uOGbLcD/LzB1wiU=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.39.0 h1:CvCKL8MeisomCi6qNZ+wbb0DN9E5AATixKsvNtMoMFk=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.39.0/go.mod h1:OgkHotnGiDImocRcuBABYBEXf8A9a87e/uXjp9XT3ks=
+golang.org/x/text v0.31.0 h1:aC8ghyu4JhP8VojJ2lEHBnochRno1sgL6nEi9WGFGMM=
+golang.org/x/text v0.31.0/go.mod h1:tKRAlv61yKIjGGHX/4tP1LTbc13YSec1pxVEWXzfoeM=

embed/bcw2/repro.patch

@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-# https://sqlite.org/src/vpatch?from=67809715977a5bad&to=3f57584710d61174
---- tool/mkpragmatab.tcl
-+++ tool/mkpragmatab.tcl
-@@ -526,14 +526,17 @@
-   puts $fd [format {#define PragFlg_%-10s 0x%02x /* %s */} \
-              $f $fv $flagMeaning($f)]
-   set fv [expr {$fv*2}]
- }
- 
--# Sort the column lists so that longer column lists occur first
-+# Sort the column lists so that longer column lists occur first.
-+# In the event of a tie, sort column lists lexicographically.
- #
- proc colscmp {a b} {
--  return [expr {[llength $b] - [llength $a]}]
-+  set rc [expr {[llength $b] - [llength $a]}]
-+  if {$rc} {return $rc}
-+  return [string compare $a $b]
- }
- set cols_list [lsort -command colscmp $cols_list]
- 
- # Generate the array of column names used by pragmas that act like
- # queries.

embed/build.sh

@@ -12,22 +12,25 @@ trap 'rm -f sqlite3.tmp' EXIT
 "$WASI_SDK/clang" --target=wasm32-wasi -std=c23 -g0 -O2 \
 	-Wall -Wextra -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-unused-function \
 	-o sqlite3.wasm "$ROOT/sqlite3/main.c" \
-	-I"$ROOT/sqlite3" \
+	-I"$ROOT/sqlite3/libc" -I"$ROOT/sqlite3" \
 	-mexec-model=reactor \
-	-msimd128 -mmutable-globals -mmultivalue \
-	-mbulk-memory -mreference-types \
-	-mnontrapping-fptoint -msign-ext \
-	-fno-stack-protector -fno-stack-clash-protection \
+	-mmutable-globals -mnontrapping-fptoint \
+	-msimd128 -mbulk-memory -msign-ext \
+	-mreference-types -mmultivalue \
+	-mno-extended-const \
+	-fno-stack-protector \
 	-Wl,--stack-first \
 	-Wl,--import-undefined \
 	-Wl,--initial-memory=327680 \
 	-D_HAVE_SQLITE_CONFIG_H \
+	-DSQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL_PRAGMA_20251114 \
 	-DSQLITE_CUSTOM_INCLUDE=sqlite_opt.h \
 	$(awk '{print "-Wl,--export="$0}' exports.txt)
 
 "$BINARYEN/wasm-ctor-eval" -g -c _initialize sqlite3.wasm -o sqlite3.tmp
-"$BINARYEN/wasm-opt" -g --strip --strip-producers -c -O3 \
-	sqlite3.tmp -o sqlite3.wasm \
-	--enable-simd --enable-mutable-globals --enable-multivalue \
-	--enable-bulk-memory --enable-reference-types \
-	--enable-nontrapping-float-to-int --enable-sign-ext
+"$BINARYEN/wasm-opt" -g sqlite3.tmp -o sqlite3.wasm \
+	--low-memory-unused --gufa --generate-global-effects --converge -O3 \
+	--enable-mutable-globals --enable-nontrapping-float-to-int \
+	--enable-simd --enable-bulk-memory --enable-sign-ext \
+	--enable-reference-types --enable-multivalue \
+	--strip --strip-producers

embed/exports.txt

@@ -59,13 +59,14 @@ sqlite3_db_filename
 sqlite3_db_name
 sqlite3_db_readonly
 sqlite3_db_release_memory
-sqlite3_db_status
+sqlite3_db_status64
 sqlite3_declare_vtab
 sqlite3_errcode
 sqlite3_errmsg
 sqlite3_error_offset
 sqlite3_errstr
 sqlite3_exec
+sqlite3_exec_go
 sqlite3_expanded_sql
 sqlite3_file_control
 sqlite3_filename_database
@@ -97,6 +98,7 @@ sqlite3_result_error_toobig
 sqlite3_result_int64
 sqlite3_result_null
 sqlite3_result_pointer_go
+sqlite3_result_subtype
 sqlite3_result_text_go
 sqlite3_result_value
 sqlite3_result_zeroblob64
@@ -125,6 +127,7 @@ sqlite3_value_int64
 sqlite3_value_nochange
 sqlite3_value_numeric_type
 sqlite3_value_pointer_go
+sqlite3_value_subtype
 sqlite3_value_text
 sqlite3_value_type
 sqlite3_vtab_collation

embed/init.go

@@ -17,5 +17,7 @@ import (
 var binary string
 
 func init() {
-	sqlite3.Binary = unsafe.Slice(unsafe.StringData(binary), len(binary))
+	if sqlite3.Binary == nil {
+		sqlite3.Binary = unsafe.Slice(unsafe.StringData(binary), len(binary))
+	}
 }

embed/init_test.go

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ func Test_init(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if version != "3.49.1" {
+	if version != "3.51.1" {
 		t.Error(version)
 	}
 }

error.go

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import (
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/errcode.html
 type Error struct {
+	sys  error
 	msg  string
 	sql  string
 	code res_t
@@ -33,16 +34,28 @@ func (e *Error) ExtendedCode() ExtendedErrorCode {
 // Error implements the error interface.
 func (e *Error) Error() string {
 	var b strings.Builder
-	b.WriteString(util.ErrorCodeString(uint32(e.code)))
+	b.WriteString(util.ErrorCodeString(e.code))
 
 	if e.msg != "" {
 		b.WriteString(": ")
 		b.WriteString(e.msg)
 	}
+	if e.sys != nil {
+		b.WriteString(": ")
+		b.WriteString(e.sys.Error())
+	}
 
 	return b.String()
 }
 
+// Unwrap returns the underlying operating system error
+// that caused the I/O error or failure to open a file.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/system_errno.html
+func (e *Error) Unwrap() error {
+	return e.sys
+}
+
 // Is tests whether this error matches a given [ErrorCode] or [ExtendedErrorCode].
 //
 // It makes it possible to do:
@@ -75,7 +88,7 @@ func (e *Error) As(err any) bool {
 
 // Temporary returns true for [BUSY] errors.
 func (e *Error) Temporary() bool {
-	return e.Code() == BUSY
+	return e.Code() == BUSY || e.Code() == INTERRUPT
 }
 
 // Timeout returns true for [BUSY_TIMEOUT] errors.
@@ -90,7 +103,16 @@ func (e *Error) SQL() string {
 
 // Error implements the error interface.
 func (e ErrorCode) Error() string {
-	return util.ErrorCodeString(uint32(e))
+	return util.ErrorCodeString(e)
+}
+
+// As converts this error to an [ExtendedErrorCode].
+func (e ErrorCode) As(err any) bool {
+	c, ok := err.(*xErrorCode)
+	if ok {
+		*c = xErrorCode(e)
+	}
+	return ok
 }
 
 // Temporary returns true for [BUSY] errors.
@@ -105,7 +127,7 @@ func (e ErrorCode) ExtendedCode() ExtendedErrorCode {
 
 // Error implements the error interface.
 func (e ExtendedErrorCode) Error() string {
-	return util.ErrorCodeString(uint32(e))
+	return util.ErrorCodeString(e)
 }
 
 // Is tests whether this error matches a given [ErrorCode].
@@ -150,14 +172,10 @@ func errorCode(err error, def ErrorCode) (msg string, code res_t) {
 		return code.msg, res_t(code.code)
 	}
 
-	var ecode ErrorCode
 	var xcode xErrorCode
-	switch {
-	case errors.As(err, &xcode):
+	if errors.As(err, &xcode) {
 		code = res_t(xcode)
-	case errors.As(err, &ecode):
-		code = res_t(ecode)
-	default:
+	} else {
 		code = res_t(def)
 	}
 	return err.Error(), code

ext/README.md

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ you can load into your database connections.
 - [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/statement`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/statement)
   creates [parameterized views](https://github.com/0x09/sqlite-statement-vtab).
 - [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/stats`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/stats)
-  provides [statistics](https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/sql-in-a/9780596155322/ch04s02.html) functions.
+  provides [statistics](https://oreilly.com/library/view/sql-in-a/9780596155322/ch04s02.html) functions.
 - [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/unicode`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/unicode)
   provides [Unicode aware](https://sqlite.org/src/dir/ext/icu) functions.
 - [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/uuid`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/uuid)
@@ -38,11 +38,11 @@ you can load into your database connections.
 - [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/zorder`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/zorder)
   maps multidimensional data to one dimension.
 
-### Pakages
+### Packages
 
 These packages may also be useful to work with SQLite:
 
 - [`github.com/ncruces/decimal`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/decimal)
   decimal arithmetic.
 - [`github.com/ncruces/julianday`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/julianday)
-  Julian day math.
+  Julian day math.

ext/array/array.go

@@ -59,7 +59,8 @@ func (c *cursor) Next() error {
 }
 
 func (c *cursor) RowID() (int64, error) {
-	return int64(c.rowID), nil
+	// One-based RowID for consistency with carray and other tables.
+	return int64(c.rowID) + 1, nil
 }
 
 func (c *cursor) Column(ctx sqlite3.Context, n int) error {

ext/array/array_test.go

@@ -88,9 +88,9 @@ func Example() {
 
 func Test_cursor_Column(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	tmp := memdb.TestDB(t)
+	dsn := memdb.TestDB(t)
 
-	db, err := driver.Open(tmp, array.Register)
+	db, err := driver.Open(dsn, array.Register)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}

ext/blobio/blob_test.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package blobio_test
 
 import (
+	"database/sql"
 	"io"
 	"log"
 	"os"
@@ -34,7 +35,8 @@ func Example() {
 	const message = "Hello BLOB!"
 
 	// Create the BLOB.
-	r, err := db.Exec(`INSERT INTO test VALUES (?)`, sqlite3.ZeroBlob(len(message)))
+	r, err := db.Exec(`INSERT INTO test VALUES (:data)`,
+		sql.Named("data", sqlite3.ZeroBlob(len(message))))
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -45,15 +47,19 @@ func Example() {
 	}
 
 	// Write the BLOB.
-	_, err = db.Exec(`SELECT writeblob('main', 'test', 'col', ?, 0, ?)`,
-		id, message)
+	_, err = db.Exec(`SELECT writeblob('main', 'test', 'col', :rowid, :offset, :message)`,
+		sql.Named("rowid", id),
+		sql.Named("offset", 0),
+		sql.Named("message", message))
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
 	// Read the BLOB.
-	_, err = db.Exec(`SELECT readblob('main', 'test', 'col', ?, 0, ?)`,
-		id, sqlite3.Pointer(os.Stdout))
+	_, err = db.Exec(`SELECT readblob('main', 'test', 'col', :rowid, :offset, :writer)`,
+		sql.Named("rowid", id),
+		sql.Named("offset", 0),
+		sql.Named("writer", sqlite3.Pointer(os.Stdout)))
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -64,7 +70,7 @@ func Example() {
 func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
 	sqlite3.AutoExtension(blobio.Register)
 	sqlite3.AutoExtension(array.Register)
-	m.Run()
+	os.Exit(m.Run())
 }
 
 func Test_readblob(t *testing.T) {
@@ -138,18 +144,16 @@ func Test_readblob(t *testing.T) {
 				}
 			}
 
-			if stmt.Step() {
-				got := stmt.ColumnText(0)
-				if got != tt.want1 {
-					t.Errorf("got %q", got)
-				}
+			if !stmt.Step() {
+				t.Fatal(stmt.Err())
+			} else if got := stmt.ColumnText(0); got != tt.want1 {
+				t.Errorf("got %q", got)
 			}
 
-			if stmt.Step() {
-				got := stmt.ColumnText(0)
-				if got != tt.want2 {
-					t.Errorf("got %q", got)
-				}
+			if !stmt.Step() {
+				t.Fatal(stmt.Err())
+			} else if got := stmt.ColumnText(0); got != tt.want2 {
+				t.Errorf("got %q", got)
 			}
 
 			err = stmt.Err()

ext/bloom/bloom.go

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/util/sql3util"
 )
 
 // Register registers the bloom_filter virtual table:
@@ -34,6 +35,8 @@ type bloom struct {
 	hashes  int
 }
 
+const vtab = `CREATE TABLE x(present, word TEXT HIDDEN NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY) WITHOUT ROWID`
+
 func create(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, schema, table string, arg ...string) (_ *bloom, err error) {
 	b := bloom{
 		db:      db,
@@ -55,11 +58,9 @@ func create(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, schema, table string, arg ...string) (_ *bloom,
 	}
 
 	if len(arg) > 1 {
-		b.prob, err = strconv.ParseFloat(arg[1], 64)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		if b.prob <= 0 || b.prob >= 1 {
+		var ok bool
+		b.prob, ok = sql3util.ParseFloat(arg[1])
+		if !ok || b.prob <= 0 || b.prob >= 1 {
 			return nil, util.ErrorString("bloom: probability must be in the range (0,1)")
 		}
 	} else {
@@ -80,8 +81,7 @@ func create(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, schema, table string, arg ...string) (_ *bloom,
 
 	b.bytes = numBytes(nelem, b.prob)
 
-	err = db.DeclareVTab(
-		`CREATE TABLE x(present, word HIDDEN NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY) WITHOUT ROWID`)
+	err = db.DeclareVTab(vtab)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -115,8 +115,7 @@ func connect(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, schema, table string, arg ...string) (_ *bloom
 		storage: table + "_storage",
 	}
 
-	err = db.DeclareVTab(
-		`CREATE TABLE x(present, word HIDDEN NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY) WITHOUT ROWID`)
+	err = db.DeclareVTab(vtab)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}

ext/bloom/bloom_test.go

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ import (
 
 func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
 	sqlite3.AutoExtension(bloom.Register)
-	m.Run()
+	os.Exit(m.Run())
 }
 
 func TestRegister(t *testing.T) {

ext/closure/closure.go

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) error {
 				done.Add(key)
 			}
 
-			err := db.DeclareVTab(`CREATE TABLE x(id,depth,root HIDDEN,tablename HIDDEN,idcolumn HIDDEN,parentcolumn HIDDEN)`)
+			err := db.DeclareVTab(`CREATE TABLE x(id INT,depth INT,root HIDDEN,tablename TEXT HIDDEN,idcolumn TEXT HIDDEN,parentcolumn TEXT HIDDEN)`)
 			if err != nil {
 				return nil, err
 			}
@@ -154,6 +154,7 @@ func (c *closure) BestIndex(idx *sqlite3.IndexInfo) error {
 		return sqlite3.CONSTRAINT
 	}
 
+	idx.IdxFlags = sqlite3.INDEX_SCAN_HEX
 	idx.EstimatedCost = cost
 	idx.IdxNum = plan
 	return nil

ext/closure/closure_test.go

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	_ "embed"
 	"fmt"
 	"log"
+	"os"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
@@ -14,7 +15,7 @@ import (
 
 func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
 	sqlite3.AutoExtension(closure.Register)
-	m.Run()
+	os.Exit(m.Run())
 }
 
 func Example() {

ext/csv/csv.go

@@ -254,19 +254,15 @@ func (c *cursor) Column(ctx sqlite3.Context, col int) error {
 
 		switch typ {
 		case numeric, integer:
-			if strings.TrimLeft(txt, "+-0123456789") == "" {
-				if i, err := strconv.ParseInt(txt, 10, 64); err == nil {
-					ctx.ResultInt64(i)
-					return nil
-				}
+			if i, err := strconv.ParseInt(txt, 10, 64); err == nil {
+				ctx.ResultInt64(i)
+				return nil
 			}
 			fallthrough
 		case real:
-			if strings.TrimLeft(txt, "+-.0123456789Ee") == "" {
-				if f, err := strconv.ParseFloat(txt, 64); err == nil {
-					ctx.ResultFloat(f)
-					return nil
-				}
+			if f, ok := sql3util.ParseFloat(txt); ok {
+				ctx.ResultFloat(f)
+				return nil
 			}
 			fallthrough
 		default:

ext/csv/csv_test.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package csv_test
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"log"
+	"os"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
@@ -56,7 +57,7 @@ func Example() {
 
 func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
 	sqlite3.AutoExtension(csv.Register)
-	m.Run()
+	os.Exit(m.Run())
 }
 
 func TestRegister(t *testing.T) {
@@ -146,20 +147,21 @@ func TestAffinity(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	defer stmt.Close()
 
-	if stmt.Step() {
-		if got := stmt.ColumnText(0); got != "1" {
-			t.Errorf("got %q want 1", got)
-		}
+	if !stmt.Step() {
+		t.Fatal(stmt.Err())
+	} else if got := stmt.ColumnText(0); got != "1" {
+		t.Errorf("got %q want 1", got)
 	}
-	if stmt.Step() {
-		if got := stmt.ColumnText(0); got != "0.1" {
-			t.Errorf("got %q want 0.1", got)
-		}
+	if !stmt.Step() {
+		t.Fatal(stmt.Err())
+	} else if got := stmt.ColumnText(0); got != "0.1" {
+		t.Errorf("got %q want 0.1", got)
 	}
-	if stmt.Step() {
-		if got := stmt.ColumnText(0); got != "e" {
-			t.Errorf("got %q want e", got)
-		}
+
+	if !stmt.Step() {
+		t.Fatal(stmt.Err())
+	} else if got := stmt.ColumnText(0); got != "e" {
+		t.Errorf("got %q want e", got)
 	}
 }
 

ext/fileio/fileio.go

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) error {
 	return RegisterFS(db, nil)
 }
 
-// Register registers SQL functions readfile, lsmode,
+// RegisterFS registers SQL functions readfile, lsmode,
 // and the table-valued function fsdir;
 // fsys will be used to read files and list directories.
 func RegisterFS(db *sqlite3.Conn, fsys fs.FS) error {
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ func RegisterFS(db *sqlite3.Conn, fsys fs.FS) error {
 		db.CreateFunction("readfile", 1, sqlite3.DIRECTONLY, readfile(fsys)),
 		db.CreateFunction("lsmode", 1, sqlite3.DETERMINISTIC, lsmode),
 		sqlite3.CreateModule(db, "fsdir", nil, func(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, _, _ string, _ ...string) (fsdir, error) {
-			err := db.DeclareVTab(`CREATE TABLE x(name,mode,mtime TIMESTAMP,data,path HIDDEN,dir HIDDEN)`)
+			err := db.DeclareVTab(`CREATE TABLE x(name TEXT,mode INT,mtime TIMESTAMP,data BLOB,path HIDDEN,dir HIDDEN)`)
 			if err == nil {
 				err = db.VTabConfig(sqlite3.VTAB_DIRECTONLY)
 			}

ext/fileio/fileio_test.go

@@ -17,9 +17,9 @@ import (
 
 func Test_lsmode(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	tmp := memdb.TestDB(t)
+	dsn := memdb.TestDB(t)
 
-	db, err := driver.Open(tmp, fileio.Register)
+	db, err := driver.Open(dsn, fileio.Register)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -53,9 +53,9 @@ func Test_readfile(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, fsys := range []fs.FS{nil, os.DirFS(".")} {
 		t.Run("", func(t *testing.T) {
-			tmp := memdb.TestDB(t)
+			dsn := memdb.TestDB(t)
 
-			db, err := driver.Open(tmp, func(c *sqlite3.Conn) error {
+			db, err := driver.Open(dsn, func(c *sqlite3.Conn) error {
 				fileio.RegisterFS(c, fsys)
 				return nil
 			})

ext/fileio/fsdir_test.go

@@ -21,9 +21,9 @@ func Test_fsdir(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, fsys := range []fs.FS{nil, os.DirFS(".")} {
 		t.Run("", func(t *testing.T) {
-			tmp := memdb.TestDB(t)
+			dsn := memdb.TestDB(t)
 
-			db, err := driver.Open(tmp, func(c *sqlite3.Conn) error {
+			db, err := driver.Open(dsn, func(c *sqlite3.Conn) error {
 				fileio.RegisterFS(c, fsys)
 				return nil
 			})

ext/fileio/write_test.go

@@ -15,9 +15,9 @@ import (
 
 func Test_writefile(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	tmp := memdb.TestDB(t)
+	dsn := memdb.TestDB(t)
 
-	db, err := driver.Open(tmp, Register)
+	db, err := driver.Open(dsn, Register)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}

ext/hash/hash_test.go

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	_ "crypto/md5"
 	_ "crypto/sha1"
 	_ "crypto/sha256"
+	_ "crypto/sha3"
 	_ "crypto/sha512"
 	"testing"
 
@@ -11,7 +12,6 @@ import (
 	_ "golang.org/x/crypto/blake2s"
 	_ "golang.org/x/crypto/md4"
 	_ "golang.org/x/crypto/ripemd160"
-	_ "golang.org/x/crypto/sha3"
 
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver"
 	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed"
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ import (
 
 func TestRegister(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	tmp := memdb.TestDB(t)
+	dsn := memdb.TestDB(t)
 
 	tests := []struct {
 		name string
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ func TestRegister(t *testing.T) {
 		{"blake2b('', 256)", "0E5751C026E543B2E8AB2EB06099DAA1D1E5DF47778F7787FAAB45CDF12FE3A8"},
 	}
 
-	db, err := driver.Open(tmp, Register)
+	db, err := driver.Open(dsn, Register)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}

ext/ipaddr/ipaddr_test.go

@@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ import (
 
 func TestRegister(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	tmp := memdb.TestDB(t)
+	dsn := memdb.TestDB(t)
 
-	db, err := driver.Open(tmp, ipaddr.Register)
+	db, err := driver.Open(dsn, ipaddr.Register)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}

ext/lines/lines_test.go

@@ -67,9 +67,9 @@ func Example() {
 
 func Test_lines(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	tmp := memdb.TestDB(t)
+	dsn := memdb.TestDB(t)
 
-	db, err := driver.Open(tmp, lines.Register)
+	db, err := driver.Open(dsn, lines.Register)
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -98,9 +98,9 @@ func Test_lines(t *testing.T) {
 
 func Test_lines_error(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	tmp := memdb.TestDB(t)
+	dsn := memdb.TestDB(t)
 
-	db, err := driver.Open(tmp, lines.Register)
+	db, err := driver.Open(dsn, lines.Register)
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -123,9 +123,9 @@ func Test_lines_error(t *testing.T) {
 
 func Test_lines_read(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	tmp := memdb.TestDB(t)
+	dsn := memdb.TestDB(t)
 
-	db, err := driver.Open(tmp, lines.Register)
+	db, err := driver.Open(dsn, lines.Register)
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -155,9 +155,9 @@ func Test_lines_read(t *testing.T) {
 
 func Test_lines_test(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	tmp := memdb.TestDB(t)
+	dsn := memdb.TestDB(t)
 
-	db, err := driver.Open(tmp, lines.Register)
+	db, err := driver.Open(dsn, lines.Register)
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Fatal(err)
 	}

ext/pivot/pivot.go

@@ -55,6 +55,8 @@ func declare(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, _, _ string, arg ...string) (ret *table, err e
 		t.keys[i] = name
 		create.WriteString(sep)
 		create.WriteString(name)
+		create.WriteString(" ")
+		create.WriteString(stmt.ColumnDeclType(i))
 		sep = ","
 	}
 	stmt.Close()
@@ -71,8 +73,11 @@ func declare(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, _, _ string, arg ...string) (ret *table, err e
 	for stmt.Step() {
 		name := sqlite3.QuoteIdentifier(stmt.ColumnText(1))
 		t.cols = append(t.cols, stmt.ColumnValue(0).Dup())
-		create.WriteString(",")
+		create.WriteString(sep)
 		create.WriteString(name)
+		create.WriteString(" ")
+		create.WriteString(stmt.ColumnDeclType(1))
+		sep = ","
 	}
 	stmt.Close()
 

ext/pivot/pivot_test.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package pivot_test
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"log"
+	"os"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
@@ -85,7 +86,7 @@ func Example() {
 
 func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
 	sqlite3.AutoExtension(pivot.Register)
-	m.Run()
+	os.Exit(m.Run())
 }
 
 func TestRegister(t *testing.T) {
@@ -140,10 +141,10 @@ func TestRegister(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	defer stmt.Close()
 
-	if stmt.Step() {
-		if got := stmt.ColumnInt(0); got != 3 {
-			t.Errorf("got %d, want 3", got)
-		}
+	if !stmt.Step() {
+		t.Fatal(stmt.Err())
+	} else if got := stmt.ColumnInt(0); got != 3 {
+		t.Errorf("got %d, want 3", got)
 	}
 
 	err = db.Exec(`ALTER TABLE v_x RENAME TO v_y`)

ext/regexp/regexp_test.go

@@ -15,9 +15,9 @@ import (
 
 func TestRegister(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	tmp := memdb.TestDB(t)
+	dsn := memdb.TestDB(t)
 
-	db, err := driver.Open(tmp, Register)
+	db, err := driver.Open(dsn, Register)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ func TestRegister(t *testing.T) {
 		{`regexp_instr('Hello', '.', 6)`, ""},
 		{`regexp_substr('Hello', 'el.')`, "ell"},
 		{`regexp_replace('Hello', 'llo', 'll')`, "Hell"},
-		// https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/functions-matching.html
+		// https://postgresql.org/docs/current/functions-matching.html
 		{`regexp_count('ABCABCAXYaxy', 'A.')`, "3"},
 		{`regexp_count('ABCABCAXYaxy', '(?i)A.', 1)`, "4"},
 		{`regexp_instr('number of your street, town zip, FR', '[^,]+', 1, 2)`, "23"},
@@ -80,9 +80,9 @@ func TestRegister(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestRegister_errors(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	tmp := memdb.TestDB(t)
+	dsn := memdb.TestDB(t)
 
-	db, err := driver.Open(tmp, Register)
+	db, err := driver.Open(dsn, Register)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -107,9 +107,9 @@ func TestRegister_errors(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestRegister_pointer(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	tmp := memdb.TestDB(t)
+	dsn := memdb.TestDB(t)
 
-	db, err := driver.Open(tmp, Register)
+	db, err := driver.Open(dsn, Register)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}

ext/serdes/serdes.go

@@ -2,9 +2,8 @@
 package serdes
 
 import (
-	"io"
-
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/util/vfsutil"
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs"
 )
 
@@ -14,16 +13,16 @@ func init() {
 	vfs.Register(vfsName, sliceVFS{})
 }
 
-var fileToOpen = make(chan *sliceFile, 1)
+var fileToOpen = make(chan *[]byte, 1)
 
 // Serialize backs up a database into a byte slice.
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/serialize.html
 func Serialize(db *sqlite3.Conn, schema string) ([]byte, error) {
-	var file sliceFile
+	var file []byte
 	fileToOpen <- &file
-	err := db.Backup(schema, "file:serdes.db?vfs="+vfsName)
-	return file.data, err
+	err := db.Backup(schema, "file:serdes.db?nolock=1&vfs="+vfsName)
+	return file, err
 }
 
 // Deserialize restores a database from a byte slice,
@@ -41,8 +40,8 @@ func Serialize(db *sqlite3.Conn, schema string) ([]byte, error) {
 // ["memdb"]: https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs/memdb
 // ["reader"]: https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs/readervfs
 func Deserialize(db *sqlite3.Conn, schema string, data []byte) error {
-	fileToOpen <- &sliceFile{data}
-	return db.Restore(schema, "file:serdes.db?vfs="+vfsName)
+	fileToOpen <- &data
+	return db.Restore(schema, "file:serdes.db?immutable=1&vfs="+vfsName)
 }
 
 type sliceVFS struct{}
@@ -53,14 +52,14 @@ func (sliceVFS) Open(name string, flags vfs.OpenFlag) (vfs.File, vfs.OpenFlag, e
 	}
 	select {
 	case file := <-fileToOpen:
-		return file, flags | vfs.OPEN_MEMORY, nil
+		return (*vfsutil.SliceFile)(file), flags | vfs.OPEN_MEMORY, nil
 	default:
 		return nil, flags, sqlite3.MISUSE
 	}
 }
 
 func (sliceVFS) Delete(name string, dirSync bool) error {
-	// notest // OPEN_MEMORY
+	// notest // no journals to delete
 	return sqlite3.IOERR_DELETE
 }
 
@@ -71,70 +70,3 @@ func (sliceVFS) Access(name string, flag vfs.AccessFlag) (bool, error) {
 func (sliceVFS) FullPathname(name string) (string, error) {
 	return name, nil
 }
-
-type sliceFile struct{ data []byte }
-
-func (f *sliceFile) ReadAt(b []byte, off int64) (n int, err error) {
-	if d := f.data; off < int64(len(d)) {
-		n = copy(b, d[off:])
-	}
-	if n == 0 {
-		err = io.EOF
-	}
-	return
-}
-
-func (f *sliceFile) WriteAt(b []byte, off int64) (n int, err error) {
-	if d := f.data; off > int64(len(d)) {
-		f.data = append(d, make([]byte, off-int64(len(d)))...)
-	}
-	d := append(f.data[:off], b...)
-	if len(d) > len(f.data) {
-		f.data = d
-	}
-	return len(b), nil
-}
-
-func (f *sliceFile) Size() (int64, error) {
-	return int64(len(f.data)), nil
-}
-
-func (f *sliceFile) Truncate(size int64) error {
-	if d := f.data; size < int64(len(d)) {
-		f.data = d[:size]
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (f *sliceFile) SizeHint(size int64) error {
-	if d := f.data; size > int64(len(d)) {
-		f.data = append(d, make([]byte, size-int64(len(d)))...)
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (*sliceFile) Close() error { return nil }
-
-func (*sliceFile) Sync(flag vfs.SyncFlag) error { return nil }
-
-func (*sliceFile) Lock(lock vfs.LockLevel) error { return nil }
-
-func (*sliceFile) Unlock(lock vfs.LockLevel) error { return nil }
-
-func (*sliceFile) CheckReservedLock() (bool, error) {
-	// notest // OPEN_MEMORY
-	return false, nil
-}
-
-func (*sliceFile) SectorSize() int {
-	// notest // IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE
-	return 0
-}
-
-func (*sliceFile) DeviceCharacteristics() vfs.DeviceCharacteristic {
-	return vfs.IOCAP_ATOMIC |
-		vfs.IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND |
-		vfs.IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL |
-		vfs.IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE |
-		vfs.IOCAP_SUBPAGE_READ
-}

ext/serdes/serdes_test.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package serdes_test
 
 import (
+	_ "embed"
 	"errors"
 	"io"
 	"net/http"
@@ -11,7 +12,30 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/serdes"
 )
 
-func TestDeserialize(t *testing.T) {
+//go:embed testdata/wal.db
+var walDB []byte
+
+func Test_wal(t *testing.T) {
+	db, err := sqlite3.Open("testdata/wal.db")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	data, err := serdes.Serialize(db, "main")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	compareDBs(t, data, walDB)
+
+	err = serdes.Deserialize(db, "temp", walDB)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}
+
+func Test_northwind(t *testing.T) {
 	if testing.Short() {
 		t.Skip("skipping in short mode")
 	}
@@ -37,10 +61,14 @@ func TestDeserialize(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	if len(input) != len(output) {
+	compareDBs(t, input, output)
+}
+
+func compareDBs(t *testing.T, a, b []byte) {
+	if len(a) != len(b) {
 		t.Fatal("lengths are different")
 	}
-	for i := range input {
+	for i := range a {
 		// These may be different.
 		switch {
 		case 24 <= i && i < 28:
@@ -53,14 +81,14 @@ func TestDeserialize(t *testing.T) {
 			// SQLite version that wrote the file.
 			continue
 		}
-		if input[i] != output[i] {
-			t.Errorf("difference at %d: %d %d", i, input[i], output[i])
+		if a[i] != b[i] {
+			t.Errorf("difference at %d: %d %d", i, a[i], b[i])
 		}
 	}
 }
 
 func httpGet() ([]byte, error) {
-	res, err := http.Get("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jpwhite3/northwind-SQLite3/refs/heads/main/dist/northwind.db")
+	res, err := http.Get("https://github.com/jpwhite3/northwind-SQLite3/raw/refs/heads/main/dist/northwind.db")
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}

ext/statement/stmt_test.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package statement_test
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"log"
+	"os"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
@@ -50,7 +51,7 @@ func Example() {
 
 func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
 	sqlite3.AutoExtension(statement.Register)
-	m.Run()
+	os.Exit(m.Run())
 }
 
 func TestRegister(t *testing.T) {
@@ -91,7 +92,9 @@ func TestRegister(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	defer stmt.Close()
 
-	if stmt.Step() {
+	if !stmt.Step() {
+		t.Fatal(stmt.Err())
+	} else {
 		x := stmt.ColumnInt(0)
 		y := stmt.ColumnInt(1)
 		hypot := stmt.ColumnInt(2)

ext/stats/TODO.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # ANSI SQL Aggregate Functions
 
-https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/sql-in-a/9780596155322/ch04s02.html
+https://oreilly.com/library/view/sql-in-a/9780596155322/ch04s02.html
 
 ## Built in aggregates
 

ext/stats/boolean_test.go

@@ -37,7 +37,9 @@ func TestRegister_boolean(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if stmt.Step() {
+	if !stmt.Step() {
+		t.Fatal(stmt.Err())
+	} else {
 		if got := stmt.ColumnBool(0); got != true {
 			t.Errorf("got %v, want true", got)
 		}

ext/stats/mode.go

@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ type mode struct {
 
 func (m mode) Value(ctx sqlite3.Context) {
 	var (
-		max = 0
 		typ = sqlite3.NULL
+		max uint
 		i64 int64
 		f64 float64
 		str string
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@ func (m mode) Value(ctx sqlite3.Context) {
 			i64 = k
 		}
 	}
-	f64 = float64(i64)
 	for k, v := range m.reals {
 		if v > max || v == max && k < f64 {
 			typ = sqlite3.FLOAT
@@ -66,33 +65,45 @@ func (m mode) Value(ctx sqlite3.Context) {
 	}
 }
 
-func (b *mode) Step(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+func (m *mode) Step(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
 	switch arg[0].Type() {
 	case sqlite3.INTEGER:
-		b.ints.add(arg[0].Int64())
+		if m.reals == nil {
+			m.ints.add(arg[0].Int64())
+			break
+		}
+		fallthrough
 	case sqlite3.FLOAT:
-		b.reals.add(arg[0].Float())
+		m.reals.add(arg[0].Float())
+		for k, v := range m.ints {
+			m.reals[float64(k)] += v
+		}
+		m.ints = nil
 	case sqlite3.TEXT:
-		b.texts.add(arg[0].Text())
+		m.texts.add(arg[0].Text())
 	case sqlite3.BLOB:
-		b.blobs.add(string(arg[0].RawBlob()))
+		m.blobs.add(string(arg[0].RawBlob()))
 	}
 }
 
-func (b *mode) Inverse(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+func (m *mode) Inverse(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
 	switch arg[0].Type() {
 	case sqlite3.INTEGER:
-		b.ints.del(arg[0].Int64())
+		if m.reals == nil {
+			m.ints.del(arg[0].Int64())
+			break
+		}
+		fallthrough
 	case sqlite3.FLOAT:
-		b.reals.del(arg[0].Float())
+		m.reals.del(arg[0].Float())
 	case sqlite3.TEXT:
-		b.texts.del(arg[0].Text())
+		m.texts.del(arg[0].Text())
 	case sqlite3.BLOB:
-		b.blobs.del(string(arg[0].RawBlob()))
+		m.blobs.del(string(arg[0].RawBlob()))
 	}
 }
 
-type counter[T comparable] map[T]int
+type counter[T comparable] map[T]uint
 
 func (c *counter[T]) add(k T) {
 	if (*c) == nil {
@@ -102,11 +113,9 @@ func (c *counter[T]) add(k T) {
 }
 
 func (c counter[T]) del(k T) {
-	switch n := c[k]; n {
-	default:
-		c[k] = n - 1
-	case 1:
+	if n := c[k]; n == 1 {
 		delete(c, k)
-	case 0:
+	} else {
+		c[k] = n - 1
 	}
 }

ext/stats/mode_test.go

@@ -21,10 +21,10 @@ func TestRegister_mode(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if stmt.Step() {
-		if got := stmt.ColumnInt(0); got != 3 {
-			t.Errorf("got %v, want 3", got)
-		}
+	if !stmt.Step() {
+		t.Fatal(stmt.Err())
+	} else if got := stmt.ColumnInt(0); got != 3 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want 3", got)
 	}
 	stmt.Close()
 
@@ -32,10 +32,10 @@ func TestRegister_mode(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if stmt.Step() {
-		if got := stmt.ColumnInt(0); got != 1 {
-			t.Errorf("got %v, want 1", got)
-		}
+	if !stmt.Step() {
+		t.Fatal(stmt.Err())
+	} else if got := stmt.ColumnInt(0); got != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want 1", got)
 	}
 	stmt.Close()
 
@@ -43,10 +43,10 @@ func TestRegister_mode(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if stmt.Step() {
-		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(0); got != 2.5 {
-			t.Errorf("got %v, want 2.5", got)
-		}
+	if !stmt.Step() {
+		t.Fatal(stmt.Err())
+	} else if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(0); got != 2.5 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want 2.5", got)
 	}
 	stmt.Close()
 
@@ -54,21 +54,22 @@ func TestRegister_mode(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if stmt.Step() {
-		if got := stmt.ColumnText(0); got != "red" {
-			t.Errorf("got %q, want red", got)
-		}
+	if !stmt.Step() {
+		t.Fatal(stmt.Err())
+	} else if got := stmt.ColumnText(0); got != "red" {
+		t.Errorf("got %q, want red", got)
 	}
+
 	stmt.Close()
 
 	stmt, _, err = db.Prepare(`SELECT mode(column1) FROM (VALUES (X'cafebabe'), ('green'), ('blue'), (X'cafebabe'))`)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if stmt.Step() {
-		if got := stmt.ColumnText(0); got != "\xca\xfe\xba\xbe" {
-			t.Errorf("got %q, want cafebabe", got)
-		}
+	if !stmt.Step() {
+		t.Fatal(stmt.Err())
+	} else if got := stmt.ColumnText(0); got != "\xca\xfe\xba\xbe" {
+		t.Errorf("got %q, want cafebabe", got)
 	}
 	stmt.Close()
 
@@ -82,4 +83,20 @@ func TestRegister_mode(t *testing.T) {
 	for stmt.Step() {
 	}
 	stmt.Close()
+
+	stmt, _, err = db.Prepare(`SELECT mode(column1) FROM (VALUES (?), (?), (?), (?), (?))`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	stmt.BindInt(1, 1)
+	stmt.BindInt(2, 1)
+	stmt.BindInt(3, 2)
+	stmt.BindFloat(4, 2)
+	stmt.BindFloat(5, 2)
+	if !stmt.Step() {
+		t.Fatal(stmt.Err())
+	} else if got := stmt.ColumnInt(0); got != 2 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want 2", got)
+	}
+	stmt.Close()
 }

ext/stats/percentile_test.go

@@ -38,7 +38,9 @@ func TestRegister_percentile(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if stmt.Step() {
+	if !stmt.Step() {
+		t.Fatal(stmt.Err())
+	} else {
 		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(0); got != 10 {
 			t.Errorf("got %v, want 10", got)
 		}
@@ -65,30 +67,30 @@ func TestRegister_percentile(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if stmt.Step() {
-		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(0); got != 5.5 {
-			t.Errorf("got %v, want 5.5", got)
-		}
+	if !stmt.Step() {
+		t.Fatal(stmt.Err())
+	} else if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(0); got != 5.5 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want 5.5", got)
 	}
-	if stmt.Step() {
-		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(0); got != 7 {
-			t.Errorf("got %v, want 7", got)
-		}
+	if !stmt.Step() {
+		t.Fatal(stmt.Err())
+	} else if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(0); got != 7 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want 7", got)
 	}
-	if stmt.Step() {
-		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(0); got != 10 {
-			t.Errorf("got %v, want 10", got)
-		}
+	if !stmt.Step() {
+		t.Fatal(stmt.Err())
+	} else if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(0); got != 10 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want 10", got)
 	}
-	if stmt.Step() {
-		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(0); got != 14.5 {
-			t.Errorf("got %v, want 14.5", got)
-		}
+	if !stmt.Step() {
+		t.Fatal(stmt.Err())
+	} else if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(0); got != 14.5 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want 14.5", got)
 	}
-	if stmt.Step() {
-		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(0); got != 16 {
-			t.Errorf("got %v, want 16", got)
-		}
+	if !stmt.Step() {
+		t.Fatal(stmt.Err())
+	} else if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(0); got != 16 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want 16", got)
 	}
 	stmt.Close()
 
@@ -103,7 +105,9 @@ func TestRegister_percentile(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if stmt.Step() {
+	if !stmt.Step() {
+		t.Fatal(stmt.Err())
+	} else {
 		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(0); got != 4 {
 			t.Errorf("got %v, want 4", got)
 		}
@@ -134,7 +138,9 @@ func TestRegister_percentile(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if stmt.Step() {
+	if !stmt.Step() {
+		t.Fatal(stmt.Err())
+	} else {
 		if got := stmt.ColumnType(0); got != sqlite3.NULL {
 			t.Error("want NULL")
 		}

ext/stats/stats.go

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
 //
 // [Built-in Aggregate Functions]: https://sqlite.org/lang_aggfunc.html
 // [Built-in Window Functions]: https://sqlite.org/windowfunctions.html#builtins
-// [ANSI SQL Aggregate Functions]: https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/sql-in-a/9780596155322/ch04s02.html
+// [ANSI SQL Aggregate Functions]: https://oreilly.com/library/view/sql-in-a/9780596155322/ch04s02.html
 package stats
 
 import (
@@ -58,8 +58,11 @@ import (
 
 // Register registers statistics functions.
 func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) error {
-	const flags = sqlite3.DETERMINISTIC | sqlite3.INNOCUOUS
-	const order = sqlite3.SELFORDER1 | flags
+	const (
+		flags = sqlite3.DETERMINISTIC | sqlite3.INNOCUOUS
+		json  = sqlite3.RESULT_SUBTYPE | flags
+		order = sqlite3.SELFORDER1 | flags
+	)
 	return errors.Join(
 		db.CreateWindowFunction("var_pop", 1, flags, newVariance(var_pop)),
 		db.CreateWindowFunction("var_samp", 1, flags, newVariance(var_samp)),
@@ -81,7 +84,7 @@ func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) error {
 		db.CreateWindowFunction("regr_slope", 2, flags, newCovariance(regr_slope)),
 		db.CreateWindowFunction("regr_intercept", 2, flags, newCovariance(regr_intercept)),
 		db.CreateWindowFunction("regr_count", 2, flags, newCovariance(regr_count)),
-		db.CreateWindowFunction("regr_json", 2, flags, newCovariance(regr_json)),
+		db.CreateWindowFunction("regr_json", 2, json, newCovariance(regr_json)),
 		db.CreateWindowFunction("median", 1, order, newPercentile(median)),
 		db.CreateWindowFunction("percentile", 2, order, newPercentile(percentile_100)),
 		db.CreateWindowFunction("percentile_cont", 2, order, newPercentile(percentile_cont)),
@@ -227,6 +230,7 @@ func (fn *covariance) Value(ctx sqlite3.Context) {
 	case regr_json:
 		var buf [128]byte
 		ctx.ResultRawText(fn.regr_json(buf[:0]))
+		ctx.ResultSubtype('J')
 		return
 	}
 	ctx.ResultFloat(r)

ext/stats/stats_test.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package stats_test
 
 import (
 	"math"
+	"os"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
@@ -12,7 +13,7 @@ import (
 
 func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
 	sqlite3.AutoExtension(stats.Register)
-	m.Run()
+	os.Exit(m.Run())
 }
 
 func TestRegister_variance(t *testing.T) {
@@ -33,10 +34,10 @@ func TestRegister_variance(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if stmt.Step() {
-		if got := stmt.ColumnType(0); got != sqlite3.NULL {
-			t.Errorf("got %v, want NULL", got)
-		}
+	if !stmt.Step() {
+		t.Fatal(stmt.Err())
+	} else if got := stmt.ColumnType(0); got != sqlite3.NULL {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want NULL", got)
 	}
 	stmt.Close()
 
@@ -56,7 +57,9 @@ func TestRegister_variance(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if stmt.Step() {
+	if !stmt.Step() {
+		t.Fatal(stmt.Err())
+	} else {
 		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(0); got != 40 {
 			t.Errorf("got %v, want 40", got)
 		}
@@ -130,7 +133,9 @@ func TestRegister_covariance(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if stmt.Step() {
+	if !stmt.Step() {
+		t.Fatal(stmt.Err())
+	} else {
 		if got := stmt.ColumnInt(0); got != 0 {
 			t.Errorf("got %v, want 0", got)
 		}
@@ -155,49 +160,50 @@ func TestRegister_covariance(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if stmt.Step() {
-		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(0); got != 0.9881049293224639 {
-			t.Errorf("got %v, want 0.9881049293224639", got)
-		}
-		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(1); got != 21.25 {
-			t.Errorf("got %v, want 21.25", got)
-		}
-		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(2); got != 17 {
-			t.Errorf("got %v, want 17", got)
-		}
-		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(3); got != 4.2 {
-			t.Errorf("got %v, want 4.2", got)
-		}
-		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(4); got != 75 {
-			t.Errorf("got %v, want 75", got)
-		}
-		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(5); got != 14.8 {
-			t.Errorf("got %v, want 14.8", got)
-		}
-		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(6); got != 500 {
-			t.Errorf("got %v, want 500", got)
-		}
-		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(7); got != 85 {
-			t.Errorf("got %v, want 85", got)
-		}
-		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(8); got != 0.17 {
-			t.Errorf("got %v, want 0.17", got)
-		}
-		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(9); got != -8.55 {
-			t.Errorf("got %v, want -8.55", got)
-		}
-		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(10); got != 0.9763513513513513 {
-			t.Errorf("got %v, want 0.9763513513513513", got)
-		}
-		if got := stmt.ColumnInt(11); got != 5 {
-			t.Errorf("got %v, want 5", got)
-		}
-		var a map[string]float64
-		if err := stmt.ColumnJSON(12, &a); err != nil {
-			t.Error(err)
-		} else if got := a["count"]; got != 5 {
-			t.Errorf("got %v, want 5", got)
-		}
+	if !stmt.Step() {
+		t.Fatal(stmt.Err())
+	}
+	if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(0); got != 0.9881049293224639 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want 0.9881049293224639", got)
+	}
+	if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(1); got != 21.25 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want 21.25", got)
+	}
+	if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(2); got != 17 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want 17", got)
+	}
+	if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(3); got != 4.2 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want 4.2", got)
+	}
+	if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(4); got != 75 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want 75", got)
+	}
+	if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(5); got != 14.8 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want 14.8", got)
+	}
+	if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(6); got != 500 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want 500", got)
+	}
+	if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(7); got != 85 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want 85", got)
+	}
+	if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(8); got != 0.17 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want 0.17", got)
+	}
+	if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(9); got != -8.55 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want -8.55", got)
+	}
+	if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(10); got != 0.9763513513513513 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want 0.9763513513513513", got)
+	}
+	if got := stmt.ColumnInt(11); got != 5 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want 5", got)
+	}
+	var a map[string]float64
+	if err := stmt.ColumnJSON(12, &a); err != nil {
+		t.Error(err)
+	} else if got := a["count"]; got != 5 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want 5", got)
 	}
 	stmt.Close()
 
@@ -247,7 +253,9 @@ func Benchmark_average(b *testing.B) {
 		b.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	if stmt.Step() {
+	if !stmt.Step() {
+		b.Fatal(stmt.Err())
+	} else {
 		want := float64(b.N) / 2
 		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(0); got != want {
 			b.Errorf("got %v, want %v", got, want)
@@ -281,7 +289,9 @@ func Benchmark_variance(b *testing.B) {
 		b.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	if stmt.Step() && b.N > 100 {
+	if !stmt.Step() {
+		b.Fatal(stmt.Err())
+	} else if b.N > 100 {
 		want := float64(b.N*b.N) / 12
 		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(0); want > (got-want)*float64(b.N) {
 			b.Errorf("got %v, want %v", got, want)

ext/unicode/unicode.go

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
 )
 
-// Set RegisterLike to false to not register a Unicode aware LIKE operator.
+// RegisterLike must be set to false to not register a Unicode aware LIKE operator.
 // Overriding the built-in LIKE operator disables the [LIKE optimization].
 //
 // [LIKE optimization]: https://sqlite.org/optoverview.html#the_like_optimization

ext/unicode/unicode_test.go

@@ -26,11 +26,10 @@ func TestRegister(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 		defer stmt.Close()
 
-		if stmt.Step() {
-			return stmt.ColumnText(0)
+		if !stmt.Step() {
+			t.Fatal(stmt.Err())
 		}
-		t.Fatal(stmt.Err())
-		return ""
+		return stmt.ColumnText(0)
 	}
 
 	Register(db)

ext/uuid/uuid.go

@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ func timestamp(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
 		switch u.Version() {
 		case 1, 2, 6, 7:
 			ctx.ResultTime(
-				time.Unix(u.Time().UnixTime()),
+				time.Unix(u.Time().UnixTime()).UTC(),
 				sqlite3.TimeFormatDefault)
 		}
 	}

ext/uuid/uuid_test.go

@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@ import (
 
 func Test_generate(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	tmp := memdb.TestDB(t)
+	dsn := memdb.TestDB(t)
 
-	db, err := driver.Open(tmp, Register)
+	db, err := driver.Open(dsn, Register)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -153,9 +153,9 @@ func Test_generate(t *testing.T) {
 
 func Test_convert(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	tmp := memdb.TestDB(t)
+	dsn := memdb.TestDB(t)
 
-	db, err := driver.Open(tmp, Register)
+	db, err := driver.Open(dsn, Register)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}

ext/zorder/zorder.go

@@ -19,9 +19,9 @@ func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) error {
 }
 
 func zorder(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
-	var x [63]int64
-	if len(arg) > len(x) {
-		ctx.ResultError(util.ErrorString("zorder: too many parameters"))
+	var x [24]int64
+	if n := len(arg); n < 2 || n > 24 {
+		ctx.ResultError(util.ErrorString("zorder: needs between 2 and 24 dimensions"))
 		return
 	}
 	for i := range arg {
@@ -29,17 +29,15 @@ func zorder(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
 	}
 
 	var z int64
-	if len(arg) > 0 {
-		for i := range x {
-			j := i % len(arg)
-			z |= (x[j] & 1) << i
-			x[j] >>= 1
-		}
+	for i := range 63 {
+		j := i % len(arg)
+		z |= (x[j] & 1) << i
+		x[j] >>= 1
 	}
 
 	for i := range arg {
 		if x[i] != 0 {
-			ctx.ResultError(util.ErrorString("zorder: parameter too large"))
+			ctx.ResultError(util.ErrorString("zorder: argument out of range"))
 			return
 		}
 	}
@@ -51,6 +49,19 @@ func unzorder(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
 	n := arg[1].Int64()
 	z := arg[0].Int64()
 
+	if n < 2 || n > 24 {
+		ctx.ResultError(util.ErrorString("unzorder: needs between 2 and 24 dimensions"))
+		return
+	}
+	if i < 0 || i >= n {
+		ctx.ResultError(util.ErrorString("unzorder: index out of range"))
+		return
+	}
+	if z < 0 {
+		ctx.ResultError(util.ErrorString("unzorder: argument out of range"))
+		return
+	}
+
 	var k int
 	var x int64
 	for j := i; j < 63; j += n {

ext/zorder/zorder_test.go

@@ -12,11 +12,11 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs/memdb"
 )
 
-func TestRegister_zorder(t *testing.T) {
+func Test_zorder(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	tmp := memdb.TestDB(t)
+	dsn := memdb.TestDB(t)
 
-	db, err := driver.Open(tmp, zorder.Register)
+	db, err := driver.Open(dsn, zorder.Register)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -57,11 +57,11 @@ func TestRegister_zorder(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestRegister_unzorder(t *testing.T) {
+func Test_unzorder(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	tmp := memdb.TestDB(t)
+	dsn := memdb.TestDB(t)
 
-	db, err := driver.Open(tmp, zorder.Register)
+	db, err := driver.Open(dsn, zorder.Register)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -85,11 +85,11 @@ func TestRegister_unzorder(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestRegister_error(t *testing.T) {
+func Test_zorder_error(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	tmp := memdb.TestDB(t)
+	dsn := memdb.TestDB(t)
 
-	db, err := driver.Open(tmp, zorder.Register)
+	db, err := driver.Open(dsn, zorder.Register)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ func TestRegister_error(t *testing.T) {
 
 	var buf strings.Builder
 	buf.WriteString("SELECT zorder(0")
-	for i := 1; i < 80; i++ {
+	for i := 1; i < 25; i++ {
 		buf.WriteByte(',')
 		buf.WriteString(strconv.Itoa(0))
 	}
@@ -113,3 +113,30 @@ func TestRegister_error(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Error("want error")
 	}
 }
+
+func Test_unzorder_error(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	dsn := memdb.TestDB(t)
+
+	db, err := driver.Open(dsn, zorder.Register)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	var got int64
+	err = db.QueryRow(`SELECT unzorder(-1, 2, 0)`).Scan(&got)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("want error")
+	}
+
+	err = db.QueryRow(`SELECT unzorder(0, 2, 2)`).Scan(&got)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("want error")
+	}
+
+	err = db.QueryRow(`SELECT unzorder(0, 25, 2)`).Scan(&got)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("want error")
+	}
+}

func.go

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ func (c *Conn) CreateCollation(name string, fn CollatingFunction) error {
 	return c.error(rc)
 }
 
-// Collating function is the type of a collation callback.
+// CollatingFunction is the type of a collation callback.
 // Implementations must not retain a or b.
 type CollatingFunction func(a, b []byte) int
 
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ func (c *Conn) CreateWindowFunction(name string, nArg int, flag FunctionFlag, fn
 			if win, ok := agg.(WindowFunction); ok {
 				return win
 			}
-			return windowFunc{agg, name}
+			return agg
 		}))
 	}
 	rc := res_t(c.call("sqlite3_create_window_function_go",
@@ -307,13 +307,3 @@ func (a *aggregateFunc) Close() error {
 	a.stop()
 	return nil
 }
-
-type windowFunc struct {
-	AggregateFunction
-	name string
-}
-
-func (w windowFunc) Inverse(ctx Context, arg ...Value) {
-	// Implementing inverse allows certain queries that don't really need it to succeed.
-	ctx.ResultError(util.ErrorString(w.name + ": may not be used as a window function"))
-}

go.mod

@@ -1,23 +1,22 @@
 module github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3
 
-go 1.23.0
-
-toolchain go1.24.0
+go 1.24.0
 
 require (
 	github.com/ncruces/julianday v1.0.0
-	github.com/ncruces/sort v0.1.5
-	github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.9.0
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.36.0
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.31.0
+	github.com/ncruces/sort v0.1.6
+	github.com/ncruces/wbt v1.0.0
+	github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.11.0
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.40.0
 )
 
 require (
 	github.com/dchest/siphash v1.2.3 // ext/bloom
 	github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0 // ext/uuid
 	github.com/psanford/httpreadat v0.1.0 // example
-	golang.org/x/sync v0.12.0 // test
-	golang.org/x/text v0.23.0 // ext/unicode
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.46.0 // vfs/adiantum vfs/xts
+	golang.org/x/sync v0.19.0 // test
+	golang.org/x/text v0.32.0 // ext/unicode
 	lukechampine.com/adiantum v1.1.1 // vfs/adiantum
 )
 

go.sum

@@ -4,19 +4,21 @@ github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0 h1:NIvaJDMOsjHA8n1jAhLSgzrAzy1Hgr+hNrb57e+94F0=
 github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0/go.mod h1:TIyPZe4MgqvfeYDBFedMoGGpEw/LqOeaOT+nhxU+yHo=
 github.com/ncruces/julianday v1.0.0 h1:fH0OKwa7NWvniGQtxdJRxAgkBMolni2BjDHaWTxqt7M=
 github.com/ncruces/julianday v1.0.0/go.mod h1:Dusn2KvZrrovOMJuOt0TNXL6tB7U2E8kvza5fFc9G7g=
-github.com/ncruces/sort v0.1.5 h1:fiFWXXAqKI8QckPf/6hu/bGFwcEPrirIOFaJqWujs4k=
-github.com/ncruces/sort v0.1.5/go.mod h1:obJToO4rYr6VWP0Uw5FYymgYGt3Br4RXcs/JdKaXAPk=
+github.com/ncruces/sort v0.1.6 h1:TrsJfGRH1AoWoaeB4/+gCohot9+cA6u/INaH5agIhNk=
+github.com/ncruces/sort v0.1.6/go.mod h1:obJToO4rYr6VWP0Uw5FYymgYGt3Br4RXcs/JdKaXAPk=
+github.com/ncruces/wbt v1.0.0 h1:8iBE7UPjTLUpzu3/FCRjAmuQjWzgxo10RGBgt3ooLSc=
+github.com/ncruces/wbt v1.0.0/go.mod h1:DtF92amvMxH69EmBFUSFWRDAlo6hOEfoNQnClxj9C/c=
 github.com/psanford/httpreadat v0.1.0 h1:VleW1HS2zO7/4c7c7zNl33fO6oYACSagjJIyMIwZLUE=
 github.com/psanford/httpreadat v0.1.0/go.mod h1:Zg7P+TlBm3bYbyHTKv/EdtSJZn3qwbPwpfZ/I9GKCRE=
-github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.9.0 h1:IcZ56OuxrtaEz8UYNRHBrUa9bYeX9oVY93KspZZBf/I=
-github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.9.0/go.mod h1:TSbcXCfFP0L2FGkRPxHphadXPjo1T6W+CseNNY7EkjM=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.36.0 h1:AnAEvhDddvBdpY+uR+MyHmuZzzNqXSe/GvuDeob5L34=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.36.0/go.mod h1:Y4J0ReaxCR1IMaabaSMugxJES1EpwhBHhv2bDHklZvc=
-golang.org/x/sync v0.12.0 h1:MHc5BpPuC30uJk597Ri8TV3CNZcTLu6B6z4lJy+g6Jw=
-golang.org/x/sync v0.12.0/go.mod h1:1dzgHSNfp02xaA81J2MS99Qcpr2w7fw1gpm99rleRqA=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.31.0 h1:ioabZlmFYtWhL+TRYpcnNlLwhyxaM9kWTDEmfnprqik=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.31.0/go.mod h1:BJP2sWEmIv4KK5OTEluFJCKSidICx8ciO85XgH3Ak8k=
-golang.org/x/text v0.23.0 h1:D71I7dUrlY+VX0gQShAThNGHFxZ13dGLBHQLVl1mJlY=
-golang.org/x/text v0.23.0/go.mod h1:/BLNzu4aZCJ1+kcD0DNRotWKage4q2rGVAg4o22unh4=
+github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.11.0 h1:+gKemEuKCTevU4d7ZTzlsvgd1uaToIDtlQlmNbwqYhA=
+github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.11.0/go.mod h1:eV28rsN8Q+xwjogd7f4/Pp4xFxO7uOGbLcD/LzB1wiU=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.46.0 h1:cKRW/pmt1pKAfetfu+RCEvjvZkA9RimPbh7bhFjGVBU=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.46.0/go.mod h1:Evb/oLKmMraqjZ2iQTwDwvCtJkczlDuTmdJXoZVzqU0=
+golang.org/x/sync v0.19.0 h1:vV+1eWNmZ5geRlYjzm2adRgW2/mcpevXNg50YZtPCE4=
+golang.org/x/sync v0.19.0/go.mod h1:9KTHXmSnoGruLpwFjVSX0lNNA75CykiMECbovNTZqGI=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.40.0 h1:DBZZqJ2Rkml6QMQsZywtnjnnGvHza6BTfYFWY9kjEWQ=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.40.0/go.mod h1:OgkHotnGiDImocRcuBABYBEXf8A9a87e/uXjp9XT3ks=
+golang.org/x/text v0.32.0 h1:ZD01bjUt1FQ9WJ0ClOL5vxgxOI/sVCNgX1YtKwcY0mU=
+golang.org/x/text v0.32.0/go.mod h1:o/rUWzghvpD5TXrTIBuJU77MTaN0ljMWE47kxGJQ7jY=
 lukechampine.com/adiantum v1.1.1 h1:4fp6gTxWCqpEbLy40ExiYDDED3oUNWx5cTqBCtPdZqA=
 lukechampine.com/adiantum v1.1.1/go.mod h1:LrAYVnTYLnUtE/yMp5bQr0HstAf060YUF8nM0B6+rUw=

gormlite/ddlmod.go

@@ -209,8 +209,12 @@ func (d *ddl) renameTable(dst, src string) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+func compileConstraintRegexp(name string) *regexp.Regexp {
+	return regexp.MustCompile("^(?i:CONSTRAINT)\\s+[\"`]?" + regexp.QuoteMeta(name) + "[\"`\\s]")
+}
+
 func (d *ddl) addConstraint(name string, sql string) {
-	reg := regexp.MustCompile("^CONSTRAINT [\"`]?" + regexp.QuoteMeta(name) + "[\"` ]")
+	reg := compileConstraintRegexp(name)
 
 	for i := 0; i < len(d.fields); i++ {
 		if reg.MatchString(d.fields[i]) {
@@ -223,7 +227,7 @@ func (d *ddl) addConstraint(name string, sql string) {
 }
 
 func (d *ddl) removeConstraint(name string) bool {
-	reg := regexp.MustCompile("^CONSTRAINT [\"`]?" + regexp.QuoteMeta(name) + "[\"` ]")
+	reg := compileConstraintRegexp(name)
 
 	for i := 0; i < len(d.fields); i++ {
 		if reg.MatchString(d.fields[i]) {
@@ -236,7 +240,7 @@ func (d *ddl) removeConstraint(name string) bool {
 
 //lint:ignore U1000 ignore unused code.
 func (d *ddl) hasConstraint(name string) bool {
-	reg := regexp.MustCompile("^CONSTRAINT [\"`]?" + regexp.QuoteMeta(name) + "[\"` ]")
+	reg := compileConstraintRegexp(name)
 
 	for _, f := range d.fields {
 		if reg.MatchString(f) {

gormlite/ddlmod_parse_all_columns.go

@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ func parseAllColumns(in string) ([]string, error) {
 			}
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("unexpected token: %s", string(s[i]))
 		case parseAllColumnsState_State_End:
-			break
+			continue // avoid SA4011
 		}
 	}
 	if state != parseAllColumnsState_State_End {

gormlite/ddlmod_test.go

@@ -313,6 +313,41 @@ func TestRemoveConstraint(t *testing.T) {
 			success: true,
 			expect:  []string{"`id` integer NOT NULL"},
 		},
+		{
+			name:    "lowercase",
+			fields:  []string{"`id` integer NOT NULL", "constraint `fk_users_notes` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users`(`id`))"},
+			cName:   "fk_users_notes",
+			success: true,
+			expect:  []string{"`id` integer NOT NULL"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "mixed_case",
+			fields:  []string{"`id` integer NOT NULL", "cOnsTraiNT `fk_users_notes` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users`(`id`))"},
+			cName:   "fk_users_notes",
+			success: true,
+			expect:  []string{"`id` integer NOT NULL"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "newline",
+			fields:  []string{"`id` integer NOT NULL", "CONSTRAINT `fk_users_notes`\nFOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users`(`id`))"},
+			cName:   "fk_users_notes",
+			success: true,
+			expect:  []string{"`id` integer NOT NULL"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "lots_of_newlines",
+			fields:  []string{"`id` integer NOT NULL", "constraint \n    fk_users_notes \n   FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users`(`id`))"},
+			cName:   "fk_users_notes",
+			success: true,
+			expect:  []string{"`id` integer NOT NULL"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "no_backtick",
+			fields:  []string{"`id` integer NOT NULL", "CONSTRAINT fk_users_notes FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users`(`id`))"},
+			cName:   "fk_users_notes",
+			success: true,
+			expect:  []string{"`id` integer NOT NULL"},
+		},
 		{
 			name:    "check",
 			fields:  []string{"CONSTRAINT `name_checker` CHECK (`name` <> 'thetadev')", "`id` integer NOT NULL"},

gormlite/go.mod

@@ -1,19 +1,17 @@
 module github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/gormlite
 
-go 1.23.0
-
-toolchain go1.24.0
+go 1.24.0
 
 require (
-	github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3 v0.24.0
-	gorm.io/gorm v1.25.12
+	github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3 v0.30.3
+	gorm.io/gorm v1.31.1
 )
 
 require (
 	github.com/jinzhu/inflection v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/jinzhu/now v1.1.5 // indirect
 	github.com/ncruces/julianday v1.0.0 // indirect
-	github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.9.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.30.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/text v0.22.0 // indirect
+	github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.11.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.39.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/text v0.32.0 // indirect
 )

gormlite/go.sum

@@ -2,15 +2,15 @@ github.com/jinzhu/inflection v1.0.0 h1:K317FqzuhWc8YvSVlFMCCUb36O/S9MCKRDI7QkRKD
 github.com/jinzhu/inflection v1.0.0/go.mod h1:h+uFLlag+Qp1Va5pdKtLDYj+kHp5pxUVkryuEj+Srlc=
 github.com/jinzhu/now v1.1.5 h1:/o9tlHleP7gOFmsnYNz3RGnqzefHA47wQpKrrdTIwXQ=
 github.com/jinzhu/now v1.1.5/go.mod h1:d3SSVoowX0Lcu0IBviAWJpolVfI5UJVZZ7cO71lE/z8=
-github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3 v0.24.0 h1:Z4jfmzu2NCd4SmyFwLT2OmF3EnTZbqwATvdiuNHNhLA=
-github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3 v0.24.0/go.mod h1:/Vs8ACZHjJ1SA6E9RZUn3EyB1OP3nDQ4z/ar+0fplTQ=
+github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3 v0.30.3 h1:X/CgWW9GzmIAkEPrifhKqf0cC15DuOVxAJaHFTTAURQ=
+github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3 v0.30.3/go.mod h1:AxKu9sRxkludimFocbktlY6LiYSkxiI5gTA8r+os/Nw=
 github.com/ncruces/julianday v1.0.0 h1:fH0OKwa7NWvniGQtxdJRxAgkBMolni2BjDHaWTxqt7M=
 github.com/ncruces/julianday v1.0.0/go.mod h1:Dusn2KvZrrovOMJuOt0TNXL6tB7U2E8kvza5fFc9G7g=
-github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.9.0 h1:IcZ56OuxrtaEz8UYNRHBrUa9bYeX9oVY93KspZZBf/I=
-github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.9.0/go.mod h1:TSbcXCfFP0L2FGkRPxHphadXPjo1T6W+CseNNY7EkjM=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.30.0 h1:QjkSwP/36a20jFYWkSue1YwXzLmsV5Gfq7Eiy72C1uc=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.30.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
-golang.org/x/text v0.22.0 h1:bofq7m3/HAFvbF51jz3Q9wLg3jkvSPuiZu/pD1XwgtM=
-golang.org/x/text v0.22.0/go.mod h1:YRoo4H8PVmsu+E3Ou7cqLVH8oXWIHVoX0jqUWALQhfY=
-gorm.io/gorm v1.25.12 h1:I0u8i2hWQItBq1WfE0o2+WuL9+8L21K9e2HHSTE/0f8=
-gorm.io/gorm v1.25.12/go.mod h1:xh7N7RHfYlNc5EmcI/El95gXusucDrQnHXe0+CgWcLQ=
+github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.11.0 h1:+gKemEuKCTevU4d7ZTzlsvgd1uaToIDtlQlmNbwqYhA=
+github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.11.0/go.mod h1:eV28rsN8Q+xwjogd7f4/Pp4xFxO7uOGbLcD/LzB1wiU=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.39.0 h1:CvCKL8MeisomCi6qNZ+wbb0DN9E5AATixKsvNtMoMFk=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.39.0/go.mod h1:OgkHotnGiDImocRcuBABYBEXf8A9a87e/uXjp9XT3ks=
+golang.org/x/text v0.32.0 h1:ZD01bjUt1FQ9WJ0ClOL5vxgxOI/sVCNgX1YtKwcY0mU=
+golang.org/x/text v0.32.0/go.mod h1:o/rUWzghvpD5TXrTIBuJU77MTaN0ljMWE47kxGJQ7jY=
+gorm.io/gorm v1.31.1 h1:7CA8FTFz/gRfgqgpeKIBcervUn3xSyPUmr6B2WXJ7kg=
+gorm.io/gorm v1.31.1/go.mod h1:XyQVbO2k6YkOis7C2437jSit3SsDK72s7n7rsSHd+Gs=

gormlite/migrator.go

@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ func (m _Migrator) GetIndexes(value interface{}) ([]gorm.Index, error) {
 	indexes := make([]gorm.Index, 0)
 	err := m.RunWithValue(value, func(stmt *gorm.Statement) error {
 		rst := make([]*_Index, 0)
-		if err := m.DB.Debug().Raw("SELECT * FROM PRAGMA_index_list(?)", stmt.Table).Scan(&rst).Error; err != nil { // alias `PRAGMA index_list(?)`
+		if err := m.DB.Raw("SELECT * FROM PRAGMA_index_list(?)", stmt.Table).Scan(&rst).Error; err != nil { // alias `PRAGMA index_list(?)`
 			return err
 		}
 		for _, index := range rst {

gormlite/sqlite.go

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-// Package gormlite provides a GORM driver for SQLite.
 package gormlite
 
 import (
@@ -52,7 +51,9 @@ func (dialector _Dialector) Initialize(db *gorm.DB) (err error) {
 	})
 
 	for k, v := range dialector.ClauseBuilders() {
-		db.ClauseBuilders[k] = v
+		if _, ok := db.ClauseBuilders[k]; !ok {
+			db.ClauseBuilders[k] = v
+		}
 	}
 	return
 }

gormlite/sqlite_test.go

@@ -14,10 +14,10 @@ import (
 )
 
 func TestDialector(t *testing.T) {
-	tmp := memdb.TestDB(t)
+	dsn := memdb.TestDB(t)
 
 	// Custom connection with a custom function called "my_custom_function".
-	db, err := driver.Open(tmp, func(conn *sqlite3.Conn) error {
+	db, err := driver.Open(dsn, func(conn *sqlite3.Conn) error {
 		return conn.CreateFunction("my_custom_function", 0, sqlite3.DETERMINISTIC,
 			func(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
 				ctx.ResultText("my-result")
@@ -36,14 +36,14 @@ func TestDialector(t *testing.T) {
 	}{
 		{
 			description:  "Default driver",
-			dialector:    Open(tmp),
+			dialector:    Open(dsn),
 			openSuccess:  true,
 			query:        "SELECT 1",
 			querySuccess: true,
 		},
 		{
 			description:  "Custom function",
-			dialector:    Open(tmp),
+			dialector:    Open(dsn),
 			openSuccess:  true,
 			query:        "SELECT my_custom_function()",
 			querySuccess: false,

gormlite/test.sh

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ rm -rf gorm/ tests/
 go work use -r .
 go test
 
-git clone --branch v1.25.12 --filter=blob:none https://github.com/go-gorm/gorm.git
+git clone --branch v1.31.1 --filter=blob:none https://github.com/go-gorm/gorm.git
 mv gorm/tests tests
 rm -rf gorm/
 

gormlite/tests.patch

@@ -7,13 +7,14 @@ diff --git a/tests/.gitignore b/tests/.gitignore
 diff --git a/tests/tests_test.go b/tests/tests_test.go
 --- a/tests/tests_test.go
 +++ b/tests/tests_test.go
-@@ -7,9 +7,11 @@ import (
+@@ -8,9 +8,11 @@ import (
  	"path/filepath"
  	"time"
  
 +	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed"
 +	sqlite "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/gormlite"
 +
+ 	"gorm.io/driver/gaussdb"
  	"gorm.io/driver/mysql"
  	"gorm.io/driver/postgres"
 -	"gorm.io/driver/sqlite"

gormlite/update.sh

@@ -3,13 +3,12 @@ set -euo pipefail
 
 cd -P -- "$(dirname -- "$0")"
 
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.5.7/ddlmod.go"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.5.7/ddlmod_test.go"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.5.7/ddlmod_parse_all_columns.go"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.5.7/ddlmod_parse_all_columns_test.go"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.5.7/error_translator.go"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.5.7/migrator.go"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.5.7/sqlite.go"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.5.7/sqlite_test.go"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.5.7/sqlite_test.go"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.6.0/ddlmod.go"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.6.0/ddlmod_test.go"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.6.0/ddlmod_parse_all_columns.go"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.6.0/ddlmod_parse_all_columns_test.go"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.6.0/error_translator.go"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.6.0/migrator.go"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.6.0/sqlite.go"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.6.0/sqlite_test.go"
 curl -#L "https://github.com/glebarez/sqlite/raw/v1.11.0/sqlite_error_translator_test.go" > error_translator_test.go

internal/alloc/alloc_unix.go

@@ -5,28 +5,36 @@ package alloc
 import (
 	"math"
 
-	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/experimental"
 	"golang.org/x/sys/unix"
+
+	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/experimental"
 )
 
-func NewMemory(_, max uint64) experimental.LinearMemory {
+func NewMemory(cap, max uint64) experimental.LinearMemory {
 	// Round up to the page size.
 	rnd := uint64(unix.Getpagesize() - 1)
-	max = (max + rnd) &^ rnd
+	res := (max + rnd) &^ rnd
 
-	if max > math.MaxInt {
-		// This ensures int(max) overflows to a negative value,
+	if res > math.MaxInt {
+		// This ensures int(res) overflows to a negative value,
 		// and unix.Mmap returns EINVAL.
-		max = math.MaxUint64
+		res = math.MaxUint64
 	}
 
-	// Reserve max bytes of address space, to ensure we won't need to move it.
+	com := res
+	prot := unix.PROT_READ | unix.PROT_WRITE
+	if cap < max { // Commit memory only if cap=max.
+		com = 0
+		prot = unix.PROT_NONE
+	}
+
+	// Reserve res bytes of address space, to ensure we won't need to move it.
 	// A protected, private, anonymous mapping should not commit memory.
-	b, err := unix.Mmap(-1, 0, int(max), unix.PROT_NONE, unix.MAP_PRIVATE|unix.MAP_ANON)
+	b, err := unix.Mmap(-1, 0, int(res), prot, unix.MAP_PRIVATE|unix.MAP_ANON)
 	if err != nil {
 		panic(err)
 	}
-	return &mmappedMemory{buf: b[:0]}
+	return &mmappedMemory{buf: b[:com]}
 }
 
 // The slice covers the entire mmapped memory:
@@ -40,9 +48,11 @@ func (m *mmappedMemory) Reallocate(size uint64) []byte {
 	com := uint64(len(m.buf))
 	res := uint64(cap(m.buf))
 	if com < size && size <= res {
-		// Round up to the page size.
+		// Grow geometrically, round up to the page size.
 		rnd := uint64(unix.Getpagesize() - 1)
-		new := (size + rnd) &^ rnd
+		new := com + com>>3
+		new = min(max(size, new), res)
+		new = (new + rnd) &^ rnd
 
 		// Commit additional memory up to new bytes.
 		err := unix.Mprotect(m.buf[com:new], unix.PROT_READ|unix.PROT_WRITE)
@@ -50,8 +60,7 @@ func (m *mmappedMemory) Reallocate(size uint64) []byte {
 			return nil
 		}
 
-		// Update committed memory.
-		m.buf = m.buf[:new]
+		m.buf = m.buf[:new] // Update committed memory.
 	}
 	// Limit returned capacity because bytes beyond
 	// len(m.buf) have not yet been committed.

internal/alloc/alloc_windows.go

@@ -5,24 +5,31 @@ import (
 	"reflect"
 	"unsafe"
 
-	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/experimental"
 	"golang.org/x/sys/windows"
+
+	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/experimental"
 )
 
-func NewMemory(_, max uint64) experimental.LinearMemory {
+func NewMemory(cap, max uint64) experimental.LinearMemory {
 	// Round up to the page size.
 	rnd := uint64(windows.Getpagesize() - 1)
-	max = (max + rnd) &^ rnd
+	res := (max + rnd) &^ rnd
 
-	if max > math.MaxInt {
-		// This ensures uintptr(max) overflows to a large value,
+	if res > math.MaxInt {
+		// This ensures uintptr(res) overflows to a large value,
 		// and windows.VirtualAlloc returns an error.
-		max = math.MaxUint64
+		res = math.MaxUint64
 	}
 
-	// Reserve max bytes of address space, to ensure we won't need to move it.
-	// This does not commit memory.
-	r, err := windows.VirtualAlloc(0, uintptr(max), windows.MEM_RESERVE, windows.PAGE_READWRITE)
+	com := res
+	kind := windows.MEM_COMMIT
+	if cap < max { // Commit memory only if cap=max.
+		com = 0
+		kind = windows.MEM_RESERVE
+	}
+
+	// Reserve res bytes of address space, to ensure we won't need to move it.
+	r, err := windows.VirtualAlloc(0, uintptr(res), uint32(kind), windows.PAGE_READWRITE)
 	if err != nil {
 		panic(err)
 	}
@@ -30,8 +37,9 @@ func NewMemory(_, max uint64) experimental.LinearMemory {
 	mem := virtualMemory{addr: r}
 	// SliceHeader, although deprecated, avoids a go vet warning.
 	sh := (*reflect.SliceHeader)(unsafe.Pointer(&mem.buf))
-	sh.Cap = int(max)
 	sh.Data = r
+	sh.Len = int(com)
+	sh.Cap = int(res)
 	return &mem
 }
 
@@ -47,9 +55,11 @@ func (m *virtualMemory) Reallocate(size uint64) []byte {
 	com := uint64(len(m.buf))
 	res := uint64(cap(m.buf))
 	if com < size && size <= res {
-		// Round up to the page size.
+		// Grow geometrically, round up to the page size.
 		rnd := uint64(windows.Getpagesize() - 1)
-		new := (size + rnd) &^ rnd
+		new := com + com>>3
+		new = min(max(size, new), res)
+		new = (new + rnd) &^ rnd
 
 		// Commit additional memory up to new bytes.
 		_, err := windows.VirtualAlloc(m.addr, uintptr(new), windows.MEM_COMMIT, windows.PAGE_READWRITE)
@@ -57,8 +67,7 @@ func (m *virtualMemory) Reallocate(size uint64) []byte {
 			return nil
 		}
 
-		// Update committed memory.
-		m.buf = m.buf[:new]
+		m.buf = m.buf[:new] // Update committed memory.
 	}
 	// Limit returned capacity because bytes beyond
 	// len(m.buf) have not yet been committed.

internal/util/const.go

@@ -39,6 +39,9 @@ const (
 	ERROR_MISSING_COLLSEQ   = ERROR | (1 << 8)
 	ERROR_RETRY             = ERROR | (2 << 8)
 	ERROR_SNAPSHOT          = ERROR | (3 << 8)
+	ERROR_RESERVESIZE       = ERROR | (4 << 8)
+	ERROR_KEY               = ERROR | (5 << 8)
+	ERROR_UNABLE            = ERROR | (6 << 8)
 	IOERR_READ              = IOERR | (1 << 8)
 	IOERR_SHORT_READ        = IOERR | (2 << 8)
 	IOERR_WRITE             = IOERR | (3 << 8)
@@ -73,6 +76,8 @@ const (
 	IOERR_DATA              = IOERR | (32 << 8)
 	IOERR_CORRUPTFS         = IOERR | (33 << 8)
 	IOERR_IN_PAGE           = IOERR | (34 << 8)
+	IOERR_BADKEY            = IOERR | (35 << 8)
+	IOERR_CODEC             = IOERR | (36 << 8)
 	LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE      = LOCKED | (1 << 8)
 	LOCKED_VTAB             = LOCKED | (2 << 8)
 	BUSY_RECOVERY           = BUSY | (1 << 8)

internal/util/error.go

@@ -33,8 +33,12 @@ func AssertErr() ErrorString {
 	return ErrorString(msg)
 }
 
-func ErrorCodeString(rc uint32) string {
-	switch rc {
+type errorCode interface {
+	~uint8 | ~uint16 | ~uint32 | ~int32
+}
+
+func ErrorCodeString[T errorCode](rc T) string {
+	switch uint32(rc) {
 	case ABORT_ROLLBACK:
 		return "sqlite3: abort due to ROLLBACK"
 	case ROW:
@@ -42,7 +46,7 @@ func ErrorCodeString(rc uint32) string {
 	case DONE:
 		return "sqlite3: no more rows available"
 	}
-	switch rc & 0xff {
+	switch uint8(rc) {
 	case OK:
 		return "sqlite3: not an error"
 	case ERROR:

internal/util/func.go

@@ -20,20 +20,6 @@ func ExportFuncVI[T0 i32](mod wazero.HostModuleBuilder, name string, fn func(con
 		Export(name)
 }
 
-type funcVII[T0, T1 i32] func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1)
-
-func (fn funcVII[T0, T1]) Call(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, stack []uint64) {
-	_ = stack[1] // prevent bounds check on every slice access
-	fn(ctx, mod, T0(stack[0]), T1(stack[1]))
-}
-
-func ExportFuncVII[T0, T1 i32](mod wazero.HostModuleBuilder, name string, fn func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1)) {
-	mod.NewFunctionBuilder().
-		WithGoModuleFunction(funcVII[T0, T1](fn),
-			[]api.ValueType{api.ValueTypeI32, api.ValueTypeI32}, nil).
-		Export(name)
-}
-
 type funcVIII[T0, T1, T2 i32] func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1, T2)
 
 func (fn funcVIII[T0, T1, T2]) Call(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, stack []uint64) {

internal/util/json.go

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+//go:build !goexperiment.jsonv2
+
 package util
 
 import (

internal/util/json_v2.go

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+//go:build goexperiment.jsonv2
+
+package util
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json/v2"
+	"math"
+	"strconv"
+	"time"
+	"unsafe"
+)
+
+type JSON struct{ Value any }
+
+func (j JSON) Scan(value any) error {
+	var buf []byte
+
+	switch v := value.(type) {
+	case []byte:
+		buf = v
+	case string:
+		buf = unsafe.Slice(unsafe.StringData(v), len(v))
+	case int64:
+		buf = strconv.AppendInt(nil, v, 10)
+	case float64:
+		buf = AppendNumber(nil, v)
+	case time.Time:
+		buf = append(buf, '"')
+		buf = v.AppendFormat(buf, time.RFC3339Nano)
+		buf = append(buf, '"')
+	case nil:
+		buf = []byte("null")
+	default:
+		panic(AssertErr())
+	}
+
+	return json.Unmarshal(buf, j.Value)
+}
+
+func AppendNumber(dst []byte, f float64) []byte {
+	switch {
+	case math.IsNaN(f):
+		dst = append(dst, "null"...)
+	case math.IsInf(f, 1):
+		dst = append(dst, "9.0e999"...)
+	case math.IsInf(f, -1):
+		dst = append(dst, "-9.0e999"...)
+	default:
+		return strconv.AppendFloat(dst, f, 'g', -1, 64)
+	}
+	return dst
+}

internal/util/mmap_unix.go

@@ -7,8 +7,9 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"unsafe"
 
-	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/api"
 	"golang.org/x/sys/unix"
+
+	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/api"
 )
 
 type mmapState struct {

internal/util/mmap_windows.go

@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
 package util
 
 import (
-	"context"
 	"os"
 	"reflect"
 	"unsafe"
 
-	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/api"
 	"golang.org/x/sys/windows"
 )
 
@@ -16,14 +14,21 @@ type MappedRegion struct {
 	addr uintptr
 }
 
-func MapRegion(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, f *os.File, offset int64, size int32) (*MappedRegion, error) {
-	h, err := windows.CreateFileMapping(windows.Handle(f.Fd()), nil, windows.PAGE_READWRITE, 0, 0, nil)
+func MapRegion(f *os.File, offset int64, size int32) (*MappedRegion, error) {
+	maxSize := offset + int64(size)
+	h, err := windows.CreateFileMapping(
+		windows.Handle(f.Fd()), nil, windows.PAGE_READWRITE,
+		uint32(maxSize>>32), uint32(maxSize), nil)
 	if h == 0 {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
+	const allocationGranularity = 64 * 1024
+	align := offset % allocationGranularity
+	offset -= align
+
 	a, err := windows.MapViewOfFile(h, windows.FILE_MAP_WRITE,
-		uint32(offset>>32), uint32(offset), uintptr(size))
+		uint32(offset>>32), uint32(offset), uintptr(size)+uintptr(align))
 	if a == 0 {
 		windows.CloseHandle(h)
 		return nil, err
@@ -32,9 +37,9 @@ func MapRegion(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, f *os.File, offset int64, si
 	ret := &MappedRegion{Handle: h, addr: a}
 	// SliceHeader, although deprecated, avoids a go vet warning.
 	sh := (*reflect.SliceHeader)(unsafe.Pointer(&ret.Data))
+	sh.Data = a + uintptr(align)
 	sh.Len = int(size)
 	sh.Cap = int(size)
-	sh.Data = a
 	return ret, nil
 }
 

internal/util/module.go

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ type ConnKey struct{}
 
 type moduleKey struct{}
 type moduleState struct {
+	sysError error
 	mmapState
 	handleState
 }
@@ -23,3 +24,20 @@ func NewContext(ctx context.Context) context.Context {
 	ctx = context.WithValue(ctx, moduleKey{}, state)
 	return ctx
 }
+
+func GetSystemError(ctx context.Context) error {
+	// Test needed to simplify testing.
+	s, ok := ctx.Value(moduleKey{}).(*moduleState)
+	if ok {
+		return s.sysError
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func SetSystemError(ctx context.Context, err error) {
+	// Test needed to simplify testing.
+	s, ok := ctx.Value(moduleKey{}).(*moduleState)
+	if ok {
+		s.sysError = err
+	}
+}

internal/util/pointer.go

@@ -1,11 +1,3 @@
 package util
 
-type Pointer[T any] struct{ Value T }
-
-func (p Pointer[T]) unwrap() any { return p.Value }
-
-type PointerUnwrap interface{ unwrap() any }
-
-func UnwrapPointer(p PointerUnwrap) any {
-	return p.unwrap()
-}
+type Pointer struct{ Value any }

internal/util/pointer_test.go

@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-package util
-
-import (
-	"math"
-	"testing"
-)
-
-func TestUnwrapPointer(t *testing.T) {
-	p := Pointer[float64]{Value: math.Pi}
-	if got := UnwrapPointer(p); got != math.Pi {
-		t.Errorf("want π, got %v", got)
-	}
-}

json.go

@@ -1,6 +1,13 @@
+//go:build !goexperiment.jsonv2
+
 package sqlite3
 
-import "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"strconv"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
+)
 
 // JSON returns a value that can be used as an argument to
 // [database/sql.DB.Exec], [database/sql.Row.Scan] and similar methods to
@@ -10,3 +17,77 @@ import "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
 func JSON(value any) any {
 	return util.JSON{Value: value}
 }
+
+// ResultJSON sets the result of the function to the JSON encoding of value.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/result_blob.html
+func (ctx Context) ResultJSON(value any) {
+	err := json.NewEncoder(callbackWriter(func(p []byte) (int, error) {
+		ctx.ResultRawText(p[:len(p)-1]) // remove the newline
+		return 0, nil
+	})).Encode(value)
+
+	if err != nil {
+		ctx.ResultError(err)
+		return // notest
+	}
+}
+
+// BindJSON binds the JSON encoding of value to the prepared statement.
+// The leftmost SQL parameter has an index of 1.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/bind_blob.html
+func (s *Stmt) BindJSON(param int, value any) error {
+	return json.NewEncoder(callbackWriter(func(p []byte) (int, error) {
+		return 0, s.BindRawText(param, p[:len(p)-1]) // remove the newline
+	})).Encode(value)
+}
+
+// ColumnJSON parses the JSON-encoded value of the result column
+// and stores it in the value pointed to by ptr.
+// The leftmost column of the result set has the index 0.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/column_blob.html
+func (s *Stmt) ColumnJSON(col int, ptr any) error {
+	var data []byte
+	switch s.ColumnType(col) {
+	case NULL:
+		data = []byte("null")
+	case TEXT:
+		data = s.ColumnRawText(col)
+	case BLOB:
+		data = s.ColumnRawBlob(col)
+	case INTEGER:
+		data = strconv.AppendInt(nil, s.ColumnInt64(col), 10)
+	case FLOAT:
+		data = util.AppendNumber(nil, s.ColumnFloat(col))
+	default:
+		panic(util.AssertErr())
+	}
+	return json.Unmarshal(data, ptr)
+}
+
+// JSON parses a JSON-encoded value
+// and stores the result in the value pointed to by ptr.
+func (v Value) JSON(ptr any) error {
+	var data []byte
+	switch v.Type() {
+	case NULL:
+		data = []byte("null")
+	case TEXT:
+		data = v.RawText()
+	case BLOB:
+		data = v.RawBlob()
+	case INTEGER:
+		data = strconv.AppendInt(nil, v.Int64(), 10)
+	case FLOAT:
+		data = util.AppendNumber(nil, v.Float())
+	default:
+		panic(util.AssertErr())
+	}
+	return json.Unmarshal(data, ptr)
+}
+
+type callbackWriter func(p []byte) (int, error)
+
+func (fn callbackWriter) Write(p []byte) (int, error) { return fn(p) }

json_v2.go

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+//go:build goexperiment.jsonv2
+
+package sqlite3
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json/v2"
+	"strconv"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
+)
+
+// JSON returns a value that can be used as an argument to
+// [database/sql.DB.Exec], [database/sql.Row.Scan] and similar methods to
+// store value as JSON, or decode JSON into value.
+// JSON should NOT be used with [Stmt.BindJSON], [Stmt.ColumnJSON],
+// [Value.JSON], or [Context.ResultJSON].
+func JSON(value any) any {
+	return util.JSON{Value: value}
+}
+
+// ResultJSON sets the result of the function to the JSON encoding of value.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/result_blob.html
+func (ctx Context) ResultJSON(value any) {
+	w := bytesWriter{sqlite: ctx.c.sqlite}
+	if err := json.MarshalWrite(&w, value); err != nil {
+		ctx.c.free(w.ptr)
+		ctx.ResultError(err)
+		return // notest
+	}
+	ctx.c.call("sqlite3_result_text_go",
+		stk_t(ctx.handle), stk_t(w.ptr), stk_t(len(w.buf)))
+}
+
+// BindJSON binds the JSON encoding of value to the prepared statement.
+// The leftmost SQL parameter has an index of 1.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/bind_blob.html
+func (s *Stmt) BindJSON(param int, value any) error {
+	w := bytesWriter{sqlite: s.c.sqlite}
+	if err := json.MarshalWrite(&w, value); err != nil {
+		s.c.free(w.ptr)
+		return err
+	}
+	rc := res_t(s.c.call("sqlite3_bind_text_go",
+		stk_t(s.handle), stk_t(param),
+		stk_t(w.ptr), stk_t(len(w.buf))))
+	return s.c.error(rc)
+}
+
+// ColumnJSON parses the JSON-encoded value of the result column
+// and stores it in the value pointed to by ptr.
+// The leftmost column of the result set has the index 0.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/column_blob.html
+func (s *Stmt) ColumnJSON(col int, ptr any) error {
+	var data []byte
+	switch s.ColumnType(col) {
+	case NULL:
+		data = []byte("null")
+	case TEXT:
+		data = s.ColumnRawText(col)
+	case BLOB:
+		data = s.ColumnRawBlob(col)
+	case INTEGER:
+		data = strconv.AppendInt(nil, s.ColumnInt64(col), 10)
+	case FLOAT:
+		data = util.AppendNumber(nil, s.ColumnFloat(col))
+	default:
+		panic(util.AssertErr())
+	}
+	return json.Unmarshal(data, ptr)
+}
+
+// JSON parses a JSON-encoded value
+// and stores the result in the value pointed to by ptr.
+func (v Value) JSON(ptr any) error {
+	var data []byte
+	switch v.Type() {
+	case NULL:
+		data = []byte("null")
+	case TEXT:
+		data = v.RawText()
+	case BLOB:
+		data = v.RawBlob()
+	case INTEGER:
+		data = strconv.AppendInt(nil, v.Int64(), 10)
+	case FLOAT:
+		data = util.AppendNumber(nil, v.Float())
+	default:
+		panic(util.AssertErr())
+	}
+	return json.Unmarshal(data, ptr)
+}
+
+type bytesWriter struct {
+	*sqlite
+	buf []byte
+	ptr ptr_t
+}
+
+func (b *bytesWriter) Write(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
+	if len(p) > cap(b.buf)-len(b.buf) {
+		want := int64(len(b.buf)) + int64(len(p))
+		grow := int64(cap(b.buf))
+		grow += grow >> 1
+		want = max(want, grow)
+		b.ptr = b.realloc(b.ptr, want)
+		b.buf = util.View(b.mod, b.ptr, want)[:len(b.buf)]
+	}
+	b.buf = append(b.buf, p...)
+	return len(p), nil
+}

pointer.go

@@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ import "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
 // [Value.Pointer], or [Context.ResultPointer].
 //
 // https://sqlite.org/bindptr.html
-func Pointer[T any](value T) any {
-	return util.Pointer[T]{Value: value}
+func Pointer(value any) any {
+	return util.Pointer{Value: value}
 }

registry.go

@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ var (
 // https://sqlite.org/c3ref/auto_extension.html
 func AutoExtension(entryPoint func(*Conn) error) {
 	extRegistryMtx.Lock()
-	defer extRegistryMtx.Unlock()
 	extRegistry = append(extRegistry, entryPoint)
+	extRegistryMtx.Unlock()
 }
 
 func initExtensions(c *Conn) error {

sqlite.go

@@ -5,11 +5,14 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"math/bits"
 	"os"
+	"runtime"
+	"strings"
 	"sync"
 	"unsafe"
 
 	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero"
 	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/api"
+	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/experimental"
 
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs"
@@ -78,7 +81,9 @@ func compileSQLite() {
 		return
 	}
 
-	instance.compiled, instance.err = instance.runtime.CompileModule(ctx, bin)
+	instance.compiled, instance.err = instance.runtime.CompileModule(
+		experimental.WithCompilationWorkers(ctx, runtime.GOMAXPROCS(0)/4),
+		bin)
 }
 
 type sqlite struct {
@@ -124,14 +129,14 @@ func (sqlt *sqlite) error(rc res_t, handle ptr_t, sql ...string) error {
 		panic(util.OOMErr)
 	}
 
+	var msg, query string
 	if handle != 0 {
-		var msg, query string
 		if ptr := ptr_t(sqlt.call("sqlite3_errmsg", stk_t(handle))); ptr != 0 {
 			msg = util.ReadString(sqlt.mod, ptr, _MAX_LENGTH)
-			switch {
-			case msg == "not an error":
-				msg = ""
-			case msg == util.ErrorCodeString(uint32(rc))[len("sqlite3: "):]:
+			msg = strings.TrimPrefix(msg, "sqlite3: ")
+			msg = strings.TrimPrefix(msg, util.ErrorCodeString(rc)[len("sqlite3: "):])
+			msg = strings.TrimPrefix(msg, ": ")
+			if msg == "" || msg == "not an error" {
 				msg = ""
 			}
 		}
@@ -141,10 +146,16 @@ func (sqlt *sqlite) error(rc res_t, handle ptr_t, sql ...string) error {
 				query = sql[0][i:]
 			}
 		}
+	}
 
-		if msg != "" || query != "" {
-			return &Error{code: rc, msg: msg, sql: query}
-		}
+	var sys error
+	switch ErrorCode(rc) {
+	case CANTOPEN, IOERR:
+		sys = util.GetSystemError(sqlt.ctx)
+	}
+
+	if sys != nil || msg != "" || query != "" {
+		return &Error{code: rc, sys: sys, msg: msg, sql: query}
 	}
 	return xErrorCode(rc)
 }

sqlite3/busy_timeout.patch

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 # handle, and interrupt, sqlite3_busy_timeout.
 --- sqlite3.c.orig
 +++ sqlite3.c
-@@ -183355,7 +183355,7 @@
+@@ -186667,7 +186667,7 @@
    if( !sqlite3SafetyCheckOk(db) ) return SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT;
  #endif
    if( ms>0 ){
@@ -10,4 +10,4 @@
 +    sqlite3_busy_handler(db, (int(*)(void*,int))sqliteBusyCallback,
                               (void*)db);
      db->busyTimeout = ms;
-   }else{
+ #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_SETLK_TIMEOUT

sqlite3/download.sh

@@ -3,46 +3,54 @@ set -euo pipefail
 
 cd -P -- "$(dirname -- "$0")"
 
-curl -#OL "https://sqlite.org/2025/sqlite-amalgamation-3490100.zip"
-unzip -d . sqlite-amalgamation-*.zip
-mv sqlite-amalgamation-*/sqlite3.c .
-mv sqlite-amalgamation-*/sqlite3.h .
-mv sqlite-amalgamation-*/sqlite3ext.h .
-rm -rf sqlite-amalgamation-*
+curl -#OL "https://sqlite.org/2025/sqlite-autoconf-3510100.tar.gz"
 
-# To test a snapshot:
+# Verify download.
+if hash=$(openssl dgst -sha3-256 sqlite-autoconf-*.tar.gz); then
+  if ! [[ $hash =~ 9b2b1e73f577def1d5b75c5541555a7f42e6e073ad19f7a9118478389c9bbd9b ]]; then
+    echo $hash
+    exit 1
+  fi
+fi 2> /dev/null
+
+tar xzf sqlite-autoconf-*.tar.gz
+
+# To test a snapshot instead:
 # curl -# https://sqlite.org/snapshot/sqlite-snapshot-202410081727.tar.gz | tar xz
-# mv sqlite-snapshot-*/sqlite3.c .
-# mv sqlite-snapshot-*/sqlite3.h .
-# mv sqlite-snapshot-*/sqlite3ext.h .
-# rm -rf sqlite-snapshot-*
+
+mv sqlite-*/sqlite3.c .
+mv sqlite-*/sqlite3.h .
+mv sqlite-*/sqlite3ext.h .
+rm -r sqlite-*
+
+GITHUB_TAG="https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.51.1"
 
 mkdir -p ext/
 cd ext/
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.49.1/ext/misc/anycollseq.c"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.49.1/ext/misc/base64.c"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.49.1/ext/misc/decimal.c"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.49.1/ext/misc/ieee754.c"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.49.1/ext/misc/regexp.c"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.49.1/ext/misc/series.c"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.49.1/ext/misc/spellfix.c"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.49.1/ext/misc/uint.c"
+curl -#OL "$GITHUB_TAG/ext/misc/anycollseq.c"
+curl -#OL "$GITHUB_TAG/ext/misc/base64.c"
+curl -#OL "$GITHUB_TAG/ext/misc/decimal.c"
+curl -#OL "$GITHUB_TAG/ext/misc/ieee754.c"
+curl -#OL "$GITHUB_TAG/ext/misc/regexp.c"
+curl -#OL "$GITHUB_TAG/ext/misc/series.c"
+curl -#OL "$GITHUB_TAG/ext/misc/spellfix.c"
+curl -#OL "$GITHUB_TAG/ext/misc/uint.c"
 cd ~-
 
 cd ../vfs/tests/mptest/testdata/
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.49.1/mptest/config01.test"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.49.1/mptest/config02.test"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.49.1/mptest/crash01.test"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.49.1/mptest/crash02.subtest"
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.49.1/mptest/multiwrite01.test"
+curl -#OL "$GITHUB_TAG/mptest/config01.test"
+curl -#OL "$GITHUB_TAG/mptest/config02.test"
+curl -#OL "$GITHUB_TAG/mptest/crash01.test"
+curl -#OL "$GITHUB_TAG/mptest/crash02.subtest"
+curl -#OL "$GITHUB_TAG/mptest/multiwrite01.test"
 cd ~-
 
 cd ../vfs/tests/mptest/wasm/
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.49.1/mptest/mptest.c"
+curl -#OL "$GITHUB_TAG/mptest/mptest.c"
 cd ~-
 
 cd ../vfs/tests/speedtest1/wasm/
-curl -#OL "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/raw/version-3.49.1/test/speedtest1.c"
+curl -#OL "$GITHUB_TAG/test/speedtest1.c"
 cd ~-
 
-cat *.patch | patch -p0 --no-backup-if-mismatch
+cat *.patch | patch -p0 --no-backup-if-mismatch

sqlite3/libc/benchmark.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -euo pipefail
+
+cd -P -- "$(dirname -- "$0")"
+
+touch empty.S
+./build.sh empty.S
+go test -bench=.
+rm -f empty.S
+
+./build.sh
+go test -bench=.

sqlite3/libc/build.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -euo pipefail
+
+cd -P -- "$(dirname -- "$0")"
+
+ROOT=../../
+BINARYEN="$ROOT/tools/binaryen/bin"
+WASI_SDK="$ROOT/tools/wasi-sdk/bin"
+SRCS="${1:-libc.c}"
+"../tools.sh"
+
+trap 'rm -f libc.c libc.tmp' EXIT
+cat << EOF > libc.c
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+EOF
+
+"$WASI_SDK/clang" --target=wasm32-wasi -std=c23 -g0 -O2 \
+	-Wall -Wextra -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-unused-function \
+	-o libc.wasm -I. "$SRCS" \
+	-mexec-model=reactor \
+	-mmutable-globals -mnontrapping-fptoint \
+	-msimd128 -mbulk-memory -msign-ext \
+	-mreference-types -mmultivalue \
+	-mno-extended-const \
+	-fno-stack-protector \
+	-Wl,-z,stack-size=4096 \
+	-Wl,--stack-first \
+	-Wl,--import-undefined \
+	-Wl,--initial-memory=16777216 \
+	-Wl,--export=memchr \
+	-Wl,--export=memcmp \
+	-Wl,--export=memcpy \
+	-Wl,--export=memmove \
+	-Wl,--export=memrchr \
+	-Wl,--export=memset \
+	-Wl,--export=strchr \
+	-Wl,--export=strchrnul \
+	-Wl,--export=strcspn \
+	-Wl,--export=strlen \
+	-Wl,--export=strrchr \
+	-Wl,--export=strspn \
+	-Wl,--export=qsort
+
+"$BINARYEN/wasm-ctor-eval" -g -c _initialize libc.wasm -o libc.tmp
+"$BINARYEN/wasm-opt" -g libc.tmp -o libc.wasm \
+	--low-memory-unused --generate-global-effects --converge -O3 \
+	--enable-mutable-globals --enable-nontrapping-float-to-int \
+	--enable-simd --enable-bulk-memory --enable-sign-ext \
+	--enable-reference-types --enable-multivalue \
+	--strip --strip-debug --strip-producers
+
+"$BINARYEN/wasm-dis" -o libc.wat libc.wasm