Updated dependencies.

Bumps [github.com/tetratelabs/wazero](https://github.com/tetratelabs/wazero) from 1.7.0-pre.1 to 1.7.0.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/releases)
- [Commits](https://github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/compare/v1.7.0-pre.1...v1.7.0)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: github.com/tetratelabs/wazero
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-patch
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

.github/FUNDING.yml

@@ -1 +1 @@
-custom: https://www.paypal.com/donate/buttons/manage/33P59ELZWGMK6
+custom: https://www.paypal.com/donate?hosted_button_id=33P59ELZWGMK6

.github/dependabot.yml

@@ -9,3 +9,7 @@ updates:
     directory: "/" # Location of package manifests
     schedule:
       interval: "daily"
+  - package-ecosystem: "github-actions" # See documentation for possible values
+    directory: "/" # Location of package manifests
+    schedule:
+      interval: "daily"

.github/workflows/bsd.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+echo 'set -euo pipefail' > test.sh
+
+for p in $(go list ./...); do
+  dir=".${p#github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3}"
+  name="$(basename "$p").test"
+  (cd ${dir}; GOOS=freebsd go test -c)
+  [ -f "${dir}/${name}" ] && echo "(cd ${dir}; ./${name} -test.v)" >> test.sh
+done

.github/workflows/codeql.yml

@@ -1,76 +0,0 @@
-# For most projects, this workflow file will not need changing; you simply need
-# to commit it to your repository.
-#
-# You may wish to alter this file to override the set of languages analyzed,
-# or to provide custom queries or build logic.
-#
-# ******** NOTE ********
-# We have attempted to detect the languages in your repository. Please check
-# the `language` matrix defined below to confirm you have the correct set of
-# supported CodeQL languages.
-#
-name: "CodeQL"
-
-on:
-  push:
-    branches: [ "main" ]
-  pull_request:
-    # The branches below must be a subset of the branches above
-    branches: [ "main" ]
-  schedule:
-    - cron: '15 18 * * 6'
-
-jobs:
-  analyze:
-    name: Analyze
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    permissions:
-      actions: read
-      contents: read
-      security-events: write
-
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
-      matrix:
-        language: [ 'go' ]
-        # CodeQL supports [ 'cpp', 'csharp', 'go', 'java', 'javascript', 'python', 'ruby' ]
-        # Use only 'java' to analyze code written in Java, Kotlin or both
-        # Use only 'javascript' to analyze code written in JavaScript, TypeScript or both
-        # Learn more about CodeQL language support at https://aka.ms/codeql-docs/language-support
-
-    steps:
-    - name: Checkout repository
-      uses: actions/checkout@v3
-
-    # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
-    - name: Initialize CodeQL
-      uses: github/codeql-action/init@v2
-      with:
-        languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
-        # If you wish to specify custom queries, you can do so here or in a config file.
-        # By default, queries listed here will override any specified in a config file.
-        # Prefix the list here with "+" to use these queries and those in the config file.
-
-        # Details on CodeQL's query packs refer to : https://docs.github.com/en/code-security/code-scanning/automatically-scanning-your-code-for-vulnerabilities-and-errors/configuring-code-scanning#using-queries-in-ql-packs
-        # queries: security-extended,security-and-quality
-
-
-    # Autobuild attempts to build any compiled languages  (C/C++, C#, Go, or Java).
-    # If this step fails, then you should remove it and run the build manually (see below)
-    - name: Autobuild
-      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@v2
-
-    # ℹ️ Command-line programs to run using the OS shell.
-    # 📚 See https://docs.github.com/en/actions/using-workflows/workflow-syntax-for-github-actions#jobsjob_idstepsrun
-
-    #   If the Autobuild fails above, remove it and uncomment the following three lines.
-    #   modify them (or add more) to build your code if your project, please refer to the EXAMPLE below for guidance.
-
-    # - run: |
-    #     echo "Run, Build Application using script"
-    #     ./location_of_script_within_repo/buildscript.sh
-
-    - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@v2
-      with:
-        category: "/language:${{matrix.language}}"

.github/workflows/cross.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -euo pipefail
+
+echo android       ; GOOS=android   GOARCH=amd64 go build .
+echo darwin        ; GOOS=darwin    GOARCH=amd64 go build .
+echo dragonfly     ; GOOS=dragonfly GOARCH=amd64 go build .
+echo freebsd       ; GOOS=freebsd   GOARCH=amd64 go build .
+echo illumos       ; GOOS=illumos   GOARCH=amd64 go build .
+echo ios           ; GOOS=ios       GOARCH=amd64 go build .
+echo linux         ; GOOS=linux     GOARCH=amd64 go build .
+echo netbsd        ; GOOS=netbsd    GOARCH=amd64 go build .
+echo openbsd       ; GOOS=openbsd   GOARCH=amd64 go build .
+echo plan9         ; GOOS=plan9     GOARCH=amd64 go build .
+echo solaris       ; GOOS=solaris   GOARCH=amd64 go build .
+echo windows       ; GOOS=windows   GOARCH=amd64 go build .
+echo aix           ; GOOS=aix       GOARCH=ppc64 go build .
+echo js            ; GOOS=js        GOARCH=wasm  go build .
+echo wasip1        ; GOOS=wasip1    GOARCH=wasm  go build .
+echo darwin-flock  ; GOOS=darwin    GOARCH=amd64 go build -tags sqlite3_flock .
+echo darwin-nosys  ; GOOS=darwin    GOARCH=amd64 go build -tags sqlite3_nosys .
+echo linux-nosys   ; GOOS=linux     GOARCH=amd64 go build -tags sqlite3_nosys .
+echo windows-nosys ; GOOS=windows   GOARCH=amd64 go build -tags sqlite3_nosys .
+echo freebsd-nosys ; GOOS=freebsd   GOARCH=amd64 go build -tags sqlite3_nosys .

.github/workflows/cross.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+name: Cross compile
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+    - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      with:
+        go-version: stable
+
+    - name: Build
+      run: .github/workflows/cross.sh

.github/workflows/go.yml

@@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
-name: Go
-
-on:
-  push:
-    branches: [ "main" ]
-  pull_request:
-    branches: [ "main" ]
-
-jobs:
-  test:
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        os: [macos-latest, ubuntu-latest, windows-latest]
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
-
-    steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-      with:
-        lfs: 'true'
-
-    - name: Set up Go
-      uses: actions/setup-go@v3
-      with:
-        go-version: stable
-        cache: true
-
-    - name: Build
-      run: go build -v ./...
-
-    - name: Test
-      run: go test -v ./...
-
-    - name: Test data races
-      run: go test -v -race ./...
-      if: matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest'
-
-    - name: Update coverage report
-      uses: ncruces/go-coverage-report@main
-      if: |
-        matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest' &&
-        github.event_name == 'push'
-      continue-on-error: true

.github/workflows/repro.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -euo pipefail
+
+if [[ "$OSTYPE" == "linux"* ]]; then
+  WASI_SDK="https://github.com/WebAssembly/wasi-sdk/releases/download/wasi-sdk-21/wasi-sdk-21.0-linux.tar.gz"
+  BINARYEN="https://github.com/WebAssembly/binaryen/releases/download/version_117/binaryen-version_117-x86_64-linux.tar.gz"
+elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == "darwin"* ]]; then
+  WASI_SDK="https://github.com/WebAssembly/wasi-sdk/releases/download/wasi-sdk-21/wasi-sdk-21.0-macos.tar.gz"
+  BINARYEN="https://github.com/WebAssembly/binaryen/releases/download/version_117/binaryen-version_117-x86_64-macos.tar.gz"
+elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == "msys" || "$OSTYPE" == "cygwin" ]]; then
+  WASI_SDK="https://github.com/WebAssembly/wasi-sdk/releases/download/wasi-sdk-21/wasi-sdk-21.0.m-mingw.tar.gz"
+  BINARYEN="https://github.com/WebAssembly/binaryen/releases/download/version_117/binaryen-version_117-x86_64-windows.tar.gz"
+fi
+
+# Download tools
+mkdir -p tools
+[ -d "tools/wasi-sdk"* ]         || curl -#L "$WASI_SDK" | tar xzC tools &
+[ -d "tools/binaryen-version"* ] || curl -#L "$BINARYEN" | tar xzC tools &
+wait
+
+sqlite3/download.sh   # Download SQLite
+embed/build.sh        # Build WASM
+git diff --exit-code  # Check diffs

.github/workflows/repro.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+name: Reproducible build
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        os: [macos-latest, ubuntu-latest, windows-latest]
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      with:
+        lfs: 'true'
+
+    - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      with:
+        go-version: stable
+
+    - name: Build
+      run: .github/workflows/repro.sh

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+name: Test
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [ "main" ]
+  pull_request:
+    branches: [ "main" ]
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+jobs:
+  test:
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        os: [macos-latest, ubuntu-latest, windows-latest]
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      with: { lfs: 'true' }
+
+    - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      with: { go-version: stable }
+
+    - name: Format
+      run: gofmt -s -w . && git diff --exit-code
+      if: matrix.os != 'windows-latest'
+
+    - name: Tidy
+      run: go mod tidy && git diff --exit-code
+
+    - name: Download
+      run: go mod download
+
+    - name: Verify
+      run: go mod verify
+
+    - name: Vet
+      run: go vet ./...
+
+    - name: Build
+      run: go build -v ./...
+
+    - name: Test
+      run: go test -v ./...
+
+    - name: Test BSD locks
+      run: go test -v -tags sqlite3_flock ./...
+      if: matrix.os == 'macos-latest'
+
+    - name: Test no locks
+      run: go test -v -tags sqlite3_nosys ./tests -run TestDB_nolock
+
+    - name: Test GORM
+      run: gormlite/test.sh
+
+    - uses: ncruces/go-coverage-report@v0
+      with:
+        chart: true
+        amend: true
+      if: |
+        github.event_name == 'push' &&
+        matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest'
+
+  test-bsd:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: test
+
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      with: { lfs: 'true' }
+
+    - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      with: { go-version: stable }
+
+    - name: Build
+      run: .github/workflows/bsd.sh
+
+    - name: Test
+      uses: cross-platform-actions/action@v0.23.0
+      with:
+        operating_system: freebsd
+        version: '14.0'
+        shell: bash
+        run: source test.sh
+        sync_files: runner-to-vm
+
+  test-m1:
+    runs-on: macos-14
+    needs: test
+
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      with: { lfs: 'true' }
+
+    - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      with: { go-version: stable }
+
+    - name: Test
+      run: go test -v ./...
+
+  test-386:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: test
+
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      with: { lfs: 'true' }
+
+    - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      with: { go-version: stable }
+
+    - name: Test
+      run: GOARCH=386 go test -v -short ./...
+
+  test-arm:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: test
+
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      with: { lfs: 'true' }
+
+    - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      with: { go-version: stable }
+
+    - uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
+
+    - name: Test
+      run: GOARCH=arm64 go test -v -short ./...

README.md

@@ -4,78 +4,139 @@
 [![Go Report](https://goreportcard.com/badge/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3)](https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3)
 [![Go Coverage](https://github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/wiki/coverage.svg)](https://github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/wiki/Test-coverage-report)
 
-Go module `github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3` wraps a [WASM](https://webassembly.org/) build of [SQLite](https://sqlite.org/),
-and uses [wazero](https://wazero.io/) to provide `cgo`-free SQLite bindings.
+Go module `github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3` is `cgo`-free [SQLite](https://sqlite.org/) wrapper.\
+It provides a [`database/sql`](https://pkg.go.dev/database/sql) compatible driver,
+as well as direct access to most of the [C SQLite API](https://sqlite.org/cintro.html).
 
-- Package [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3)
-wraps the [C SQLite API](https://www.sqlite.org/cintro.html)
-([example usage](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3#example-package)).
-- Package [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver)
-provides a [`database/sql`](https://pkg.go.dev/database/sql) driver
-([example usage](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver#example-package)).
-- Package [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed)
-embeds a build of SQLite into your application.
+It wraps a [WASM](https://webassembly.org/) build of SQLite, and uses [wazero](https://wazero.io/) as the runtime.\
+Go, wazero and [`x/sys`](https://pkg.go.dev/golang.org/x/sys) are the _only_ runtime dependencies.
+
+### Packages
+
+- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3)
+  wraps the [C SQLite API](https://sqlite.org/cintro.html)
+  ([example usage](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3#example-package)).
+- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver)
+  provides a [`database/sql`](https://pkg.go.dev/database/sql) driver
+  ([example usage](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver#example-package)).
+- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed)
+  embeds a build of SQLite into your application.
+- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs)
+  wraps the [C SQLite VFS API](https://sqlite.org/vfs.html) and provides a pure Go implementation.
+- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/gormlite`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/gormlite)
+  provides a [GORM](https://gorm.io) driver.
+
+### Extensions
+
+- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/array`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/array)
+  provides the [`array`](https://sqlite.org/carray.html) table-valued function.
+- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/blobio`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/blobio)
+  simplifies [incremental BLOB I/O](https://sqlite.org/c3ref/blob_open.html).
+- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/csv`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/csv)
+  reads [comma-separated values](https://sqlite.org/csv.html).
+- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/fileio`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/fileio)
+  reads, writes and lists files.
+- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/hash`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/hash)
+  provides cryptographic hash functions.
+- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/lines`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/lines)
+  reads data [line-by-line](https://github.com/asg017/sqlite-lines).
+- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/pivot`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/pivot)
+  creates [pivot tables](https://github.com/jakethaw/pivot_vtab).
+- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/statement`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/statement)
+  creates [parameterized views](https://github.com/0x09/sqlite-statement-vtab).
+- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/stats`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/stats)
+  provides [statistics](https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/sql-in-a/9780596155322/ch04s02.html) functions.
+- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/unicode`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/unicode)
+  provides [Unicode aware](https://sqlite.org/src/dir/ext/icu) functions.
+- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/zorder`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/zorder)
+  maps multidimensional data to one dimension.
+- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs/memdb`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs/memdb)
+  implements an in-memory VFS.
+- [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs/readervfs`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs/readervfs)
+  implements a VFS for immutable databases.
+
+### Advanced features
+
+- [incremental BLOB I/O](https://sqlite.org/c3ref/blob_open.html)
+- [nested transactions](https://sqlite.org/lang_savepoint.html)
+- [custom functions](https://sqlite.org/c3ref/create_function.html)
+- [virtual tables](https://sqlite.org/vtab.html)
+- [custom VFSes](https://sqlite.org/vfs.html)
+- [online backup](https://sqlite.org/backup.html)
+- [JSON support](https://sqlite.org/json1.html)
+- [math functions](https://sqlite.org/lang_mathfunc.html)
+- [full-text search](https://sqlite.org/fts5.html)
+- [geospatial search](https://sqlite.org/geopoly.html)
+- [and more…](embed/README.md)
 
 ### Caveats
 
-This module replaces the SQLite [OS Interface](https://www.sqlite.org/vfs.html) (aka VFS)
-with a pure Go implementation.
-This has numerous benefits, but also comes with some caveats.
+This module replaces the SQLite [OS Interface](https://sqlite.org/vfs.html)
+(aka VFS) with a [pure Go](vfs/) implementation.
+This has benefits, but also comes with some drawbacks.
 
 #### Write-Ahead Logging
 
 Because WASM does not support shared memory,
-[WAL](https://www.sqlite.org/wal.html) support is [limited](https://www.sqlite.org/wal.html#noshm).
+[WAL](https://sqlite.org/wal.html) support is [limited](https://sqlite.org/wal.html#noshm).
 
-To work around this limitation, SQLite is compiled with
-[`SQLITE_DEFAULT_LOCKING_MODE=1`](https://www.sqlite.org/compile.html#default_locking_mode),
-making `EXCLUSIVE` the default locking mode.
-For non-WAL databases, `NORMAL` locking mode can be activated with
-[`PRAGMA locking_mode=NORMAL`](https://www.sqlite.org/pragma.html#pragma_locking_mode).
+To work around this limitation, SQLite is [patched](sqlite3/locking_mode.patch)
+to always use `EXCLUSIVE` locking mode for WAL databases.
 
 Because connection pooling is incompatible with `EXCLUSIVE` locking mode,
-the `database/sql` driver defaults to `NORMAL` locking mode.
-To open WAL databases, or use `EXCLUSIVE` locking mode,
-disable connection pooling by calling
+to use the [`database/sql`](https://pkg.go.dev/database/sql) driver
+with WAL mode databases you should disable connection pooling by calling
 [`db.SetMaxOpenConns(1)`](https://pkg.go.dev/database/sql#DB.SetMaxOpenConns).
 
-#### Open File Description Locks
+#### File Locking
 
-On Unix, this module uses [OFD locks](https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Open-File-Description-Locks.html)
+POSIX advisory locks, which SQLite uses on Unix, are
+[broken by design](https://sqlite.org/src/artifact/2e8b12?ln=1073-1161).
+
+On Linux, macOS and illumos, this module uses
+[OFD locks](https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Open-File-Description-Locks.html)
 to synchronize access to database files.
+OFD locks are fully compatible with POSIX advisory locks.
 
-POSIX advisory locks, which SQLite uses, are [broken by design](https://www.sqlite.org/src/artifact/90c4fa?ln=1073-1161).
-OFD locks are fully compatible with process-associated POSIX advisory locks,
-and are supported on Linux, macOS and illumos.
-As a work around for other Unixes, you can use [`nolock=1`](https://www.sqlite.org/uri.html).
+On BSD Unixes, this module uses
+[BSD locks](https://man.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=flock&sektion=2).
+On BSD Unixes, BSD locks are fully compatible with POSIX advisory locks.
 
-#### Testing
+On Windows, this module uses `LockFileEx` and `UnlockFileEx`,
+like SQLite.
 
-The pure Go VFS is stress tested by running an unmodified build of SQLite's
+On all other platforms, file locking is not supported, and you must use
+[`nolock=1`](https://sqlite.org/uri.html#urinolock)
+(or [`immutable=1`](https://sqlite.org/uri.html#uriimmutable))
+to open database files.
+You can use [`vfs.SupportsFileLocking`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs#SupportsFileLocking)
+to check if your platform supports file locking.
+
+To use the [`database/sql`](https://pkg.go.dev/database/sql) driver
+with `nolock=1` you must disable connection pooling by calling
+[`db.SetMaxOpenConns(1)`](https://pkg.go.dev/database/sql#DB.SetMaxOpenConns).
+
+### Testing
+
+This project aims for [high test coverage](https://github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/wiki/Test-coverage-report).
+It also benefits greatly from [SQLite's](https://sqlite.org/testing.html) and
+[wazero's](https://tetrate.io/blog/introducing-wazero-from-tetrate/#:~:text=Rock%2Dsolid%20test%20approach) thorough testing.
+
+The pure Go VFS is tested by running SQLite's
 [mptest](https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/blob/master/mptest/mptest.c)
-on Linux, macOS and Windows.
+on Linux, macOS, Windows and FreeBSD.
 
-### Roadmap
+### Performance
+
+Perfomance of the [`database/sql`](https://pkg.go.dev/database/sql) driver is
+[competitive](https://github.com/cvilsmeier/go-sqlite-bench) with alternatives.
+
+The WASM and VFS layers are also tested by running SQLite's
+[speedtest1](https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/blob/master/test/speedtest1.c).
 
-- [ ] advanced SQLite features
-  - [x] nested transactions
-  - [x] incremental BLOB I/O
-  - [x] online backup
-  - [ ] snapshots
-  - [ ] session extension
-  - [ ] resumable bulk update
-  - [ ] shared-cache mode
-  - [ ] unlock-notify
-- [ ] custom SQL functions
-- [ ] custom VFSes
-  - [ ] read-only VFS, wrapping an [`io.ReaderAt`](https://pkg.go.dev/io#ReaderAt)
-  - [ ] in-memory VFS, wrapping a [`bytes.Buffer`](https://pkg.go.dev/bytes#Buffer)
-  - [ ] cloud-based VFS, based on [Cloud Backed SQLite](https://sqlite.org/cloudsqlite/doc/trunk/www/index.wiki)
-  - [ ] custom VFS API
-  
 ### Alternatives
 
 - [`modernc.org/sqlite`](https://pkg.go.dev/modernc.org/sqlite)
 - [`crawshaw.io/sqlite`](https://pkg.go.dev/crawshaw.io/sqlite)
 - [`github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3)
-- [`github.com/zombiezen/go-sqlite`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/zombiezen/go-sqlite)
+- [`github.com/zombiezen/go-sqlite`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/zombiezen/go-sqlite)

backup.go

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 package sqlite3
 
-// Backup is a handle to an open BLOB.
+// Backup is an handle to an ongoing online backup operation.
 //
-// https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/backup.html
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/backup.html
 type Backup struct {
 	c      *Conn
 	handle uint32
@@ -11,11 +11,11 @@ type Backup struct {
 
 // Backup backs up srcDB on the src connection to the "main" database in dstURI.
 //
-// Backup calls [Open] to open the SQLite database file dstURI,
+// Backup opens the SQLite database file dstURI,
 // and blocks until the entire backup is complete.
 // Use [Conn.BackupInit] for incremental backup.
 //
-// https://www.sqlite.org/backup.html
+// https://sqlite.org/backup.html
 func (src *Conn) Backup(srcDB, dstURI string) error {
 	b, err := src.BackupInit(srcDB, dstURI)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -28,12 +28,12 @@ func (src *Conn) Backup(srcDB, dstURI string) error {
 
 // Restore restores dstDB on the dst connection from the "main" database in srcURI.
 //
-// Restore calls [Open] to open the SQLite database file srcURI,
+// Restore opens the SQLite database file srcURI,
 // and blocks until the entire restore is complete.
 //
-// https://www.sqlite.org/backup.html
+// https://sqlite.org/backup.html
 func (dst *Conn) Restore(dstDB, srcURI string) error {
-	src, err := dst.openDB(srcURI, OPEN_READWRITE|OPEN_CREATE|OPEN_URI)
+	src, err := dst.openDB(srcURI, OPEN_READONLY|OPEN_URI)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -48,11 +48,11 @@ func (dst *Conn) Restore(dstDB, srcURI string) error {
 
 // BackupInit initializes a backup operation to copy the content of one database into another.
 //
-// BackupInit calls [Open] to open the SQLite database file dstURI,
+// BackupInit opens the SQLite database file dstURI,
 // then initializes a backup that copies the contents of srcDB on the src connection
 // to the "main" database in dstURI.
 //
-// https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/backup_finish.html#sqlite3backupinit
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/backup_finish.html#sqlite3backupinit
 func (src *Conn) BackupInit(srcDB, dstURI string) (*Backup, error) {
 	dst, err := src.openDB(dstURI, OPEN_READWRITE|OPEN_CREATE|OPEN_URI)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ func (src *Conn) BackupInit(srcDB, dstURI string) (*Backup, error) {
 }
 
 func (c *Conn) backupInit(dst uint32, dstName string, src uint32, srcName string) (*Backup, error) {
-	defer c.arena.reset()
+	defer c.arena.mark()()
 	dstPtr := c.arena.string(dstName)
 	srcPtr := c.arena.string(srcName)
 
@@ -71,19 +71,19 @@ func (c *Conn) backupInit(dst uint32, dstName string, src uint32, srcName string
 		other = src
 	}
 
-	r := c.call(c.api.backupInit,
+	r := c.call("sqlite3_backup_init",
 		uint64(dst), uint64(dstPtr),
 		uint64(src), uint64(srcPtr))
-	if r[0] == 0 {
+	if r == 0 {
 		defer c.closeDB(other)
-		r = c.call(c.api.errcode, uint64(dst))
-		return nil, c.module.error(r[0], dst)
+		r = c.call("sqlite3_errcode", uint64(dst))
+		return nil, c.sqlite.error(r, dst)
 	}
 
 	return &Backup{
 		c:      c,
 		otherc: other,
-		handle: uint32(r[0]),
+		handle: uint32(r),
 	}, nil
 }
 
@@ -91,44 +91,44 @@ func (c *Conn) backupInit(dst uint32, dstName string, src uint32, srcName string
 //
 // It is safe to close a nil, zero or closed Backup.
 //
-// https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/backup_finish.html#sqlite3backupfinish
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/backup_finish.html#sqlite3backupfinish
 func (b *Backup) Close() error {
 	if b == nil || b.handle == 0 {
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	r := b.c.call(b.c.api.backupFinish, uint64(b.handle))
+	r := b.c.call("sqlite3_backup_finish", uint64(b.handle))
 	b.c.closeDB(b.otherc)
 	b.handle = 0
-	return b.c.error(r[0])
+	return b.c.error(r)
 }
 
 // Step copies up to nPage pages between the source and destination databases.
 // If nPage is negative, all remaining source pages are copied.
 //
-// https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/backup_finish.html#sqlite3backupstep
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/backup_finish.html#sqlite3backupstep
 func (b *Backup) Step(nPage int) (done bool, err error) {
-	r := b.c.call(b.c.api.backupStep, uint64(b.handle), uint64(nPage))
-	if r[0] == _DONE {
+	r := b.c.call("sqlite3_backup_step", uint64(b.handle), uint64(nPage))
+	if r == _DONE {
 		return true, nil
 	}
-	return false, b.c.error(r[0])
+	return false, b.c.error(r)
 }
 
 // Remaining returns the number of pages still to be backed up
 // at the conclusion of the most recent [Backup.Step].
 //
-// https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/backup_finish.html#sqlite3backupremaining
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/backup_finish.html#sqlite3backupremaining
 func (b *Backup) Remaining() int {
-	r := b.c.call(b.c.api.backupRemaining, uint64(b.handle))
-	return int(r[0])
+	r := b.c.call("sqlite3_backup_remaining", uint64(b.handle))
+	return int(int32(r))
 }
 
 // PageCount returns the total number of pages in the source database
 // at the conclusion of the most recent [Backup.Step].
 //
-// https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/backup_finish.html#sqlite3backuppagecount
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/backup_finish.html#sqlite3backuppagecount
 func (b *Backup) PageCount() int {
-	r := b.c.call(b.c.api.backupFinish, uint64(b.handle))
-	return int(r[0])
+	r := b.c.call("sqlite3_backup_pagecount", uint64(b.handle))
+	return int(int32(r))
 }

blob.go

@@ -1,32 +1,36 @@
 package sqlite3
 
-import "io"
+import (
+	"io"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
+)
 
 // ZeroBlob represents a zero-filled, length n BLOB
 // that can be used as an argument to
 // [database/sql.DB.Exec] and similar methods.
 type ZeroBlob int64
 
-// Blob is a handle to an open BLOB.
+// Blob is an handle to an open BLOB.
 //
 // It implements [io.ReadWriteSeeker] for incremental BLOB I/O.
 //
-// https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/blob.html
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/blob.html
 type Blob struct {
 	c      *Conn
-	handle uint32
 	bytes  int64
 	offset int64
+	handle uint32
 }
 
 var _ io.ReadWriteSeeker = &Blob{}
 
 // OpenBlob opens a BLOB for incremental I/O.
 //
-// https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/blob_open.html
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/blob_open.html
 func (c *Conn) OpenBlob(db, table, column string, row int64, write bool) (*Blob, error) {
 	c.checkInterrupt()
-	defer c.arena.reset()
+	defer c.arena.mark()()
 	blobPtr := c.arena.new(ptrlen)
 	dbPtr := c.arena.string(db)
 	tablePtr := c.arena.string(table)
@@ -37,17 +41,17 @@ func (c *Conn) OpenBlob(db, table, column string, row int64, write bool) (*Blob,
 		flags = 1
 	}
 
-	r := c.call(c.api.blobOpen, uint64(c.handle),
+	r := c.call("sqlite3_blob_open", uint64(c.handle),
 		uint64(dbPtr), uint64(tablePtr), uint64(columnPtr),
 		uint64(row), flags, uint64(blobPtr))
 
-	if err := c.error(r[0]); err != nil {
+	if err := c.error(r); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
 	blob := Blob{c: c}
-	blob.handle = c.mem.readUint32(blobPtr)
-	blob.bytes = int64(c.call(c.api.blobBytes, uint64(blob.handle))[0])
+	blob.handle = util.ReadUint32(c.mod, blobPtr)
+	blob.bytes = int64(c.call("sqlite3_blob_bytes", uint64(blob.handle)))
 	return &blob, nil
 }
 
@@ -55,73 +59,111 @@ func (c *Conn) OpenBlob(db, table, column string, row int64, write bool) (*Blob,
 //
 // It is safe to close a nil, zero or closed Blob.
 //
-// https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/blob_close.html
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/blob_close.html
 func (b *Blob) Close() error {
 	if b == nil || b.handle == 0 {
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	r := b.c.call(b.c.api.blobClose, uint64(b.handle))
+	r := b.c.call("sqlite3_blob_close", uint64(b.handle))
 
 	b.handle = 0
-	return b.c.error(r[0])
+	return b.c.error(r)
 }
 
 // Size returns the size of the BLOB in bytes.
 //
-// https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/blob_bytes.html
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/blob_bytes.html
 func (b *Blob) Size() int64 {
 	return b.bytes
 }
 
 // Read implements the [io.Reader] interface.
 //
-// https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/blob_read.html
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/blob_read.html
 func (b *Blob) Read(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
 	if b.offset >= b.bytes {
 		return 0, io.EOF
 	}
 
+	avail := b.bytes - b.offset
 	want := int64(len(p))
+	if want > avail {
+		want = avail
+	}
+
+	defer b.c.arena.mark()()
+	ptr := b.c.arena.new(uint64(want))
+
+	r := b.c.call("sqlite3_blob_read", uint64(b.handle),
+		uint64(ptr), uint64(want), uint64(b.offset))
+	err = b.c.error(r)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	b.offset += want
+	if b.offset >= b.bytes {
+		err = io.EOF
+	}
+
+	copy(p, util.View(b.c.mod, ptr, uint64(want)))
+	return int(want), err
+}
+
+// WriteTo implements the [io.WriterTo] interface.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/blob_read.html
+func (b *Blob) WriteTo(w io.Writer) (n int64, err error) {
+	if b.offset >= b.bytes {
+		return 0, nil
+	}
+
+	want := int64(1024 * 1024)
 	avail := b.bytes - b.offset
 	if want > avail {
 		want = avail
 	}
 
-	ptr := b.c.new(uint64(want))
-	defer b.c.free(ptr)
+	defer b.c.arena.mark()()
+	ptr := b.c.arena.new(uint64(want))
 
-	r := b.c.call(b.c.api.blobRead, uint64(b.handle),
-		uint64(ptr), uint64(want), uint64(b.offset))
-	err = b.c.error(r[0])
-	if err != nil {
-		return 0, err
-	}
+	for want > 0 {
+		r := b.c.call("sqlite3_blob_read", uint64(b.handle),
+			uint64(ptr), uint64(want), uint64(b.offset))
+		err = b.c.error(r)
+		if err != nil {
+			return n, err
+		}
 
-	mem := b.c.mem.view(ptr, uint64(want))
-	copy(p, mem)
-	b.offset += want
-	if b.offset >= b.bytes {
-		err = io.EOF
+		mem := util.View(b.c.mod, ptr, uint64(want))
+		m, err := w.Write(mem[:want])
+		b.offset += int64(m)
+		n += int64(m)
+		if err != nil {
+			return n, err
+		}
+		if int64(m) != want {
+			return n, io.ErrShortWrite
+		}
+
+		avail = b.bytes - b.offset
+		if want > avail {
+			want = avail
+		}
 	}
-	return int(want), err
+	return n, nil
 }
 
 // Write implements the [io.Writer] interface.
 //
-// https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/blob_write.html
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/blob_write.html
 func (b *Blob) Write(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
-	offset := b.offset
-	if offset > b.bytes {
-		offset = b.bytes
-	}
+	defer b.c.arena.mark()()
+	ptr := b.c.arena.bytes(p)
 
-	ptr := b.c.newBytes(p)
-	defer b.c.free(ptr)
-
-	r := b.c.call(b.c.api.blobWrite, uint64(b.handle),
-		uint64(ptr), uint64(len(p)), uint64(offset))
-	err = b.c.error(r[0])
+	r := b.c.call("sqlite3_blob_write", uint64(b.handle),
+		uint64(ptr), uint64(len(p)), uint64(b.offset))
+	err = b.c.error(r)
 	if err != nil {
 		return 0, err
 	}
@@ -129,11 +171,60 @@ func (b *Blob) Write(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
 	return len(p), nil
 }
 
+// ReadFrom implements the [io.ReaderFrom] interface.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/blob_write.html
+func (b *Blob) ReadFrom(r io.Reader) (n int64, err error) {
+	want := int64(1024 * 1024)
+	avail := b.bytes - b.offset
+	if l, ok := r.(*io.LimitedReader); ok && want > l.N {
+		want = l.N
+	}
+	if want > avail {
+		want = avail
+	}
+	if want < 1 {
+		want = 1
+	}
+
+	defer b.c.arena.mark()()
+	ptr := b.c.arena.new(uint64(want))
+
+	for {
+		mem := util.View(b.c.mod, ptr, uint64(want))
+		m, err := r.Read(mem[:want])
+		if m > 0 {
+			r := b.c.call("sqlite3_blob_write", uint64(b.handle),
+				uint64(ptr), uint64(m), uint64(b.offset))
+			err := b.c.error(r)
+			if err != nil {
+				return n, err
+			}
+			b.offset += int64(m)
+			n += int64(m)
+		}
+		if err == io.EOF {
+			return n, nil
+		}
+		if err != nil {
+			return n, err
+		}
+
+		avail = b.bytes - b.offset
+		if want > avail {
+			want = avail
+		}
+		if want < 1 {
+			want = 1
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 // Seek implements the [io.Seeker] interface.
 func (b *Blob) Seek(offset int64, whence int) (int64, error) {
 	switch whence {
 	default:
-		return 0, whenceErr
+		return 0, util.WhenceErr
 	case io.SeekStart:
 		break
 	case io.SeekCurrent:
@@ -142,7 +233,7 @@ func (b *Blob) Seek(offset int64, whence int) (int64, error) {
 		offset += b.bytes
 	}
 	if offset < 0 {
-		return 0, offsetErr
+		return 0, util.OffsetErr
 	}
 	b.offset = offset
 	return offset, nil
@@ -150,10 +241,10 @@ func (b *Blob) Seek(offset int64, whence int) (int64, error) {
 
 // Reopen moves a BLOB handle to a new row of the same database table.
 //
-// https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/blob_reopen.html
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/blob_reopen.html
 func (b *Blob) Reopen(row int64) error {
-	r := b.c.call(b.c.api.blobReopen, uint64(b.handle), uint64(row))
-	b.bytes = int64(b.c.call(b.c.api.blobBytes, uint64(b.handle))[0])
+	err := b.c.error(b.c.call("sqlite3_blob_reopen", uint64(b.handle), uint64(row)))
+	b.bytes = int64(b.c.call("sqlite3_blob_bytes", uint64(b.handle)))
 	b.offset = 0
-	return b.c.error(r[0])
+	return err
 }

config.go

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+package sqlite3
+
+import (
+	"context"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
+	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/api"
+)
+
+// Config makes configuration changes to a database connection.
+// Only boolean configuration options are supported.
+// Called with no arg reads the current configuration value,
+// called with one arg sets and returns the new value.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/db_config.html
+func (c *Conn) Config(op DBConfig, arg ...bool) (bool, error) {
+	defer c.arena.mark()()
+	argsPtr := c.arena.new(2 * ptrlen)
+
+	var flag int
+	switch {
+	case len(arg) == 0:
+		flag = -1
+	case arg[0]:
+		flag = 1
+	}
+
+	util.WriteUint32(c.mod, argsPtr+0*ptrlen, uint32(flag))
+	util.WriteUint32(c.mod, argsPtr+1*ptrlen, argsPtr)
+
+	r := c.call("sqlite3_db_config", uint64(c.handle),
+		uint64(op), uint64(argsPtr))
+	return util.ReadUint32(c.mod, argsPtr) != 0, c.error(r)
+}
+
+// ConfigLog sets up the error logging callback for the connection.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/errlog.html
+func (c *Conn) ConfigLog(cb func(code ExtendedErrorCode, msg string)) error {
+	var enable uint64
+	if cb != nil {
+		enable = 1
+	}
+	r := c.call("sqlite3_config_log_go", enable)
+	if err := c.error(r); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	c.log = cb
+	return nil
+}
+
+func logCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, _, iCode, zMsg uint32) {
+	if c, ok := ctx.Value(connKey{}).(*Conn); ok && c.log != nil {
+		msg := util.ReadString(mod, zMsg, _MAX_LENGTH)
+		c.log(xErrorCode(iCode), msg)
+	}
+}
+
+// Limit allows the size of various constructs to be
+// limited on a connection by connection basis.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/limit.html
+func (c *Conn) Limit(id LimitCategory, value int) int {
+	r := c.call("sqlite3_limit", uint64(c.handle), uint64(id), uint64(value))
+	return int(int32(r))
+}
+
+// SetAuthorizer registers an authorizer callback with the database connection.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/set_authorizer.html
+func (c *Conn) SetAuthorizer(cb func(action AuthorizerActionCode, name3rd, name4th, schema, nameInner string) AuthorizerReturnCode) error {
+	var enable uint64
+	if cb != nil {
+		enable = 1
+	}
+	r := c.call("sqlite3_set_authorizer_go", uint64(c.handle), enable)
+	if err := c.error(r); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	c.authorizer = cb
+	return nil
+
+}
+
+func authorizerCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pDB uint32, action AuthorizerActionCode, zName3rd, zName4th, zSchema, zNameInner uint32) AuthorizerReturnCode {
+	if c, ok := ctx.Value(connKey{}).(*Conn); ok && c.handle == pDB && c.authorizer != nil {
+		var name3rd, name4th, schema, nameInner string
+		if zName3rd != 0 {
+			name3rd = util.ReadString(mod, zName3rd, _MAX_NAME)
+		}
+		if zName4th != 0 {
+			name4th = util.ReadString(mod, zName4th, _MAX_NAME)
+		}
+		if zSchema != 0 {
+			schema = util.ReadString(mod, zSchema, _MAX_NAME)
+		}
+		if zNameInner != 0 {
+			nameInner = util.ReadString(mod, zNameInner, _MAX_NAME)
+		}
+		return c.authorizer(action, name3rd, name4th, schema, nameInner)
+	}
+	return AUTH_OK
+}

conn.go

@@ -2,61 +2,74 @@ package sqlite3
 
 import (
 	"context"
-	"database/sql/driver"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"math"
 	"net/url"
-	"runtime"
 	"strings"
-	"sync/atomic"
-	"unsafe"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
+	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/api"
 )
 
 // Conn is a database connection handle.
 // A Conn is not safe for concurrent use by multiple goroutines.
 //
-// https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/sqlite3.html
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/sqlite3.html
 type Conn struct {
-	*module
+	*sqlite
 
-	handle    uint32
-	arena     arena
-	interrupt context.Context
-	waiter    chan struct{}
-	pending   *Stmt
+	interrupt  context.Context
+	pending    *Stmt
+	busy       func(int) bool
+	log        func(xErrorCode, string)
+	collation  func(*Conn, string)
+	authorizer func(AuthorizerActionCode, string, string, string, string) AuthorizerReturnCode
+	update     func(AuthorizerActionCode, string, string, int64)
+	commit     func() bool
+	rollback   func()
+	arena      arena
+
+	handle uint32
 }
 
-// Open calls [OpenFlags] with [OPEN_READWRITE], [OPEN_CREATE] and [OPEN_URI].
+// Open calls [OpenFlags] with [OPEN_READWRITE], [OPEN_CREATE], [OPEN_URI] and [OPEN_NOFOLLOW].
 func Open(filename string) (*Conn, error) {
-	return newConn(filename, OPEN_READWRITE|OPEN_CREATE|OPEN_URI)
+	return newConn(filename, OPEN_READWRITE|OPEN_CREATE|OPEN_URI|OPEN_NOFOLLOW)
 }
 
 // OpenFlags opens an SQLite database file as specified by the filename argument.
 //
+// If none of the required flags is used, a combination of [OPEN_READWRITE] and [OPEN_CREATE] is used.
 // If a URI filename is used, PRAGMA statements to execute can be specified using "_pragma":
 //
-//	sqlite3.Open("file:demo.db?_pragma=busy_timeout(10000)&_pragma=locking_mode(normal)")
+//	sqlite3.Open("file:demo.db?_pragma=busy_timeout(10000)")
 //
-// https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/open.html
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/open.html
 func OpenFlags(filename string, flags OpenFlag) (*Conn, error) {
+	if flags&(OPEN_READONLY|OPEN_READWRITE|OPEN_CREATE) == 0 {
+		flags |= OPEN_READWRITE | OPEN_CREATE
+	}
 	return newConn(filename, flags)
 }
 
+type connKey struct{}
+
 func newConn(filename string, flags OpenFlag) (conn *Conn, err error) {
-	mod, err := instantiateModule()
+	sqlite, err := instantiateSQLite()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	defer func() {
 		if conn == nil {
-			mod.close()
-		} else {
-			runtime.SetFinalizer(conn, finalizer[Conn](3))
+			sqlite.close()
 		}
 	}()
 
-	c := &Conn{module: mod}
+	c := &Conn{sqlite: sqlite}
 	c.arena = c.newArena(1024)
+	c.ctx = context.WithValue(c.ctx, connKey{}, c)
 	c.handle, err = c.openDB(filename, flags)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -65,14 +78,15 @@ func newConn(filename string, flags OpenFlag) (conn *Conn, err error) {
 }
 
 func (c *Conn) openDB(filename string, flags OpenFlag) (uint32, error) {
-	defer c.arena.reset()
+	defer c.arena.mark()()
 	connPtr := c.arena.new(ptrlen)
 	namePtr := c.arena.string(filename)
 
-	r := c.call(c.api.open, uint64(namePtr), uint64(connPtr), uint64(flags), 0)
+	flags |= OPEN_EXRESCODE
+	r := c.call("sqlite3_open_v2", uint64(namePtr), uint64(connPtr), uint64(flags), 0)
 
-	handle := c.mem.readUint32(connPtr)
-	if err := c.module.error(r[0], handle); err != nil {
+	handle := util.ReadUint32(c.mod, connPtr)
+	if err := c.sqlite.error(r, handle); err != nil {
 		c.closeDB(handle)
 		return 0, err
 	}
@@ -84,14 +98,13 @@ func (c *Conn) openDB(filename string, flags OpenFlag) (uint32, error) {
 			for _, p := range query["_pragma"] {
 				pragmas.WriteString(`PRAGMA `)
 				pragmas.WriteString(p)
-				pragmas.WriteByte(';')
+				pragmas.WriteString(`;`)
 			}
 		}
 
-		c.arena.reset()
 		pragmaPtr := c.arena.string(pragmas.String())
-		r := c.call(c.api.exec, uint64(handle), uint64(pragmaPtr), 0, 0, 0)
-		if err := c.module.error(r[0], handle, pragmas.String()); err != nil {
+		r := c.call("sqlite3_exec", uint64(handle), uint64(pragmaPtr), 0, 0, 0)
+		if err := c.sqlite.error(r, handle, pragmas.String()); err != nil {
 			if errors.Is(err, ERROR) {
 				err = fmt.Errorf("sqlite3: invalid _pragma: %w", err)
 			}
@@ -99,14 +112,13 @@ func (c *Conn) openDB(filename string, flags OpenFlag) (uint32, error) {
 			return 0, err
 		}
 	}
-
-	c.call(c.api.timeCollation, uint64(handle))
+	c.call("sqlite3_progress_handler_go", uint64(handle), 100)
 	return handle, nil
 }
 
 func (c *Conn) closeDB(handle uint32) {
-	r := c.call(c.api.closeZombie, uint64(handle))
-	if err := c.module.error(r[0], handle); err != nil {
+	r := c.call("sqlite3_close_v2", uint64(handle))
+	if err := c.sqlite.error(r, handle); err != nil {
 		panic(err)
 	}
 }
@@ -119,37 +131,35 @@ func (c *Conn) closeDB(handle uint32) {
 //
 // It is safe to close a nil, zero or closed Conn.
 //
-// https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/close.html
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/close.html
 func (c *Conn) Close() error {
 	if c == nil || c.handle == 0 {
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	c.SetInterrupt(context.Background())
 	c.pending.Close()
 	c.pending = nil
 
-	r := c.call(c.api.close, uint64(c.handle))
-	if err := c.error(r[0]); err != nil {
+	r := c.call("sqlite3_close", uint64(c.handle))
+	if err := c.error(r); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
 	c.handle = 0
-	runtime.SetFinalizer(c, nil)
-	return c.module.close()
+	return c.close()
 }
 
 // Exec is a convenience function that allows an application to run
 // multiple statements of SQL without having to use a lot of code.
 //
-// https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/exec.html
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/exec.html
 func (c *Conn) Exec(sql string) error {
 	c.checkInterrupt()
-	defer c.arena.reset()
+	defer c.arena.mark()()
 	sqlPtr := c.arena.string(sql)
 
-	r := c.call(c.api.exec, uint64(c.handle), uint64(sqlPtr), 0, 0, 0)
-	return c.error(r[0])
+	r := c.call("sqlite3_exec", uint64(c.handle), uint64(sqlPtr), 0, 0, 0)
+	return c.error(r, sql)
 }
 
 // Prepare calls [Conn.PrepareFlags] with no flags.
@@ -162,60 +172,113 @@ func (c *Conn) Prepare(sql string) (stmt *Stmt, tail string, err error) {
 // If the input text contains no SQL (if the input is an empty string or a comment),
 // both stmt and err will be nil.
 //
-// https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/prepare.html
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/prepare.html
 func (c *Conn) PrepareFlags(sql string, flags PrepareFlag) (stmt *Stmt, tail string, err error) {
-	if emptyStatement(sql) {
-		return nil, "", nil
+	if len(sql) > _MAX_LENGTH {
+		return nil, "", TOOBIG
 	}
 
-	defer c.arena.reset()
+	defer c.arena.mark()()
 	stmtPtr := c.arena.new(ptrlen)
 	tailPtr := c.arena.new(ptrlen)
 	sqlPtr := c.arena.string(sql)
 
-	r := c.call(c.api.prepare, uint64(c.handle),
+	r := c.call("sqlite3_prepare_v3", uint64(c.handle),
 		uint64(sqlPtr), uint64(len(sql)+1), uint64(flags),
 		uint64(stmtPtr), uint64(tailPtr))
 
 	stmt = &Stmt{c: c}
-	stmt.handle = c.mem.readUint32(stmtPtr)
-	i := c.mem.readUint32(tailPtr)
-	tail = sql[i-sqlPtr:]
+	stmt.handle = util.ReadUint32(c.mod, stmtPtr)
+	if sql := sql[util.ReadUint32(c.mod, tailPtr)-sqlPtr:]; sql != "" {
+		tail = sql
+	}
 
-	if err := c.error(r[0], sql); err != nil {
+	if err := c.error(r, sql); err != nil {
 		return nil, "", err
 	}
 	if stmt.handle == 0 {
 		return nil, "", nil
 	}
-	return
+	return stmt, tail, nil
+}
+
+// DBName returns the schema name for n-th database on the database connection.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/db_name.html
+func (c *Conn) DBName(n int) string {
+	r := c.call("sqlite3_db_name", uint64(c.handle), uint64(n))
+
+	ptr := uint32(r)
+	if ptr == 0 {
+		return ""
+	}
+	return util.ReadString(c.mod, ptr, _MAX_NAME)
+}
+
+// ReadOnly determines if a database is read-only.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/db_readonly.html
+func (c *Conn) ReadOnly(schema string) (ro bool, ok bool) {
+	var ptr uint32
+	if schema != "" {
+		defer c.arena.mark()()
+		ptr = c.arena.string(schema)
+	}
+	r := c.call("sqlite3_db_readonly", uint64(c.handle), uint64(ptr))
+	return int32(r) > 0, int32(r) < 0
 }
 
 // GetAutocommit tests the connection for auto-commit mode.
 //
-// https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/get_autocommit.html
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/get_autocommit.html
 func (c *Conn) GetAutocommit() bool {
-	r := c.call(c.api.autocommit, uint64(c.handle))
-	return r[0] != 0
+	r := c.call("sqlite3_get_autocommit", uint64(c.handle))
+	return r != 0
 }
 
 // LastInsertRowID returns the rowid of the most recent successful INSERT
 // on the database connection.
 //
-// https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/last_insert_rowid.html
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/last_insert_rowid.html
 func (c *Conn) LastInsertRowID() int64 {
-	r := c.call(c.api.lastRowid, uint64(c.handle))
-	return int64(r[0])
+	r := c.call("sqlite3_last_insert_rowid", uint64(c.handle))
+	return int64(r)
+}
+
+// SetLastInsertRowID allows the application to set the value returned by
+// [Conn.LastInsertRowID].
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/set_last_insert_rowid.html
+func (c *Conn) SetLastInsertRowID(id int64) {
+	c.call("sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid", uint64(c.handle), uint64(id))
 }
 
 // Changes returns the number of rows modified, inserted or deleted
 // by the most recently completed INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement
 // on the database connection.
 //
-// https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/changes.html
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/changes.html
 func (c *Conn) Changes() int64 {
-	r := c.call(c.api.changes, uint64(c.handle))
-	return int64(r[0])
+	r := c.call("sqlite3_changes64", uint64(c.handle))
+	return int64(r)
+}
+
+// TotalChanges returns the number of rows modified, inserted or deleted
+// by all INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statements completed
+// since the database connection was opened.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/total_changes.html
+func (c *Conn) TotalChanges() int64 {
+	r := c.call("sqlite3_total_changes64", uint64(c.handle))
+	return int64(r)
+}
+
+// ReleaseMemory frees memory used by a database connection.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/db_release_memory.html
+func (c *Conn) ReleaseMemory() error {
+	r := c.call("sqlite3_db_release_memory", uint64(c.handle))
+	return c.error(r)
 }
 
 // SetInterrupt interrupts a long-running query when a context is done.
@@ -231,70 +294,81 @@ func (c *Conn) Changes() int64 {
 //
 // SetInterrupt returns the old context assigned to the connection.
 //
-// https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/interrupt.html
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/interrupt.html
 func (c *Conn) SetInterrupt(ctx context.Context) (old context.Context) {
-	// Is a waiter running?
-	if c.waiter != nil {
-		c.waiter <- struct{}{} // Cancel the waiter.
-		<-c.waiter             // Wait for it to finish.
-		c.waiter = nil
+	// Is it the same context?
+	if ctx == c.interrupt {
+		return ctx
 	}
-	// Reset the pending statement.
-	if c.pending != nil {
-		c.pending.Reset()
+
+	// A busy SQL statement prevents SQLite from ignoring an interrupt
+	// that comes before any other statements are started.
+	if c.pending == nil {
+		c.pending, _, _ = c.Prepare(`WITH RECURSIVE c(x) AS (VALUES(0) UNION ALL SELECT x FROM c) SELECT x FROM c`)
 	}
 
 	old = c.interrupt
 	c.interrupt = ctx
-	if ctx == nil || ctx.Done() == nil {
-		return old
+
+	if old != nil && old.Done() != nil && (ctx == nil || ctx.Err() == nil) {
+		c.pending.Reset()
 	}
-
-	// Creating an uncompleted SQL statement prevents SQLite from ignoring
-	// an interrupt that comes before any other statements are started.
-	if c.pending == nil {
-		c.pending, _, _ = c.Prepare(`SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 2`)
+	if ctx != nil && ctx.Done() != nil {
+		c.pending.Step()
 	}
-	c.pending.Step()
-
-	// Don't create the goroutine if we're already interrupted.
-	// This happens frequently while restoring to a previously interrupted state.
-	if c.checkInterrupt() {
-		return old
-	}
-
-	waiter := make(chan struct{})
-	c.waiter = waiter
-	go func() {
-		select {
-		case <-waiter: // Waiter was cancelled.
-			break
-
-		case <-ctx.Done(): // Done was closed.
-			buf := c.mem.view(c.handle+c.api.interrupt, 4)
-			(*atomic.Uint32)(unsafe.Pointer(&buf[0])).Store(1)
-			// Wait for the next call to SetInterrupt.
-			<-waiter
-		}
-
-		// Signal that the waiter has finished.
-		waiter <- struct{}{}
-	}()
 	return old
 }
 
-func (c *Conn) checkInterrupt() bool {
-	if c.interrupt == nil || c.interrupt.Err() == nil {
-		return false
+func (c *Conn) checkInterrupt() {
+	if c.interrupt != nil && c.interrupt.Err() != nil {
+		c.call("sqlite3_interrupt", uint64(c.handle))
 	}
-	buf := c.mem.view(c.handle+c.api.interrupt, 4)
-	(*atomic.Uint32)(unsafe.Pointer(&buf[0])).Store(1)
-	return true
 }
 
-// Pragma executes a PRAGMA statement and returns any results.
+func progressCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pDB uint32) uint32 {
+	if c, ok := ctx.Value(connKey{}).(*Conn); ok && c.handle == pDB && c.commit != nil {
+		if c.interrupt != nil && c.interrupt.Err() != nil {
+			return 1
+		}
+	}
+	return 0
+}
+
+// BusyTimeout sets a busy timeout.
 //
-// https://www.sqlite.org/pragma.html
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/busy_timeout.html
+func (c *Conn) BusyTimeout(timeout time.Duration) error {
+	ms := min((timeout+time.Millisecond-1)/time.Millisecond, math.MaxInt32)
+	r := c.call("sqlite3_busy_timeout", uint64(c.handle), uint64(ms))
+	return c.error(r)
+}
+
+// BusyHandler registers a callback to handle [BUSY] errors.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/busy_handler.html
+func (c *Conn) BusyHandler(cb func(count int) (retry bool)) error {
+	var enable uint64
+	if cb != nil {
+		enable = 1
+	}
+	r := c.call("sqlite3_busy_handler_go", uint64(c.handle), enable)
+	if err := c.error(r); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	c.busy = cb
+	return nil
+}
+
+func busyCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pDB, count uint32) uint32 {
+	if c, ok := ctx.Value(connKey{}).(*Conn); ok && c.handle == pDB && c.busy != nil {
+		if retry := c.busy(int(count)); retry {
+			return 1
+		}
+	}
+	return 0
+}
+
+// Deprecated: executes a PRAGMA statement and returns results.
 func (c *Conn) Pragma(str string) ([]string, error) {
 	stmt, _, err := c.Prepare(`PRAGMA ` + str)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -310,21 +384,14 @@ func (c *Conn) Pragma(str string) ([]string, error) {
 }
 
 func (c *Conn) error(rc uint64, sql ...string) error {
-	return c.module.error(rc, c.handle, sql...)
+	return c.sqlite.error(rc, c.handle, sql...)
 }
 
 // DriverConn is implemented by the SQLite [database/sql] driver connection.
 //
-// It can be used to access advanced SQLite features like
-// [savepoints] and [incremental BLOB I/O].
+// It can be used to access SQLite features like [online backup].
 //
-// [savepoints]: https://www.sqlite.org/lang_savepoint.html
-// [incremental BLOB I/O]: https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/blob_open.html
+// [online backup]: https://sqlite.org/backup.html
 type DriverConn interface {
-	driver.ConnBeginTx
-	driver.ExecerContext
-	driver.ConnPrepareContext
-
-	Savepoint() Savepoint
-	OpenBlob(db, table, column string, row int64, write bool) (*Blob, error)
+	Raw() *Conn
 }

const.go

@@ -9,17 +9,18 @@ const (
 
 	_UTF8 = 1
 
-	_MAX_STRING   = 512 // Used for short strings: names, error messages…
-	_MAX_PATHNAME = 512
-
+	_MAX_NAME            = 1e6 // Self-imposed limit for most NUL terminated strings.
+	_MAX_LENGTH          = 1e9
+	_MAX_SQL_LENGTH      = 1e9
 	_MAX_ALLOCATION_SIZE = 0x7ffffeff
+	_MAX_FUNCTION_ARG    = 100
 
 	ptrlen = 4
 )
 
 // ErrorCode is a result code that [Error.Code] might return.
 //
-// https://www.sqlite.org/rescode.html
+// https://sqlite.org/rescode.html
 type ErrorCode uint8
 
 const (
@@ -55,7 +56,7 @@ const (
 
 // ExtendedErrorCode is a result code that [Error.ExtendedCode] might return.
 //
-// https://www.sqlite.org/rescode.html
+// https://sqlite.org/rescode.html
 type (
 	ExtendedErrorCode uint16
 	xErrorCode        = ExtendedErrorCode
@@ -98,6 +99,7 @@ const (
 	IOERR_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC   ExtendedErrorCode = xErrorCode(IOERR) | (31 << 8)
 	IOERR_DATA              ExtendedErrorCode = xErrorCode(IOERR) | (32 << 8)
 	IOERR_CORRUPTFS         ExtendedErrorCode = xErrorCode(IOERR) | (33 << 8)
+	IOERR_IN_PAGE           ExtendedErrorCode = xErrorCode(IOERR) | (34 << 8)
 	LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE      ExtendedErrorCode = xErrorCode(LOCKED) | (1 << 8)
 	LOCKED_VTAB             ExtendedErrorCode = xErrorCode(LOCKED) | (2 << 8)
 	BUSY_RECOVERY           ExtendedErrorCode = xErrorCode(BUSY) | (1 << 8)
@@ -138,39 +140,28 @@ const (
 	AUTH_USER               ExtendedErrorCode = xErrorCode(AUTH) | (1 << 8)
 )
 
-// OpenFlag is a flag for a file open operation.
+// OpenFlag is a flag for the [OpenFlags] function.
 //
-// https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/c_open_autoproxy.html
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/c_open_autoproxy.html
 type OpenFlag uint32
 
 const (
-	OPEN_READONLY      OpenFlag = 0x00000001 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
-	OPEN_READWRITE     OpenFlag = 0x00000002 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
-	OPEN_CREATE        OpenFlag = 0x00000004 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
-	OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE OpenFlag = 0x00000008 /* VFS only */
-	OPEN_EXCLUSIVE     OpenFlag = 0x00000010 /* VFS only */
-	OPEN_AUTOPROXY     OpenFlag = 0x00000020 /* VFS only */
-	OPEN_URI           OpenFlag = 0x00000040 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
-	OPEN_MEMORY        OpenFlag = 0x00000080 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
-	OPEN_MAIN_DB       OpenFlag = 0x00000100 /* VFS only */
-	OPEN_TEMP_DB       OpenFlag = 0x00000200 /* VFS only */
-	OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB  OpenFlag = 0x00000400 /* VFS only */
-	OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL  OpenFlag = 0x00000800 /* VFS only */
-	OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL  OpenFlag = 0x00001000 /* VFS only */
-	OPEN_SUBJOURNAL    OpenFlag = 0x00002000 /* VFS only */
-	OPEN_SUPER_JOURNAL OpenFlag = 0x00004000 /* VFS only */
-	OPEN_NOMUTEX       OpenFlag = 0x00008000 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
-	OPEN_FULLMUTEX     OpenFlag = 0x00010000 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
-	OPEN_SHAREDCACHE   OpenFlag = 0x00020000 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
-	OPEN_PRIVATECACHE  OpenFlag = 0x00040000 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
-	OPEN_WAL           OpenFlag = 0x00080000 /* VFS only */
-	OPEN_NOFOLLOW      OpenFlag = 0x01000000 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
-	OPEN_EXRESCODE     OpenFlag = 0x02000000 /* Extended result codes */
+	OPEN_READONLY     OpenFlag = 0x00000001 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
+	OPEN_READWRITE    OpenFlag = 0x00000002 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
+	OPEN_CREATE       OpenFlag = 0x00000004 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
+	OPEN_URI          OpenFlag = 0x00000040 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
+	OPEN_MEMORY       OpenFlag = 0x00000080 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
+	OPEN_NOMUTEX      OpenFlag = 0x00008000 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
+	OPEN_FULLMUTEX    OpenFlag = 0x00010000 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
+	OPEN_SHAREDCACHE  OpenFlag = 0x00020000 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
+	OPEN_PRIVATECACHE OpenFlag = 0x00040000 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
+	OPEN_NOFOLLOW     OpenFlag = 0x01000000 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
+	OPEN_EXRESCODE    OpenFlag = 0x02000000 /* Extended result codes */
 )
 
 // PrepareFlag is a flag that can be passed to [Conn.PrepareFlags].
 //
-// https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/c_prepare_normalize.html
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/c_prepare_normalize.html
 type PrepareFlag uint32
 
 const (
@@ -179,9 +170,155 @@ const (
 	PREPARE_NO_VTAB    PrepareFlag = 0x04
 )
 
+// FunctionFlag is a flag that can be passed to
+// [Conn.CreateFunction] and [Conn.CreateWindowFunction].
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/c_deterministic.html
+type FunctionFlag uint32
+
+const (
+	DETERMINISTIC  FunctionFlag = 0x000000800
+	DIRECTONLY     FunctionFlag = 0x000080000
+	SUBTYPE        FunctionFlag = 0x000100000
+	INNOCUOUS      FunctionFlag = 0x000200000
+	RESULT_SUBTYPE FunctionFlag = 0x001000000
+)
+
+// StmtStatus name counter values associated with the [Stmt.Status] method.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/c_stmtstatus_counter.html
+type StmtStatus uint32
+
+const (
+	STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP StmtStatus = 1
+	STMTSTATUS_SORT          StmtStatus = 2
+	STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX     StmtStatus = 3
+	STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP       StmtStatus = 4
+	STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE     StmtStatus = 5
+	STMTSTATUS_RUN           StmtStatus = 6
+	STMTSTATUS_FILTER_MISS   StmtStatus = 7
+	STMTSTATUS_FILTER_HIT    StmtStatus = 8
+	STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED       StmtStatus = 99
+)
+
+// DBConfig are the available database connection configuration options.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/c_dbconfig_defensive.html
+type DBConfig uint32
+
+const (
+	// DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME         DBConfig = 1000
+	// DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE          DBConfig = 1001
+	DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY           DBConfig = 1002
+	DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER        DBConfig = 1003
+	DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER DBConfig = 1004
+	DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION DBConfig = 1005
+	DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE      DBConfig = 1006
+	DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG           DBConfig = 1007
+	DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP           DBConfig = 1008
+	DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE        DBConfig = 1009
+	DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE             DBConfig = 1010
+	DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA       DBConfig = 1011
+	DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE    DBConfig = 1012
+	DBCONFIG_DQS_DML               DBConfig = 1013
+	DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL               DBConfig = 1014
+	DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW           DBConfig = 1015
+	DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT    DBConfig = 1016
+	DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA        DBConfig = 1017
+	DBCONFIG_STMT_SCANSTATUS       DBConfig = 1018
+	DBCONFIG_REVERSE_SCANORDER     DBConfig = 1019
+)
+
+// LimitCategory are the available run-time limit categories.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/c_limit_attached.html
+type LimitCategory uint32
+
+const (
+	LIMIT_LENGTH              LimitCategory = 0
+	LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH          LimitCategory = 1
+	LIMIT_COLUMN              LimitCategory = 2
+	LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH          LimitCategory = 3
+	LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT     LimitCategory = 4
+	LIMIT_VDBE_OP             LimitCategory = 5
+	LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG        LimitCategory = 6
+	LIMIT_ATTACHED            LimitCategory = 7
+	LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH LimitCategory = 8
+	LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER     LimitCategory = 9
+	LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH       LimitCategory = 10
+	LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS      LimitCategory = 11
+)
+
+// AuthorizerActionCode are the integer action codes
+// that the authorizer callback may be passed.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/c_alter_table.html
+type AuthorizerActionCode uint32
+
+const (
+	/************************************************ 3rd ************ 4th ***********/
+	CREATE_INDEX        AuthorizerActionCode = 1  /* Index Name      Table Name      */
+	CREATE_TABLE        AuthorizerActionCode = 2  /* Table Name      NULL            */
+	CREATE_TEMP_INDEX   AuthorizerActionCode = 3  /* Index Name      Table Name      */
+	CREATE_TEMP_TABLE   AuthorizerActionCode = 4  /* Table Name      NULL            */
+	CREATE_TEMP_TRIGGER AuthorizerActionCode = 5  /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
+	CREATE_TEMP_VIEW    AuthorizerActionCode = 6  /* View Name       NULL            */
+	CREATE_TRIGGER      AuthorizerActionCode = 7  /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
+	CREATE_VIEW         AuthorizerActionCode = 8  /* View Name       NULL            */
+	DELETE              AuthorizerActionCode = 9  /* Table Name      NULL            */
+	DROP_INDEX          AuthorizerActionCode = 10 /* Index Name      Table Name      */
+	DROP_TABLE          AuthorizerActionCode = 11 /* Table Name      NULL            */
+	DROP_TEMP_INDEX     AuthorizerActionCode = 12 /* Index Name      Table Name      */
+	DROP_TEMP_TABLE     AuthorizerActionCode = 13 /* Table Name      NULL            */
+	DROP_TEMP_TRIGGER   AuthorizerActionCode = 14 /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
+	DROP_TEMP_VIEW      AuthorizerActionCode = 15 /* View Name       NULL            */
+	DROP_TRIGGER        AuthorizerActionCode = 16 /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
+	DROP_VIEW           AuthorizerActionCode = 17 /* View Name       NULL            */
+	INSERT              AuthorizerActionCode = 18 /* Table Name      NULL            */
+	PRAGMA              AuthorizerActionCode = 19 /* Pragma Name     1st arg or NULL */
+	READ                AuthorizerActionCode = 20 /* Table Name      Column Name     */
+	SELECT              AuthorizerActionCode = 21 /* NULL            NULL            */
+	TRANSACTION         AuthorizerActionCode = 22 /* Operation       NULL            */
+	UPDATE              AuthorizerActionCode = 23 /* Table Name      Column Name     */
+	ATTACH              AuthorizerActionCode = 24 /* Filename        NULL            */
+	DETACH              AuthorizerActionCode = 25 /* Database Name   NULL            */
+	ALTER_TABLE         AuthorizerActionCode = 26 /* Database Name   Table Name      */
+	REINDEX             AuthorizerActionCode = 27 /* Index Name      NULL            */
+	ANALYZE             AuthorizerActionCode = 28 /* Table Name      NULL            */
+	CREATE_VTABLE       AuthorizerActionCode = 29 /* Table Name      Module Name     */
+	DROP_VTABLE         AuthorizerActionCode = 30 /* Table Name      Module Name     */
+	FUNCTION            AuthorizerActionCode = 31 /* NULL            Function Name   */
+	SAVEPOINT           AuthorizerActionCode = 32 /* Operation       Savepoint Name  */
+	COPY                AuthorizerActionCode = 0  /* No longer used */
+	RECURSIVE           AuthorizerActionCode = 33 /* NULL            NULL            */
+)
+
+// AuthorizerReturnCode are the integer codes
+// that the authorizer callback may return.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/c_deny.html
+type AuthorizerReturnCode uint32
+
+const (
+	AUTH_OK     AuthorizerReturnCode = 0
+	AUTH_DENY   AuthorizerReturnCode = 1 /* Abort the SQL statement with an error */
+	AUTH_IGNORE AuthorizerReturnCode = 2 /* Don't allow access, but don't generate an error */
+)
+
+// TxnState are the allowed return values from [Conn.TxnState].
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/c_txn_none.html
+type TxnState uint32
+
+const (
+	TXN_NONE  TxnState = 0
+	TXN_READ  TxnState = 1
+	TXN_WRITE TxnState = 2
+)
+
 // Datatype is a fundamental datatype of SQLite.
 //
-// https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/c_blob.html
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/c_blob.html
 type Datatype uint32
 
 const (
@@ -194,34 +331,18 @@ const (
 
 // String implements the [fmt.Stringer] interface.
 func (t Datatype) String() string {
-	const name = "INTEGERFLOATTEXTBLOBNULL"
+	const name = "INTEGERFLOATEXTBLOBNULL"
 	switch t {
 	case INTEGER:
 		return name[0:7]
 	case FLOAT:
 		return name[7:12]
 	case TEXT:
-		return name[12:16]
+		return name[11:15]
 	case BLOB:
-		return name[16:20]
+		return name[15:19]
 	case NULL:
-		return name[20:24]
+		return name[19:23]
 	}
 	return strconv.FormatUint(uint64(t), 10)
 }
-
-type _AccessFlag uint32
-
-const (
-	_ACCESS_EXISTS    _AccessFlag = 0
-	_ACCESS_READWRITE _AccessFlag = 1 /* Used by PRAGMA temp_store_directory */
-	_ACCESS_READ      _AccessFlag = 2 /* Unused */
-)
-
-type _SyncFlag uint32
-
-const (
-	_SYNC_NORMAL   _SyncFlag = 0x00002
-	_SYNC_FULL     _SyncFlag = 0x00003
-	_SYNC_DATAONLY _SyncFlag = 0x00010
-)

context.go

@@ -0,0 +1,229 @@
+package sqlite3
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"math"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
+)
+
+// Context is the context in which an SQL function executes.
+// An SQLite [Context] is in no way related to a Go [context.Context].
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/context.html
+type Context struct {
+	c      *Conn
+	handle uint32
+}
+
+// Conn returns the database connection of the
+// [Conn.CreateFunction] or [Conn.CreateWindowFunction]
+// routines that originally registered the application defined function.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/context_db_handle.html
+func (ctx Context) Conn() *Conn {
+	return ctx.c
+}
+
+// SetAuxData saves metadata for argument n of the function.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/get_auxdata.html
+func (ctx Context) SetAuxData(n int, data any) {
+	ptr := util.AddHandle(ctx.c.ctx, data)
+	ctx.c.call("sqlite3_set_auxdata_go", uint64(ctx.handle), uint64(n), uint64(ptr))
+}
+
+// GetAuxData returns metadata for argument n of the function.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/get_auxdata.html
+func (ctx Context) GetAuxData(n int) any {
+	ptr := uint32(ctx.c.call("sqlite3_get_auxdata", uint64(ctx.handle), uint64(n)))
+	return util.GetHandle(ctx.c.ctx, ptr)
+}
+
+// ResultBool sets the result of the function to a bool.
+// SQLite does not have a separate boolean storage class.
+// Instead, boolean values are stored as integers 0 (false) and 1 (true).
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/result_blob.html
+func (ctx Context) ResultBool(value bool) {
+	var i int64
+	if value {
+		i = 1
+	}
+	ctx.ResultInt64(i)
+}
+
+// ResultInt sets the result of the function to an int.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/result_blob.html
+func (ctx Context) ResultInt(value int) {
+	ctx.ResultInt64(int64(value))
+}
+
+// ResultInt64 sets the result of the function to an int64.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/result_blob.html
+func (ctx Context) ResultInt64(value int64) {
+	ctx.c.call("sqlite3_result_int64",
+		uint64(ctx.handle), uint64(value))
+}
+
+// ResultFloat sets the result of the function to a float64.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/result_blob.html
+func (ctx Context) ResultFloat(value float64) {
+	ctx.c.call("sqlite3_result_double",
+		uint64(ctx.handle), math.Float64bits(value))
+}
+
+// ResultText sets the result of the function to a string.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/result_blob.html
+func (ctx Context) ResultText(value string) {
+	ptr := ctx.c.newString(value)
+	ctx.c.call("sqlite3_result_text64",
+		uint64(ctx.handle), uint64(ptr), uint64(len(value)),
+		uint64(ctx.c.freer), _UTF8)
+}
+
+// ResultRawText sets the text result of the function to a []byte.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/result_blob.html
+func (ctx Context) ResultRawText(value []byte) {
+	ptr := ctx.c.newBytes(value)
+	ctx.c.call("sqlite3_result_text64",
+		uint64(ctx.handle), uint64(ptr), uint64(len(value)),
+		uint64(ctx.c.freer), _UTF8)
+}
+
+// ResultBlob sets the result of the function to a []byte.
+// Returning a nil slice is the same as calling [Context.ResultNull].
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/result_blob.html
+func (ctx Context) ResultBlob(value []byte) {
+	ptr := ctx.c.newBytes(value)
+	ctx.c.call("sqlite3_result_blob64",
+		uint64(ctx.handle), uint64(ptr), uint64(len(value)),
+		uint64(ctx.c.freer))
+}
+
+// ResultZeroBlob sets the result of the function to a zero-filled, length n BLOB.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/result_blob.html
+func (ctx Context) ResultZeroBlob(n int64) {
+	ctx.c.call("sqlite3_result_zeroblob64",
+		uint64(ctx.handle), uint64(n))
+}
+
+// ResultNull sets the result of the function to NULL.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/result_blob.html
+func (ctx Context) ResultNull() {
+	ctx.c.call("sqlite3_result_null",
+		uint64(ctx.handle))
+}
+
+// ResultTime sets the result of the function to a [time.Time].
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/result_blob.html
+func (ctx Context) ResultTime(value time.Time, format TimeFormat) {
+	if format == TimeFormatDefault {
+		ctx.resultRFC3339Nano(value)
+		return
+	}
+	switch v := format.Encode(value).(type) {
+	case string:
+		ctx.ResultText(v)
+	case int64:
+		ctx.ResultInt64(v)
+	case float64:
+		ctx.ResultFloat(v)
+	default:
+		panic(util.AssertErr())
+	}
+}
+
+func (ctx Context) resultRFC3339Nano(value time.Time) {
+	const maxlen = uint64(len(time.RFC3339Nano)) + 5
+
+	ptr := ctx.c.new(maxlen)
+	buf := util.View(ctx.c.mod, ptr, maxlen)
+	buf = value.AppendFormat(buf[:0], time.RFC3339Nano)
+
+	ctx.c.call("sqlite3_result_text64",
+		uint64(ctx.handle), uint64(ptr), uint64(len(buf)),
+		uint64(ctx.c.freer), _UTF8)
+}
+
+// ResultPointer sets the result of the function to NULL, just like [Context.ResultNull],
+// except that it also associates ptr with that NULL value such that it can be retrieved
+// within an application-defined SQL function using [Value.Pointer].
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/result_blob.html
+func (ctx Context) ResultPointer(ptr any) {
+	valPtr := util.AddHandle(ctx.c.ctx, ptr)
+	ctx.c.call("sqlite3_result_pointer_go", uint64(valPtr))
+}
+
+// ResultJSON sets the result of the function to the JSON encoding of value.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/result_blob.html
+func (ctx Context) ResultJSON(value any) {
+	data, err := json.Marshal(value)
+	if err != nil {
+		ctx.ResultError(err)
+		return
+	}
+	ctx.ResultRawText(data)
+}
+
+// ResultValue sets the result of the function to a copy of [Value].
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/result_blob.html
+func (ctx Context) ResultValue(value Value) {
+	if value.c != ctx.c {
+		ctx.ResultError(MISUSE)
+		return
+	}
+	ctx.c.call("sqlite3_result_value",
+		uint64(ctx.handle), uint64(value.handle))
+}
+
+// ResultError sets the result of the function an error.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/result_blob.html
+func (ctx Context) ResultError(err error) {
+	if errors.Is(err, NOMEM) {
+		ctx.c.call("sqlite3_result_error_nomem", uint64(ctx.handle))
+		return
+	}
+
+	if errors.Is(err, TOOBIG) {
+		ctx.c.call("sqlite3_result_error_toobig", uint64(ctx.handle))
+		return
+	}
+
+	msg, code := errorCode(err, _OK)
+	if msg != "" {
+		defer ctx.c.arena.mark()()
+		ptr := ctx.c.arena.string(msg)
+		ctx.c.call("sqlite3_result_error",
+			uint64(ctx.handle), uint64(ptr), uint64(len(msg)))
+	}
+	if code != _OK {
+		ctx.c.call("sqlite3_result_error_code",
+			uint64(ctx.handle), uint64(code))
+	}
+}
+
+// VTabNoChange may return true if a column is being fetched as part
+// of an update during which the column value will not change.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/vtab_nochange.html
+func (ctx Context) VTabNoChange() bool {
+	r := ctx.c.call("sqlite3_vtab_nochange", uint64(ctx.handle))
+	return r != 0
+}

driver/driver.go

@@ -12,235 +12,334 @@
 //
 //	sql.Open("sqlite3", "file:demo.db?_txlock=immediate")
 //
+// Possible values are: "deferred", "immediate", "exclusive".
+// A [read-only] transaction is always "deferred", regardless of "_txlock".
+//
+// The time encoding/decoding format can be specified using "_timefmt":
+//
+//	sql.Open("sqlite3", "file:demo.db?_timefmt=sqlite")
+//
+// Possible values are: "auto" (the default), "sqlite", "rfc3339";
+// "auto" encodes as RFC 3339 and decodes any [format] supported by SQLite;
+// "sqlite" encodes as SQLite and decodes any [format] supported by SQLite;
+// "rfc3339" encodes and decodes RFC 3339 only.
+//
 // [PRAGMA] statements can be specified using "_pragma":
 //
-//	sql.Open("sqlite3", "file:demo.db?_pragma=busy_timeout(10000)&_pragma=locking_mode(normal)")
+//	sql.Open("sqlite3", "file:demo.db?_pragma=busy_timeout(10000)")
 //
-// If no PRAGMAs are specifed, a busy timeout of 1 minute
-// and normal locking mode are used.
+// If no PRAGMAs are specified, a busy timeout of 1 minute is set.
 //
-// [URI]: https://www.sqlite.org/uri.html
-// [PRAGMA]: https://www.sqlite.org/pragma.html
-// [TRANSACTION]: https://www.sqlite.org/lang_transaction.html#deferred_immediate_and_exclusive_transactions
+// Order matters:
+// busy timeout and locking mode should be the first PRAGMAs set, in that order.
+//
+// [URI]: https://sqlite.org/uri.html
+// [PRAGMA]: https://sqlite.org/pragma.html
+// [format]: https://sqlite.org/lang_datefunc.html#time_values
+// [TRANSACTION]: https://sqlite.org/lang_transaction.html#deferred_immediate_and_exclusive_transactions
+// [read-only]: https://pkg.go.dev/database/sql#TxOptions
 package driver
 
 import (
 	"context"
 	"database/sql"
 	"database/sql/driver"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"net/url"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
+	"unsafe"
 
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
 )
 
+// This variable can be replaced with -ldflags:
+//
+//	go build -ldflags="-X github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver.driverName=sqlite"
+var driverName = "sqlite3"
+
 func init() {
-	sql.Register("sqlite3", sqlite{})
+	if driverName != "" {
+		sql.Register(driverName, sqlite{})
+	}
+}
+
+// Open opens the SQLite database specified by dataSourceName as a [database/sql.DB].
+//
+// The init function is called by the driver on new connections.
+// The conn can be used to execute queries, register functions, etc.
+// Any error return closes the conn and passes the error to [database/sql].
+func Open(dataSourceName string, init func(*sqlite3.Conn) error) (*sql.DB, error) {
+	c, err := newConnector(dataSourceName, init)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return sql.OpenDB(c), nil
 }
 
 type sqlite struct{}
 
-func (sqlite) Open(name string) (_ driver.Conn, err error) {
-	c, err := sqlite3.OpenFlags(name, sqlite3.OPEN_READWRITE|sqlite3.OPEN_CREATE|sqlite3.OPEN_URI|sqlite3.OPEN_EXRESCODE)
+func (sqlite) Open(name string) (driver.Conn, error) {
+	c, err := newConnector(name, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
+	return c.Connect(context.Background())
+}
 
-	var txBegin string
-	var pragmas []string
+func (sqlite) OpenConnector(name string) (driver.Connector, error) {
+	return newConnector(name, nil)
+}
+
+func newConnector(name string, init func(*sqlite3.Conn) error) (*connector, error) {
+	c := connector{name: name, init: init}
+
+	var txlock, timefmt string
 	if strings.HasPrefix(name, "file:") {
 		if _, after, ok := strings.Cut(name, "?"); ok {
-			query, _ := url.ParseQuery(after)
-
-			switch s := query.Get("_txlock"); s {
-			case "":
-				txBegin = "BEGIN"
-			case "deferred", "immediate", "exclusive":
-				txBegin = "BEGIN " + s
-			default:
-				c.Close()
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("sqlite3: invalid _txlock: %s", s)
+			query, err := url.ParseQuery(after)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
 			}
-
-			pragmas = query["_pragma"]
+			txlock = query.Get("_txlock")
+			timefmt = query.Get("_timefmt")
+			c.pragmas = query.Has("_pragma")
 		}
 	}
-	if len(pragmas) == 0 {
-		err := c.Exec(`
-			PRAGMA busy_timeout=60000;
-			PRAGMA locking_mode=normal;
-		`)
+
+	switch txlock {
+	case "":
+		c.txBegin = "BEGIN"
+	case "deferred", "immediate", "exclusive":
+		c.txBegin = "BEGIN " + txlock
+	default:
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("sqlite3: invalid _txlock: %s", txlock)
+	}
+
+	switch timefmt {
+	case "":
+		c.tmRead = sqlite3.TimeFormatAuto
+		c.tmWrite = sqlite3.TimeFormatDefault
+	case "sqlite":
+		c.tmRead = sqlite3.TimeFormatAuto
+		c.tmWrite = sqlite3.TimeFormat3
+	case "rfc3339":
+		c.tmRead = sqlite3.TimeFormatDefault
+		c.tmWrite = sqlite3.TimeFormatDefault
+	default:
+		c.tmRead = sqlite3.TimeFormat(timefmt)
+		c.tmWrite = sqlite3.TimeFormat(timefmt)
+	}
+	return &c, nil
+}
+
+type connector struct {
+	init    func(*sqlite3.Conn) error
+	name    string
+	txBegin string
+	tmRead  sqlite3.TimeFormat
+	tmWrite sqlite3.TimeFormat
+	pragmas bool
+}
+
+func (n *connector) Driver() driver.Driver {
+	return sqlite{}
+}
+
+func (n *connector) Connect(ctx context.Context) (_ driver.Conn, err error) {
+	c := &conn{
+		txBegin: n.txBegin,
+		tmRead:  n.tmRead,
+		tmWrite: n.tmWrite,
+	}
+
+	c.Conn, err = sqlite3.Open(n.name)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer func() {
 		if err != nil {
 			c.Close()
+		}
+	}()
+
+	old := c.Conn.SetInterrupt(ctx)
+	defer c.Conn.SetInterrupt(old)
+
+	if !n.pragmas {
+		err = c.Conn.BusyTimeout(60 * time.Second)
+		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 	}
-
-	return conn{
-		conn:    c,
-		txBegin: txBegin,
-	}, nil
+	if n.init != nil {
+		err = n.init(c.Conn)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	if n.pragmas || n.init != nil {
+		s, _, err := c.Conn.Prepare(`PRAGMA query_only`)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		if s.Step() && s.ColumnBool(0) {
+			c.readOnly = '1'
+		} else {
+			c.readOnly = '0'
+		}
+		err = s.Close()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	return c, nil
 }
 
 type conn struct {
-	conn       *sqlite3.Conn
+	*sqlite3.Conn
 	txBegin    string
 	txCommit   string
 	txRollback string
+	tmRead     sqlite3.TimeFormat
+	tmWrite    sqlite3.TimeFormat
+	readOnly   byte
 }
 
 var (
 	// Ensure these interfaces are implemented:
-	_ driver.ExecerContext = conn{}
-	_ driver.ConnBeginTx   = conn{}
-	_ driver.Validator     = conn{}
-	_ sqlite3.DriverConn   = conn{}
+	_ driver.ConnPrepareContext = &conn{}
+	_ driver.ExecerContext      = &conn{}
+	_ driver.ConnBeginTx        = &conn{}
+	_ sqlite3.DriverConn        = &conn{}
 )
 
-func (c conn) Close() error {
-	return c.conn.Close()
+func (c *conn) Raw() *sqlite3.Conn {
+	return c.Conn
 }
 
-func (c conn) IsValid() (valid bool) {
-	r, err := c.conn.Pragma("locking_mode")
-	return err == nil && len(r) == 1 && r[0] == "normal"
-}
-
-func (c conn) Begin() (driver.Tx, error) {
+func (c *conn) Begin() (driver.Tx, error) {
 	return c.BeginTx(context.Background(), driver.TxOptions{})
 }
 
-func (c conn) BeginTx(_ context.Context, opts driver.TxOptions) (driver.Tx, error) {
+func (c *conn) BeginTx(ctx context.Context, opts driver.TxOptions) (driver.Tx, error) {
 	txBegin := c.txBegin
 	c.txCommit = `COMMIT`
 	c.txRollback = `ROLLBACK`
 
 	if opts.ReadOnly {
-		query_only, err := c.conn.Pragma("query_only")
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
 		txBegin = `
 			BEGIN deferred;
 			PRAGMA query_only=on`
-		c.txCommit = `
+		c.txRollback = `
 			ROLLBACK;
-			PRAGMA query_only=` + query_only[0]
-		c.txRollback = c.txCommit
+			PRAGMA query_only=` + string(c.readOnly)
+		c.txCommit = c.txRollback
 	}
 
 	switch opts.Isolation {
 	default:
-		return nil, isolationErr
+		return nil, util.IsolationErr
 	case
 		driver.IsolationLevel(sql.LevelDefault),
 		driver.IsolationLevel(sql.LevelSerializable):
 		break
-	case driver.IsolationLevel(sql.LevelReadUncommitted):
-		read_uncommitted, err := c.conn.Pragma("read_uncommitted")
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		txBegin += `; PRAGMA read_uncommitted=on`
-		c.txCommit += `; PRAGMA read_uncommitted=` + read_uncommitted[0]
-		c.txRollback += `; PRAGMA read_uncommitted=` + read_uncommitted[0]
 	}
 
-	err := c.conn.Exec(txBegin)
+	old := c.Conn.SetInterrupt(ctx)
+	defer c.Conn.SetInterrupt(old)
+
+	err := c.Conn.Exec(txBegin)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	return c, nil
 }
 
-func (c conn) Commit() error {
-	err := c.conn.Exec(c.txCommit)
-	if err != nil && !c.conn.GetAutocommit() {
+func (c *conn) Commit() error {
+	err := c.Conn.Exec(c.txCommit)
+	if err != nil && !c.Conn.GetAutocommit() {
 		c.Rollback()
 	}
 	return err
 }
 
-func (c conn) Rollback() error {
-	return c.conn.Exec(c.txRollback)
+func (c *conn) Rollback() error {
+	err := c.Conn.Exec(c.txRollback)
+	if errors.Is(err, sqlite3.INTERRUPT) {
+		old := c.Conn.SetInterrupt(context.Background())
+		defer c.Conn.SetInterrupt(old)
+		err = c.Conn.Exec(c.txRollback)
+	}
+	return err
 }
 
-func (c conn) Prepare(query string) (driver.Stmt, error) {
-	s, tail, err := c.conn.Prepare(query)
+func (c *conn) Prepare(query string) (driver.Stmt, error) {
+	return c.PrepareContext(context.Background(), query)
+}
+
+func (c *conn) PrepareContext(ctx context.Context, query string) (driver.Stmt, error) {
+	old := c.Conn.SetInterrupt(ctx)
+	defer c.Conn.SetInterrupt(old)
+
+	s, tail, err := c.Conn.Prepare(query)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	if tail != "" {
-		// Check if the tail contains any SQL.
-		st, _, err := c.conn.Prepare(tail)
-		if err != nil {
-			s.Close()
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		if st != nil {
-			s.Close()
-			st.Close()
-			return nil, tailErr
-		}
+		s.Close()
+		return nil, util.TailErr
 	}
-	return stmt{s, c.conn}, nil
+	return &stmt{Stmt: s, tmRead: c.tmRead, tmWrite: c.tmWrite}, nil
 }
 
-func (c conn) PrepareContext(_ context.Context, query string) (driver.Stmt, error) {
-	return c.Prepare(query)
-}
-
-func (c conn) ExecContext(ctx context.Context, query string, args []driver.NamedValue) (driver.Result, error) {
+func (c *conn) ExecContext(ctx context.Context, query string, args []driver.NamedValue) (driver.Result, error) {
 	if len(args) != 0 {
 		// Slow path.
 		return nil, driver.ErrSkip
 	}
 
-	old := c.conn.SetInterrupt(ctx)
-	defer c.conn.SetInterrupt(old)
+	if savept, ok := ctx.(*saveptCtx); ok {
+		// Called from driver.Savepoint.
+		savept.Savepoint = c.Conn.Savepoint()
+		return resultRowsAffected(0), nil
+	}
 
-	err := c.conn.Exec(query)
+	old := c.Conn.SetInterrupt(ctx)
+	defer c.Conn.SetInterrupt(old)
+
+	err := c.Conn.Exec(query)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	return result{
-		c.conn.LastInsertRowID(),
-		c.conn.Changes(),
-	}, nil
+	return newResult(c.Conn), nil
 }
 
-func (c conn) Savepoint() sqlite3.Savepoint {
-	return c.conn.Savepoint()
-}
-
-func (c conn) OpenBlob(db, table, column string, row int64, write bool) (*sqlite3.Blob, error) {
-	return c.conn.OpenBlob(db, table, column, row, write)
+func (*conn) CheckNamedValue(arg *driver.NamedValue) error {
+	return nil
 }
 
 type stmt struct {
-	stmt *sqlite3.Stmt
-	conn *sqlite3.Conn
+	*sqlite3.Stmt
+	tmWrite sqlite3.TimeFormat
+	tmRead  sqlite3.TimeFormat
 }
 
 var (
 	// Ensure these interfaces are implemented:
-	_ driver.StmtExecContext   = stmt{}
-	_ driver.StmtQueryContext  = stmt{}
-	_ driver.NamedValueChecker = stmt{}
+	_ driver.StmtExecContext   = &stmt{}
+	_ driver.StmtQueryContext  = &stmt{}
+	_ driver.NamedValueChecker = &stmt{}
 )
 
-func (s stmt) Close() error {
-	return s.stmt.Close()
-}
-
-func (s stmt) NumInput() int {
-	n := s.stmt.BindCount()
+func (s *stmt) NumInput() int {
+	n := s.Stmt.BindCount()
 	for i := 1; i <= n; i++ {
-		if s.stmt.BindName(i) != "" {
+		if s.Stmt.BindName(i) != "" {
 			return -1
 		}
 	}
@@ -248,39 +347,45 @@ func (s stmt) NumInput() int {
 }
 
 // Deprecated: use ExecContext instead.
-func (s stmt) Exec(args []driver.Value) (driver.Result, error) {
+func (s *stmt) Exec(args []driver.Value) (driver.Result, error) {
 	return s.ExecContext(context.Background(), namedValues(args))
 }
 
 // Deprecated: use QueryContext instead.
-func (s stmt) Query(args []driver.Value) (driver.Rows, error) {
+func (s *stmt) Query(args []driver.Value) (driver.Rows, error) {
 	return s.QueryContext(context.Background(), namedValues(args))
 }
 
-func (s stmt) ExecContext(ctx context.Context, args []driver.NamedValue) (driver.Result, error) {
-	// Use QueryContext to setup bindings.
-	// No need to close rows: that simply resets the statement, exec does the same.
-	_, err := s.QueryContext(ctx, args)
+func (s *stmt) ExecContext(ctx context.Context, args []driver.NamedValue) (driver.Result, error) {
+	err := s.setupBindings(args)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	err = s.stmt.Exec()
+	old := s.Stmt.Conn().SetInterrupt(ctx)
+	defer s.Stmt.Conn().SetInterrupt(old)
+
+	err = s.Stmt.Exec()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	return result{
-		int64(s.conn.LastInsertRowID()),
-		int64(s.conn.Changes()),
-	}, nil
+	return newResult(s.Stmt.Conn()), nil
 }
 
-func (s stmt) QueryContext(ctx context.Context, args []driver.NamedValue) (driver.Rows, error) {
-	err := s.stmt.ClearBindings()
+func (s *stmt) QueryContext(ctx context.Context, args []driver.NamedValue) (driver.Rows, error) {
+	err := s.setupBindings(args)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
+	return &rows{ctx: ctx, stmt: s}, nil
+}
+
+func (s *stmt) setupBindings(args []driver.NamedValue) error {
+	err := s.Stmt.ClearBindings()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
 
 	var ids [3]int
 	for _, arg := range args {
@@ -289,7 +394,7 @@ func (s stmt) QueryContext(ctx context.Context, args []driver.NamedValue) (drive
 			ids = append(ids, arg.Ordinal)
 		} else {
 			for _, prefix := range []string{":", "@", "$"} {
-				if id := s.stmt.BindIndex(prefix + arg.Name); id != 0 {
+				if id := s.Stmt.BindIndex(prefix + arg.Name); id != 0 {
 					ids = append(ids, id)
 				}
 			}
@@ -298,45 +403,61 @@ func (s stmt) QueryContext(ctx context.Context, args []driver.NamedValue) (drive
 		for _, id := range ids {
 			switch a := arg.Value.(type) {
 			case bool:
-				err = s.stmt.BindBool(id, a)
+				err = s.Stmt.BindBool(id, a)
 			case int:
-				err = s.stmt.BindInt(id, a)
+				err = s.Stmt.BindInt(id, a)
 			case int64:
-				err = s.stmt.BindInt64(id, a)
+				err = s.Stmt.BindInt64(id, a)
 			case float64:
-				err = s.stmt.BindFloat(id, a)
+				err = s.Stmt.BindFloat(id, a)
 			case string:
-				err = s.stmt.BindText(id, a)
+				err = s.Stmt.BindText(id, a)
 			case []byte:
-				err = s.stmt.BindBlob(id, a)
+				err = s.Stmt.BindBlob(id, a)
 			case sqlite3.ZeroBlob:
-				err = s.stmt.BindZeroBlob(id, int64(a))
+				err = s.Stmt.BindZeroBlob(id, int64(a))
 			case time.Time:
-				err = s.stmt.BindText(id, a.Format(time.RFC3339Nano))
+				err = s.Stmt.BindTime(id, a, s.tmWrite)
+			case util.JSON:
+				err = s.Stmt.BindJSON(id, a.Value)
+			case util.PointerUnwrap:
+				err = s.Stmt.BindPointer(id, util.UnwrapPointer(a))
 			case nil:
-				err = s.stmt.BindNull(id)
+				err = s.Stmt.BindNull(id)
 			default:
-				panic(assertErr)
+				panic(util.AssertErr())
 			}
 		}
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
+			return err
 		}
 	}
-
-	return rows{ctx, s.stmt, s.conn}, nil
+	return nil
 }
 
-func (s stmt) CheckNamedValue(arg *driver.NamedValue) error {
+func (s *stmt) CheckNamedValue(arg *driver.NamedValue) error {
 	switch arg.Value.(type) {
 	case bool, int, int64, float64, string, []byte,
-		sqlite3.ZeroBlob, time.Time, nil:
+		time.Time, sqlite3.ZeroBlob,
+		util.JSON, util.PointerUnwrap,
+		nil:
 		return nil
 	default:
 		return driver.ErrSkip
 	}
 }
 
+func newResult(c *sqlite3.Conn) driver.Result {
+	rows := c.Changes()
+	if rows != 0 {
+		id := c.LastInsertRowID()
+		if id != 0 {
+			return result{id, rows}
+		}
+	}
+	return resultRowsAffected(rows)
+}
+
 type result struct{ lastInsertId, rowsAffected int64 }
 
 func (r result) LastInsertId() (int64, error) {
@@ -347,57 +468,104 @@ func (r result) RowsAffected() (int64, error) {
 	return r.rowsAffected, nil
 }
 
+type resultRowsAffected int64
+
+func (r resultRowsAffected) LastInsertId() (int64, error) {
+	return 0, nil
+}
+
+func (r resultRowsAffected) RowsAffected() (int64, error) {
+	return int64(r), nil
+}
+
 type rows struct {
-	ctx  context.Context
-	stmt *sqlite3.Stmt
-	conn *sqlite3.Conn
+	ctx context.Context
+	*stmt
+	names []string
+	types []string
 }
 
-func (r rows) Close() error {
-	return r.stmt.Reset()
+func (r *rows) Close() error {
+	r.Stmt.ClearBindings()
+	return r.Stmt.Reset()
 }
 
-func (r rows) Columns() []string {
-	count := r.stmt.ColumnCount()
-	columns := make([]string, count)
-	for i := range columns {
-		columns[i] = r.stmt.ColumnName(i)
+func (r *rows) Columns() []string {
+	if r.names == nil {
+		count := r.Stmt.ColumnCount()
+		r.names = make([]string, count)
+		for i := range r.names {
+			r.names[i] = r.Stmt.ColumnName(i)
+		}
 	}
-	return columns
+	return r.names
 }
 
-func (r rows) Next(dest []driver.Value) error {
-	old := r.conn.SetInterrupt(r.ctx)
-	defer r.conn.SetInterrupt(old)
+func (r *rows) declType(index int) string {
+	if r.types == nil {
+		count := r.Stmt.ColumnCount()
+		r.types = make([]string, count)
+		for i := range r.types {
+			r.types[i] = strings.ToUpper(r.Stmt.ColumnDeclType(i))
+		}
+	}
+	return r.types[index]
+}
 
-	if !r.stmt.Step() {
-		if err := r.stmt.Err(); err != nil {
+func (r *rows) ColumnTypeDatabaseTypeName(index int) string {
+	decltype := r.declType(index)
+	if len := len(decltype); len > 0 && decltype[len-1] == ')' {
+		if i := strings.LastIndexByte(decltype, '('); i >= 0 {
+			decltype = decltype[:i]
+		}
+	}
+	return strings.TrimSpace(decltype)
+}
+
+func (r *rows) Next(dest []driver.Value) error {
+	old := r.Stmt.Conn().SetInterrupt(r.ctx)
+	defer r.Stmt.Conn().SetInterrupt(old)
+
+	if !r.Stmt.Step() {
+		if err := r.Stmt.Err(); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 		return io.EOF
 	}
 
+	data := unsafe.Slice((*any)(unsafe.SliceData(dest)), len(dest))
+	err := r.Stmt.Columns(data)
 	for i := range dest {
-		switch r.stmt.ColumnType(i) {
-		case sqlite3.INTEGER:
-			dest[i] = r.stmt.ColumnInt64(i)
-		case sqlite3.FLOAT:
-			dest[i] = r.stmt.ColumnFloat(i)
-		case sqlite3.TEXT:
-			dest[i] = maybeTime(r.stmt.ColumnText(i))
-		case sqlite3.BLOB:
-			buf, _ := dest[i].([]byte)
-			dest[i] = r.stmt.ColumnBlob(i, buf)
-		case sqlite3.NULL:
-			if buf, ok := dest[i].([]byte); ok {
-				dest[i] = buf[0:0]
-			} else {
-				dest[i] = nil
+		if t, ok := r.decodeTime(i, dest[i]); ok {
+			dest[i] = t
+			continue
+		}
+		if s, ok := dest[i].(string); ok {
+			t, ok := maybeTime(s)
+			if ok {
+				dest[i] = t
 			}
-		default:
-			panic(assertErr)
 		}
 	}
-
-	return r.stmt.Err()
+	return err
+}
+
+func (r *rows) decodeTime(i int, v any) (_ time.Time, _ bool) {
+	if r.tmRead == sqlite3.TimeFormatDefault {
+		return
+	}
+	switch r.declType(i) {
+	case "DATE", "TIME", "DATETIME", "TIMESTAMP":
+		// maybe
+	default:
+		return
+	}
+	switch v.(type) {
+	case int64, float64, string:
+		// maybe
+	default:
+		return
+	}
+	t, err := r.tmRead.Decode(v)
+	return t, err == nil
 }

driver/driver_test.go

@@ -6,11 +6,14 @@ import (
 	"database/sql"
 	"errors"
 	"math"
+	"net/url"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
 )
 
 func Test_Open_dir(t *testing.T) {
@@ -112,13 +115,7 @@ func Test_Open_txLock(t *testing.T) {
 func Test_Open_txLock_invalid(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	db, err := sql.Open("sqlite3", "file::memory:?_txlock=xclusive")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	defer db.Close()
-
-	_, err = db.Conn(context.TODO())
+	_, err := sql.Open("sqlite3", "file::memory:?_txlock=xclusive")
 	if err == nil {
 		t.Fatal("want error")
 	}
@@ -142,20 +139,10 @@ func Test_BeginTx(t *testing.T) {
 	defer db.Close()
 
 	_, err = db.BeginTx(ctx, &sql.TxOptions{Isolation: sql.LevelReadCommitted})
-	if err.Error() != string(isolationErr) {
+	if err.Error() != string(util.IsolationErr) {
 		t.Error("want isolationErr")
 	}
 
-	tx, err := db.BeginTx(ctx, &sql.TxOptions{Isolation: sql.LevelReadUncommitted})
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	err = tx.Rollback()
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
 	tx1, err := db.BeginTx(ctx, &sql.TxOptions{ReadOnly: true})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
@@ -194,12 +181,6 @@ func Test_Prepare(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	defer db.Close()
 
-	stmt, err := db.Prepare(`SELECT 1; -- HERE`)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Error(err)
-	}
-	defer stmt.Close()
-
 	var serr *sqlite3.Error
 	_, err = db.Prepare(`SELECT`)
 	if err == nil {
@@ -215,22 +196,18 @@ func Test_Prepare(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Error("got message:", got)
 	}
 
+	_, err = db.Prepare(`SELECT 1; `)
+	if err.Error() != string(util.TailErr) {
+		t.Error("want tailErr")
+	}
+
 	_, err = db.Prepare(`SELECT 1; SELECT`)
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Error("want error")
-	}
-	if !errors.As(err, &serr) {
-		t.Fatalf("got %T, want sqlite3.Error", err)
-	}
-	if rc := serr.Code(); rc != sqlite3.ERROR {
-		t.Errorf("got %d, want sqlite3.ERROR", rc)
-	}
-	if got := err.Error(); got != `sqlite3: SQL logic error: incomplete input` {
-		t.Error("got message:", got)
+	if err.Error() != string(util.TailErr) {
+		t.Error("want tailErr")
 	}
 
 	_, err = db.Prepare(`SELECT 1; SELECT 2`)
-	if err.Error() != string(tailErr) {
+	if err.Error() != string(util.TailErr) {
 		t.Error("want tailErr")
 	}
 }
@@ -305,10 +282,11 @@ func Test_QueryRow_blob_null(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
+	defer rows.Close()
 
 	want := [][]byte{nil, {0xca, 0xfe}, {0xba, 0xbe}, nil}
 	for i := 0; rows.Next(); i++ {
-		var buf []byte
+		var buf sql.RawBytes
 		err = rows.Scan(&buf)
 		if err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
@@ -318,3 +296,39 @@ func Test_QueryRow_blob_null(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 }
+
+func Test_time(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	for _, fmt := range []string{"auto", "sqlite", "rfc3339", time.ANSIC} {
+		t.Run(fmt, func(t *testing.T) {
+			db, err := sql.Open("sqlite3", "file::memory:?_timefmt="+url.QueryEscape(fmt))
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			defer db.Close()
+
+			twosday := time.Date(2022, 2, 22, 22, 22, 22, 0, time.UTC)
+
+			_, err = db.Exec(`CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS test (at DATETIME)`)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO test VALUES (?)`, twosday)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			var got time.Time
+			err = db.QueryRow(`SELECT * FROM test`).Scan(&got)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			if !got.Equal(twosday) {
+				t.Errorf("got: %v", got)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

driver/error.go

@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-package driver
-
-type errorString string
-
-func (e errorString) Error() string { return string(e) }
-
-const (
-	assertErr    = errorString("sqlite3: assertion failed")
-	tailErr      = errorString("sqlite3: multiple statements")
-	isolationErr = errorString("sqlite3: unsupported isolation level")
-)

driver/json_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+package driver_test
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver"
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed"
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs/memdb"
+)
+
+func Example_json() {
+	db, err := driver.Open("file:/test.db?vfs=memdb", nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	_, err = db.Exec(`
+		CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS orders (
+			cart_id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
+			user_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
+			cart    TEXT
+		);
+	`)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	type CartItem struct {
+		ItemID   string `json:"id"`
+		Name     string `json:"name"`
+		Quantity int    `json:"quantity,omitempty"`
+		Price    int    `json:"price,omitempty"`
+	}
+
+	type Cart struct {
+		Items []CartItem `json:"items"`
+	}
+
+	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO orders (user_id, cart) VALUES (?, ?)`, 123, sqlite3.JSON(Cart{
+		[]CartItem{
+			{ItemID: "111", Name: "T-shirt", Quantity: 1, Price: 250},
+			{ItemID: "222", Name: "Trousers", Quantity: 1, Price: 600},
+		},
+	}))
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	var total string
+	err = db.QueryRow(`
+		SELECT total(json_each.value -> 'price')
+		FROM orders, json_each(cart -> 'items')
+		WHERE cart_id = last_insert_rowid()
+	`).Scan(&total)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println("total:", total)
+	// Output:
+	// total: 850
+}

driver/savepoint.go

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+package driver
+
+import (
+	"database/sql"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+)
+
+// Savepoint establishes a new transaction savepoint.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/lang_savepoint.html
+func Savepoint(tx *sql.Tx) sqlite3.Savepoint {
+	var ctx saveptCtx
+	tx.ExecContext(&ctx, "")
+	return ctx.Savepoint
+}
+
+type saveptCtx struct{ sqlite3.Savepoint }
+
+func (*saveptCtx) Deadline() (deadline time.Time, ok bool) { return }
+
+func (*saveptCtx) Done() <-chan struct{} { return nil }
+
+func (*saveptCtx) Err() error { return nil }
+
+func (*saveptCtx) Value(key any) any { return nil }

driver/savepoint_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+package driver_test
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver"
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed"
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs/memdb"
+)
+
+func ExampleSavepoint() {
+	db, err := driver.Open("file:/test.db?vfs=memdb", nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	_, err = db.Exec(`CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS users (id INT, name VARCHAR(10))`)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	err = func() error {
+		tx, err := db.Begin()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		defer tx.Rollback()
+
+		stmt, err := tx.Prepare(`INSERT INTO users (id, name) VALUES (?, ?)`)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		defer stmt.Close()
+
+		_, err = stmt.Exec(0, "go")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		_, err = stmt.Exec(1, "zig")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		savept := driver.Savepoint(tx)
+
+		_, err = stmt.Exec(2, "whatever")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		err = savept.Rollback()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		_, err = stmt.Exec(3, "rust")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		return tx.Commit()
+	}()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	rows, err := db.Query(`SELECT id, name FROM users`)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var id, name string
+		err = rows.Scan(&id, &name)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("%s %s\n", id, name)
+	}
+	// Output:
+	// 0 go
+	// 1 zig
+	// 3 rust
+}

driver/time.go

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package driver
 
 import (
-	"database/sql/driver"
 	"time"
 )
 
@@ -9,23 +8,24 @@ import (
 // if it roundtrips back to the same string.
 // This way times can be persisted to, and recovered from, the database,
 // but if a string is needed, [database/sql] will recover the same string.
-func maybeTime(text string) driver.Value {
+func maybeTime(text string) (_ time.Time, _ bool) {
 	// Weed out (some) values that can't possibly be
 	// [time.RFC3339Nano] timestamps.
 	if len(text) < len("2006-01-02T15:04:05Z") {
-		return text
+		return
 	}
 	if len(text) > len(time.RFC3339Nano) {
-		return text
+		return
 	}
 	if text[4] != '-' || text[10] != 'T' || text[16] != ':' {
-		return text
+		return
 	}
 
 	// Slow path.
+	var buf [len(time.RFC3339Nano)]byte
 	date, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339Nano, text)
-	if err == nil && date.Format(time.RFC3339Nano) == text {
-		return date
+	if err == nil && text == string(date.AppendFormat(buf[:0], time.RFC3339Nano)) {
+		return date, true
 	}
-	return text
+	return
 }

driver/time_test.go

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 // This checks that any string can be recovered as the same string.
-func Fuzz_maybeTime_1(f *testing.F) {
+func Fuzz_stringOrTime_1(f *testing.F) {
 	f.Add("")
 	f.Add(" ")
 	f.Add("SQLite")
@@ -22,65 +22,53 @@ func Fuzz_maybeTime_1(f *testing.F) {
 	f.Add("Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.")
 
 	f.Fuzz(func(t *testing.T, str string) {
-		value := maybeTime(str)
-
-		switch v := value.(type) {
-		case time.Time:
+		v, ok := maybeTime(str)
+		if ok {
 			// Make sure times round-trip to the same string:
 			// https://pkg.go.dev/database/sql#Rows.Scan
 			if v.Format(time.RFC3339Nano) != str {
 				t.Fatalf("did not round-trip: %q", str)
 			}
-		case string:
-			if v != str {
-				t.Fatalf("did not round-trip: %q", str)
-			}
-
+		} else {
 			date, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339Nano, str)
 			if err == nil && date.Format(time.RFC3339Nano) == str {
 				t.Fatalf("would round-trip: %q", str)
 			}
-		default:
-			t.Fatalf("invalid type %T: %q", v, str)
 		}
 	})
 }
 
 // This checks that any [time.Time] can be recovered as a [time.Time],
 // with nanosecond accuracy, and preserving any timezone offset.
-func Fuzz_maybeTime_2(f *testing.F) {
-	f.Add(0, 0)
-	f.Add(0, 1)
-	f.Add(0, -1)
-	f.Add(0, 999_999_999)
-	f.Add(0, 1_000_000_000)
-	f.Add(7956915742, 222_222_222)    // twosday
-	f.Add(639095955742, 222_222_222)  // twosday, year 22222AD
-	f.Add(-763421161058, 222_222_222) // twosday, year 22222BC
+func Fuzz_stringOrTime_2(f *testing.F) {
+	f.Add(int64(0), int64(0))
+	f.Add(int64(0), int64(1))
+	f.Add(int64(0), int64(-1))
+	f.Add(int64(0), int64(999_999_999))
+	f.Add(int64(0), int64(1_000_000_000))
+	f.Add(int64(7956915742), int64(222_222_222))    // twosday
+	f.Add(int64(639095955742), int64(222_222_222))  // twosday, year 22222AD
+	f.Add(int64(-763421161058), int64(222_222_222)) // twosday, year 22222BC
 
-	checkTime := func(t *testing.T, date time.Time) {
-		value := maybeTime(date.Format(time.RFC3339Nano))
-
-		switch v := value.(type) {
-		case time.Time:
+	checkTime := func(t testing.TB, date time.Time) {
+		v, ok := maybeTime(date.Format(time.RFC3339Nano))
+		if ok {
 			// Make sure times round-trip to the same time:
 			if !v.Equal(date) {
 				t.Fatalf("did not round-trip: %v", date)
 			}
-			// Make with the same zone offset:
+			// With the same zone offset:
 			_, off1 := v.Zone()
 			_, off2 := date.Zone()
 			if off1 != off2 {
 				t.Fatalf("did not round-trip: %v", date)
 			}
-		case string:
+		} else {
 			t.Fatalf("was not recovered: %v", date)
-		default:
-			t.Fatalf("invalid type %T: %v", v, date)
 		}
 	}
 
-	f.Fuzz(func(t *testing.T, sec, nsec int) {
+	f.Fuzz(func(t *testing.T, sec, nsec int64) {
 		// Reduce the search space.
 		if 1e12 < sec || sec < -1e12 {
 			// Dates before 29000BC and after 33000AD; I think we're safe.
@@ -91,7 +79,7 @@ func Fuzz_maybeTime_2(f *testing.F) {
 			return
 		}
 
-		unix := time.Unix(int64(sec), int64(nsec))
+		unix := time.Unix(sec, nsec)
 		checkTime(t, unix)
 		checkTime(t, unix.UTC())
 		checkTime(t, unix.In(time.FixedZone("", -8*3600)))

driver_test.go

@@ -1,75 +0,0 @@
-package sqlite3_test
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"database/sql"
-	"fmt"
-	"log"
-	"os"
-
-	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
-	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver"
-	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed"
-)
-
-var db *sql.DB
-
-func ExampleDriverConn() {
-	var err error
-	db, err = sql.Open("sqlite3", "demo.db")
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	defer os.Remove("demo.db")
-	defer db.Close()
-
-	ctx := context.Background()
-
-	conn, err := db.Conn(ctx)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	defer conn.Close()
-
-	_, err = conn.ExecContext(ctx, `CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS test (col)`)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	res, err := conn.ExecContext(ctx, `INSERT INTO test VALUES (?)`, sqlite3.ZeroBlob(11))
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	id, err := res.LastInsertId()
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	err = conn.Raw(func(driverConn any) error {
-		conn := driverConn.(sqlite3.DriverConn)
-		savept := conn.Savepoint()
-		defer savept.Release(&err)
-
-		blob, err := conn.OpenBlob("main", "test", "col", id, true)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		defer blob.Close()
-
-		_, err = fmt.Fprint(blob, "Hello BLOB!")
-		return err
-	})
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	var msg string
-	err = conn.QueryRowContext(ctx, `SELECT col FROM test`).Scan(&msg)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	fmt.Println(msg)
-	// Output:
-	// Hello BLOB!
-}

embed/README.md

@@ -1,15 +1,26 @@
 # Embeddable WASM build of SQLite
 
-This folder includes an embeddable WASM build of SQLite 3.41.0 for use with
+This folder includes an embeddable WASM build of SQLite 3.45.1 for use with
 [`github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3).
 
 The following optional features are compiled in:
-- math functions
-- FTS3/4/5
-- JSON
-- R*Tree
-- GeoPoly
+- [math functions](https://sqlite.org/lang_mathfunc.html)
+- [FTS5](https://sqlite.org/fts5.html)
+- [JSON](https://sqlite.org/json1.html)
+- [R*Tree](https://sqlite.org/rtree.html)
+- [GeoPoly](https://sqlite.org/geopoly.html)
+- [soundex](https://sqlite.org/lang_corefunc.html#soundex)
+- [base64](https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/blob/master/ext/misc/base64.c)
+- [decimal](https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/blob/master/ext/misc/decimal.c)
+- [ieee754](https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/blob/master/ext/misc/ieee754.c)
+- [regexp](https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/blob/master/ext/misc/regexp.c)
+- [series](https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/blob/master/ext/misc/series.c)
+- [uint](https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/blob/master/ext/misc/uint.c)
+- [uuid](https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/blob/master/ext/misc/uuid.c)
+- [time](../sqlite3/time.c)
 
-See the [configuration options](../sqlite3/sqlite_cfg.h).
+See the [configuration options](../sqlite3/sqlite_cfg.h),
+and [patches](../sqlite3) applied.
 
-Built using [`zig`](https://ziglang.org/) version 0.10.1.
+Built using [`wasi-sdk`](https://github.com/WebAssembly/wasi-sdk),
+and [`binaryen`](https://github.com/WebAssembly/binaryen).

embed/build.sh

@@ -1,16 +1,31 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env bash
-set -eo pipefail
+set -euo pipefail
 
 cd -P -- "$(dirname -- "$0")"
 
-# download SQLite
-../sqlite3/download.sh
+ROOT=../
+BINARYEN="$ROOT/tools/binaryen-version_117/bin"
+WASI_SDK="$ROOT/tools/wasi-sdk-21.0/bin"
 
-# build SQLite
-zig cc --target=wasm32-wasi -flto -g0 -Os \
-  -o sqlite3.wasm ../sqlite3/amalg.c \
-	-mmutable-globals \
+"$WASI_SDK/clang" --target=wasm32-wasi -std=c17 -flto -g0 -O2 \
+  -Wall -Wextra -Wno-unused-parameter \
+	-o sqlite3.wasm "$ROOT/sqlite3/main.c" \
+	-I"$ROOT/sqlite3" \
+	-mexec-model=reactor \
+	-msimd128 -mmutable-globals \
 	-mbulk-memory -mreference-types \
 	-mnontrapping-fptoint -msign-ext \
+	-fno-stack-protector -fno-stack-clash-protection \
+	-Wl,--initial-memory=327680 \
+	-Wl,--stack-first \
+	-Wl,--import-undefined \
 	-D_HAVE_SQLITE_CONFIG_H \
-	$(awk '{print "-Wl,--export="$0}' exports.txt)
+	$(awk '{print "-Wl,--export="$0}' exports.txt)
+
+trap 'rm -f sqlite3.tmp' EXIT
+"$BINARYEN/wasm-ctor-eval" -g -c _initialize sqlite3.wasm -o sqlite3.tmp
+"$BINARYEN/wasm-opt" -g --strip --strip-producers -c -O3 \
+	sqlite3.tmp -o sqlite3.wasm \
+	--enable-simd --enable-mutable-globals --enable-multivalue \
+	--enable-bulk-memory --enable-reference-types \
+	--enable-nontrapping-float-to-int --enable-sign-ext

embed/exports.txt

@@ -1,50 +1,117 @@
 free
 malloc
 malloc_destructor
-sqlite3_errcode
-sqlite3_errstr
-sqlite3_errmsg
-sqlite3_error_offset
-sqlite3_open_v2
-sqlite3_close
-sqlite3_close_v2
-sqlite3_prepare_v3
-sqlite3_finalize
-sqlite3_reset
-sqlite3_step
-sqlite3_exec
-sqlite3_clear_bindings
+sqlite3_anycollseq_init
+sqlite3_backup_finish
+sqlite3_backup_init
+sqlite3_backup_pagecount
+sqlite3_backup_remaining
+sqlite3_backup_step
+sqlite3_bind_blob64
+sqlite3_bind_double
+sqlite3_bind_int64
+sqlite3_bind_null
 sqlite3_bind_parameter_count
 sqlite3_bind_parameter_index
 sqlite3_bind_parameter_name
-sqlite3_bind_null
-sqlite3_bind_int64
-sqlite3_bind_double
+sqlite3_bind_pointer_go
 sqlite3_bind_text64
-sqlite3_bind_blob64
+sqlite3_bind_value
 sqlite3_bind_zeroblob64
-sqlite3_column_count
-sqlite3_column_name
-sqlite3_column_type
-sqlite3_column_int64
-sqlite3_column_double
-sqlite3_column_text
+sqlite3_blob_bytes
+sqlite3_blob_close
+sqlite3_blob_open
+sqlite3_blob_read
+sqlite3_blob_reopen
+sqlite3_blob_write
+sqlite3_busy_handler_go
+sqlite3_busy_timeout
+sqlite3_changes64
+sqlite3_clear_bindings
+sqlite3_close
+sqlite3_close_v2
+sqlite3_collation_needed_go
 sqlite3_column_blob
 sqlite3_column_bytes
-sqlite3_blob_open
-sqlite3_blob_close
-sqlite3_blob_bytes
-sqlite3_blob_read
-sqlite3_blob_write
-sqlite3_blob_reopen
+sqlite3_column_count
+sqlite3_column_decltype
+sqlite3_column_double
+sqlite3_column_int64
+sqlite3_column_name
+sqlite3_column_text
+sqlite3_column_type
+sqlite3_column_value
+sqlite3_columns_go
+sqlite3_commit_hook_go
+sqlite3_config_log_go
+sqlite3_create_aggregate_function_go
+sqlite3_create_collation_go
+sqlite3_create_function_go
+sqlite3_create_module_go
+sqlite3_create_window_function_go
+sqlite3_db_config
+sqlite3_db_name
+sqlite3_db_readonly
+sqlite3_db_release_memory
+sqlite3_declare_vtab
+sqlite3_errcode
+sqlite3_errmsg
+sqlite3_error_offset
+sqlite3_errstr
+sqlite3_exec
+sqlite3_finalize
 sqlite3_get_autocommit
+sqlite3_get_auxdata
+sqlite3_interrupt
 sqlite3_last_insert_rowid
-sqlite3_changes64
-sqlite3_unlock_notify
-sqlite3_backup_init
-sqlite3_backup_step
-sqlite3_backup_finish
-sqlite3_backup_remaining
-sqlite3_backup_pagecount
-sqlite3_time_collation
-sqlite3_interrupt_offset
+sqlite3_limit
+sqlite3_open_v2
+sqlite3_overload_function
+sqlite3_prepare_v3
+sqlite3_progress_handler_go
+sqlite3_reset
+sqlite3_result_blob64
+sqlite3_result_double
+sqlite3_result_error
+sqlite3_result_error_code
+sqlite3_result_error_nomem
+sqlite3_result_error_toobig
+sqlite3_result_int64
+sqlite3_result_null
+sqlite3_result_pointer_go
+sqlite3_result_text64
+sqlite3_result_value
+sqlite3_result_zeroblob64
+sqlite3_rollback_hook_go
+sqlite3_set_authorizer_go
+sqlite3_set_auxdata_go
+sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid
+sqlite3_step
+sqlite3_stmt_busy
+sqlite3_stmt_readonly
+sqlite3_stmt_status
+sqlite3_total_changes64
+sqlite3_txn_state
+sqlite3_update_hook_go
+sqlite3_uri_key
+sqlite3_uri_parameter
+sqlite3_value_blob
+sqlite3_value_bytes
+sqlite3_value_double
+sqlite3_value_dup
+sqlite3_value_free
+sqlite3_value_int64
+sqlite3_value_nochange
+sqlite3_value_numeric_type
+sqlite3_value_pointer_go
+sqlite3_value_text
+sqlite3_value_type
+sqlite3_vtab_collation
+sqlite3_vtab_config_go
+sqlite3_vtab_distinct
+sqlite3_vtab_in
+sqlite3_vtab_in_first
+sqlite3_vtab_in_next
+sqlite3_vtab_nochange
+sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict
+sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value

error.go

@@ -1,32 +1,33 @@
 package sqlite3
 
 import (
-	"fmt"
-	"runtime"
+	"errors"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
 )
 
 // Error wraps an SQLite Error Code.
 //
-// https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/errcode.html
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/errcode.html
 type Error struct {
-	code uint64
 	str  string
 	msg  string
 	sql  string
+	code uint64
 }
 
 // Code returns the primary error code for this error.
 //
-// https://www.sqlite.org/rescode.html
+// https://sqlite.org/rescode.html
 func (e *Error) Code() ErrorCode {
 	return ErrorCode(e.code)
 }
 
 // ExtendedCode returns the extended error code for this error.
 //
-// https://www.sqlite.org/rescode.html
+// https://sqlite.org/rescode.html
 func (e *Error) ExtendedCode() ExtendedErrorCode {
 	return ExtendedErrorCode(e.code)
 }
@@ -43,8 +44,7 @@ func (e *Error) Error() string {
 	}
 
 	if e.msg != "" {
-		b.WriteByte(':')
-		b.WriteByte(' ')
+		b.WriteString(": ")
 		b.WriteString(e.msg)
 	}
 
@@ -68,6 +68,19 @@ func (e *Error) Is(err error) bool {
 	return false
 }
 
+// As converts this error to an [ErrorCode] or [ExtendedErrorCode].
+func (e *Error) As(err any) bool {
+	switch c := err.(type) {
+	case *ErrorCode:
+		*c = e.Code()
+		return true
+	case *ExtendedErrorCode:
+		*c = e.ExtendedCode()
+		return true
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
 // Temporary returns true for [BUSY] errors.
 func (e *Error) Temporary() bool {
 	return e.Code() == BUSY
@@ -85,72 +98,7 @@ func (e *Error) SQL() string {
 
 // Error implements the error interface.
 func (e ErrorCode) Error() string {
-	switch e {
-	case _OK:
-		return "sqlite3: not an error"
-	case _ROW:
-		return "sqlite3: another row available"
-	case _DONE:
-		return "sqlite3: no more rows available"
-
-	case ERROR:
-		return "sqlite3: SQL logic error"
-	case INTERNAL:
-		break
-	case PERM:
-		return "sqlite3: access permission denied"
-	case ABORT:
-		return "sqlite3: query aborted"
-	case BUSY:
-		return "sqlite3: database is locked"
-	case LOCKED:
-		return "sqlite3: database table is locked"
-	case NOMEM:
-		return "sqlite3: out of memory"
-	case READONLY:
-		return "sqlite3: attempt to write a readonly database"
-	case INTERRUPT:
-		return "sqlite3: interrupted"
-	case IOERR:
-		return "sqlite3: disk I/O error"
-	case CORRUPT:
-		return "sqlite3: database disk image is malformed"
-	case NOTFOUND:
-		return "sqlite3: unknown operation"
-	case FULL:
-		return "sqlite3: database or disk is full"
-	case CANTOPEN:
-		return "sqlite3: unable to open database file"
-	case PROTOCOL:
-		return "sqlite3: locking protocol"
-	case FORMAT:
-		break
-	case SCHEMA:
-		return "sqlite3: database schema has changed"
-	case TOOBIG:
-		return "sqlite3: string or blob too big"
-	case CONSTRAINT:
-		return "sqlite3: constraint failed"
-	case MISMATCH:
-		return "sqlite3: datatype mismatch"
-	case MISUSE:
-		return "sqlite3: bad parameter or other API misuse"
-	case NOLFS:
-		break
-	case AUTH:
-		return "sqlite3: authorization denied"
-	case EMPTY:
-		break
-	case RANGE:
-		return "sqlite3: column index out of range"
-	case NOTADB:
-		return "sqlite3: file is not a database"
-	case NOTICE:
-		return "sqlite3: notification message"
-	case WARNING:
-		return "sqlite3: warning message"
-	}
-	return "sqlite3: unknown error"
+	return util.ErrorCodeString(uint32(e))
 }
 
 // Temporary returns true for [BUSY] errors.
@@ -160,17 +108,7 @@ func (e ErrorCode) Temporary() bool {
 
 // Error implements the error interface.
 func (e ExtendedErrorCode) Error() string {
-	switch x := ErrorCode(e); {
-	case e == ABORT_ROLLBACK:
-		return "sqlite3: abort due to ROLLBACK"
-	case x < _ROW:
-		return x.Error()
-	case e == _ROW:
-		return "sqlite3: another row available"
-	case e == _DONE:
-		return "sqlite3: no more rows available"
-	}
-	return "sqlite3: unknown error"
+	return util.ErrorCodeString(uint32(e))
 }
 
 // Is tests whether this error matches a given [ErrorCode].
@@ -179,6 +117,15 @@ func (e ExtendedErrorCode) Is(err error) bool {
 	return ok && c == ErrorCode(e)
 }
 
+// As converts this error to an [ErrorCode].
+func (e ExtendedErrorCode) As(err any) bool {
+	c, ok := err.(*ErrorCode)
+	if ok {
+		*c = ErrorCode(e)
+	}
+	return ok
+}
+
 // Temporary returns true for [BUSY] errors.
 func (e ExtendedErrorCode) Temporary() bool {
 	return ErrorCode(e) == BUSY
@@ -189,36 +136,27 @@ func (e ExtendedErrorCode) Timeout() bool {
 	return e == BUSY_TIMEOUT
 }
 
-type errorString string
-
-func (e errorString) Error() string { return string(e) }
-
-const (
-	nilErr      = errorString("sqlite3: invalid memory address or null pointer dereference")
-	oomErr      = errorString("sqlite3: out of memory")
-	rangeErr    = errorString("sqlite3: index out of range")
-	noNulErr    = errorString("sqlite3: missing NUL terminator")
-	noGlobalErr = errorString("sqlite3: could not find global: ")
-	noFuncErr   = errorString("sqlite3: could not find function: ")
-	binaryErr   = errorString("sqlite3: no SQLite binary embed/set/loaded")
-	timeErr     = errorString("sqlite3: invalid time value")
-	notImplErr  = errorString("sqlite3: not implemented")
-	whenceErr   = errorString("sqlite3: invalid whence")
-	offsetErr   = errorString("sqlite3: invalid offset")
-)
-
-func assertErr() errorString {
-	msg := "sqlite3: assertion failed"
-	if _, file, line, ok := runtime.Caller(1); ok {
-		msg += " (" + file + ":" + strconv.Itoa(line) + ")"
+func errorCode(err error, def ErrorCode) (msg string, code uint32) {
+	switch code := err.(type) {
+	case nil:
+		return "", _OK
+	case ErrorCode:
+		return "", uint32(code)
+	case xErrorCode:
+		return "", uint32(code)
+	case *Error:
+		return code.msg, uint32(code.code)
 	}
-	return errorString(msg)
-}
 
-func finalizer[T any](skip int) func(*T) {
-	msg := fmt.Sprintf("sqlite3: %T not closed", new(T))
-	if _, file, line, ok := runtime.Caller(skip + 1); ok && skip >= 0 {
-		msg += " (" + file + ":" + strconv.Itoa(line) + ")"
+	var ecode ErrorCode
+	var xcode xErrorCode
+	switch {
+	case errors.As(err, &xcode):
+		code = uint32(xcode)
+	case errors.As(err, &ecode):
+		code = uint32(ecode)
+	default:
+		code = uint32(def)
 	}
-	return func(*T) { panic(errorString(msg)) }
+	return err.Error(), code
 }

error_test.go

@@ -4,11 +4,13 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
 )
 
 func Test_assertErr(t *testing.T) {
-	err := assertErr()
-	if s := err.Error(); !strings.HasPrefix(s, "sqlite3: assertion failed") || !strings.HasSuffix(s, "error_test.go:10)") {
+	err := util.AssertErr()
+	if s := err.Error(); !strings.HasPrefix(s, "sqlite3: assertion failed") || !strings.HasSuffix(s, "error_test.go:12)") {
 		t.Errorf("got %q", s)
 	}
 }
@@ -16,22 +18,36 @@ func Test_assertErr(t *testing.T) {
 func TestError(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	err := Error{code: 0x8080}
-	if rc := err.Code(); rc != 0x80 {
-		t.Errorf("got %#x, want 0x80", rc)
+	var ecode ErrorCode
+	var xcode xErrorCode
+	err := &Error{code: 0x8080}
+	if !errors.As(err, &err) {
+		t.Fatal("want true")
 	}
-	if !errors.Is(&err, ErrorCode(0x80)) {
+	if ecode := err.Code(); ecode != 0x80 {
+		t.Errorf("got %#x, want 0x80", uint8(ecode))
+	}
+	if ok := errors.As(err, &ecode); !ok || ecode != ErrorCode(0x80) {
+		t.Errorf("got %#x, want 0x80", uint8(ecode))
+	}
+	if !errors.Is(err, ErrorCode(0x80)) {
 		t.Errorf("want true")
 	}
-	if rc := err.ExtendedCode(); rc != 0x8080 {
-		t.Errorf("got %#x, want 0x8080", rc)
+	if xcode := err.ExtendedCode(); xcode != 0x8080 {
+		t.Errorf("got %#x, want 0x8080", uint16(xcode))
 	}
-	if !errors.Is(&err, ExtendedErrorCode(0x8080)) {
+	if ok := errors.As(err, &xcode); !ok || xcode != xErrorCode(0x8080) {
+		t.Errorf("got %#x, want 0x8080", uint16(xcode))
+	}
+	if !errors.Is(err, xErrorCode(0x8080)) {
 		t.Errorf("want true")
 	}
 	if s := err.Error(); s != "sqlite3: 32896" {
 		t.Errorf("got %q", s)
 	}
+	if ok := errors.As(err.ExtendedCode(), &ecode); !ok || ecode != ErrorCode(0x80) {
+		t.Errorf("got %#x, want 0x80", uint8(ecode))
+	}
 	if !errors.Is(err.ExtendedCode(), ErrorCode(0x80)) {
 		t.Errorf("want true")
 	}
@@ -119,8 +135,8 @@ func Test_ErrorCode_Error(t *testing.T) {
 	// Test all error codes.
 	for i := 0; i == int(ErrorCode(i)); i++ {
 		want := "sqlite3: "
-		r := db.call(db.api.errstr, uint64(i))
-		want += db.mem.readString(uint32(r[0]), _MAX_STRING)
+		r := db.call("sqlite3_errstr", uint64(i))
+		want += util.ReadString(db.mod, uint32(r), _MAX_NAME)
 
 		got := ErrorCode(i).Error()
 		if got != want {
@@ -141,8 +157,8 @@ func Test_ExtendedErrorCode_Error(t *testing.T) {
 	// Test all extended error codes.
 	for i := 0; i == int(ExtendedErrorCode(i)); i++ {
 		want := "sqlite3: "
-		r := db.call(db.api.errstr, uint64(i))
-		want += db.mem.readString(uint32(r[0]), _MAX_STRING)
+		r := db.call("sqlite3_errstr", uint64(i))
+		want += util.ReadString(db.mod, uint32(r), _MAX_NAME)
 
 		got := ExtendedErrorCode(i).Error()
 		if got != want {

ext/array/array.go

@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+// Package array provides the array table-valued SQL function.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/carray.html
+package array
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"reflect"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
+)
+
+// Register registers the array single-argument, table-valued SQL function.
+// The argument must be bound to a Go slice or array of
+// ints, floats, bools, strings or byte slices,
+// using [sqlite3.BindPointer] or [sqlite3.Pointer].
+func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) {
+	sqlite3.CreateModule[array](db, "array", nil,
+		func(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, _, _ string, _ ...string) (array, error) {
+			err := db.DeclareVTab(`CREATE TABLE x(value, array HIDDEN)`)
+			return array{}, err
+		})
+}
+
+type array struct{}
+
+func (array) BestIndex(idx *sqlite3.IndexInfo) error {
+	for i, cst := range idx.Constraint {
+		if cst.Column == 1 && cst.Op == sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ && cst.Usable {
+			idx.ConstraintUsage[i] = sqlite3.IndexConstraintUsage{
+				Omit:      true,
+				ArgvIndex: 1,
+			}
+			idx.EstimatedCost = 1
+			idx.EstimatedRows = 100
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+	return sqlite3.CONSTRAINT
+}
+
+func (array) Open() (sqlite3.VTabCursor, error) {
+	return &cursor{}, nil
+}
+
+type cursor struct {
+	array reflect.Value
+	rowID int
+}
+
+func (c *cursor) EOF() bool {
+	return c.rowID >= c.array.Len()
+}
+
+func (c *cursor) Next() error {
+	c.rowID++
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (c *cursor) RowID() (int64, error) {
+	return int64(c.rowID), nil
+}
+
+func (c *cursor) Column(ctx *sqlite3.Context, n int) error {
+	if n != 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	v := c.array.Index(c.rowID)
+	k := v.Kind()
+
+	if k == reflect.Interface {
+		if v.IsNil() {
+			ctx.ResultNull()
+			return nil
+		}
+		v = v.Elem()
+		k = v.Kind()
+	}
+
+	switch {
+	case v.CanInt():
+		ctx.ResultInt64(v.Int())
+
+	case v.CanUint():
+		i64 := int64(v.Uint())
+		if i64 < 0 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("array: integer element overflow:%.0w %d", sqlite3.MISMATCH, v.Uint())
+		}
+		ctx.ResultInt64(i64)
+
+	case v.CanFloat():
+		ctx.ResultFloat(v.Float())
+
+	case k == reflect.Bool:
+		ctx.ResultBool(v.Bool())
+
+	case k == reflect.String:
+		ctx.ResultText(v.String())
+
+	case (k == reflect.Slice || k == reflect.Array && v.CanAddr()) &&
+		v.Type().Elem().Kind() == reflect.Uint8:
+		ctx.ResultBlob(v.Bytes())
+
+	default:
+		return fmt.Errorf("array: unsupported element:%.0w %v", sqlite3.MISMATCH, util.ReflectType(v))
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (c *cursor) Filter(idxNum int, idxStr string, arg ...sqlite3.Value) error {
+	array := reflect.ValueOf(arg[0].Pointer())
+	array, err := indexable(array)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	c.array = array
+	c.rowID = 0
+	return nil
+}
+
+func indexable(v reflect.Value) (reflect.Value, error) {
+	switch v.Kind() {
+	case reflect.Slice:
+		return v, nil
+	case reflect.Array:
+		return v, nil
+	case reflect.Pointer:
+		if v := v.Elem(); v.Kind() == reflect.Array {
+			return v, nil
+		}
+	}
+	return v, fmt.Errorf("array: unsupported argument:%.0w %v", sqlite3.MISMATCH, util.ReflectType(v))
+}

ext/array/array_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+package array_test
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"math"
+	"reflect"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver"
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/array"
+)
+
+func Example_driver() {
+	db, err := driver.Open(":memory:", func(c *sqlite3.Conn) error {
+		array.Register(c)
+		return nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	rows, err := db.Query(`
+		SELECT name
+		FROM pragma_function_list
+		WHERE name like 'geopoly%' AND narg IN array(?)`,
+		sqlite3.Pointer([]int{2, 3, 4}))
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var name string
+		err := rows.Scan(&name)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("%s\n", name)
+	}
+	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	// Unordered output:
+	// geopoly_regular
+	// geopoly_overlap
+	// geopoly_contains_point
+	// geopoly_within
+}
+
+func Example() {
+	db, err := sqlite3.Open(":memory:")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	array.Register(db)
+
+	stmt, _, err := db.Prepare(`
+		SELECT name
+		FROM pragma_function_list
+		WHERE name like 'geopoly%' AND narg IN array(?)`)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer stmt.Close()
+
+	err = stmt.BindPointer(1, [...]int{2, 3, 4})
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	for stmt.Step() {
+		fmt.Printf("%s\n", stmt.ColumnText(0))
+	}
+	if err := stmt.Err(); err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	// Unordered output:
+	// geopoly_regular
+	// geopoly_overlap
+	// geopoly_contains_point
+	// geopoly_within
+}
+
+func Test_cursor_Column(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	db, err := driver.Open(":memory:", func(c *sqlite3.Conn) error {
+		array.Register(c)
+		return nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	rows, err := db.Query(`
+		SELECT rowid, value FROM array(?)`,
+		sqlite3.Pointer(&[...]any{nil, true, 1, uint(2), math.Pi, "text", []byte{1, 2, 3}}))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+
+	want := []string{"nil", "int64", "int64", "int64", "float64", "string", "[]uint8"}
+
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var id, val any
+		err := rows.Scan(&id, &val)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if want := want[0]; val == nil {
+			if want != "nil" {
+				t.Errorf("got nil, want %s", want)
+			}
+		} else if got := reflect.TypeOf(val).String(); got != want {
+			t.Errorf("got %s, want %s", got, want)
+		}
+		want = want[1:]
+	}
+	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}
+
+func Test_array_errors(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	db, err := sqlite3.Open(":memory:")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	array.Register(db)
+
+	err = db.Exec(`SELECT * FROM array()`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("want error")
+	} else {
+		t.Log(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`SELECT * FROM array(?)`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("want error")
+	} else {
+		t.Log(err)
+	}
+}

ext/blobio/blob.go

@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+// Package blobio provides an SQL interface to incremental BLOB I/O.
+package blobio
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"io"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
+)
+
+// Register registers the SQL functions:
+//
+//	readblob(schema, table, column, rowid, offset, n)
+//
+// Reads n bytes of a blob, starting at offset.
+//
+//	writeblob(schema, table, column, rowid, offset, data)
+//
+// Writes data into a blob, at the given offset.
+//
+//	openblob(schema, table, column, rowid, write, callback, args...)
+//
+// Opens blobs for reading or writing.
+// The callback is invoked for each open blob,
+// and must be bound to an [OpenCallback],
+// using [sqlite3.BindPointer] or [sqlite3.Pointer].
+// The optional args will be passed to the callback,
+// along with the [sqlite3.Blob] handle.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/blob.html
+func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) {
+	db.CreateFunction("readblob", 6, 0, readblob)
+	db.CreateFunction("writeblob", 6, 0, writeblob)
+	db.CreateFunction("openblob", -1, 0, openblob)
+}
+
+// OpenCallback is the type for the openblob callback.
+type OpenCallback func(*sqlite3.Blob, ...sqlite3.Value) error
+
+func readblob(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	blob, err := getAuxBlob(ctx, arg, false)
+	if err != nil {
+		ctx.ResultError(err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	_, err = blob.Seek(arg[4].Int64(), io.SeekStart)
+	if err != nil {
+		ctx.ResultError(err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	n := arg[5].Int64()
+	if n <= 0 {
+		return
+	}
+	buf := make([]byte, n)
+
+	_, err = io.ReadFull(blob, buf)
+	if err != nil {
+		ctx.ResultError(err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	ctx.ResultBlob(buf)
+	setAuxBlob(ctx, blob, false)
+}
+
+func writeblob(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	blob, err := getAuxBlob(ctx, arg, true)
+	if err != nil {
+		ctx.ResultError(err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	_, err = blob.Seek(arg[4].Int64(), io.SeekStart)
+	if err != nil {
+		ctx.ResultError(err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	_, err = blob.Write(arg[5].RawBlob())
+	if err != nil {
+		ctx.ResultError(err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	setAuxBlob(ctx, blob, false)
+}
+
+func openblob(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	if len(arg) < 6 {
+		ctx.ResultError(util.ErrorString("openblob: wrong number of arguments"))
+		return
+	}
+
+	blob, err := getAuxBlob(ctx, arg, arg[4].Bool())
+	if err != nil {
+		ctx.ResultError(err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	fn := arg[5].Pointer().(OpenCallback)
+	err = fn(blob, arg[6:]...)
+	if err != nil {
+		ctx.ResultError(err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	setAuxBlob(ctx, blob, true)
+}
+
+func getAuxBlob(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg []sqlite3.Value, write bool) (*sqlite3.Blob, error) {
+	row := arg[3].Int64()
+
+	if blob, ok := ctx.GetAuxData(0).(*sqlite3.Blob); ok {
+		if err := blob.Reopen(row); errors.Is(err, sqlite3.MISUSE) {
+			// Blob was closed (db, table, column or write changed).
+		} else {
+			return blob, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	db := arg[0].Text()
+	table := arg[1].Text()
+	column := arg[2].Text()
+	return ctx.Conn().OpenBlob(db, table, column, row, write)
+}
+
+func setAuxBlob(ctx sqlite3.Context, blob *sqlite3.Blob, open bool) {
+	// This ensures the blob is closed if db, table, column or write change.
+	ctx.SetAuxData(0, blob) // db
+	ctx.SetAuxData(1, blob) // table
+	ctx.SetAuxData(2, blob) // column
+	if open {
+		ctx.SetAuxData(4, blob) // write
+	}
+}

ext/blobio/blob_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+package blobio_test
+
+import (
+	"io"
+	"log"
+	"os"
+	"reflect"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver"
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/array"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/blobio"
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/vfs/memdb"
+)
+
+func Example() {
+	// Open the database, registering the extension.
+	db, err := driver.Open("file:/test.db?vfs=memdb", func(conn *sqlite3.Conn) error {
+		blobio.Register(conn)
+		return nil
+	})
+
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	_, err = db.Exec(`CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS test (col)`)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	const message = "Hello BLOB!"
+
+	// Create the BLOB.
+	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO test VALUES (?)`, sqlite3.ZeroBlob(len(message)))
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// Write the BLOB.
+	_, err = db.Exec(`SELECT writeblob('main', 'test', 'col', last_insert_rowid(), 0, ?)`, message)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// Read the BLOB.
+	_, err = db.Exec(`SELECT openblob('main', 'test', 'col', rowid, false, ?) FROM test`,
+		sqlite3.Pointer[blobio.OpenCallback](func(blob *sqlite3.Blob, _ ...sqlite3.Value) error {
+			_, err = io.Copy(os.Stdout, blob)
+			return err
+		}))
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	// Output:
+	// Hello BLOB!
+}
+
+func Test_readblob(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	db, err := sqlite3.Open(":memory:")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	blobio.Register(db)
+	array.Register(db)
+
+	err = db.Exec(`SELECT readblob()`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("want error")
+	} else {
+		t.Log(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`
+		CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS test1 (col);
+		CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS test2 (col);
+		INSERT INTO test1 VALUES (x'cafe');
+		INSERT INTO test2 VALUES (x'babe');
+	`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	stmt, _, err := db.Prepare(`SELECT readblob('main', value, 'col', 1, 1, 1) FROM array(?)`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer stmt.Close()
+
+	err = stmt.BindPointer(1, []string{"test1", "test2"})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	if stmt.Step() {
+		got := stmt.ColumnText(0)
+		if got != "\xfe" {
+			t.Errorf("got %q", got)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if stmt.Step() {
+		got := stmt.ColumnText(0)
+		if got != "\xbe" {
+			t.Errorf("got %q", got)
+		}
+	}
+
+	err = stmt.Err()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}
+
+func Test_openblob(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	db, err := sqlite3.Open(":memory:")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	blobio.Register(db)
+	array.Register(db)
+
+	err = db.Exec(`SELECT openblob()`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("want error")
+	} else {
+		t.Log(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`
+		CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS test1 (col);
+		CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS test2 (col);
+		INSERT INTO test1 VALUES (x'cafe');
+		INSERT INTO test2 VALUES (x'babe');
+	`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	stmt, _, err := db.Prepare(`SELECT openblob('main', value, 'col', 1, false, ?) FROM array(?)`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer stmt.Close()
+
+	var got []string
+	err = stmt.BindPointer(1, blobio.OpenCallback(func(b *sqlite3.Blob, _ ...sqlite3.Value) error {
+		d, err := io.ReadAll(b)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		got = append(got, string(d))
+		return nil
+	}))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	err = stmt.BindPointer(2, []string{"test1", "test2"})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	err = stmt.Exec()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	want := []string{"\xca\xfe", "\xba\xbe"}
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(got, want) {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want %v", got, want)
+	}
+}

ext/csv/arg.go

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+package csv
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strconv"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/util/vtabutil"
+)
+
+func uintArg(key, val string) (int, error) {
+	i, err := strconv.ParseUint(val, 10, 15)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("csv: invalid %q parameter: %s", key, val)
+	}
+	return int(i), nil
+}
+
+func boolArg(key, val string) (bool, error) {
+	if val == "" {
+		return true, nil
+	}
+	b, ok := util.ParseBool(val)
+	if ok {
+		return b, nil
+	}
+	return false, fmt.Errorf("csv: invalid %q parameter: %s", key, val)
+}
+
+func runeArg(key, val string) (rune, error) {
+	r, _, tail, err := strconv.UnquoteChar(vtabutil.Unquote(val), 0)
+	if tail != "" || err != nil {
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("csv: invalid %q parameter: %s", key, val)
+	}
+	return r, nil
+}

ext/csv/arg_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+package csv
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/util/vtabutil"
+)
+
+func Test_uintArg(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		arg string
+		key string
+		val int
+		err bool
+	}{
+		{"columns 1", "columns 1", 0, true},
+		{"columns  = 1", "columns", 1, false},
+		{"columns\t= 2", "columns", 2, false},
+		{" columns = 3", "columns", 3, false},
+		{" columns = -1", "columns", 0, true},
+		{" columns = 32768", "columns", 0, true},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.arg, func(t *testing.T) {
+			key, val := vtabutil.NamedArg(tt.arg)
+			if key != tt.key {
+				t.Errorf("NamedArg() %v, want err %v", key, tt.key)
+			}
+			got, err := uintArg(key, val)
+			if (err != nil) != tt.err {
+				t.Fatalf("uintArg() error = %v, want err %v", err, tt.err)
+			}
+			if got != tt.val {
+				t.Errorf("uintArg() = %v, want %v", got, tt.val)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func Test_boolArg(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		arg string
+		key string
+		val bool
+		err bool
+	}{
+		{"header", "header", true, false},
+		{"header\t= 1", "header", true, false},
+		{" header = 0", "header", false, false},
+		{" header = TrUe", "header", true, false},
+		{" header = FaLsE", "header", false, false},
+		{" header = Yes", "header", true, false},
+		{" header = nO", "header", false, false},
+		{" header = On", "header", true, false},
+		{" header = Off", "header", false, false},
+		{" header = T", "header", false, true},
+		{" header = f", "header", false, true},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.arg, func(t *testing.T) {
+			key, val := vtabutil.NamedArg(tt.arg)
+			if key != tt.key {
+				t.Errorf("NamedArg() %v, want err %v", key, tt.key)
+			}
+			got, err := boolArg(key, val)
+			if (err != nil) != tt.err {
+				t.Fatalf("boolArg() error = %v, want err %v", err, tt.err)
+			}
+			if got != tt.val {
+				t.Errorf("boolArg() = %v, want %v", got, tt.val)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func Test_runeArg(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		arg string
+		key string
+		val rune
+		err bool
+	}{
+		{"comma", "comma", 0, true},
+		{"comma\t= ,", "comma", ',', false},
+		{" comma = ;", "comma", ';', false},
+		{" comma = ;;", "comma", 0, true},
+		{` comma = '\t`, "comma", 0, true},
+		{` comma = '\t'`, "comma", '\t', false},
+		{` comma = "\t"`, "comma", '\t', false},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.arg, func(t *testing.T) {
+			key, val := vtabutil.NamedArg(tt.arg)
+			if key != tt.key {
+				t.Errorf("NamedArg() %v, want err %v", key, tt.key)
+			}
+			got, err := runeArg(key, val)
+			if (err != nil) != tt.err {
+				t.Fatalf("runeArg() error = %v, want err %v", err, tt.err)
+			}
+			if got != tt.val {
+				t.Errorf("runeArg() = %v, want %v", got, tt.val)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

ext/csv/csv.go

@@ -0,0 +1,232 @@
+// Package csv provides a CSV virtual table.
+//
+// The CSV virtual table reads RFC 4180 formatted comma-separated values,
+// and returns that content as if it were rows and columns of an SQL table.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/csv.html
+package csv
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"encoding/csv"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"io/fs"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/util/osutil"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/util/vtabutil"
+)
+
+// Register registers the CSV virtual table.
+// If a filename is specified, [os.Open] is used to open the file.
+func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) {
+	RegisterFS(db, osutil.FS{})
+}
+
+// RegisterFS registers the CSV virtual table.
+// If a filename is specified, fsys is used to open the file.
+func RegisterFS(db *sqlite3.Conn, fsys fs.FS) {
+	declare := func(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, _, _ string, arg ...string) (_ *table, err error) {
+		var (
+			filename string
+			data     string
+			schema   string
+			header   bool
+			columns  int  = -1
+			comma    rune = ','
+
+			done = map[string]struct{}{}
+		)
+
+		for _, arg := range arg {
+			key, val := vtabutil.NamedArg(arg)
+			if _, ok := done[key]; ok {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("csv: more than one %q parameter", key)
+			}
+			switch key {
+			case "filename":
+				filename = vtabutil.Unquote(val)
+			case "data":
+				data = vtabutil.Unquote(val)
+			case "schema":
+				schema = vtabutil.Unquote(val)
+			case "header":
+				header, err = boolArg(key, val)
+			case "columns":
+				columns, err = uintArg(key, val)
+			case "comma":
+				comma, err = runeArg(key, val)
+			default:
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("csv: unknown %q parameter", key)
+			}
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			done[key] = struct{}{}
+		}
+
+		if (filename == "") == (data == "") {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf(`csv: must specify either "filename" or "data" but not both`)
+		}
+
+		table := &table{
+			fsys:   fsys,
+			name:   filename,
+			data:   data,
+			comma:  comma,
+			header: header,
+		}
+
+		if schema == "" {
+			var row []string
+			if header || columns < 0 {
+				csv, c, err := table.newReader()
+				defer c.Close()
+				if err != nil {
+					return nil, err
+				}
+				row, err = csv.Read()
+				if err != nil {
+					return nil, err
+				}
+			}
+			schema = getSchema(header, columns, row)
+		}
+
+		err = db.DeclareVTab(schema)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		err = db.VTabConfig(sqlite3.VTAB_DIRECTONLY)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return table, nil
+	}
+
+	sqlite3.CreateModule(db, "csv", declare, declare)
+}
+
+type table struct {
+	fsys   fs.FS
+	name   string
+	data   string
+	comma  rune
+	header bool
+}
+
+func (t *table) BestIndex(idx *sqlite3.IndexInfo) error {
+	idx.EstimatedCost = 1e6
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (t *table) Open() (sqlite3.VTabCursor, error) {
+	return &cursor{table: t}, nil
+}
+
+func (t *table) Rename(new string) error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (t *table) Integrity(schema, table string, flags int) error {
+	if flags&1 != 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	csv, c, err := t.newReader()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer c.Close()
+	_, err = csv.ReadAll()
+	return err
+}
+
+func (t *table) newReader() (*csv.Reader, io.Closer, error) {
+	var r io.Reader
+	var c io.Closer
+	if t.name != "" {
+		f, err := t.fsys.Open(t.name)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, f, err
+		}
+
+		buf := bufio.NewReader(f)
+		bom, err := buf.Peek(3)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, f, err
+		}
+		if string(bom) == "\xEF\xBB\xBF" {
+			buf.Discard(3)
+		}
+
+		r = buf
+		c = f
+	} else {
+		r = strings.NewReader(t.data)
+		c = io.NopCloser(r)
+	}
+
+	csv := csv.NewReader(r)
+	csv.ReuseRecord = true
+	csv.Comma = t.comma
+	return csv, c, nil
+}
+
+type cursor struct {
+	table  *table
+	closer io.Closer
+	csv    *csv.Reader
+	row    []string
+	rowID  int64
+}
+
+func (c *cursor) Close() (err error) {
+	if c.closer != nil {
+		err = c.closer.Close()
+		c.closer = nil
+	}
+	return err
+}
+
+func (c *cursor) Filter(idxNum int, idxStr string, arg ...sqlite3.Value) error {
+	err := c.Close()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	c.csv, c.closer, err = c.table.newReader()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if c.table.header {
+		c.Next() // skip header
+	}
+	c.rowID = 0
+	return c.Next()
+}
+
+func (c *cursor) Next() (err error) {
+	c.rowID++
+	c.row, err = c.csv.Read()
+	if err != io.EOF {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (c *cursor) EOF() bool {
+	return c.row == nil
+}
+
+func (c *cursor) RowID() (int64, error) {
+	return c.rowID, nil
+}
+
+func (c *cursor) Column(ctx *sqlite3.Context, col int) error {
+	if col < len(c.row) {
+		ctx.ResultText(c.row[col])
+	}
+	return nil
+}

ext/csv/csv_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+package csv_test
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/csv"
+)
+
+func Example() {
+	db, err := sqlite3.Open(":memory:")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	csv.Register(db)
+
+	err = db.Exec(`
+		CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE IF NOT EXISTS eurofxref USING csv(
+			filename = 'testdata/eurofxref.csv',
+			header   = YES,
+			columns  = 42,
+		)`)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	stmt, _, err := db.Prepare(`SELECT USD FROM eurofxref WHERE Date = '2022-02-22'`)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer stmt.Close()
+
+	if stmt.Step() {
+		fmt.Printf("On Twosday, 1€ = $%g", stmt.ColumnFloat(0))
+	}
+	if err := stmt.Reset(); err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`DROP TABLE eurofxref`)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	// Output:
+	// On Twosday, 1€ = $1.1342
+}
+
+func TestRegister(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	db, err := sqlite3.Open(":memory:")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	csv.Register(db)
+
+	const data = `
+"Rob"	"Pike"	rob
+"Ken"	Thompson	ken
+Robert	"Griesemer"	"gri"`
+	err = db.Exec(`
+		CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE temp.users USING csv(
+			data   = ` + sqlite3.Quote(data) + `,
+			schema = 'CREATE TABLE x(first_name, last_name, username)',
+			comma  = '\t'
+		)`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	stmt, _, err := db.Prepare(`SELECT * FROM temp.users WHERE rowid = 1 ORDER BY username`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer stmt.Close()
+
+	if !stmt.Step() {
+		t.Fatal("no rows")
+	}
+	if got := stmt.ColumnText(0); got != "Rob" {
+		t.Errorf("got %q want Rob", got)
+	}
+	if stmt.Step() {
+		t.Fatal("more rows")
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`ALTER TABLE temp.users RENAME TO csv`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`PRAGMA integrity_check`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`PRAGMA quick_check`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`DROP TABLE temp.csv`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error(err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRegister_errors(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	db, err := sqlite3.Open(":memory:")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	csv.Register(db)
+
+	err = db.Exec(`CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE temp.users USING csv()`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("want error")
+	} else {
+		t.Log(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE temp.users USING csv(data='abc', data='abc')`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("want error")
+	} else {
+		t.Log(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE temp.users USING csv(data='abc', xpto='abc')`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("want error")
+	} else {
+		t.Log(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE temp.users USING csv(data='abc', comma='"')`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("want error")
+	} else {
+		t.Log(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE temp.users USING csv(data='abc', header=tru)`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("want error")
+	} else {
+		t.Log(err)
+	}
+}

ext/csv/schema.go

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+package csv
+
+import (
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+)
+
+func getSchema(header bool, columns int, row []string) string {
+	var sep string
+	var str strings.Builder
+	str.WriteString("CREATE TABLE x(")
+
+	if 0 <= columns && columns < len(row) {
+		row = row[:columns]
+	}
+	for i, f := range row {
+		str.WriteString(sep)
+		if header && f != "" {
+			str.WriteString(sqlite3.QuoteIdentifier(f))
+		} else {
+			str.WriteString("c")
+			str.WriteString(strconv.Itoa(i + 1))
+		}
+		str.WriteString(" TEXT")
+		sep = ","
+	}
+	for i := len(row); i < columns; i++ {
+		str.WriteString(sep)
+		str.WriteString("c")
+		str.WriteString(strconv.Itoa(i + 1))
+		str.WriteString(" TEXT")
+		sep = ","
+	}
+	str.WriteByte(')')
+
+	return str.String()
+}

ext/csv/schema_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+package csv
+
+import "testing"
+
+func Test_getSchema(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		header  bool
+		columns int
+		row     []string
+		want    string
+	}{
+		{true, 2, nil, `CREATE TABLE x(c1 TEXT,c2 TEXT)`},
+		{false, 2, nil, `CREATE TABLE x(c1 TEXT,c2 TEXT)`},
+		{false, -1, []string{"abc", ""}, `CREATE TABLE x(c1 TEXT,c2 TEXT)`},
+		{true, 3, []string{"abc", ""}, `CREATE TABLE x("abc" TEXT,c2 TEXT,c3 TEXT)`},
+		{true, -1, []string{"abc", "def"}, `CREATE TABLE x("abc" TEXT,"def" TEXT)`},
+		{true, 1, []string{"abc", "def"}, `CREATE TABLE x("abc" TEXT)`},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.want, func(t *testing.T) {
+			if got := getSchema(tt.header, tt.columns, tt.row); got != tt.want {
+				t.Errorf("getSchema() = %v, want %v", got, tt.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

ext/csv/testdata/eurofxref.csv

@@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
+Date,USD,JPY,BGN,CYP,CZK,DKK,EEK,GBP,HUF,LTL,LVL,MTL,PLN,ROL,RON,SEK,SIT,SKK,CHF,ISK,NOK,HRK,RUB,TRL,TRY,AUD,BRL,CAD,CNY,HKD,IDR,ILS,INR,KRW,MXN,MYR,NZD,PHP,SGD,THB,ZAR,
+2022-12-30,1.0666,140.66,1.9558,N/A,24.116,7.4365,N/A,0.88693,400.87,N/A,N/A,N/A,4.6808,N/A,4.9495,11.1218,N/A,N/A,0.9847,151.5,10.5138,7.5365,N/A,N/A,19.9649,1.5693,5.6386,1.444,7.3582,8.3163,16519.82,3.7554,88.171,1344.09,20.856,4.6984,1.6798,59.32,1.43,36.835,18.0986,
+2022-12-29,1.0649,142.24,1.9558,N/A,24.191,7.4365,N/A,0.88549,399.6,N/A,N/A,N/A,4.6855,N/A,4.9493,11.158,N/A,N/A,0.984,152.5,10.55,7.5365,N/A,N/A,19.934,1.5859,5.5351,1.4475,7.4151,8.2994,16680.38,3.7575,88.2295,1350.18,20.651,4.7106,1.6887,59.367,1.436,36.877,18.1967,
+2022-12-28,1.064,142.21,1.9558,N/A,24.252,7.4365,N/A,0.88058,403.3,N/A,N/A,N/A,4.7008,N/A,4.946,11.1038,N/A,N/A,0.9863,151.9,10.4495,7.5365,N/A,N/A,19.9144,1.566,5.6109,1.4361,7.4224,8.2931,16765.93,3.7526,88.0943,1348.59,20.6856,4.7055,1.6772,59.613,1.4323,36.953,18.289,
+2022-12-27,1.0624,141.68,1.9558,N/A,24.26,7.4366,N/A,0.88333,401.65,N/A,N/A,N/A,4.6683,N/A,4.927,11.1285,N/A,N/A,0.9885,152.3,10.4895,7.5375,N/A,N/A,19.8799,1.577,5.6035,1.4384,7.3994,8.2874,16620.58,3.7278,88.0808,1349.85,20.5515,4.699,1.6916,59.356,1.43,36.775,18.3181,
+2022-12-23,1.0622,140.86,1.9558,N/A,24.247,7.4364,N/A,0.8803,400.68,N/A,N/A,N/A,4.6423,N/A,4.9056,11.1045,N/A,N/A,0.9867,152.3,10.4448,7.537,N/A,N/A,19.843,1.5857,5.4834,1.4433,7.4198,8.2878,16569.18,3.704,87.958,1359.5,20.7115,4.7002,1.6887,58.623,1.4337,36.842,18.1048,
+2022-12-22,1.0633,140.42,1.9558,N/A,24.215,7.4367,N/A,0.88243,402.13,N/A,N/A,N/A,4.6443,N/A,4.8993,11.05,N/A,N/A,0.9852,153.3,10.4123,7.538,N/A,N/A,19.8553,1.5804,5.5386,1.4484,7.4229,8.2883,16525.91,3.6942,88.0365,1361.75,20.8485,4.7051,1.6918,58.705,1.4356,36.849,18.2238,
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+2022-01-25,1.1268,128.49,1.9558,N/A,24.5,7.4437,N/A,0.83713,359.44,N/A,N/A,N/A,4.5751,N/A,4.9448,10.502,N/A,N/A,1.0364,146,10.1385,7.5295,88.7384,N/A,15.2723,1.5814,6.2049,1.4247,7.1325,8.7725,16169.54,3.5898,84.277,1350.71,23.2909,4.7213,1.6911,57.753,1.5157,37.28,17.2669,
+2022-01-24,1.1304,128.62,1.9558,N/A,24.528,7.4431,N/A,0.83803,359.84,N/A,N/A,N/A,4.5572,N/A,4.9453,10.5038,N/A,N/A,1.0308,145.6,10.1638,7.529,88.649,N/A,15.1621,1.5866,6.1901,1.4269,7.1533,8.8003,16213.69,3.5846,84.3495,1352.41,23.2566,4.7352,1.6901,58.045,1.5216,37.382,17.2509,
+2022-01-21,1.1348,129.14,1.9558,N/A,24.347,7.4431,N/A,0.83633,358.19,N/A,N/A,N/A,4.5318,N/A,4.9453,10.414,N/A,N/A,1.0353,145.6,10.0523,7.528,86.838,N/A,15.223,1.5774,6.2063,1.4211,7.1946,8.837,16244.2,3.5668,84.419,1351.89,23.2229,4.7508,1.6884,58.171,1.526,37.358,17.1546,
+2022-01-20,1.1338,129.53,1.9558,N/A,24.263,7.4424,N/A,0.83265,355.81,N/A,N/A,N/A,4.5228,N/A,4.9453,10.3708,N/A,N/A,1.0382,145.4,9.9578,7.525,86.8952,N/A,15.2094,1.5662,6.1621,1.4158,7.1936,8.8274,16267.5,3.5564,84.362,1349.16,23.1684,4.7489,1.6731,58.285,1.5261,37.319,17.2531,
+2022-01-19,1.1345,129.86,1.9558,N/A,24.313,7.4419,N/A,0.83168,355.88,N/A,N/A,N/A,4.5229,N/A,4.9449,10.3428,N/A,N/A,1.0383,145.2,9.9368,7.5238,86.48,N/A,15.4207,1.5709,6.2657,1.4144,7.2003,8.8392,16283.78,3.5529,84.4135,1347.1,23.0922,4.757,1.6684,58.429,1.5293,37.467,17.3889,
+2022-01-18,1.1367,130.39,1.9558,N/A,24.426,7.4425,N/A,0.83673,357,N/A,N/A,N/A,4.526,N/A,4.9449,10.3185,N/A,N/A,1.0414,146,9.9638,7.5225,86.7325,N/A,15.4447,1.5833,6.2797,1.4228,7.2212,8.8576,16318.64,3.5557,84.813,1355.33,23.1443,4.7554,1.6798,58.553,1.5349,37.635,17.5398,
+2022-01-17,1.1403,130.64,1.9558,N/A,24.467,7.4417,N/A,0.83573,356.09,N/A,N/A,N/A,4.5256,N/A,4.9443,10.305,N/A,N/A,1.0429,146.8,9.9623,7.5275,87.3907,N/A,15.2757,1.5811,6.2808,1.4287,7.2402,8.8844,16337.73,3.5479,84.7295,1359.89,23.1901,4.7704,1.6765,58.496,1.5374,37.761,17.601,
+2022-01-14,1.1447,130.17,1.9558,N/A,24.493,7.4414,N/A,0.83508,356.1,N/A,N/A,N/A,4.5414,N/A,4.9429,10.2684,N/A,N/A,1.0429,147,9.9863,7.5205,88.0011,N/A,15.5256,1.5803,6.3361,1.433,7.2728,8.9119,16388.85,3.5565,84.9445,1361.27,23.2684,4.7831,1.6745,58.727,1.5418,38.033,17.6043,
+2022-01-13,1.1463,130.98,1.9558,N/A,24.458,7.4409,N/A,0.83545,355.24,N/A,N/A,N/A,4.5361,N/A,4.944,10.238,N/A,N/A,1.0453,147,9.9333,7.5202,86.603,N/A,15.5744,1.5709,6.3518,1.4304,7.2913,8.9289,16379.02,3.5638,84.717,1359.24,23.3894,4.7875,1.6676,58.572,1.5427,38.08,17.6381,
+2022-01-12,1.137,131.19,1.9558,N/A,24.423,7.4414,N/A,0.83338,355.98,N/A,N/A,N/A,4.5359,N/A,4.9453,10.264,N/A,N/A,1.0486,147,9.927,7.524,84.7559,N/A,15.5922,1.5762,6.3458,1.4261,7.2379,8.863,16295.93,3.5406,84.0285,1353.27,23.1852,4.7595,1.6775,58.08,1.5358,37.936,17.5645,
+2022-01-11,1.1336,130.95,1.9558,N/A,24.412,7.4404,N/A,0.83475,357.45,N/A,N/A,N/A,4.5438,N/A,4.945,10.3075,N/A,N/A,1.0502,147,10.0165,7.5236,84.8663,N/A,15.696,1.5804,6.389,1.4329,7.2255,8.8384,16221.39,3.549,83.7481,1352.85,23.0888,4.7515,1.6772,57.979,1.5342,37.862,17.7094,
+2022-01-10,1.1318,130.45,1.9558,N/A,24.357,7.4381,N/A,0.83398,358.4,N/A,N/A,N/A,4.5334,N/A,4.9449,10.3038,N/A,N/A,1.0446,146.2,10.0253,7.5278,84.9825,N/A,15.7183,1.5774,6.3969,1.4327,7.2128,8.8233,16181.9,3.5303,83.8,1355.68,23.0597,4.7536,1.6753,58.141,1.5344,38.074,17.6999,
+2022-01-07,1.1298,130.9,1.9558,N/A,24.439,7.438,N/A,0.8343,358.68,N/A,N/A,N/A,4.5496,N/A,4.9451,10.2839,N/A,N/A,1.0422,146,10.0288,7.5214,85.298,N/A,15.7206,1.5804,6.4343,1.4374,7.206,8.8133,16188.43,3.5135,83.978,1359.96,23.1109,4.7553,1.6748,58.046,1.5356,38.074,17.6701,
+2022-01-06,1.1315,131.05,1.9558,N/A,24.528,7.4393,N/A,0.83593,359.84,N/A,N/A,N/A,4.5614,N/A,4.9435,10.3265,N/A,N/A,1.0395,146.8,10.035,7.5197,86.5088,N/A,15.5504,1.5778,6.442,1.4451,7.2187,8.8272,16291.88,3.5247,84.2475,1362.06,23.2549,4.767,1.6752,57.943,1.5388,37.962,17.7932,
+2022-01-05,1.1319,131.03,1.9558,N/A,24.581,7.4384,N/A,0.83546,362.15,N/A,N/A,N/A,4.5666,N/A,4.946,10.2545,N/A,N/A,1.0364,146.8,9.9672,7.519,85.7275,N/A,15.2446,1.56,6.4146,1.4399,7.2087,8.8227,16263.02,3.4989,84.161,1354.61,23.1422,4.7466,1.6597,57.713,1.534,37.607,17.9369,
+2022-01-04,1.1279,131.17,1.9558,N/A,24.745,7.4378,N/A,0.83618,365.12,N/A,N/A,N/A,4.5667,N/A,4.9481,10.2808,N/A,N/A,1.0355,147.8,10.0138,7.5185,84.9202,N/A,15.1384,1.5682,6.4174,1.4382,7.1924,8.7919,16199.73,3.4909,84.2055,1352.91,23.1808,4.7214,1.6668,57.988,1.531,37.582,18.108,
+2022-01-03,1.1355,130.56,1.9558,N/A,24.818,7.4382,N/A,0.84135,367.71,N/A,N/A,N/A,4.5895,N/A,4.9483,10.2958,N/A,N/A,1.0372,147.6,10.0013,7.519,84.5313,N/A,15.0777,1.5691,6.3539,1.442,7.2174,8.8541,16202.02,3.5139,84.3949,1354.4,23.2259,4.7379,1.6651,58.051,1.5333,37.665,17.9661,

ext/fileio/fileio.go

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+// Package fileio provides SQL functions to read, write and list files.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/src/doc/tip/ext/misc/fileio.c
+package fileio
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io/fs"
+	"os"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+)
+
+// Register registers SQL functions readfile, writefile, lsmode,
+// and the table-valued function fsdir.
+func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) {
+	RegisterFS(db, nil)
+}
+
+// Register registers SQL functions readfile, lsmode,
+// and the table-valued function fsdir;
+// fsys will be used to read files and list directories.
+func RegisterFS(db *sqlite3.Conn, fsys fs.FS) {
+	db.CreateFunction("lsmode", 1, sqlite3.DETERMINISTIC, lsmode)
+	db.CreateFunction("readfile", 1, sqlite3.DIRECTONLY, readfile(fsys))
+	if fsys == nil {
+		db.CreateFunction("writefile", -1, sqlite3.DIRECTONLY, writefile)
+	}
+	sqlite3.CreateModule(db, "fsdir", nil, func(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, _, _ string, _ ...string) (fsdir, error) {
+		err := db.DeclareVTab(`CREATE TABLE x(name,mode,mtime TIMESTAMP,data,path HIDDEN,dir HIDDEN)`)
+		db.VTabConfig(sqlite3.VTAB_DIRECTONLY)
+		return fsdir{fsys}, err
+	})
+}
+
+func lsmode(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	ctx.ResultText(fs.FileMode(arg[0].Int()).String())
+}
+
+func readfile(fsys fs.FS) func(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	return func(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+		var err error
+		var data []byte
+
+		if fsys != nil {
+			data, err = fs.ReadFile(fsys, arg[0].Text())
+		} else {
+			data, err = os.ReadFile(arg[0].Text())
+		}
+
+		switch {
+		case err == nil:
+			ctx.ResultBlob(data)
+		case !errors.Is(err, fs.ErrNotExist):
+			ctx.ResultError(fmt.Errorf("readfile: %w", err))
+		}
+	}
+}

ext/fileio/fileio_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+package fileio_test
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"database/sql"
+	"io/fs"
+	"os"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver"
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/fileio"
+)
+
+func Test_lsmode(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	db, err := driver.Open(":memory:", func(c *sqlite3.Conn) error {
+		fileio.Register(c)
+		return nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	d, err := os.Getwd()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	s, err := os.Stat(d)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	var mode string
+	err = db.QueryRow(`SELECT lsmode(?)`, s.Mode()).Scan(&mode)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	if len(mode) != 10 || mode[0] != 'd' {
+		t.Errorf("got %s", mode)
+	} else {
+		t.Logf("got %s", mode)
+	}
+}
+
+func Test_readfile(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	for _, fsys := range []fs.FS{nil, os.DirFS(".")} {
+		t.Run("", func(t *testing.T) {
+			db, err := driver.Open(":memory:", func(c *sqlite3.Conn) error {
+				fileio.RegisterFS(c, fsys)
+				return nil
+			})
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			defer db.Close()
+
+			rows, err := db.Query(`SELECT readfile('fileio_test.go')`)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			if rows.Next() {
+				var data sql.RawBytes
+				rows.Scan(&data)
+
+				if !bytes.HasPrefix(data, []byte("package fileio_test")) {
+					t.Errorf("got %s", data[:min(64, len(data))])
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

ext/fileio/fsdir.go

@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+package fileio
+
+import (
+	"io/fs"
+	"os"
+	"path"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+)
+
+type fsdir struct{ fsys fs.FS }
+
+func (d fsdir) BestIndex(idx *sqlite3.IndexInfo) error {
+	var root, base bool
+	for i, cst := range idx.Constraint {
+		switch cst.Column {
+		case 4: // root
+			if !cst.Usable || cst.Op != sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ {
+				return sqlite3.CONSTRAINT
+			}
+			idx.ConstraintUsage[i] = sqlite3.IndexConstraintUsage{
+				Omit:      true,
+				ArgvIndex: 1,
+			}
+			root = true
+		case 5: // base
+			if !cst.Usable || cst.Op != sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ {
+				return sqlite3.CONSTRAINT
+			}
+			idx.ConstraintUsage[i] = sqlite3.IndexConstraintUsage{
+				Omit:      true,
+				ArgvIndex: 2,
+			}
+			base = true
+		}
+	}
+	if !root {
+		return sqlite3.CONSTRAINT
+	}
+	if base {
+		idx.EstimatedCost = 10
+	} else {
+		idx.EstimatedCost = 100
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (d fsdir) Open() (sqlite3.VTabCursor, error) {
+	return &cursor{fsdir: d}, nil
+}
+
+type cursor struct {
+	fsdir
+	curr  entry
+	next  chan entry
+	done  chan struct{}
+	base  string
+	rowID int64
+	eof   bool
+}
+
+type entry struct {
+	fs.DirEntry
+	err  error
+	path string
+}
+
+func (c *cursor) Close() error {
+	if c.done != nil {
+		close(c.done)
+		s := <-c.next
+		c.done = nil
+		c.next = nil
+		return s.err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (c *cursor) Filter(idxNum int, idxStr string, arg ...sqlite3.Value) error {
+	if err := c.Close(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	root := arg[0].Text()
+	if len(arg) > 1 {
+		base := arg[1].Text()
+		if c.fsys != nil {
+			root = path.Join(base, root)
+			base = path.Clean(base) + "/"
+		} else {
+			root = filepath.Join(base, root)
+			base = filepath.Clean(base) + string(filepath.Separator)
+		}
+		c.base = base
+	}
+
+	c.rowID = 0
+	c.eof = false
+	c.next = make(chan entry)
+	c.done = make(chan struct{})
+	go c.WalkDir(root)
+	return c.Next()
+}
+
+func (c *cursor) Next() error {
+	curr, ok := <-c.next
+	c.curr = curr
+	c.eof = !ok
+	c.rowID++
+	return c.curr.err
+}
+
+func (c *cursor) EOF() bool {
+	return c.eof
+}
+
+func (c *cursor) RowID() (int64, error) {
+	return c.rowID, nil
+}
+
+func (c *cursor) Column(ctx *sqlite3.Context, n int) error {
+	switch n {
+	case 0: // name
+		name := strings.TrimPrefix(c.curr.path, c.base)
+		ctx.ResultText(name)
+
+	case 1: // mode
+		i, err := c.curr.Info()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		ctx.ResultInt64(int64(i.Mode()))
+
+	case 2: // mtime
+		i, err := c.curr.Info()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		ctx.ResultTime(i.ModTime(), sqlite3.TimeFormatUnixFrac)
+
+	case 3: // data
+		switch typ := c.curr.Type(); {
+		case typ.IsRegular():
+			var data []byte
+			var err error
+			if c.fsys != nil {
+				data, err = fs.ReadFile(c.fsys, c.curr.path)
+			} else {
+				data, err = os.ReadFile(c.curr.path)
+			}
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			ctx.ResultBlob(data)
+
+		case typ&fs.ModeSymlink != 0 && c.fsys == nil:
+			t, err := os.Readlink(c.curr.path)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			ctx.ResultText(t)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (c *cursor) WalkDir(path string) {
+	defer close(c.next)
+
+	if c.fsys != nil {
+		fs.WalkDir(c.fsys, path, c.WalkDirFunc)
+	} else {
+		filepath.WalkDir(path, c.WalkDirFunc)
+	}
+}
+
+func (c *cursor) WalkDirFunc(path string, d fs.DirEntry, err error) error {
+	select {
+	case <-c.done:
+		return fs.SkipAll
+	case c.next <- entry{d, err, path}:
+		return nil
+	}
+}

ext/fileio/fsdir_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+package fileio_test
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"database/sql"
+	"io/fs"
+	"os"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver"
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/fileio"
+)
+
+func Test_fsdir(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	for _, fsys := range []fs.FS{nil, os.DirFS(".")} {
+		t.Run("", func(t *testing.T) {
+			db, err := driver.Open(":memory:", func(c *sqlite3.Conn) error {
+				fileio.RegisterFS(c, fsys)
+				return nil
+			})
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			defer db.Close()
+
+			rows, err := db.Query(`SELECT * FROM fsdir('.', '.') LIMIT 4`)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			for rows.Next() {
+				var name string
+				var mode fs.FileMode
+				var mtime time.Time
+				var data sql.RawBytes
+				err := rows.Scan(&name, &mode, sqlite3.TimeFormatUnixFrac.Scanner(&mtime), &data)
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+				if mode.Perm() == 0 {
+					t.Errorf("got: %v", mode)
+				}
+				if mtime.Before(time.Unix(0, 0)) {
+					t.Errorf("got: %v", mtime)
+				}
+				if name == "fsdir_test.go" {
+					if !bytes.HasPrefix(data, []byte("package fileio_test")) {
+						t.Errorf("got: %s", data[:min(64, len(data))])
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func Test_fsdir_errors(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	db, err := sqlite3.Open(":memory:")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	fileio.Register(db)
+
+	err = db.Exec(`SELECT name FROM fsdir()`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("want error")
+	} else {
+		t.Log(err)
+	}
+}

ext/fileio/write.go

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+package fileio
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io/fs"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/util/fsutil"
+)
+
+func writefile(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	if len(arg) < 2 || len(arg) > 4 {
+		ctx.ResultError(util.ErrorString("writefile: wrong number of arguments"))
+		return
+	}
+
+	file := arg[0].Text()
+
+	var mode fs.FileMode
+	if len(arg) > 2 {
+		mode = fsutil.FileModeFromValue(arg[2])
+	}
+
+	n, err := createFileAndDir(file, mode, arg[1])
+	if err != nil {
+		if len(arg) > 2 {
+			ctx.ResultError(fmt.Errorf("writefile: %w", err))
+		}
+		return
+	}
+
+	if mode&fs.ModeSymlink == 0 {
+		if len(arg) > 2 {
+			err := os.Chmod(file, mode.Perm())
+			if err != nil {
+				ctx.ResultError(fmt.Errorf("writefile: %w", err))
+				return
+			}
+		}
+
+		if len(arg) > 3 {
+			mtime := arg[3].Time(sqlite3.TimeFormatUnixFrac)
+			err := os.Chtimes(file, time.Time{}, mtime)
+			if err != nil {
+				ctx.ResultError(fmt.Errorf("writefile: %w", err))
+				return
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if mode.IsRegular() {
+		ctx.ResultInt(n)
+	}
+}
+
+func createFileAndDir(path string, mode fs.FileMode, data sqlite3.Value) (int, error) {
+	n, err := createFile(path, mode, data)
+	if errors.Is(err, fs.ErrNotExist) {
+		if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(path), 0777); err == nil {
+			return createFile(path, mode, data)
+		}
+	}
+	return n, err
+}
+
+func createFile(path string, mode fs.FileMode, data sqlite3.Value) (int, error) {
+	if mode.IsRegular() {
+		blob := data.RawBlob()
+		return len(blob), os.WriteFile(path, blob, fixPerm(mode, 0666))
+	}
+	if mode.IsDir() {
+		err := os.Mkdir(path, fixPerm(mode, 0777))
+		if errors.Is(err, fs.ErrExist) {
+			s, err := os.Lstat(path)
+			if err == nil && s.IsDir() {
+				return 0, nil
+			}
+		}
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	if mode&fs.ModeSymlink != 0 {
+		return 0, os.Symlink(data.Text(), path)
+	}
+	return 0, fmt.Errorf("invalid mode: %v", mode)
+}
+
+func fixPerm(mode fs.FileMode, def fs.FileMode) fs.FileMode {
+	if mode.Perm() == 0 {
+		return def
+	}
+	return mode.Perm()
+}

ext/fileio/write_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+package fileio
+
+import (
+	"database/sql"
+	"io/fs"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver"
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed"
+)
+
+func Test_writefile(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	db, err := driver.Open(":memory:", func(c *sqlite3.Conn) error {
+		Register(c)
+		return nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	link := filepath.Join(dir, "link")
+	file := filepath.Join(dir, "test.txt")
+	nest := filepath.Join(dir, "tmp", "test.txt")
+	sock := filepath.Join(dir, "sock")
+	twosday := time.Date(2022, 2, 22, 22, 22, 22, 0, time.UTC)
+
+	_, err = db.Exec(`SELECT writefile(?, 'Hello world!')`, file)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	_, err = db.Exec(`SELECT writefile(?, ?, ?)`, link, "test.txt", fs.ModeSymlink)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	_, err = db.Exec(`SELECT writefile(?, ?, ?, ?)`, dir, nil, 0040700, twosday.Unix())
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	rows, err := db.Query(`SELECT * FROM fsdir('.', ?)`, dir)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var name string
+		var mode fs.FileMode
+		var mtime time.Time
+		var data sql.NullString
+		err := rows.Scan(&name, &mode, &mtime, &data)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if mode.IsDir() && !mtime.Equal(twosday) {
+			t.Errorf("got: %v", mtime)
+		}
+		if mode.IsRegular() && data.String != "Hello world!" {
+			t.Errorf("got: %v", data)
+		}
+		if mode&fs.ModeSymlink != 0 && data.String != "test.txt" {
+			t.Errorf("got: %v", data)
+		}
+	}
+
+	_, err = db.Exec(`SELECT writefile(?, 'Hello world!')`, nest)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	_, err = db.Exec(`SELECT writefile(?, ?, ?)`, sock, nil, fs.ModeSocket)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("want error")
+	} else {
+		t.Log(err)
+	}
+
+	_, err = db.Exec(`SELECT writefile()`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("want error")
+	} else {
+		t.Log(err)
+	}
+}

ext/hash/blake2.go

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+package hash
+
+import (
+	"crypto"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
+)
+
+func blake2sFunc(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	hashFunc(ctx, arg[0], crypto.BLAKE2s_256)
+}
+
+func blake2bFunc(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	size := 512
+	if len(arg) > 1 {
+		size = arg[1].Int()
+	}
+
+	switch size {
+	case 256:
+		hashFunc(ctx, arg[0], crypto.BLAKE2b_256)
+	case 384:
+		hashFunc(ctx, arg[0], crypto.BLAKE2b_384)
+	case 512:
+		hashFunc(ctx, arg[0], crypto.BLAKE2b_512)
+	default:
+		ctx.ResultError(util.ErrorString("blake2b: size must be 256, 384, 512"))
+	}
+}

ext/hash/hash.go

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+// Package hash provides cryptographic hash functions.
+//
+// Provided functions:
+//   - md4(data)
+//   - md5(data)
+//   - sha1(data)
+//   - sha3(data, size) (default size 256)
+//   - sha224(data)
+//   - sha256(data, size) (default size 256)
+//   - sha384(data)
+//   - sha512(data, size) (default size 512)
+//   - blake2s(data)
+//   - blake2b(data, size) (default size 512)
+//   - ripemd160(data)
+//
+// Each SQL function will only be registered if the corresponding
+// [crypto.Hash] function is available.
+// To ensure a specific hash function is available,
+// import the implementing package.
+package hash
+
+import (
+	"crypto"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+)
+
+// Register registers cryptographic hash functions for a database connection.
+func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) {
+	flags := sqlite3.DETERMINISTIC | sqlite3.INNOCUOUS
+
+	if crypto.MD4.Available() {
+		db.CreateFunction("md4", 1, flags, md4Func)
+	}
+	if crypto.MD5.Available() {
+		db.CreateFunction("md5", 1, flags, md5Func)
+	}
+	if crypto.SHA1.Available() {
+		db.CreateFunction("sha1", 1, flags, sha1Func)
+	}
+	if crypto.SHA3_512.Available() {
+		db.CreateFunction("sha3", 1, flags, sha3Func)
+		db.CreateFunction("sha3", 2, flags, sha3Func)
+	}
+	if crypto.SHA256.Available() {
+		db.CreateFunction("sha224", 1, flags, sha224Func)
+		db.CreateFunction("sha256", 1, flags, sha256Func)
+		db.CreateFunction("sha256", 2, flags, sha256Func)
+	}
+	if crypto.SHA512.Available() {
+		db.CreateFunction("sha384", 1, flags, sha384Func)
+		db.CreateFunction("sha512", 1, flags, sha512Func)
+		db.CreateFunction("sha512", 2, flags, sha512Func)
+	}
+	if crypto.BLAKE2s_256.Available() {
+		db.CreateFunction("blake2s", 1, flags, blake2sFunc)
+	}
+	if crypto.BLAKE2b_512.Available() {
+		db.CreateFunction("blake2b", 1, flags, blake2bFunc)
+		db.CreateFunction("blake2b", 2, flags, blake2bFunc)
+	}
+	if crypto.RIPEMD160.Available() {
+		db.CreateFunction("ripemd160", 1, flags, ripemd160Func)
+	}
+}
+
+func md4Func(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	hashFunc(ctx, arg[0], crypto.MD4)
+}
+
+func md5Func(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	hashFunc(ctx, arg[0], crypto.MD5)
+}
+
+func sha1Func(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	hashFunc(ctx, arg[0], crypto.SHA1)
+}
+
+func ripemd160Func(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	hashFunc(ctx, arg[0], crypto.RIPEMD160)
+}
+
+func hashFunc(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg sqlite3.Value, fn crypto.Hash) {
+	var data []byte
+	switch arg.Type() {
+	case sqlite3.NULL:
+		return
+	case sqlite3.BLOB:
+		data = arg.RawBlob()
+	default:
+		data = arg.RawText()
+	}
+
+	h := fn.New()
+	h.Write(data)
+	ctx.ResultBlob(h.Sum(nil))
+}

ext/hash/hash_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+package hash
+
+import (
+	_ "crypto/md5"
+	_ "crypto/sha1"
+	_ "crypto/sha256"
+	_ "crypto/sha512"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver"
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed"
+	_ "golang.org/x/crypto/blake2b"
+	_ "golang.org/x/crypto/blake2s"
+	_ "golang.org/x/crypto/md4"
+	_ "golang.org/x/crypto/ripemd160"
+	_ "golang.org/x/crypto/sha3"
+)
+
+func TestRegister(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name string
+		hash string
+	}{
+		{"md4(NULL)", ""},
+		{"md4(X'')", "31D6CFE0D16AE931B73C59D7E0C089C0"},
+		{"md4('The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog')", "1BEE69A46BA811185C194762ABAEAE90"},
+
+		{"md5('')", "D41D8CD98F00B204E9800998ECF8427E"},
+		{"sha1('')", "DA39A3EE5E6B4B0D3255BFEF95601890AFD80709"},
+		{"ripemd160('')", "9C1185A5C5E9FC54612808977EE8F548B2258D31"},
+
+		{"sha224('')", "D14A028C2A3A2BC9476102BB288234C415A2B01F828EA62AC5B3E42F"},
+		{"sha256('')", "E3B0C44298FC1C149AFBF4C8996FB92427AE41E4649B934CA495991B7852B855"},
+		{"sha256('', 224)", "D14A028C2A3A2BC9476102BB288234C415A2B01F828EA62AC5B3E42F"},
+		{"sha384('')", "38B060A751AC96384CD9327EB1B1E36A21FDB71114BE07434C0CC7BF63F6E1DA274EDEBFE76F65FBD51AD2F14898B95B"},
+		{"sha512('')", "CF83E1357EEFB8BDF1542850D66D8007D620E4050B5715DC83F4A921D36CE9CE47D0D13C5D85F2B0FF8318D2877EEC2F63B931BD47417A81A538327AF927DA3E"},
+		{"sha512('', 224)", "6ED0DD02806FA89E25DE060C19D3AC86CABB87D6A0DDD05C333B84F4"},
+		{"sha512('', 256)", "C672B8D1EF56ED28AB87C3622C5114069BDD3AD7B8F9737498D0C01ECEF0967A"},
+		{"sha512('', 384)", "38B060A751AC96384CD9327EB1B1E36A21FDB71114BE07434C0CC7BF63F6E1DA274EDEBFE76F65FBD51AD2F14898B95B"},
+
+		{"sha3('')", "A7FFC6F8BF1ED76651C14756A061D662F580FF4DE43B49FA82D80A4B80F8434A"},
+		{"sha3('', 224)", "6B4E03423667DBB73B6E15454F0EB1ABD4597F9A1B078E3F5B5A6BC7"},
+		{"sha3('', 384)", "0C63A75B845E4F7D01107D852E4C2485C51A50AAAA94FC61995E71BBEE983A2AC3713831264ADB47FB6BD1E058D5F004"},
+		{"sha3('', 512)", "A69F73CCA23A9AC5C8B567DC185A756E97C982164FE25859E0D1DCC1475C80A615B2123AF1F5F94C11E3E9402C3AC558F500199D95B6D3E301758586281DCD26"},
+
+		{"blake2s('')", "69217A3079908094E11121D042354A7C1F55B6482CA1A51E1B250DFD1ED0EEF9"},
+		{"blake2b('')", "786A02F742015903C6C6FD852552D272912F4740E15847618A86E217F71F5419D25E1031AFEE585313896444934EB04B903A685B1448B755D56F701AFE9BE2CE"},
+		{"blake2b('', 384)", "B32811423377F52D7862286EE1A72EE540524380FDA1724A6F25D7978C6FD3244A6CAF0498812673C5E05EF583825100"},
+		{"blake2b('', 256)", "0E5751C026E543B2E8AB2EB06099DAA1D1E5DF47778F7787FAAB45CDF12FE3A8"},
+	}
+
+	db, err := driver.Open(":memory:", func(c *sqlite3.Conn) error {
+		Register(c)
+		return nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			var hash string
+
+			err = db.QueryRow(`SELECT hex(` + tt.name + `)`).Scan(&hash)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			if hash != tt.hash {
+				t.Errorf("got %s, want %s", hash, tt.hash)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+
+	_, err = db.Exec(`SELECT sha256('', 255)`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("want error")
+	}
+
+	_, err = db.Exec(`SELECT sha512('', 255)`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("want error")
+	}
+
+	_, err = db.Exec(`SELECT sha3('', 255)`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("want error")
+	}
+
+	_, err = db.Exec(`SELECT blake2b('', 255)`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("want error")
+	}
+}

ext/hash/sha2.go

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+package hash
+
+import (
+	"crypto"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
+)
+
+func sha224Func(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	hashFunc(ctx, arg[0], crypto.SHA224)
+}
+
+func sha384Func(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	hashFunc(ctx, arg[0], crypto.SHA384)
+}
+
+func sha256Func(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	size := 256
+	if len(arg) > 1 {
+		size = arg[1].Int()
+	}
+
+	switch size {
+	case 224:
+		hashFunc(ctx, arg[0], crypto.SHA224)
+	case 256:
+		hashFunc(ctx, arg[0], crypto.SHA256)
+	default:
+		ctx.ResultError(util.ErrorString("sha256: size must be 224, 256"))
+	}
+}
+
+func sha512Func(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	size := 512
+	if len(arg) > 1 {
+		size = arg[1].Int()
+	}
+
+	switch size {
+	case 224:
+		hashFunc(ctx, arg[0], crypto.SHA512_224)
+	case 256:
+		hashFunc(ctx, arg[0], crypto.SHA512_256)
+	case 384:
+		hashFunc(ctx, arg[0], crypto.SHA384)
+	case 512:
+		hashFunc(ctx, arg[0], crypto.SHA512)
+	default:
+		ctx.ResultError(util.ErrorString("sha512: size must be 224, 256, 384, 512"))
+	}
+
+}

ext/hash/sha3.go

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+package hash
+
+import (
+	"crypto"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
+)
+
+func sha3Func(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	size := 256
+	if len(arg) > 1 {
+		size = arg[1].Int()
+	}
+
+	switch size {
+	case 224:
+		hashFunc(ctx, arg[0], crypto.SHA3_224)
+	case 256:
+		hashFunc(ctx, arg[0], crypto.SHA3_256)
+	case 384:
+		hashFunc(ctx, arg[0], crypto.SHA3_384)
+	case 512:
+		hashFunc(ctx, arg[0], crypto.SHA3_512)
+	default:
+		ctx.ResultError(util.ErrorString("sha3: size must be 224, 256, 384, 512"))
+	}
+}

ext/lines/lines.go

@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+// Package lines provides a virtual table to read data line-by-line.
+//
+// It is particularly useful for line-oriented datasets,
+// like [ndjson] or [JSON Lines],
+// when paired with SQLite's JSON support.
+//
+// https://github.com/asg017/sqlite-lines
+//
+// [ndjson]: https://ndjson.org/
+// [JSON Lines]: https://jsonlines.org/
+package lines
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"io/fs"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/util/osutil"
+)
+
+// Register registers the lines and lines_read table-valued functions.
+// The lines function reads from a database blob or text.
+// The lines_read function reads from a file or an [io.Reader].
+// If a filename is specified, [os.Open] is used to open the file.
+func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) {
+	RegisterFS(db, osutil.FS{})
+}
+
+// RegisterFS registers the lines and lines_read table-valued functions.
+// The lines function reads from a database blob or text.
+// The lines_read function reads from a file or an [io.Reader].
+// If a filename is specified, fsys is used to open the file.
+func RegisterFS(db *sqlite3.Conn, fsys fs.FS) {
+	sqlite3.CreateModule[lines](db, "lines", nil,
+		func(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, _, _ string, _ ...string) (lines, error) {
+			err := db.DeclareVTab(`CREATE TABLE x(line TEXT, data HIDDEN)`)
+			db.VTabConfig(sqlite3.VTAB_INNOCUOUS)
+			return lines{}, err
+		})
+	sqlite3.CreateModule[lines](db, "lines_read", nil,
+		func(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, _, _ string, _ ...string) (lines, error) {
+			err := db.DeclareVTab(`CREATE TABLE x(line TEXT, data HIDDEN)`)
+			db.VTabConfig(sqlite3.VTAB_DIRECTONLY)
+			return lines{fsys}, err
+		})
+}
+
+type lines struct {
+	fsys fs.FS
+}
+
+func (l lines) BestIndex(idx *sqlite3.IndexInfo) error {
+	for i, cst := range idx.Constraint {
+		if cst.Column == 1 && cst.Op == sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ && cst.Usable {
+			idx.ConstraintUsage[i] = sqlite3.IndexConstraintUsage{
+				Omit:      true,
+				ArgvIndex: 1,
+			}
+			idx.EstimatedCost = 1e6
+			idx.EstimatedRows = 100
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+	return sqlite3.CONSTRAINT
+}
+
+func (l lines) Open() (sqlite3.VTabCursor, error) {
+	if l.fsys != nil {
+		return &reader{fsys: l.fsys}, nil
+	} else {
+		return &buffer{}, nil
+	}
+}
+
+type cursor struct {
+	line  []byte
+	rowID int64
+	eof   bool
+}
+
+func (c *cursor) EOF() bool {
+	return c.eof
+}
+
+func (c *cursor) RowID() (int64, error) {
+	return c.rowID, nil
+}
+
+func (c *cursor) Column(ctx *sqlite3.Context, n int) error {
+	if n == 0 {
+		ctx.ResultRawText(c.line)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+type reader struct {
+	fsys   fs.FS
+	reader *bufio.Reader
+	closer io.Closer
+	cursor
+}
+
+func (c *reader) Close() (err error) {
+	if c.closer != nil {
+		err = c.closer.Close()
+		c.closer = nil
+	}
+	return err
+}
+
+func (c *reader) Filter(idxNum int, idxStr string, arg ...sqlite3.Value) error {
+	if err := c.Close(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	var r io.Reader
+	typ := arg[0].Type()
+	switch typ {
+	case sqlite3.NULL:
+		if p, ok := arg[0].Pointer().(io.Reader); ok {
+			r = p
+		}
+	case sqlite3.TEXT:
+		f, err := c.fsys.Open(arg[0].Text())
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		r = f
+	}
+	if r == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("lines: unsupported argument:%.0w %v", sqlite3.MISMATCH, typ)
+	}
+
+	c.reader = bufio.NewReader(r)
+	c.closer, _ = r.(io.Closer)
+	c.rowID = 0
+	return c.Next()
+}
+
+func (c *reader) Next() (err error) {
+	c.line = c.line[:0]
+	for more := true; more; {
+		var line []byte
+		line, more, err = c.reader.ReadLine()
+		c.line = append(c.line, line...)
+	}
+	if err == io.EOF {
+		c.eof = true
+		err = nil
+	}
+	c.rowID++
+	return err
+}
+
+type buffer struct {
+	data []byte
+	cursor
+}
+
+func (c *buffer) Filter(idxNum int, idxStr string, arg ...sqlite3.Value) error {
+	typ := arg[0].Type()
+	switch typ {
+	case sqlite3.TEXT:
+		c.data = arg[0].RawText()
+	case sqlite3.BLOB:
+		c.data = arg[0].RawBlob()
+	default:
+		return fmt.Errorf("lines: unsupported argument:%.0w %v", sqlite3.MISMATCH, typ)
+	}
+
+	c.rowID = 0
+	return c.Next()
+}
+
+func (c *buffer) Next() error {
+	i := bytes.IndexByte(c.data, '\n')
+	j := i + 1
+	switch {
+	case i < 0:
+		i = len(c.data)
+		j = i
+	case i > 0 && c.data[i-1] == '\r':
+		i--
+	}
+	c.eof = len(c.data) == 0
+	c.line = c.data[:i]
+	c.data = c.data[j:]
+	c.rowID++
+	return nil
+}

ext/lines/lines_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+package lines_test
+
+import (
+	"database/sql"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver"
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/lines"
+)
+
+func Example() {
+	db, err := driver.Open(":memory:", func(c *sqlite3.Conn) error {
+		lines.Register(c)
+		return nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	res, err := http.Get("https://storage.googleapis.com/quickdraw_dataset/full/simplified/calendar.ndjson")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer res.Body.Close()
+
+	rows, err := db.Query(`
+		SELECT
+			line ->> '$.countrycode' as countrycode,
+			COUNT(*)
+  		FROM lines_read(?)
+  		GROUP BY 1
+  		ORDER BY 2 DESC
+  		LIMIT 5`,
+		sqlite3.Pointer(res.Body))
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+
+	var countrycode sql.RawBytes
+	var count int
+	for rows.Next() {
+		err := rows.Scan(&countrycode, &count)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("%s: %d\n", countrycode, count)
+	}
+	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	// Output:
+	// US: 141001
+	// GB: 22560
+	// CA: 11759
+	// RU: 9250
+	// DE: 8748
+}
+
+func Test_lines(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	db, err := driver.Open(":memory:", func(c *sqlite3.Conn) error {
+		lines.Register(c)
+		return nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	const data = "line 1\nline 2\r\nline 3\n"
+
+	rows, err := db.Query(`SELECT rowid, line FROM lines(?)`, data)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var id int64
+		var line string
+		err := rows.Scan(&id, &line)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if want := fmt.Sprintf("line %d", id); line != want {
+			t.Errorf("got %q, want %q", line, want)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func Test_lines_error(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	db, err := driver.Open(":memory:", func(c *sqlite3.Conn) error {
+		lines.Register(c)
+		return nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	_, err = db.Exec(`SELECT rowid, line FROM lines(?)`, nil)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("want error")
+	} else {
+		t.Log(err)
+	}
+
+	_, err = db.Exec(`SELECT rowid, line FROM lines_read(?)`, "xpto")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("want error")
+	} else {
+		t.Log(err)
+	}
+}
+
+func Test_lines_read(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	db, err := driver.Open(":memory:", func(c *sqlite3.Conn) error {
+		lines.Register(c)
+		return nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	const data = "line 1\nline 2\r\nline 3\n"
+
+	rows, err := db.Query(`SELECT rowid, line FROM lines_read(?)`,
+		sqlite3.Pointer(strings.NewReader(data)))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var id int64
+		var line string
+		err := rows.Scan(&id, &line)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if want := fmt.Sprintf("line %d", id); line != want {
+			t.Errorf("got %q, want %q", line, want)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func Test_lines_test(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	db, err := driver.Open(":memory:", func(c *sqlite3.Conn) error {
+		lines.Register(c)
+		return nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	rows, err := db.Query(`SELECT rowid, line FROM lines_read(?)`, "lines_test.go")
+	if errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
+		t.Skip(err)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var id int64
+		var line string
+		err := rows.Scan(&id, &line)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	}
+}

ext/pivot/op_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+package pivot
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+)
+
+func Test_operator(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		op   sqlite3.IndexConstraintOp
+		want string
+	}{
+		{sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ, "="},
+		{sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT, "<"},
+		{sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT, ">"},
+		{sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE, "<="},
+		{sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE, ">="},
+		{sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_NE, "<>"},
+		{sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_IS, "IS"},
+		{sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOT, "IS NOT"},
+		{sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_REGEXP, "REGEXP"},
+		{sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH, "MATCH"},
+		{sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GLOB, "GLOB"},
+		{sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LIKE, "LIKE"},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.want, func(t *testing.T) {
+			if got := operator(tt.op); got != tt.want {
+				t.Errorf("operator() = %v, want %v", got, tt.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

ext/pivot/pivot.go

@@ -0,0 +1,274 @@
+// Package pivot implements a pivot virtual table.
+//
+// https://github.com/jakethaw/pivot_vtab
+package pivot
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+)
+
+// Register registers the pivot virtual table.
+func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) {
+	sqlite3.CreateModule(db, "pivot", declare, declare)
+}
+
+type table struct {
+	db   *sqlite3.Conn
+	scan string
+	cell string
+	keys []string
+	cols []*sqlite3.Value
+}
+
+func declare(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, _, _ string, arg ...string) (_ *table, err error) {
+	if len(arg) != 3 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("pivot: wrong number of arguments")
+	}
+
+	table := &table{db: db}
+	defer func() {
+		if err != nil {
+			table.Close()
+		}
+	}()
+
+	var sep string
+	var create strings.Builder
+	create.WriteString("CREATE TABLE x(")
+
+	// Row key query.
+	table.scan = "SELECT * FROM\n" + arg[0]
+	stmt, _, err := db.Prepare(table.scan)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer stmt.Close()
+
+	table.keys = make([]string, stmt.ColumnCount())
+	for i := range table.keys {
+		name := sqlite3.QuoteIdentifier(stmt.ColumnName(i))
+		table.keys[i] = name
+		create.WriteString(sep)
+		create.WriteString(name)
+		sep = ","
+	}
+	stmt.Close()
+
+	// Column definition query.
+	stmt, _, err = db.Prepare("SELECT * FROM\n" + arg[1])
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if stmt.ColumnCount() != 2 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("pivot: column definition query expects 2 result columns")
+	}
+	for stmt.Step() {
+		name := sqlite3.QuoteIdentifier(stmt.ColumnText(1))
+		table.cols = append(table.cols, stmt.ColumnValue(0).Dup())
+		create.WriteString(",")
+		create.WriteString(name)
+	}
+	stmt.Close()
+
+	// Pivot cell query.
+	table.cell = "SELECT * FROM\n" + arg[2]
+	stmt, _, err = db.Prepare(table.cell)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if stmt.ColumnCount() != 1 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("pivot: cell query expects 1 result columns")
+	}
+	if stmt.BindCount() != len(table.keys)+1 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("pivot: cell query expects %d bound parameters", len(table.keys)+1)
+	}
+
+	create.WriteByte(')')
+	err = db.DeclareVTab(create.String())
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return table, nil
+}
+
+func (t *table) Close() error {
+	for i := range t.cols {
+		t.cols[i].Close()
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (t *table) BestIndex(idx *sqlite3.IndexInfo) error {
+	var idxStr strings.Builder
+	idxStr.WriteString(t.scan)
+
+	argvIndex := 1
+	sep := " WHERE "
+	for i, cst := range idx.Constraint {
+		if !cst.Usable || !(0 <= cst.Column && cst.Column < len(t.keys)) {
+			continue
+		}
+		op := operator(cst.Op)
+		if op == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		idxStr.WriteString(sep)
+		idxStr.WriteString(t.keys[cst.Column])
+		idxStr.WriteString(" ")
+		idxStr.WriteString(op)
+		idxStr.WriteString(" ?")
+
+		idx.ConstraintUsage[i] = sqlite3.IndexConstraintUsage{
+			ArgvIndex: argvIndex,
+			Omit:      true,
+		}
+		sep = " AND "
+		argvIndex++
+	}
+
+	sep = " ORDER BY "
+	idx.OrderByConsumed = true
+	for _, ord := range idx.OrderBy {
+		if !(0 <= ord.Column && ord.Column < len(t.keys)) {
+			idx.OrderByConsumed = false
+			continue
+		}
+		idxStr.WriteString(sep)
+		idxStr.WriteString(t.keys[ord.Column])
+		idxStr.WriteString(" COLLATE ")
+		idxStr.WriteString(idx.Collation(ord.Column))
+		if ord.Desc {
+			idxStr.WriteString(" DESC")
+		}
+		sep = ","
+	}
+
+	idx.EstimatedCost = 1e9 / float64(argvIndex)
+	idx.IdxStr = idxStr.String()
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (t *table) Open() (sqlite3.VTabCursor, error) {
+	return &cursor{table: t}, nil
+}
+
+func (t *table) Rename(new string) error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+type cursor struct {
+	table *table
+	scan  *sqlite3.Stmt
+	cell  *sqlite3.Stmt
+	rowID int64
+}
+
+func (c *cursor) Close() error {
+	return errors.Join(c.scan.Close(), c.cell.Close())
+}
+
+func (c *cursor) Filter(idxNum int, idxStr string, arg ...sqlite3.Value) error {
+	err := c.scan.Close()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	c.scan, _, err = c.table.db.Prepare(idxStr)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	for i, arg := range arg {
+		err := c.scan.BindValue(i+1, arg)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if c.cell == nil {
+		c.cell, _, err = c.table.db.Prepare(c.table.cell)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	c.rowID = 0
+	return c.Next()
+}
+
+func (c *cursor) Next() error {
+	if c.scan.Step() {
+		count := c.scan.ColumnCount()
+		for i := 0; i < count; i++ {
+			err := c.cell.BindValue(i+1, c.scan.ColumnValue(i))
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+		c.rowID++
+	}
+	return c.scan.Err()
+}
+
+func (c *cursor) EOF() bool {
+	return !c.scan.Busy()
+}
+
+func (c *cursor) RowID() (int64, error) {
+	return c.rowID, nil
+}
+
+func (c *cursor) Column(ctx *sqlite3.Context, col int) error {
+	count := c.scan.ColumnCount()
+	if col < count {
+		ctx.ResultValue(c.scan.ColumnValue(col))
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	err := c.cell.BindValue(count+1, *c.table.cols[col-count])
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if c.cell.Step() {
+		ctx.ResultValue(c.cell.ColumnValue(0))
+	}
+	return c.cell.Reset()
+}
+
+func operator(op sqlite3.IndexConstraintOp) string {
+	switch op {
+	case sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ:
+		return "="
+	case sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT:
+		return "<"
+	case sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT:
+		return ">"
+	case sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE:
+		return "<="
+	case sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE:
+		return ">="
+	case sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_NE:
+		return "<>"
+	case sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH:
+		return "MATCH"
+	case sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LIKE:
+		return "LIKE"
+	case sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GLOB:
+		return "GLOB"
+	case sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_REGEXP:
+		return "REGEXP"
+	case sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_IS, sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNULL:
+		return "IS"
+	case sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOT, sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOTNULL:
+		return "IS NOT"
+	default:
+		return ""
+	}
+}

ext/pivot/pivot_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,219 @@
+package pivot_test
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/pivot"
+)
+
+// https://antonz.org/sqlite-pivot-table/
+func Example() {
+	db, err := sqlite3.Open(":memory:")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	pivot.Register(db)
+
+	err = db.Exec(`
+		CREATE TABLE sales(product TEXT, year INT, income DECIMAL);
+		INSERT INTO  sales(product, year, income) VALUES
+			('alpha', 2020, 100),
+			('alpha', 2021, 120),
+			('alpha', 2022, 130),
+			('alpha', 2023, 140),
+			('beta',  2020, 10),
+			('beta',  2021, 20),
+			('beta',  2022, 40),
+			('beta',  2023, 80),
+			('gamma', 2020, 80),
+			('gamma', 2021, 75),
+			('gamma', 2022, 78),
+			('gamma', 2023, 80);
+	`)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`
+		CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE v_sales USING pivot(
+			-- rows
+			(SELECT DISTINCT product FROM sales),
+			-- columns
+			(SELECT DISTINCT year, year FROM sales),
+			-- cells
+			(SELECT sum(income) FROM sales WHERE product = ? AND year = ?)
+		)`)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	stmt, _, err := db.Prepare(`SELECT * FROM v_sales`)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer stmt.Close()
+
+	cols := make([]string, stmt.ColumnCount())
+	for i := range cols {
+		cols[i] = stmt.ColumnName(i)
+	}
+	fmt.Println(pretty(cols))
+	for stmt.Step() {
+		for i := range cols {
+			cols[i] = stmt.ColumnText(i)
+		}
+		fmt.Println(pretty(cols))
+	}
+	if err := stmt.Reset(); err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// Output:
+	// product 2020    2021    2022    2023
+	// alpha   100     120     130     140
+	// beta    10      20      40      80
+	// gamma   80      75      78      80
+}
+
+func TestRegister(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	db, err := sqlite3.Open(":memory:")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	pivot.Register(db)
+
+	err = db.Exec(`
+		CREATE TABLE r AS
+			SELECT 1 id UNION SELECT 2 UNION SELECT 3;
+
+		CREATE TABLE c(
+			id   INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
+			name TEXT
+		);
+		INSERT INTO c (name) VALUES
+			('a'),('b'),('c'),('d');
+
+		CREATE TABLE x(
+			r_id INT,
+			c_id INT,
+			val  TEXT
+		);
+		INSERT INTO x (r_id, c_id, val)
+			SELECT r.id, c.id, c.name || r.id
+			FROM c, r;				
+	`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`
+		CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE v_x USING pivot(
+			-- rows
+			(SELECT id r_id FROM r),
+			-- columns
+			(SELECT id c_id, name FROM c),
+			-- cells
+			(SELECT val FROM x WHERE r_id = ?1 AND c_id = ?2)
+		)`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	stmt, _, err := db.Prepare(`SELECT * FROM v_x WHERE rowid <> 0 AND r_id <> 1 ORDER BY rowid, r_id DESC LIMIT 1`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer stmt.Close()
+
+	if stmt.Step() {
+		if got := stmt.ColumnInt(0); got != 3 {
+			t.Errorf("got %d, want 3", got)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRegister_errors(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	db, err := sqlite3.Open(":memory:")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	pivot.Register(db)
+
+	err = db.Exec(`CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE pivot USING pivot()`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("want error")
+	} else {
+		t.Log(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE split_date USING pivot(SELECT 1, SELECT 2, SELECT 3)`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("want error")
+	} else {
+		t.Log(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE split_date USING pivot((SELECT 1), SELECT 2, SELECT 3)`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("want error")
+	} else {
+		t.Log(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE split_date USING pivot((SELECT 1), (SELECT 2), SELECT 3)`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("want error")
+	} else {
+		t.Log(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE split_date USING pivot((SELECT 1), (SELECT 1, 2), SELECT 3)`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("want error")
+	} else {
+		t.Log(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE split_date USING pivot((SELECT 1), (SELECT 1, 2), (SELECT 3, 4))`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("want error")
+	} else {
+		t.Log(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE split_date USING pivot((SELECT 1), (SELECT 1, 2), (SELECT 3))`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("want error")
+	} else {
+		t.Log(err)
+	}
+}
+
+func pretty(cols []string) string {
+	var buf strings.Builder
+	for i, s := range cols {
+		if i != 0 {
+			buf.WriteByte(' ')
+		}
+		for buf.Len()%8 != 0 {
+			buf.WriteByte(' ')
+		}
+		buf.WriteString(s)
+	}
+	return buf.String()
+}

ext/statement/stmt.go

@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+// Package statement defines table-valued functions using SQL.
+//
+// It can be used to create "parametrized views":
+// pre-packaged queries that can be parametrized at query execution time.
+//
+// https://github.com/0x09/sqlite-statement-vtab
+package statement
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"unsafe"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+)
+
+// Register registers the statement virtual table.
+func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) {
+	sqlite3.CreateModule(db, "statement", declare, declare)
+}
+
+type table struct {
+	stmt  *sqlite3.Stmt
+	sql   string
+	inuse bool
+}
+
+func declare(db *sqlite3.Conn, _, _, _ string, arg ...string) (*table, error) {
+	if len(arg) != 1 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("statement: wrong number of arguments")
+	}
+
+	sql := "SELECT * FROM\n" + arg[0]
+
+	stmt, _, err := db.Prepare(sql)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	var sep string
+	var str strings.Builder
+	str.WriteString("CREATE TABLE x(")
+	outputs := stmt.ColumnCount()
+	for i := 0; i < outputs; i++ {
+		name := sqlite3.QuoteIdentifier(stmt.ColumnName(i))
+		str.WriteString(sep)
+		str.WriteString(name)
+		str.WriteString(" ")
+		str.WriteString(stmt.ColumnDeclType(i))
+		sep = ","
+	}
+	inputs := stmt.BindCount()
+	for i := 1; i <= inputs; i++ {
+		str.WriteString(sep)
+		name := stmt.BindName(i)
+		if name == "" {
+			str.WriteString("[")
+			str.WriteString(strconv.Itoa(i))
+			str.WriteString("] HIDDEN")
+		} else {
+			str.WriteString(sqlite3.QuoteIdentifier(name[1:]))
+			str.WriteString(" HIDDEN")
+		}
+		sep = ","
+	}
+	str.WriteByte(')')
+
+	err = db.DeclareVTab(str.String())
+	if err != nil {
+		stmt.Close()
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return &table{sql: sql, stmt: stmt}, nil
+}
+
+func (t *table) Close() error {
+	return t.stmt.Close()
+}
+
+func (t *table) BestIndex(idx *sqlite3.IndexInfo) error {
+	idx.EstimatedCost = 1000
+
+	var argvIndex = 1
+	var needIndex bool
+	var listIndex []int
+	outputs := t.stmt.ColumnCount()
+	for i, cst := range idx.Constraint {
+		// Skip if this is a constraint on one of our output columns.
+		if cst.Column < outputs {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// A given query plan is only usable if all provided input columns
+		// are usable and have equal constraints only.
+		if !cst.Usable || cst.Op != sqlite3.INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ {
+			return sqlite3.CONSTRAINT
+		}
+
+		// The non-zero argvIdx values must be contiguous.
+		// If they're not, build a list and serialize it through IdxStr.
+		nextIndex := cst.Column - outputs + 1
+		idx.ConstraintUsage[i] = sqlite3.IndexConstraintUsage{
+			ArgvIndex: argvIndex,
+			Omit:      true,
+		}
+		if nextIndex != argvIndex {
+			needIndex = true
+		}
+		listIndex = append(listIndex, nextIndex)
+		argvIndex++
+	}
+
+	if needIndex {
+		buf, err := json.Marshal(listIndex)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		idx.IdxStr = unsafe.String(&buf[0], len(buf))
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (t *table) Open() (sqlite3.VTabCursor, error) {
+	stmt := t.stmt
+	if !t.inuse {
+		t.inuse = true
+	} else {
+		var err error
+		stmt, _, err = t.stmt.Conn().Prepare(t.sql)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	return &cursor{table: t, stmt: stmt}, nil
+}
+
+func (t *table) Rename(new string) error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+type cursor struct {
+	table *table
+	stmt  *sqlite3.Stmt
+	arg   []sqlite3.Value
+	rowID int64
+}
+
+func (c *cursor) Close() error {
+	if c.stmt == c.table.stmt {
+		c.table.inuse = false
+		c.stmt.ClearBindings()
+		return c.stmt.Reset()
+	}
+	return c.stmt.Close()
+}
+
+func (c *cursor) Filter(idxNum int, idxStr string, arg ...sqlite3.Value) error {
+	c.arg = arg
+	c.rowID = 0
+	c.stmt.ClearBindings()
+	if err := c.stmt.Reset(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	var list []int
+	if idxStr != "" {
+		buf := unsafe.Slice(unsafe.StringData(idxStr), len(idxStr))
+		err := json.Unmarshal(buf, &list)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	for i, arg := range arg {
+		param := i + 1
+		if list != nil {
+			param = list[i]
+		}
+		err := c.stmt.BindValue(param, arg)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return c.Next()
+}
+
+func (c *cursor) Next() error {
+	if c.stmt.Step() {
+		c.rowID++
+	}
+	return c.stmt.Err()
+}
+
+func (c *cursor) EOF() bool {
+	return !c.stmt.Busy()
+}
+
+func (c *cursor) RowID() (int64, error) {
+	return c.rowID, nil
+}
+
+func (c *cursor) Column(ctx *sqlite3.Context, col int) error {
+	switch outputs := c.stmt.ColumnCount(); {
+	case col < outputs:
+		ctx.ResultValue(c.stmt.ColumnValue(col))
+	case col-outputs < len(c.arg):
+		ctx.ResultValue(c.arg[col-outputs])
+	}
+	return nil
+}

ext/statement/stmt_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+package statement_test
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/statement"
+)
+
+func Example() {
+	db, err := sqlite3.Open(":memory:")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	statement.Register(db)
+
+	err = db.Exec(`
+		CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE split_date USING statement((
+			SELECT
+				strftime('%Y', :date) AS year,
+				strftime('%m', :date) AS month,
+				strftime('%d', :date) AS day
+		))`)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	stmt, _, err := db.Prepare(`SELECT * FROM split_date('2022-02-22')`)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer stmt.Close()
+
+	if stmt.Step() {
+		fmt.Printf("Twosday was %d-%d-%d", stmt.ColumnInt(0), stmt.ColumnInt(1), stmt.ColumnInt(2))
+	}
+	if err := stmt.Reset(); err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// Output:
+	// Twosday was 2022-2-22
+}
+
+func TestRegister(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	db, err := sqlite3.Open(":memory:")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	statement.Register(db)
+
+	err = db.Exec(`
+		CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE arguments USING statement((SELECT ? AS a, ? AS b, ? AS c))
+	`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`
+		SELECT * from arguments WHERE [2] = 'y' AND [3] = 'z'
+	`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`
+		CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE hypot USING statement((SELECT sqrt(:x * :x + :y * :y) AS hypotenuse))
+	`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	stmt, _, err := db.Prepare(`
+		SELECT x, y, * FROM hypot WHERE x = 3 AND y = 4
+	`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer stmt.Close()
+
+	if stmt.Step() {
+		x := stmt.ColumnInt(0)
+		y := stmt.ColumnInt(1)
+		hypot := stmt.ColumnInt(2)
+		if x != 3 || y != 4 || hypot != 5 {
+			t.Errorf("hypot(%d, %d) = %d", x, y, hypot)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRegister_errors(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	db, err := sqlite3.Open(":memory:")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	statement.Register(db)
+
+	err = db.Exec(`CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE split_date USING statement()`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("want error")
+	} else {
+		t.Log(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE split_date USING statement(SELECT 1, SELECT 2)`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("want error")
+	} else {
+		t.Log(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE split_date USING statement((SELECT 1, SELECT 2))`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("want error")
+	} else {
+		t.Log(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE split_date USING statement((SELECT 1; SELECT 2))`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("want error")
+	} else {
+		t.Log(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE split_date USING statement((CREATE TABLE x(val)))`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("want error")
+	} else {
+		t.Log(err)
+	}
+}

ext/stats/TODO.md

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+# ANSI SQL Aggregate Functions
+
+https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/sql-in-a/9780596155322/ch04s02.html
+
+## Built in aggregates
+
+- [x] `COUNT(*)`
+- [x] `COUNT(expression)`
+- [x] `SUM(expression)`
+- [x] `AVG(expression)`
+- [x] `MIN(expression)`
+- [x] `MAX(expression)`
+
+https://sqlite.org/lang_aggfunc.html
+
+## Statistical aggregates
+
+- [x] `STDDEV_POP(expression)`
+- [x] `STDDEV_SAMP(expression)`
+- [x] `VAR_POP(expression)`
+- [x] `VAR_SAMP(expression)`
+- [x] `COVAR_POP(dependent, independent)`
+- [x] `COVAR_SAMP(dependent, independent)`
+- [x] `CORR(dependent, independent)`
+
+## Linear regression aggregates
+
+- [X] `REGR_AVGX(dependent, independent)`
+- [X] `REGR_AVGY(dependent, independent)`
+- [X] `REGR_SXX(dependent, independent)`
+- [X] `REGR_SYY(dependent, independent)`
+- [X] `REGR_SXY(dependent, independent)`
+- [X] `REGR_COUNT(dependent, independent)`
+- [X] `REGR_SLOPE(dependent, independent)`
+- [X] `REGR_INTERCEPT(dependent, independent)`
+- [X] `REGR_R2(dependent, independent)`
+
+## Set aggregates
+
+- [X] `CUME_DIST() OVER window`
+- [X] `RANK() OVER window`
+- [X] `DENSE_RANK() OVER window`
+- [X] `PERCENT_RANK() OVER window`
+- [ ] `PERCENTILE_CONT(percentile) OVER window`
+- [ ] `PERCENTILE_DISC(percentile) OVER window`
+
+https://sqlite.org/windowfunctions.html#builtins

ext/stats/stats.go

@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+// Package stats provides aggregate functions for statistics.
+//
+// Provided functions:
+//   - stddev_pop: population standard deviation
+//   - stddev_samp: sample standard deviation
+//   - var_pop: population variance
+//   - var_samp: sample variance
+//   - covar_pop: population covariance
+//   - covar_samp: sample covariance
+//   - corr: correlation coefficient
+//   - regr_r2: correlation coefficient squared
+//   - regr_avgx: average of the independent variable
+//   - regr_avgy: average of the dependent variable
+//   - regr_sxx: sum of the squares of the independent variable
+//   - regr_syy: sum of the squares of the dependent variable
+//   - regr_sxy: sum of the products of each pair of variables
+//   - regr_count: count non-null pairs of variables
+//   - regr_slope: slope of the least-squares-fit linear equation
+//   - regr_intercept: y-intercept of the least-squares-fit linear equation
+//   - regr_json: all regr stats in a JSON object
+//
+// These join the [Built-in Aggregate Functions]:
+//   - count: count rows/values
+//   - sum: sum values
+//   - avg: average value
+//   - min: minimum value
+//   - max: maximum value
+//
+// See: [ANSI SQL Aggregate Functions]
+//
+// [Built-in Aggregate Functions]: https://sqlite.org/lang_aggfunc.html
+// [ANSI SQL Aggregate Functions]: https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/sql-in-a/9780596155322/ch04s02.html
+package stats
+
+import "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+
+// Register registers statistics functions.
+func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) {
+	flags := sqlite3.DETERMINISTIC | sqlite3.INNOCUOUS
+	db.CreateWindowFunction("var_pop", 1, flags, newVariance(var_pop))
+	db.CreateWindowFunction("var_samp", 1, flags, newVariance(var_samp))
+	db.CreateWindowFunction("stddev_pop", 1, flags, newVariance(stddev_pop))
+	db.CreateWindowFunction("stddev_samp", 1, flags, newVariance(stddev_samp))
+	db.CreateWindowFunction("covar_pop", 2, flags, newCovariance(var_pop))
+	db.CreateWindowFunction("covar_samp", 2, flags, newCovariance(var_samp))
+	db.CreateWindowFunction("corr", 2, flags, newCovariance(corr))
+	db.CreateWindowFunction("regr_r2", 2, flags, newCovariance(regr_r2))
+	db.CreateWindowFunction("regr_sxx", 2, flags, newCovariance(regr_sxx))
+	db.CreateWindowFunction("regr_syy", 2, flags, newCovariance(regr_syy))
+	db.CreateWindowFunction("regr_sxy", 2, flags, newCovariance(regr_sxy))
+	db.CreateWindowFunction("regr_avgx", 2, flags, newCovariance(regr_avgx))
+	db.CreateWindowFunction("regr_avgy", 2, flags, newCovariance(regr_avgy))
+	db.CreateWindowFunction("regr_slope", 2, flags, newCovariance(regr_slope))
+	db.CreateWindowFunction("regr_intercept", 2, flags, newCovariance(regr_intercept))
+	db.CreateWindowFunction("regr_count", 2, flags, newCovariance(regr_count))
+	db.CreateWindowFunction("regr_json", 2, flags, newCovariance(regr_json))
+}
+
+const (
+	var_pop = iota
+	var_samp
+	stddev_pop
+	stddev_samp
+	corr
+	regr_r2
+	regr_sxx
+	regr_syy
+	regr_sxy
+	regr_avgx
+	regr_avgy
+	regr_slope
+	regr_intercept
+	regr_count
+	regr_json
+)
+
+func newVariance(kind int) func() sqlite3.AggregateFunction {
+	return func() sqlite3.AggregateFunction { return &variance{kind: kind} }
+}
+
+type variance struct {
+	kind int
+	welford
+}
+
+func (fn *variance) Value(ctx sqlite3.Context) {
+	var r float64
+	switch fn.kind {
+	case var_pop:
+		r = fn.var_pop()
+	case var_samp:
+		r = fn.var_samp()
+	case stddev_pop:
+		r = fn.stddev_pop()
+	case stddev_samp:
+		r = fn.stddev_samp()
+	}
+	ctx.ResultFloat(r)
+}
+
+func (fn *variance) Step(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	if a := arg[0]; a.NumericType() != sqlite3.NULL {
+		fn.enqueue(a.Float())
+	}
+}
+
+func (fn *variance) Inverse(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	if a := arg[0]; a.NumericType() != sqlite3.NULL {
+		fn.dequeue(a.Float())
+	}
+}
+
+func newCovariance(kind int) func() sqlite3.AggregateFunction {
+	return func() sqlite3.AggregateFunction { return &covariance{kind: kind} }
+}
+
+type covariance struct {
+	kind int
+	welford2
+}
+
+func (fn *covariance) Value(ctx sqlite3.Context) {
+	var r float64
+	switch fn.kind {
+	case var_pop:
+		r = fn.covar_pop()
+	case var_samp:
+		r = fn.covar_samp()
+	case corr:
+		r = fn.correlation()
+	case regr_r2:
+		r = fn.regr_r2()
+	case regr_sxx:
+		r = fn.regr_sxx()
+	case regr_syy:
+		r = fn.regr_syy()
+	case regr_sxy:
+		r = fn.regr_sxy()
+	case regr_avgx:
+		r = fn.regr_avgx()
+	case regr_avgy:
+		r = fn.regr_avgy()
+	case regr_slope:
+		r = fn.regr_slope()
+	case regr_intercept:
+		r = fn.regr_intercept()
+	case regr_count:
+		ctx.ResultInt64(fn.regr_count())
+		return
+	case regr_json:
+		ctx.ResultText(fn.regr_json())
+		return
+	}
+	ctx.ResultFloat(r)
+}
+
+func (fn *covariance) Step(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	a, b := arg[0], arg[1]
+	if a.NumericType() != sqlite3.NULL && b.NumericType() != sqlite3.NULL {
+		fn.enqueue(a.Float(), b.Float())
+	}
+}
+
+func (fn *covariance) Inverse(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	a, b := arg[0], arg[1]
+	if a.NumericType() != sqlite3.NULL && b.NumericType() != sqlite3.NULL {
+		fn.dequeue(a.Float(), b.Float())
+	}
+}

ext/stats/stats_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+package stats_test
+
+import (
+	"math"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/stats"
+)
+
+func TestRegister_variance(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	db, err := sqlite3.Open(":memory:")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	stats.Register(db)
+
+	err = db.Exec(`CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS data (x)`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO data (x) VALUES (4), (7.0), ('13'), (NULL), (16)`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	stmt, _, err := db.Prepare(`
+		SELECT
+			sum(x), avg(x),
+			var_samp(x), var_pop(x),
+			stddev_samp(x), stddev_pop(x)
+		FROM data`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer stmt.Close()
+
+	if stmt.Step() {
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(0); got != 40 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want 40", got)
+		}
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(1); got != 10 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want 10", got)
+		}
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(2); got != 30 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want 30", got)
+		}
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(3); got != 22.5 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want 22.5", got)
+		}
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(4); got != math.Sqrt(30) {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want √30", got)
+		}
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(5); got != math.Sqrt(22.5) {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want √22.5", got)
+		}
+	}
+
+	{
+		stmt, _, err := db.Prepare(`SELECT var_samp(x) OVER (ROWS 1 PRECEDING) FROM data`)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		defer stmt.Close()
+
+		want := [...]float64{0, 4.5, 18, 0, 0}
+		for i := 0; stmt.Step(); i++ {
+			if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(0); got != want[i] {
+				t.Errorf("got %v, want %v", got, want[i])
+			}
+			if got := stmt.ColumnType(0); (got == sqlite3.FLOAT) != (want[i] != 0) {
+				t.Errorf("got %v, want %v", got, want[i])
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRegister_covariance(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	db, err := sqlite3.Open(":memory:")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	stats.Register(db)
+
+	err = db.Exec(`CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS data (y, x)`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO data (y, x) VALUES (3, 70), (5, 80), (2, 60), (7, 90), (4, 75)`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	stmt, _, err := db.Prepare(`SELECT
+		corr(y, x), covar_samp(y, x), covar_pop(y, x),
+		regr_avgy(y, x), regr_avgx(y, x),
+		regr_syy(y, x), regr_sxx(y, x), regr_sxy(y, x),
+		regr_slope(y, x), regr_intercept(y, x), regr_r2(y, x),
+		regr_count(y, x), regr_json(y, x)
+		FROM data`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer stmt.Close()
+
+	if stmt.Step() {
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(0); got != 0.9881049293224639 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want 0.9881049293224639", got)
+		}
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(1); got != 21.25 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want 21.25", got)
+		}
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(2); got != 17 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want 17", got)
+		}
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(3); got != 4.2 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want 4.2", got)
+		}
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(4); got != 75 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want 75", got)
+		}
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(5); got != 14.8 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want 14.8", got)
+		}
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(6); got != 500 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want 500", got)
+		}
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(7); got != 85 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want 85", got)
+		}
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(8); got != 0.17 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want 0.17", got)
+		}
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(9); got != -8.55 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want -8.55", got)
+		}
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(10); got != 0.9763513513513513 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want 0.9763513513513513", got)
+		}
+		if got := stmt.ColumnInt(11); got != 5 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want 5", got)
+		}
+		var a map[string]float64
+		if err := stmt.ColumnJSON(12, &a); err != nil {
+			t.Error(err)
+		} else if got := a["count"]; got != 5 {
+			t.Errorf("got %v, want 5", got)
+		}
+	}
+
+	{
+		stmt, _, err := db.Prepare(`SELECT covar_samp(y, x) OVER (ROWS 1 PRECEDING) FROM data`)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		defer stmt.Close()
+
+		want := [...]float64{0, 10, 30, 75, 22.5}
+		for i := 0; stmt.Step(); i++ {
+			if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(0); got != want[i] {
+				t.Errorf("got %v, want %v", got, want[i])
+			}
+			if got := stmt.ColumnType(0); (got == sqlite3.FLOAT) != (want[i] != 0) {
+				t.Errorf("got %v, want %v", got, want[i])
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func Benchmark_average(b *testing.B) {
+	db, err := sqlite3.Open(":memory:")
+	if err != nil {
+		b.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	stmt, _, err := db.Prepare(`SELECT avg(value) FROM generate_series(0, ?)`)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer stmt.Close()
+
+	err = stmt.BindInt(1, b.N)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	if stmt.Step() {
+		want := float64(b.N) / 2
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(0); got != want {
+			b.Errorf("got %v, want %v", got, want)
+		}
+	}
+
+	err = stmt.Err()
+	if err != nil {
+		b.Error(err)
+	}
+}
+
+func Benchmark_variance(b *testing.B) {
+	db, err := sqlite3.Open(":memory:")
+	if err != nil {
+		b.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	stats.Register(db)
+
+	stmt, _, err := db.Prepare(`SELECT var_pop(value) FROM generate_series(0, ?)`)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer stmt.Close()
+
+	err = stmt.BindInt(1, b.N)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	if stmt.Step() && b.N > 100 {
+		want := float64(b.N*b.N) / 12
+		if got := stmt.ColumnFloat(0); want > (got-want)*float64(b.N) {
+			b.Errorf("got %v, want %v", got, want)
+		}
+	}
+
+	err = stmt.Err()
+	if err != nil {
+		b.Error(err)
+	}
+}

ext/stats/welford.go

@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+package stats
+
+import (
+	"math"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// Welford's algorithm with Kahan summation:
+// https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms_for_calculating_variance#Welford's_online_algorithm
+// https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kahan_summation_algorithm
+
+// See also:
+// https://duckdb.org/docs/sql/aggregates.html#statistical-aggregates
+
+type welford struct {
+	m1, m2 kahan
+	n      int64
+}
+
+func (w welford) average() float64 {
+	return w.m1.hi
+}
+
+func (w welford) var_pop() float64 {
+	return w.m2.hi / float64(w.n)
+}
+
+func (w welford) var_samp() float64 {
+	return w.m2.hi / float64(w.n-1) // Bessel's correction
+}
+
+func (w welford) stddev_pop() float64 {
+	return math.Sqrt(w.var_pop())
+}
+
+func (w welford) stddev_samp() float64 {
+	return math.Sqrt(w.var_samp())
+}
+
+func (w *welford) enqueue(x float64) {
+	w.n++
+	d1 := x - w.m1.hi - w.m1.lo
+	w.m1.add(d1 / float64(w.n))
+	d2 := x - w.m1.hi - w.m1.lo
+	w.m2.add(d1 * d2)
+}
+
+func (w *welford) dequeue(x float64) {
+	w.n--
+	d1 := x - w.m1.hi - w.m1.lo
+	w.m1.sub(d1 / float64(w.n))
+	d2 := x - w.m1.hi - w.m1.lo
+	w.m2.sub(d1 * d2)
+}
+
+type welford2 struct {
+	m1y, m2y kahan
+	m1x, m2x kahan
+	cov      kahan
+	n        int64
+}
+
+func (w welford2) covar_pop() float64 {
+	return w.cov.hi / float64(w.n)
+}
+
+func (w welford2) covar_samp() float64 {
+	return w.cov.hi / float64(w.n-1) // Bessel's correction
+}
+
+func (w welford2) correlation() float64 {
+	return w.cov.hi / math.Sqrt(w.m2y.hi*w.m2x.hi)
+}
+
+func (w welford2) regr_avgy() float64 {
+	return w.m1y.hi
+}
+
+func (w welford2) regr_avgx() float64 {
+	return w.m1x.hi
+}
+
+func (w welford2) regr_syy() float64 {
+	return w.m2y.hi
+}
+
+func (w welford2) regr_sxx() float64 {
+	return w.m2x.hi
+}
+
+func (w welford2) regr_sxy() float64 {
+	return w.cov.hi
+}
+
+func (w welford2) regr_count() int64 {
+	return w.n
+}
+
+func (w welford2) regr_slope() float64 {
+	return w.cov.hi / w.m2x.hi
+}
+
+func (w welford2) regr_intercept() float64 {
+	slope := -w.regr_slope()
+	hi := math.FMA(slope, w.m1x.hi, w.m1y.hi)
+	lo := math.FMA(slope, w.m1x.lo, w.m1y.lo)
+	return hi + lo
+}
+
+func (w welford2) regr_r2() float64 {
+	return w.cov.hi * w.cov.hi / (w.m2y.hi * w.m2x.hi)
+}
+
+func (w welford2) regr_json() string {
+	var json strings.Builder
+	var num [32]byte
+	json.Grow(128)
+	json.WriteString(`{"count":`)
+	json.Write(strconv.AppendInt(num[:0], w.regr_count(), 10))
+	json.WriteString(`,"avgy":`)
+	json.Write(strconv.AppendFloat(num[:0], w.regr_avgy(), 'g', -1, 64))
+	json.WriteString(`,"avgx":`)
+	json.Write(strconv.AppendFloat(num[:0], w.regr_avgx(), 'g', -1, 64))
+	json.WriteString(`,"syy":`)
+	json.Write(strconv.AppendFloat(num[:0], w.regr_syy(), 'g', -1, 64))
+	json.WriteString(`,"sxx":`)
+	json.Write(strconv.AppendFloat(num[:0], w.regr_sxx(), 'g', -1, 64))
+	json.WriteString(`,"sxy":`)
+	json.Write(strconv.AppendFloat(num[:0], w.regr_sxy(), 'g', -1, 64))
+	json.WriteString(`,"slope":`)
+	json.Write(strconv.AppendFloat(num[:0], w.regr_slope(), 'g', -1, 64))
+	json.WriteString(`,"intercept":`)
+	json.Write(strconv.AppendFloat(num[:0], w.regr_intercept(), 'g', -1, 64))
+	json.WriteString(`,"r2":`)
+	json.Write(strconv.AppendFloat(num[:0], w.regr_r2(), 'g', -1, 64))
+	json.WriteByte('}')
+	return json.String()
+}
+
+func (w *welford2) enqueue(y, x float64) {
+	w.n++
+	d1y := y - w.m1y.hi - w.m1y.lo
+	d1x := x - w.m1x.hi - w.m1x.lo
+	w.m1y.add(d1y / float64(w.n))
+	w.m1x.add(d1x / float64(w.n))
+	d2y := y - w.m1y.hi - w.m1y.lo
+	d2x := x - w.m1x.hi - w.m1x.lo
+	w.m2y.add(d1y * d2y)
+	w.m2x.add(d1x * d2x)
+	w.cov.add(d1y * d2x)
+}
+
+func (w *welford2) dequeue(y, x float64) {
+	w.n--
+	d1y := y - w.m1y.hi - w.m1y.lo
+	d1x := x - w.m1x.hi - w.m1x.lo
+	w.m1y.sub(d1y / float64(w.n))
+	w.m1x.sub(d1x / float64(w.n))
+	d2y := y - w.m1y.hi - w.m1y.lo
+	d2x := x - w.m1x.hi - w.m1x.lo
+	w.m2y.sub(d1y * d2y)
+	w.m2x.sub(d1x * d2x)
+	w.cov.sub(d1y * d2x)
+}
+
+type kahan struct{ hi, lo float64 }
+
+func (k *kahan) add(x float64) {
+	y := k.lo + x
+	t := k.hi + y
+	k.lo = y - (t - k.hi)
+	k.hi = t
+}
+
+func (k *kahan) sub(x float64) {
+	y := k.lo - x
+	t := k.hi + y
+	k.lo = y - (t - k.hi)
+	k.hi = t
+}

ext/stats/welford_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+package stats
+
+import (
+	"math"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func Test_welford(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	var s1, s2 welford
+
+	s1.enqueue(4)
+	s1.enqueue(7)
+	s1.enqueue(13)
+	s1.enqueue(16)
+	if got := s1.average(); got != 10 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want 10", got)
+	}
+	if got := s1.var_samp(); got != 30 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want 30", got)
+	}
+	if got := s1.var_pop(); got != 22.5 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want 22.5", got)
+	}
+	if got := s1.stddev_samp(); got != math.Sqrt(30) {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want √30", got)
+	}
+	if got := s1.stddev_pop(); got != math.Sqrt(22.5) {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want √22.5", got)
+	}
+
+	s1.dequeue(4)
+	s2.enqueue(7)
+	s2.enqueue(13)
+	s2.enqueue(16)
+	if s1.var_pop() != s2.var_pop() {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want %v", s1, s2)
+	}
+}
+
+func Test_covar(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	var c1, c2 welford2
+
+	c1.enqueue(3, 70)
+	c1.enqueue(5, 80)
+	c1.enqueue(2, 60)
+	c1.enqueue(7, 90)
+	c1.enqueue(4, 75)
+
+	if got := c1.covar_samp(); got != 21.25 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want 21.25", got)
+	}
+	if got := c1.covar_pop(); got != 17 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want 17", got)
+	}
+
+	c1.dequeue(3, 70)
+	c2.enqueue(5, 80)
+	c2.enqueue(2, 60)
+	c2.enqueue(7, 90)
+	c2.enqueue(4, 75)
+	if c1.covar_pop() != c2.covar_pop() {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want %v", c1.covar_pop(), c2.covar_pop())
+	}
+}
+
+func Test_correlation(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	var c welford2
+	c.enqueue(1, 3)
+	c.enqueue(2, 2)
+	c.enqueue(3, 1)
+
+	if got := c.correlation(); got != -1 {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want -1", got)
+	}
+}

ext/unicode/unicode.go

@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+// Package unicode provides an alternative to the SQLite ICU extension.
+//
+// Like the [ICU extension], it provides Unicode aware:
+//   - upper() and lower() functions,
+//   - LIKE and REGEXP operators,
+//   - collation sequences.
+//
+// The implementation is not 100% compatible with the [ICU extension]:
+//   - upper() and lower() use [strings.ToUpper], [strings.ToLower] and [cases];
+//   - the LIKE operator follows [strings.EqualFold] rules;
+//   - the REGEXP operator uses Go [regexp/syntax];
+//   - collation sequences use [collate].
+//
+// Expect subtle differences (e.g.) in the handling of Turkish case folding.
+//
+// [ICU extension]: https://sqlite.org/src/dir/ext/icu
+package unicode
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"regexp"
+	"strings"
+	"unicode/utf8"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
+	"golang.org/x/text/cases"
+	"golang.org/x/text/collate"
+	"golang.org/x/text/language"
+)
+
+// Register registers Unicode aware functions for a database connection.
+func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) {
+	flags := sqlite3.DETERMINISTIC | sqlite3.INNOCUOUS
+
+	db.CreateFunction("like", 2, flags, like)
+	db.CreateFunction("like", 3, flags, like)
+	db.CreateFunction("upper", 1, flags, upper)
+	db.CreateFunction("upper", 2, flags, upper)
+	db.CreateFunction("lower", 1, flags, lower)
+	db.CreateFunction("lower", 2, flags, lower)
+	db.CreateFunction("regexp", 2, flags, regex)
+	db.CreateFunction("icu_load_collation", 2, sqlite3.DIRECTONLY,
+		func(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+			name := arg[1].Text()
+			if name == "" {
+				return
+			}
+
+			err := RegisterCollation(db, arg[0].Text(), name)
+			if err != nil {
+				ctx.ResultError(err)
+				return
+			}
+		})
+}
+
+// RegisterCollation registers a Unicode collation sequence for a database connection.
+func RegisterCollation(db *sqlite3.Conn, locale, name string) error {
+	tag, err := language.Parse(locale)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return db.CreateCollation(name, collate.New(tag).Compare)
+}
+
+func upper(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	if len(arg) == 1 {
+		ctx.ResultRawText(bytes.ToUpper(arg[0].RawText()))
+		return
+	}
+	cs, ok := ctx.GetAuxData(1).(cases.Caser)
+	if !ok {
+		t, err := language.Parse(arg[1].Text())
+		if err != nil {
+			ctx.ResultError(err)
+			return
+		}
+		c := cases.Upper(t)
+		ctx.SetAuxData(1, c)
+		cs = c
+	}
+	ctx.ResultRawText(cs.Bytes(arg[0].RawText()))
+}
+
+func lower(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	if len(arg) == 1 {
+		ctx.ResultRawText(bytes.ToLower(arg[0].RawText()))
+		return
+	}
+	cs, ok := ctx.GetAuxData(1).(cases.Caser)
+	if !ok {
+		t, err := language.Parse(arg[1].Text())
+		if err != nil {
+			ctx.ResultError(err)
+			return
+		}
+		c := cases.Lower(t)
+		ctx.SetAuxData(1, c)
+		cs = c
+	}
+	ctx.ResultRawText(cs.Bytes(arg[0].RawText()))
+}
+
+func regex(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	re, ok := ctx.GetAuxData(0).(*regexp.Regexp)
+	if !ok {
+		r, err := regexp.Compile(arg[0].Text())
+		if err != nil {
+			ctx.ResultError(err)
+			return
+		}
+		re = r
+		ctx.SetAuxData(0, re)
+	}
+	ctx.ResultBool(re.Match(arg[1].RawText()))
+}
+
+func like(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	escape := rune(-1)
+	if len(arg) == 3 {
+		var size int
+		b := arg[2].RawText()
+		escape, size = utf8.DecodeRune(b)
+		if size != len(b) {
+			ctx.ResultError(util.ErrorString("ESCAPE expression must be a single character"))
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	type likeData struct {
+		*regexp.Regexp
+		escape rune
+	}
+
+	re, ok := ctx.GetAuxData(0).(likeData)
+	if !ok || re.escape != escape {
+		re = likeData{
+			regexp.MustCompile(like2regex(arg[0].Text(), escape)),
+			escape,
+		}
+		ctx.SetAuxData(0, re)
+	}
+	ctx.ResultBool(re.Match(arg[1].RawText()))
+}
+
+func like2regex(pattern string, escape rune) string {
+	var re strings.Builder
+	start := 0
+	literal := false
+	re.Grow(len(pattern) + 10)
+	re.WriteString(`(?is)\A`) // case insensitive, . matches any character
+	for i, r := range pattern {
+		if start < 0 {
+			start = i
+		}
+		if literal {
+			literal = false
+			continue
+		}
+		var symbol string
+		switch r {
+		case '_':
+			symbol = `.`
+		case '%':
+			symbol = `.*`
+		case escape:
+			literal = true
+		default:
+			continue
+		}
+		re.WriteString(regexp.QuoteMeta(pattern[start:i]))
+		re.WriteString(symbol)
+		start = -1
+	}
+	if start >= 0 {
+		re.WriteString(regexp.QuoteMeta(pattern[start:]))
+	}
+	re.WriteString(`\z`)
+	return re.String()
+}

ext/unicode/unicode_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
+package unicode
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"reflect"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed"
+)
+
+func TestRegister(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	db, err := sqlite3.Open(":memory:")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	exec := func(fn string) string {
+		stmt, _, err := db.Prepare(`SELECT ` + fn)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		defer stmt.Close()
+
+		if stmt.Step() {
+			return stmt.ColumnText(0)
+		}
+		t.Fatal(stmt.Err())
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	Register(db)
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		test string
+		want string
+	}{
+		{`upper('hello')`, "HELLO"},
+		{`lower('HELLO')`, "hello"},
+		{`upper('привет')`, "ПРИВЕТ"},
+		{`lower('ПРИВЕТ')`, "привет"},
+		{`upper('istanbul')`, "ISTANBUL"},
+		{`upper('istanbul', 'tr-TR')`, "İSTANBUL"},
+		{`lower('Dünyanın İlk Borsası', 'tr-TR')`, "dünyanın ilk borsası"},
+		{`upper('Dünyanın İlk Borsası', 'tr-TR')`, "DÜNYANIN İLK BORSASI"},
+		{`'Hello' REGEXP 'ell'`, "1"},
+		{`'Hello' REGEXP 'el.'`, "1"},
+		{`'Hello' LIKE 'hel_'`, "0"},
+		{`'Hello' LIKE 'hel%'`, "1"},
+		{`'Hello' LIKE 'h_llo'`, "1"},
+		{`'Hello' LIKE 'hello'`, "1"},
+		{`'Привет' LIKE 'ПРИВЕТ'`, "1"},
+		{`'100%' LIKE '100|%' ESCAPE '|'`, "1"},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.test, func(t *testing.T) {
+			if got := exec(tt.test); got != tt.want {
+				t.Errorf("exec(%q) = %q, want %q", tt.test, got, tt.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+
+	err = db.Close()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRegister_collation(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	db, err := sqlite3.Open(":memory:")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	Register(db)
+
+	err = db.Exec(`CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS words (word VARCHAR(10))`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO words (word) VALUES ('côte'), ('cote'), ('coter'), ('coté'), ('cotée'), ('côté')`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`SELECT icu_load_collation('fr_FR', 'french')`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	stmt, _, err := db.Prepare(`SELECT word FROM words ORDER BY word COLLATE french`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer stmt.Close()
+
+	got, want := []string{}, []string{"cote", "coté", "côte", "côté", "cotée", "coter"}
+
+	for stmt.Step() {
+		got = append(got, stmt.ColumnText(0))
+	}
+	if err := stmt.Err(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(got, want) {
+		t.Error("not equal")
+	}
+
+	err = stmt.Close()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Close()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRegister_error(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	db, err := sqlite3.Open(":memory:")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	Register(db)
+
+	err = db.Exec(`SELECT upper('hello', 'enUS')`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("want error")
+	}
+	if !errors.Is(err, sqlite3.ERROR) {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want sqlite3.ERROR", err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`SELECT lower('hello', 'enUS')`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("want error")
+	}
+	if !errors.Is(err, sqlite3.ERROR) {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want sqlite3.ERROR", err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`SELECT 'hello' REGEXP '\'`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("want error")
+	}
+	if !errors.Is(err, sqlite3.ERROR) {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want sqlite3.ERROR", err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`SELECT 'hello' LIKE 'HELLO' ESCAPE '\\'`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("want error")
+	}
+	if !errors.Is(err, sqlite3.ERROR) {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want sqlite3.ERROR", err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`SELECT icu_load_collation('enUS', 'error')`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("want error")
+	}
+	if !errors.Is(err, sqlite3.ERROR) {
+		t.Errorf("got %v, want sqlite3.ERROR", err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`SELECT icu_load_collation('enUS', '')`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Close()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}
+
+func Test_like2regex(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	const prefix = `(?is)\A`
+	const sufix = `\z`
+	tests := []struct {
+		pattern string
+		escape  rune
+		want    string
+	}{
+		{`a`, -1, `a`},
+		{`a.`, -1, `a\.`},
+		{`a%`, -1, `a.*`},
+		{`a\`, -1, `a\\`},
+		{`a_b`, -1, `a.b`},
+		{`a|b`, '|', `ab`},
+		{`a|_`, '|', `a_`},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.pattern, func(t *testing.T) {
+			want := prefix + tt.want + sufix
+			if got := like2regex(tt.pattern, tt.escape); got != want {
+				t.Errorf("like2regex() = %q, want %q", got, want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

ext/zorder/zorder.go

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+// Package zorder provides functions for z-order transformations.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/src/doc/tip/ext/misc/zorder.c
+package zorder
+
+import (
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
+)
+
+// Register registers the zorder and unzorder SQL functions.
+func Register(db *sqlite3.Conn) {
+	flags := sqlite3.DETERMINISTIC | sqlite3.INNOCUOUS
+	db.CreateFunction("zorder", -1, flags, zorder)
+	db.CreateFunction("unzorder", 3, flags, unzorder)
+}
+
+func zorder(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	var x [63]int64
+	for i := range arg {
+		x[i] = arg[i].Int64()
+	}
+	if len(arg) > len(x) {
+		ctx.ResultError(util.ErrorString("zorder: too many parameters"))
+		return
+	}
+
+	var z int64
+	if len(arg) > 0 {
+		for i := 0; i < 63; i++ {
+			j := i % len(arg)
+			z |= (x[j] & 1) << i
+			x[j] >>= 1
+		}
+	}
+
+	for i := range arg {
+		if x[i] != 0 {
+			ctx.ResultError(util.ErrorString("zorder: parameter too large"))
+			return
+		}
+	}
+	ctx.ResultInt64(z)
+}
+
+func unzorder(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	z := arg[0].Int64()
+	n := arg[1].Int64()
+	i := arg[2].Int64()
+
+	var k int
+	var x int64
+	for j := i; j < 63; j += n {
+		x |= ((z >> j) & 1) << k
+		k++
+	}
+	ctx.ResultInt64(x)
+}

ext/zorder/zorder_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+package zorder_test
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver"
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/zorder"
+)
+
+func TestRegister_zorder(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	db, err := driver.Open(":memory:", func(c *sqlite3.Conn) error {
+		zorder.Register(c)
+		return nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	var got int64
+	err = db.QueryRow(`SELECT zorder(2, 3)`).Scan(&got)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if got != 14 {
+		t.Errorf("got %d, want 14", got)
+	}
+
+	err = db.QueryRow(`SELECT zorder(4, 5)`).Scan(&got)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if got != 50 {
+		t.Errorf("got %d, want 14", got)
+	}
+
+	var check bool
+	err = db.QueryRow(`SELECT zorder(3, 4) BETWEEN zorder(2, 3) AND zorder(4, 5)`).Scan(&check)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if !check {
+		t.Error("want true")
+	}
+
+	err = db.QueryRow(`SELECT zorder(2, 2) NOT BETWEEN zorder(2, 3) AND zorder(4, 5)`).Scan(&check)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if !check {
+		t.Error("want true")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRegister_unzorder(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	db, err := driver.Open(":memory:", func(c *sqlite3.Conn) error {
+		zorder.Register(c)
+		return nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	var got int64
+	err = db.QueryRow(`SELECT unzorder(zorder(3, 4), 2, 0)`).Scan(&got)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if got != 3 {
+		t.Errorf("got %d, want 3", got)
+	}
+
+	err = db.QueryRow(`SELECT unzorder(zorder(3, 4), 2, 1)`).Scan(&got)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if got != 4 {
+		t.Errorf("got %d, want 4", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRegister_error(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	db, err := driver.Open(":memory:", func(c *sqlite3.Conn) error {
+		zorder.Register(c)
+		return nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	var got int64
+	err = db.QueryRow(`SELECT zorder(1, 2, 3, 100000)`).Scan(&got)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("want error")
+	}
+}

func.go

@@ -0,0 +1,214 @@
+package sqlite3
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"sync"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/internal/util"
+	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/api"
+)
+
+// CollationNeeded registers a callback to be invoked
+// whenever an unknown collation sequence is required.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/collation_needed.html
+func (c *Conn) CollationNeeded(cb func(db *Conn, name string)) error {
+	var enable uint64
+	if cb != nil {
+		enable = 1
+	}
+	r := c.call("sqlite3_collation_needed_go", uint64(c.handle), enable)
+	if err := c.error(r); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	c.collation = cb
+	return nil
+}
+
+// AnyCollationNeeded uses [Conn.CollationNeeded] to register
+// a fake collating function for any unknown collating sequence.
+// The fake collating function works like BINARY.
+//
+// This can be used to load schemas that contain
+// one or more unknown collating sequences.
+func (c *Conn) AnyCollationNeeded() {
+	c.call("sqlite3_anycollseq_init", uint64(c.handle), 0, 0)
+}
+
+// CreateCollation defines a new collating sequence.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/create_collation.html
+func (c *Conn) CreateCollation(name string, fn func(a, b []byte) int) error {
+	defer c.arena.mark()()
+	namePtr := c.arena.string(name)
+	funcPtr := util.AddHandle(c.ctx, fn)
+	r := c.call("sqlite3_create_collation_go",
+		uint64(c.handle), uint64(namePtr), uint64(funcPtr))
+	return c.error(r)
+}
+
+// CreateFunction defines a new scalar SQL function.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/create_function.html
+func (c *Conn) CreateFunction(name string, nArg int, flag FunctionFlag, fn ScalarFunction) error {
+	defer c.arena.mark()()
+	namePtr := c.arena.string(name)
+	funcPtr := util.AddHandle(c.ctx, fn)
+	r := c.call("sqlite3_create_function_go",
+		uint64(c.handle), uint64(namePtr), uint64(nArg),
+		uint64(flag), uint64(funcPtr))
+	return c.error(r)
+}
+
+// ScalarFunction is the type of a scalar SQL function.
+// Implementations must not retain arg.
+type ScalarFunction func(ctx Context, arg ...Value)
+
+// CreateWindowFunction defines a new aggregate or aggregate window SQL function.
+// If fn returns a [WindowFunction], then an aggregate window function is created.
+// If fn returns an [io.Closer], it will be called to free resources.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/create_function.html
+func (c *Conn) CreateWindowFunction(name string, nArg int, flag FunctionFlag, fn func() AggregateFunction) error {
+	defer c.arena.mark()()
+	call := "sqlite3_create_aggregate_function_go"
+	namePtr := c.arena.string(name)
+	funcPtr := util.AddHandle(c.ctx, fn)
+	if _, ok := fn().(WindowFunction); ok {
+		call = "sqlite3_create_window_function_go"
+	}
+	r := c.call(call,
+		uint64(c.handle), uint64(namePtr), uint64(nArg),
+		uint64(flag), uint64(funcPtr))
+	return c.error(r)
+}
+
+// AggregateFunction is the interface an aggregate function should implement.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/appfunc.html
+type AggregateFunction interface {
+	// Step is invoked to add a row to the current window.
+	// The function arguments, if any, corresponding to the row being added, are passed to Step.
+	// Implementations must not retain arg.
+	Step(ctx Context, arg ...Value)
+
+	// Value is invoked to return the current (or final) value of the aggregate.
+	Value(ctx Context)
+}
+
+// WindowFunction is the interface an aggregate window function should implement.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/windowfunctions.html
+type WindowFunction interface {
+	AggregateFunction
+
+	// Inverse is invoked to remove the oldest presently aggregated result of Step from the current window.
+	// The function arguments, if any, are those passed to Step for the row being removed.
+	// Implementations must not retain arg.
+	Inverse(ctx Context, arg ...Value)
+}
+
+// OverloadFunction overloads a function for a virtual table.
+//
+// https://sqlite.org/c3ref/overload_function.html
+func (c *Conn) OverloadFunction(name string, nArg int) error {
+	defer c.arena.mark()()
+	namePtr := c.arena.string(name)
+	r := c.call("sqlite3_overload_function",
+		uint64(c.handle), uint64(namePtr), uint64(nArg))
+	return c.error(r)
+}
+
+func destroyCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pApp uint32) {
+	util.DelHandle(ctx, pApp)
+}
+
+func collationCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pArg, pDB, eTextRep, zName uint32) {
+	if c, ok := ctx.Value(connKey{}).(*Conn); ok && c.handle == pDB && c.collation != nil {
+		name := util.ReadString(mod, zName, _MAX_NAME)
+		c.collation(c, name)
+	}
+}
+
+func compareCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pApp, nKey1, pKey1, nKey2, pKey2 uint32) uint32 {
+	fn := util.GetHandle(ctx, pApp).(func(a, b []byte) int)
+	return uint32(fn(util.View(mod, pKey1, uint64(nKey1)), util.View(mod, pKey2, uint64(nKey2))))
+}
+
+func funcCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pCtx, pApp, nArg, pArg uint32) {
+	args := getFuncArgs()
+	defer putFuncArgs(args)
+	db := ctx.Value(connKey{}).(*Conn)
+	fn := util.GetHandle(db.ctx, pApp).(ScalarFunction)
+	callbackArgs(db, args[:nArg], pArg)
+	fn(Context{db, pCtx}, args[:nArg]...)
+}
+
+func stepCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pCtx, pAgg, pApp, nArg, pArg uint32) {
+	args := getFuncArgs()
+	defer putFuncArgs(args)
+	db := ctx.Value(connKey{}).(*Conn)
+	callbackArgs(db, args[:nArg], pArg)
+	fn, _ := callbackAggregate(db, pAgg, pApp)
+	fn.Step(Context{db, pCtx}, args[:nArg]...)
+}
+
+func finalCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pCtx, pAgg, pApp uint32) {
+	db := ctx.Value(connKey{}).(*Conn)
+	fn, handle := callbackAggregate(db, pAgg, pApp)
+	fn.Value(Context{db, pCtx})
+	util.DelHandle(ctx, handle)
+}
+
+func valueCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pCtx, pAgg uint32) {
+	db := ctx.Value(connKey{}).(*Conn)
+	fn := util.GetHandle(db.ctx, pAgg).(AggregateFunction)
+	fn.Value(Context{db, pCtx})
+}
+
+func inverseCallback(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, pCtx, pAgg, nArg, pArg uint32) {
+	args := getFuncArgs()
+	defer putFuncArgs(args)
+	db := ctx.Value(connKey{}).(*Conn)
+	callbackArgs(db, args[:nArg], pArg)
+	fn := util.GetHandle(db.ctx, pAgg).(WindowFunction)
+	fn.Inverse(Context{db, pCtx}, args[:nArg]...)
+}
+
+func callbackAggregate(db *Conn, pAgg, pApp uint32) (AggregateFunction, uint32) {
+	if pApp == 0 {
+		handle := util.ReadUint32(db.mod, pAgg)
+		return util.GetHandle(db.ctx, handle).(AggregateFunction), handle
+	}
+
+	// We need to create the aggregate.
+	fn := util.GetHandle(db.ctx, pApp).(func() AggregateFunction)()
+	handle := util.AddHandle(db.ctx, fn)
+	if pAgg != 0 {
+		util.WriteUint32(db.mod, pAgg, handle)
+	}
+	return fn, handle
+}
+
+func callbackArgs(db *Conn, arg []Value, pArg uint32) {
+	for i := range arg {
+		arg[i] = Value{
+			c:      db,
+			handle: util.ReadUint32(db.mod, pArg+ptrlen*uint32(i)),
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+var funcArgsPool sync.Pool
+
+func putFuncArgs(p *[_MAX_FUNCTION_ARG]Value) {
+	funcArgsPool.Put(p)
+}
+
+func getFuncArgs() *[_MAX_FUNCTION_ARG]Value {
+	if p := funcArgsPool.Get(); p == nil {
+		return new([_MAX_FUNCTION_ARG]Value)
+	} else {
+		return p.(*[_MAX_FUNCTION_ARG]Value)
+	}
+}

func_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+package sqlite3_test
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"regexp"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/ext/unicode"
+)
+
+func ExampleConn_CreateCollation() {
+	db, err := sqlite3.Open(":memory:")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	err = db.Exec(`CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS words (word VARCHAR(10))`)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO words (word) VALUES ('côte'), ('cote'), ('coter'), ('coté'), ('cotée'), ('côté')`)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.CollationNeeded(func(db *sqlite3.Conn, name string) {
+		err := unicode.RegisterCollation(db, name, name)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	stmt, _, err := db.Prepare(`SELECT word FROM words ORDER BY word COLLATE fr_FR`)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer stmt.Close()
+
+	for stmt.Step() {
+		fmt.Println(stmt.ColumnText(0))
+	}
+	if err := stmt.Err(); err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	// Output:
+	// cote
+	// coté
+	// côte
+	// côté
+	// cotée
+	// coter
+}
+
+func ExampleConn_CreateFunction() {
+	db, err := sqlite3.Open(":memory:")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	err = db.Exec(`CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS words (word VARCHAR(10))`)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO words (word) VALUES ('côte'), ('cote'), ('coter'), ('coté'), ('cotée'), ('côté')`)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.CreateFunction("upper", 1, sqlite3.DETERMINISTIC|sqlite3.INNOCUOUS, func(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+		ctx.ResultRawText(bytes.ToUpper(arg[0].RawText()))
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	stmt, _, err := db.Prepare(`SELECT upper(word) FROM words`)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer stmt.Close()
+
+	for stmt.Step() {
+		fmt.Println(stmt.ColumnText(0))
+	}
+	if err := stmt.Err(); err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	// Unordered output:
+	// COTE
+	// COTÉ
+	// CÔTE
+	// CÔTÉ
+	// COTÉE
+	// COTER
+}
+
+func ExampleContext_SetAuxData() {
+	db, err := sqlite3.Open(":memory:")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	err = db.Exec(`CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS words (word VARCHAR(10))`)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO words (word) VALUES ('côte'), ('cote'), ('coter'), ('coté'), ('cotée'), ('côté')`)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.CreateFunction("regexp", 2, sqlite3.DETERMINISTIC|sqlite3.INNOCUOUS, func(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+		re, ok := ctx.GetAuxData(0).(*regexp.Regexp)
+		if !ok {
+			r, err := regexp.Compile(arg[0].Text())
+			if err != nil {
+				ctx.ResultError(err)
+				return
+			}
+			ctx.SetAuxData(0, r)
+			re = r
+		}
+		ctx.ResultBool(re.Match(arg[1].RawText()))
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	stmt, _, err := db.Prepare(`SELECT word FROM words WHERE word REGEXP '^\p{L}+e$'`)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer stmt.Close()
+
+	for stmt.Step() {
+		fmt.Println(stmt.ColumnText(0))
+	}
+	if err := stmt.Err(); err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	// Unordered output:
+	// cote
+	// côte
+	// cotée
+}

func_win_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+package sqlite3_test
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"unicode"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed"
+)
+
+func ExampleConn_CreateWindowFunction() {
+	db, err := sqlite3.Open(":memory:")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	err = db.Exec(`CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS words (word VARCHAR(10))`)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO words (word) VALUES ('côte'), ('cote'), ('coter'), ('coté'), ('cotée'), ('côté')`)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	err = db.CreateWindowFunction("count_ascii", 1, sqlite3.DETERMINISTIC|sqlite3.INNOCUOUS, newASCIICounter)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	stmt, _, err := db.Prepare(`SELECT count_ascii(word) OVER (ROWS BETWEEN 1 PRECEDING AND 1 FOLLOWING) FROM words`)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer stmt.Close()
+
+	for stmt.Step() {
+		fmt.Println(stmt.ColumnInt(0))
+	}
+	if err := stmt.Err(); err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	// Output:
+	// 1
+	// 2
+	// 2
+	// 1
+	// 0
+	// 0
+}
+
+type countASCII struct{ result int }
+
+func newASCIICounter() sqlite3.AggregateFunction {
+	return &countASCII{}
+}
+
+func (f *countASCII) Value(ctx sqlite3.Context) {
+	ctx.ResultInt(f.result)
+}
+
+func (f *countASCII) Step(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	if f.isASCII(arg[0]) {
+		f.result++
+	}
+}
+
+func (f *countASCII) Inverse(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+	if f.isASCII(arg[0]) {
+		f.result--
+	}
+}
+
+func (f *countASCII) isASCII(arg sqlite3.Value) bool {
+	if arg.Type() != sqlite3.TEXT {
+		return false
+	}
+	for _, c := range arg.RawBlob() {
+		if c > unicode.MaxASCII {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}

go.mod

@@ -1,12 +1,15 @@
 module github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3
 
-go 1.19
+go 1.21
 
 require (
-	github.com/ncruces/julianday v0.1.5
-	github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.0.0-rc.1
-	golang.org/x/sync v0.1.0
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.6.0
+	github.com/ncruces/julianday v1.0.0
+	github.com/psanford/httpreadat v0.1.0
+	github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.7.0
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.21.0
+	golang.org/x/sync v0.6.0
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.18.0
+	golang.org/x/text v0.14.0
 )
 
 retract v0.4.0 // tagged from the wrong branch

go.sum

@@ -1,8 +1,14 @@
-github.com/ncruces/julianday v0.1.5 h1:hDJ9ejiMp3DHsoZ5KW4c1lwfMjbARS7u/gbYcd0FBZk=
-github.com/ncruces/julianday v0.1.5/go.mod h1:Dusn2KvZrrovOMJuOt0TNXL6tB7U2E8kvza5fFc9G7g=
-github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.0.0-rc.1 h1:ytecMV5Ue0BwezjKh/cM5yv1Mo49ep2R2snSsQUyToc=
-github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.0.0-rc.1/go.mod h1:wYx2gNRg8/WihJfSDxA1TIL8H+GkfLYm+bIfbblu9VQ=
-golang.org/x/sync v0.1.0 h1:wsuoTGHzEhffawBOhz5CYhcrV4IdKZbEyZjBMuTp12o=
-golang.org/x/sync v0.1.0/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJTE5uejpjVlOe/izrB70Jof72aM=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.6.0 h1:MVltZSvRTcU2ljQOhs94SXPftV6DCNnZViHeQps87pQ=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.6.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
+github.com/ncruces/julianday v1.0.0 h1:fH0OKwa7NWvniGQtxdJRxAgkBMolni2BjDHaWTxqt7M=
+github.com/ncruces/julianday v1.0.0/go.mod h1:Dusn2KvZrrovOMJuOt0TNXL6tB7U2E8kvza5fFc9G7g=
+github.com/psanford/httpreadat v0.1.0 h1:VleW1HS2zO7/4c7c7zNl33fO6oYACSagjJIyMIwZLUE=
+github.com/psanford/httpreadat v0.1.0/go.mod h1:Zg7P+TlBm3bYbyHTKv/EdtSJZn3qwbPwpfZ/I9GKCRE=
+github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.7.0 h1:jg5qPydno59wqjpGrHph81lbtHzTrWzwwtD4cD88+hQ=
+github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.7.0/go.mod h1:ytl6Zuh20R/eROuyDaGPkp82O9C/DJfXAwJfQ3X6/7Y=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.21.0 h1:X31++rzVUdKhX5sWmSOFZxx8UW/ldWx55cbf08iNAMA=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.21.0/go.mod h1:0BP7YvVV9gBbVKyeTG0Gyn+gZm94bibOW5BjDEYAOMs=
+golang.org/x/sync v0.6.0 h1:5BMeUDZ7vkXGfEr1x9B4bRcTH4lpkTkpdh0T/J+qjbQ=
+golang.org/x/sync v0.6.0/go.mod h1:Czt+wKu1gCyEFDUtn0jG5QVvpJ6rzVqr5aXyt9drQfk=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.18.0 h1:DBdB3niSjOA/O0blCZBqDefyWNYveAYMNF1Wum0DYQ4=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.18.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
+golang.org/x/text v0.14.0 h1:ScX5w1eTa3QqT8oi6+ziP7dTV1S2+ALU0bI+0zXKWiQ=
+golang.org/x/text v0.14.0/go.mod h1:18ZOQIKpY8NJVqYksKHtTdi31H5itFRjB5/qKTNYzSU=

go.work

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+go 1.21
+
+use (
+	.
+	./gormlite
+)

go.work.sum

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+golang.org/x/mod v0.8.0/go.mod h1:iBbtSCu2XBx23ZKBPSOrRkjjQPZFPuis4dIYUhu/chs=
+golang.org/x/net v0.21.0/go.mod h1:bIjVDfnllIU7BJ2DNgfnXvpSvtn8VRwhlsaeUTyUS44=
+golang.org/x/term v0.18.0/go.mod h1:ILwASektA3OnRv7amZ1xhE/KTR+u50pbXfZ03+6Nx58=
+golang.org/x/tools v0.6.0/go.mod h1:Xwgl3UAJ/d3gWutnCtw505GrjyAbvKui8lOU390QaIU=

gormlite/LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2023 Nuno Cruces
+Copyright (c) 2023 Jinzhu <wosmvp@gmail.com>
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.

gormlite/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# GORM SQLite Driver
+
+[![Go Reference](https://pkg.go.dev/badge/image)](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/gormlite)
+
+## Usage
+
+```go
+import (
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/gormlite"
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+)
+
+db, err := gorm.Open(gormlite.Open("gorm.db"), &gorm.Config{})
+```
+
+Checkout [https://gorm.io](https://gorm.io) for details.

gormlite/ddlmod.go

@@ -0,0 +1,290 @@
+package gormlite
+
+import (
+	"database/sql"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"regexp"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+
+	"gorm.io/gorm/migrator"
+)
+
+var (
+	sqliteSeparator    = "`|\"|'|\t"
+	uniqueRegexp       = regexp.MustCompile(fmt.Sprintf(`^CONSTRAINT [%v]?[\w-]+[%v]? UNIQUE (.*)$`, sqliteSeparator, sqliteSeparator))
+	indexRegexp        = regexp.MustCompile(fmt.Sprintf(`(?is)CREATE(?: UNIQUE)? INDEX [%v]?[\w\d-]+[%v]?(?s:.*?)ON (.*)$`, sqliteSeparator, sqliteSeparator))
+	tableRegexp        = regexp.MustCompile(fmt.Sprintf(`(?is)(CREATE TABLE [%v]?[\w\d-]+[%v]?)(?:\s*\((.*)\))?`, sqliteSeparator, sqliteSeparator))
+	separatorRegexp    = regexp.MustCompile(fmt.Sprintf("[%v]", sqliteSeparator))
+	columnsRegexp      = regexp.MustCompile(fmt.Sprintf(`[(,][%v]?(\w+)[%v]?`, sqliteSeparator, sqliteSeparator))
+	columnRegexp       = regexp.MustCompile(fmt.Sprintf(`^[%v]?([\w\d]+)[%v]?\s+([\w\(\)\d]+)(.*)$`, sqliteSeparator, sqliteSeparator))
+	defaultValueRegexp = regexp.MustCompile(`(?i) DEFAULT \(?(.+)?\)?( |COLLATE|GENERATED|$)`)
+	regRealDataType    = regexp.MustCompile(`[^\d](\d+)[^\d]?`)
+)
+
+func getAllColumns(s string) []string {
+	allMatches := columnsRegexp.FindAllStringSubmatch(s, -1)
+	columns := make([]string, 0, len(allMatches))
+	for _, matches := range allMatches {
+		if len(matches) > 1 {
+			columns = append(columns, matches[1])
+		}
+	}
+	return columns
+}
+
+type ddl struct {
+	head    string
+	fields  []string
+	columns []migrator.ColumnType
+}
+
+func parseDDL(strs ...string) (*ddl, error) {
+	var result ddl
+	for _, str := range strs {
+		if sections := tableRegexp.FindStringSubmatch(str); len(sections) > 0 {
+			var (
+				ddlBody      = sections[2]
+				ddlBodyRunes = []rune(ddlBody)
+				bracketLevel int
+				quote        rune
+				buf          string
+			)
+			ddlBodyRunesLen := len(ddlBodyRunes)
+
+			result.head = sections[1]
+
+			for idx := 0; idx < ddlBodyRunesLen; idx++ {
+				var (
+					next rune = 0
+					c         = ddlBodyRunes[idx]
+				)
+				if idx+1 < ddlBodyRunesLen {
+					next = ddlBodyRunes[idx+1]
+				}
+
+				if sc := string(c); separatorRegexp.MatchString(sc) {
+					if c == next {
+						buf += sc // Skip escaped quote
+						idx++
+					} else if quote > 0 {
+						quote = 0
+					} else {
+						quote = c
+					}
+				} else if quote == 0 {
+					if c == '(' {
+						bracketLevel++
+					} else if c == ')' {
+						bracketLevel--
+					} else if bracketLevel == 0 {
+						if c == ',' {
+							result.fields = append(result.fields, strings.TrimSpace(buf))
+							buf = ""
+							continue
+						}
+					}
+				}
+
+				if bracketLevel < 0 {
+					return nil, errors.New("invalid DDL, unbalanced brackets")
+				}
+
+				buf += string(c)
+			}
+
+			if bracketLevel != 0 {
+				return nil, errors.New("invalid DDL, unbalanced brackets")
+			}
+
+			if buf != "" {
+				result.fields = append(result.fields, strings.TrimSpace(buf))
+			}
+
+			for _, f := range result.fields {
+				fUpper := strings.ToUpper(f)
+				if strings.HasPrefix(fUpper, "CHECK") {
+					continue
+				}
+				if strings.HasPrefix(fUpper, "CONSTRAINT") {
+					matches := uniqueRegexp.FindStringSubmatch(f)
+					if len(matches) > 0 {
+						if columns := getAllColumns(matches[1]); len(columns) == 1 {
+							for idx, column := range result.columns {
+								if column.NameValue.String == columns[0] {
+									column.UniqueValue = sql.NullBool{Bool: true, Valid: true}
+									result.columns[idx] = column
+									break
+								}
+							}
+						}
+					}
+					continue
+				}
+				if strings.HasPrefix(fUpper, "PRIMARY KEY") {
+					for _, name := range getAllColumns(f) {
+						for idx, column := range result.columns {
+							if column.NameValue.String == name {
+								column.PrimaryKeyValue = sql.NullBool{Bool: true, Valid: true}
+								result.columns[idx] = column
+								break
+							}
+						}
+					}
+				} else if matches := columnRegexp.FindStringSubmatch(f); len(matches) > 0 {
+					columnType := migrator.ColumnType{
+						NameValue:         sql.NullString{String: matches[1], Valid: true},
+						DataTypeValue:     sql.NullString{String: matches[2], Valid: true},
+						ColumnTypeValue:   sql.NullString{String: matches[2], Valid: true},
+						PrimaryKeyValue:   sql.NullBool{Valid: true},
+						UniqueValue:       sql.NullBool{Valid: true},
+						NullableValue:     sql.NullBool{Bool: true, Valid: true},
+						DefaultValueValue: sql.NullString{Valid: false},
+					}
+
+					matchUpper := strings.ToUpper(matches[3])
+					if strings.Contains(matchUpper, " NOT NULL") {
+						columnType.NullableValue = sql.NullBool{Bool: false, Valid: true}
+					} else if strings.Contains(matchUpper, " NULL") {
+						columnType.NullableValue = sql.NullBool{Bool: true, Valid: true}
+					}
+					if strings.Contains(matchUpper, " UNIQUE") {
+						columnType.UniqueValue = sql.NullBool{Bool: true, Valid: true}
+					}
+					if strings.Contains(matchUpper, " PRIMARY") {
+						columnType.PrimaryKeyValue = sql.NullBool{Bool: true, Valid: true}
+					}
+					if defaultMatches := defaultValueRegexp.FindStringSubmatch(matches[3]); len(defaultMatches) > 1 {
+						if strings.ToLower(defaultMatches[1]) != "null" {
+							columnType.DefaultValueValue = sql.NullString{String: strings.Trim(defaultMatches[1], `"`), Valid: true}
+						}
+					}
+
+					// data type length
+					matches := regRealDataType.FindAllStringSubmatch(columnType.DataTypeValue.String, -1)
+					if len(matches) == 1 && len(matches[0]) == 2 {
+						size, _ := strconv.Atoi(matches[0][1])
+						columnType.LengthValue = sql.NullInt64{Valid: true, Int64: int64(size)}
+						columnType.DataTypeValue.String = strings.TrimSuffix(columnType.DataTypeValue.String, matches[0][0])
+					}
+
+					result.columns = append(result.columns, columnType)
+				}
+			}
+		} else if matches := indexRegexp.FindStringSubmatch(str); len(matches) > 0 {
+			// don't report Unique by UniqueIndex
+		} else {
+			return nil, errors.New("invalid DDL")
+		}
+	}
+
+	return &result, nil
+}
+
+func (d *ddl) clone() *ddl {
+	copied := new(ddl)
+	*copied = *d
+
+	copied.fields = make([]string, len(d.fields))
+	copy(copied.fields, d.fields)
+	copied.columns = make([]migrator.ColumnType, len(d.columns))
+	copy(copied.columns, d.columns)
+
+	return copied
+}
+
+func (d *ddl) compile() string {
+	if len(d.fields) == 0 {
+		return d.head
+	}
+
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s (%s)", d.head, strings.Join(d.fields, ","))
+}
+
+func (d *ddl) renameTable(dst, src string) error {
+	tableReg, err := regexp.Compile("\\s*('|`|\")?\\b" + regexp.QuoteMeta(src) + "\\b('|`|\")?\\s*")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	replaced := tableReg.ReplaceAllString(d.head, fmt.Sprintf(" `%s` ", dst))
+	if replaced == d.head {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to look up tablename `%s` from DDL head '%s'", src, d.head)
+	}
+
+	d.head = replaced
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (d *ddl) addConstraint(name string, sql string) {
+	reg := regexp.MustCompile("^CONSTRAINT [\"`]?" + regexp.QuoteMeta(name) + "[\"` ]")
+
+	for i := 0; i < len(d.fields); i++ {
+		if reg.MatchString(d.fields[i]) {
+			d.fields[i] = sql
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	d.fields = append(d.fields, sql)
+}
+
+func (d *ddl) removeConstraint(name string) bool {
+	reg := regexp.MustCompile("^CONSTRAINT [\"`]?" + regexp.QuoteMeta(name) + "[\"` ]")
+
+	for i := 0; i < len(d.fields); i++ {
+		if reg.MatchString(d.fields[i]) {
+			d.fields = append(d.fields[:i], d.fields[i+1:]...)
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+//lint:ignore U1000 ignore unused code.
+func (d *ddl) hasConstraint(name string) bool {
+	reg := regexp.MustCompile("^CONSTRAINT [\"`]?" + regexp.QuoteMeta(name) + "[\"` ]")
+
+	for _, f := range d.fields {
+		if reg.MatchString(f) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func (d *ddl) getColumns() []string {
+	res := []string{}
+
+	for _, f := range d.fields {
+		fUpper := strings.ToUpper(f)
+		if strings.HasPrefix(fUpper, "PRIMARY KEY") ||
+			strings.HasPrefix(fUpper, "CHECK") ||
+			strings.HasPrefix(fUpper, "CONSTRAINT") ||
+			strings.Contains(fUpper, "GENERATED ALWAYS AS") {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		reg := regexp.MustCompile("^[\"`']?([\\w\\d]+)[\"`']?")
+		match := reg.FindStringSubmatch(f)
+
+		if match != nil {
+			res = append(res, "`"+match[1]+"`")
+		}
+	}
+	return res
+}
+
+func (d *ddl) removeColumn(name string) bool {
+	reg := regexp.MustCompile("^(`|'|\"| )" + regexp.QuoteMeta(name) + "(`|'|\"| ) .*?$")
+
+	for i := 0; i < len(d.fields); i++ {
+		if reg.MatchString(d.fields[i]) {
+			d.fields = append(d.fields[:i], d.fields[i+1:]...)
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+
+	return false
+}

gormlite/ddlmod_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,397 @@
+package gormlite
+
+import (
+	"database/sql"
+	"testing"
+
+	"gorm.io/gorm/migrator"
+	"gorm.io/gorm/utils/tests"
+)
+
+func TestParseDDL(t *testing.T) {
+	params := []struct {
+		name    string
+		sql     []string
+		nFields int
+		columns []migrator.ColumnType
+	}{
+		{"with_fk", []string{
+			"CREATE TABLE `notes` (" +
+				"`id` integer NOT NULL,`text` varchar(500) DEFAULT \"hello\",`age` integer DEFAULT 18,`user_id` integer,PRIMARY KEY (`id`),CONSTRAINT `fk_users_notes` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users`(`id`))",
+			"CREATE UNIQUE INDEX `idx_profiles_refer` ON `profiles`(`text`)",
+		}, 6, []migrator.ColumnType{
+			{NameValue: sql.NullString{String: "id", Valid: true}, DataTypeValue: sql.NullString{String: "integer", Valid: true}, ColumnTypeValue: sql.NullString{String: "integer", Valid: true}, PrimaryKeyValue: sql.NullBool{Bool: true, Valid: true}, NullableValue: sql.NullBool{Valid: true}, UniqueValue: sql.NullBool{Valid: true}, DefaultValueValue: sql.NullString{Valid: false}},
+			{NameValue: sql.NullString{String: "text", Valid: true}, DataTypeValue: sql.NullString{String: "varchar", Valid: true}, LengthValue: sql.NullInt64{Int64: 500, Valid: true}, ColumnTypeValue: sql.NullString{String: "varchar(500)", Valid: true}, DefaultValueValue: sql.NullString{String: "hello", Valid: true}, NullableValue: sql.NullBool{Bool: true, Valid: true}, UniqueValue: sql.NullBool{Bool: false, Valid: true}, PrimaryKeyValue: sql.NullBool{Valid: true}},
+			{NameValue: sql.NullString{String: "age", Valid: true}, DataTypeValue: sql.NullString{String: "integer", Valid: true}, ColumnTypeValue: sql.NullString{String: "integer", Valid: true}, DefaultValueValue: sql.NullString{String: "18", Valid: true}, NullableValue: sql.NullBool{Bool: true, Valid: true}, UniqueValue: sql.NullBool{Valid: true}, PrimaryKeyValue: sql.NullBool{Valid: true}},
+			{NameValue: sql.NullString{String: "user_id", Valid: true}, DataTypeValue: sql.NullString{String: "integer", Valid: true}, ColumnTypeValue: sql.NullString{String: "integer", Valid: true}, DefaultValueValue: sql.NullString{Valid: false}, NullableValue: sql.NullBool{Bool: true, Valid: true}, UniqueValue: sql.NullBool{Valid: true}, PrimaryKeyValue: sql.NullBool{Valid: true}},
+		},
+		},
+		{"with_check", []string{"CREATE TABLE Persons (ID int NOT NULL,LastName varchar(255) NOT NULL,FirstName varchar(255),Age int,CHECK (Age>=18),CHECK (FirstName<>'John'))"}, 6, []migrator.ColumnType{
+			{NameValue: sql.NullString{String: "ID", Valid: true}, DataTypeValue: sql.NullString{String: "int", Valid: true}, ColumnTypeValue: sql.NullString{String: "int", Valid: true}, NullableValue: sql.NullBool{Valid: true}, DefaultValueValue: sql.NullString{Valid: false}, UniqueValue: sql.NullBool{Valid: true}, PrimaryKeyValue: sql.NullBool{Valid: true}},
+			{NameValue: sql.NullString{String: "LastName", Valid: true}, DataTypeValue: sql.NullString{String: "varchar", Valid: true}, LengthValue: sql.NullInt64{Int64: 255, Valid: true}, ColumnTypeValue: sql.NullString{String: "varchar(255)", Valid: true}, NullableValue: sql.NullBool{Bool: false, Valid: true}, DefaultValueValue: sql.NullString{Valid: false}, UniqueValue: sql.NullBool{Valid: true}, PrimaryKeyValue: sql.NullBool{Valid: true}},
+			{NameValue: sql.NullString{String: "FirstName", Valid: true}, DataTypeValue: sql.NullString{String: "varchar", Valid: true}, LengthValue: sql.NullInt64{Int64: 255, Valid: true}, ColumnTypeValue: sql.NullString{String: "varchar(255)", Valid: true}, DefaultValueValue: sql.NullString{Valid: false}, NullableValue: sql.NullBool{Bool: true, Valid: true}, UniqueValue: sql.NullBool{Valid: true}, PrimaryKeyValue: sql.NullBool{Valid: true}},
+			{NameValue: sql.NullString{String: "Age", Valid: true}, DataTypeValue: sql.NullString{String: "int", Valid: true}, ColumnTypeValue: sql.NullString{String: "int", Valid: true}, DefaultValueValue: sql.NullString{Valid: false}, NullableValue: sql.NullBool{Bool: true, Valid: true}, UniqueValue: sql.NullBool{Valid: true}, PrimaryKeyValue: sql.NullBool{Valid: true}},
+		}},
+		{"lowercase", []string{"create table test (ID int NOT NULL)"}, 1, []migrator.ColumnType{
+			{NameValue: sql.NullString{String: "ID", Valid: true}, DataTypeValue: sql.NullString{String: "int", Valid: true}, ColumnTypeValue: sql.NullString{String: "int", Valid: true}, NullableValue: sql.NullBool{Bool: false, Valid: true}, DefaultValueValue: sql.NullString{Valid: false}, UniqueValue: sql.NullBool{Valid: true}, PrimaryKeyValue: sql.NullBool{Valid: true}},
+		},
+		},
+		{"no brackets", []string{"create table test"}, 0, nil},
+		{"with_special_characters", []string{
+			"CREATE TABLE `test` (`text` varchar(10) DEFAULT \"测试, \")",
+		}, 1, []migrator.ColumnType{
+			{NameValue: sql.NullString{String: "text", Valid: true}, DataTypeValue: sql.NullString{String: "varchar", Valid: true}, LengthValue: sql.NullInt64{Int64: 10, Valid: true}, ColumnTypeValue: sql.NullString{String: "varchar(10)", Valid: true}, DefaultValueValue: sql.NullString{String: "测试, ", Valid: true}, NullableValue: sql.NullBool{Bool: true, Valid: true}, UniqueValue: sql.NullBool{Valid: true}, PrimaryKeyValue: sql.NullBool{Valid: true}},
+		},
+		},
+		{
+			"table_name_with_dash",
+			[]string{
+				"CREATE TABLE `test-a` (`id` int NOT NULL)",
+				"CREATE UNIQUE INDEX `idx_test-a_id` ON `test-a`(`id`)",
+			},
+			1,
+			[]migrator.ColumnType{
+				{
+					NameValue:         sql.NullString{String: "id", Valid: true},
+					DataTypeValue:     sql.NullString{String: "int", Valid: true},
+					ColumnTypeValue:   sql.NullString{String: "int", Valid: true},
+					NullableValue:     sql.NullBool{Bool: false, Valid: true},
+					DefaultValueValue: sql.NullString{Valid: false},
+					UniqueValue:       sql.NullBool{Bool: false, Valid: true},
+					PrimaryKeyValue:   sql.NullBool{Valid: true},
+				},
+			},
+		}, {
+			"unique index",
+			[]string{
+				"CREATE TABLE `test-b` (`field` integer NOT NULL)",
+				"CREATE UNIQUE INDEX `idx_uq` ON `test-b`(`field`) WHERE field = 0",
+			},
+			1,
+			[]migrator.ColumnType{{
+				NameValue:       sql.NullString{String: "field", Valid: true},
+				DataTypeValue:   sql.NullString{String: "integer", Valid: true},
+				ColumnTypeValue: sql.NullString{String: "integer", Valid: true},
+				PrimaryKeyValue: sql.NullBool{Bool: false, Valid: true},
+				UniqueValue:     sql.NullBool{Bool: false, Valid: true},
+				NullableValue:   sql.NullBool{Bool: false, Valid: true},
+			}},
+		}, {
+			"normal index",
+			[]string{
+				"CREATE TABLE `test-c` (`field` integer NOT NULL)",
+				"CREATE INDEX `idx_uq` ON `test-c`(`field`)",
+			},
+			1,
+			[]migrator.ColumnType{{
+				NameValue:       sql.NullString{String: "field", Valid: true},
+				DataTypeValue:   sql.NullString{String: "integer", Valid: true},
+				ColumnTypeValue: sql.NullString{String: "integer", Valid: true},
+				PrimaryKeyValue: sql.NullBool{Bool: false, Valid: true},
+				UniqueValue:     sql.NullBool{Bool: false, Valid: true},
+				NullableValue:   sql.NullBool{Bool: false, Valid: true},
+			}},
+		}, {
+			"unique constraint",
+			[]string{
+				"CREATE TABLE `unique_struct` (`name` text,CONSTRAINT `uni_unique_struct_name` UNIQUE (`name`))",
+			},
+			2,
+			[]migrator.ColumnType{{
+				NameValue:       sql.NullString{String: "name", Valid: true},
+				DataTypeValue:   sql.NullString{String: "text", Valid: true},
+				ColumnTypeValue: sql.NullString{String: "text", Valid: true},
+				PrimaryKeyValue: sql.NullBool{Bool: false, Valid: true},
+				UniqueValue:     sql.NullBool{Bool: true, Valid: true},
+				NullableValue:   sql.NullBool{Bool: true, Valid: true},
+			}},
+		},
+		{
+			"non-unique index",
+			[]string{
+				"CREATE TABLE `test-c` (`field` integer NOT NULL)",
+				"CREATE INDEX `idx_uq` ON `test-b`(`field`) WHERE field = 0",
+			},
+			1,
+			[]migrator.ColumnType{
+				{
+					NameValue:       sql.NullString{String: "field", Valid: true},
+					DataTypeValue:   sql.NullString{String: "integer", Valid: true},
+					ColumnTypeValue: sql.NullString{String: "integer", Valid: true},
+					PrimaryKeyValue: sql.NullBool{Bool: false, Valid: true},
+					UniqueValue:     sql.NullBool{Bool: false, Valid: true},
+					NullableValue:   sql.NullBool{Bool: false, Valid: true},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			"index with \n from .schema sqlite",
+			[]string{
+				"CREATE TABLE `test-d` (`field` integer NOT NULL)",
+				"CREATE INDEX `idx_uq`\n    ON `test-b`(`field`) WHERE field = 0",
+			},
+			1,
+			[]migrator.ColumnType{
+				{
+					NameValue:       sql.NullString{String: "field", Valid: true},
+					DataTypeValue:   sql.NullString{String: "integer", Valid: true},
+					ColumnTypeValue: sql.NullString{String: "integer", Valid: true},
+					PrimaryKeyValue: sql.NullBool{Bool: false, Valid: true},
+					UniqueValue:     sql.NullBool{Bool: false, Valid: true},
+					NullableValue:   sql.NullBool{Bool: false, Valid: true},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, p := range params {
+		t.Run(p.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			ddl, err := parseDDL(p.sql...)
+
+			if err != nil {
+				panic(err.Error())
+			}
+
+			tests.AssertEqual(t, p.sql[0], ddl.compile())
+			if len(ddl.fields) != p.nFields {
+				t.Fatalf("fields length doesn't match: expect: %v, got %v", p.nFields, len(ddl.fields))
+			}
+			tests.AssertEqual(t, ddl.columns, p.columns)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestParseDDL_Whitespaces(t *testing.T) {
+	testColumns := []migrator.ColumnType{
+		{
+			NameValue:         sql.NullString{String: "id", Valid: true},
+			DataTypeValue:     sql.NullString{String: "integer", Valid: true},
+			ColumnTypeValue:   sql.NullString{String: "integer", Valid: true},
+			NullableValue:     sql.NullBool{Bool: true, Valid: true},
+			DefaultValueValue: sql.NullString{Valid: false},
+			UniqueValue:       sql.NullBool{Bool: true, Valid: true},
+			PrimaryKeyValue:   sql.NullBool{Bool: true, Valid: true},
+		},
+		{
+			NameValue:         sql.NullString{String: "dark_mode", Valid: true},
+			DataTypeValue:     sql.NullString{String: "numeric", Valid: true},
+			ColumnTypeValue:   sql.NullString{String: "numeric", Valid: true},
+			NullableValue:     sql.NullBool{Bool: true, Valid: true},
+			DefaultValueValue: sql.NullString{String: "true", Valid: true},
+			UniqueValue:       sql.NullBool{Bool: false, Valid: true},
+			PrimaryKeyValue:   sql.NullBool{Bool: false, Valid: true},
+		},
+	}
+
+	params := []struct {
+		name    string
+		sql     []string
+		nFields int
+		columns []migrator.ColumnType
+	}{
+		{
+			"with_newline",
+			[]string{"CREATE TABLE `users`\n(\nid integer primary key unique,\ndark_mode numeric DEFAULT true)"},
+			2,
+			testColumns,
+		},
+		{
+			"with_newline_2",
+			[]string{"CREATE TABLE `users` (\n\nid integer primary key unique,\ndark_mode numeric DEFAULT true)"},
+			2,
+			testColumns,
+		},
+		{
+			"with_missing_space",
+			[]string{"CREATE TABLE `users`(id integer primary key unique, dark_mode numeric DEFAULT true)"},
+			2,
+			testColumns,
+		},
+		{
+			"with_many_spaces",
+			[]string{"CREATE TABLE `users`       (id    integer   primary key unique,     dark_mode    numeric DEFAULT true)"},
+			2,
+			testColumns,
+		},
+	}
+	for _, p := range params {
+		t.Run(p.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			ddl, err := parseDDL(p.sql...)
+
+			if err != nil {
+				panic(err.Error())
+			}
+
+			if len(ddl.fields) != p.nFields {
+				t.Fatalf("fields length doesn't match: expect: %v, got %v", p.nFields, len(ddl.fields))
+			}
+			tests.AssertEqual(t, ddl.columns, p.columns)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestParseDDL_error(t *testing.T) {
+	params := []struct {
+		name string
+		sql  string
+	}{
+		{"invalid_cmd", "CREATE TABLE"},
+		{"unbalanced_brackets", "CREATE TABLE test (ID int NOT NULL,Name varchar(255)"},
+		{"unbalanced_brackets2", "CREATE TABLE test (ID int NOT NULL,Name varchar(255)))"},
+	}
+
+	for _, p := range params {
+		t.Run(p.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			_, err := parseDDL(p.sql)
+			if err == nil {
+				t.Fail()
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAddConstraint(t *testing.T) {
+	params := []struct {
+		name   string
+		fields []string
+		cName  string
+		sql    string
+		expect []string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:   "add_new",
+			fields: []string{"`id` integer NOT NULL"},
+			cName:  "fk_users_notes",
+			sql:    "CONSTRAINT `fk_users_notes` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users`(`id`))",
+			expect: []string{"`id` integer NOT NULL", "CONSTRAINT `fk_users_notes` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users`(`id`))"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:   "update",
+			fields: []string{"`id` integer NOT NULL", "CONSTRAINT `fk_users_notes` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users`(`id`))"},
+			cName:  "fk_users_notes",
+			sql:    "CONSTRAINT `fk_users_notes` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users`(`id`)) ON UPDATE CASCADE ON DELETE CASCADE",
+			expect: []string{"`id` integer NOT NULL", "CONSTRAINT `fk_users_notes` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users`(`id`)) ON UPDATE CASCADE ON DELETE CASCADE"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:   "add_check",
+			fields: []string{"`id` integer NOT NULL"},
+			cName:  "name_checker",
+			sql:    "CONSTRAINT `name_checker` CHECK (`name` <> 'jinzhu')",
+			expect: []string{"`id` integer NOT NULL", "CONSTRAINT `name_checker` CHECK (`name` <> 'jinzhu')"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:   "update_check",
+			fields: []string{"`id` integer NOT NULL", "CONSTRAINT `name_checker` CHECK (`name` <> 'thetadev')"},
+			cName:  "name_checker",
+			sql:    "CONSTRAINT `name_checker` CHECK (`name` <> 'jinzhu')",
+			expect: []string{"`id` integer NOT NULL", "CONSTRAINT `name_checker` CHECK (`name` <> 'jinzhu')"},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, p := range params {
+		t.Run(p.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			testDDL := ddl{fields: p.fields}
+
+			testDDL.addConstraint(p.cName, p.sql)
+			tests.AssertEqual(t, p.expect, testDDL.fields)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRemoveConstraint(t *testing.T) {
+	params := []struct {
+		name    string
+		fields  []string
+		cName   string
+		success bool
+		expect  []string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:    "fk",
+			fields:  []string{"`id` integer NOT NULL", "CONSTRAINT `fk_users_notes` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users`(`id`))"},
+			cName:   "fk_users_notes",
+			success: true,
+			expect:  []string{"`id` integer NOT NULL"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "check",
+			fields:  []string{"CONSTRAINT `name_checker` CHECK (`name` <> 'thetadev')", "`id` integer NOT NULL"},
+			cName:   "name_checker",
+			success: true,
+			expect:  []string{"`id` integer NOT NULL"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "none",
+			fields:  []string{"CONSTRAINT `name_checker` CHECK (`name` <> 'thetadev')", "`id` integer NOT NULL"},
+			cName:   "nothing",
+			success: false,
+			expect:  []string{"CONSTRAINT `name_checker` CHECK (`name` <> 'thetadev')", "`id` integer NOT NULL"},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, p := range params {
+		t.Run(p.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			testDDL := ddl{fields: p.fields}
+
+			success := testDDL.removeConstraint(p.cName)
+
+			tests.AssertEqual(t, p.success, success)
+			tests.AssertEqual(t, p.expect, testDDL.fields)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetColumns(t *testing.T) {
+	params := []struct {
+		name    string
+		ddl     string
+		columns []string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:    "with_fk",
+			ddl:     "CREATE TABLE `notes` (`id` integer NOT NULL,`text` varchar(500),`user_id` integer,PRIMARY KEY (`id`),CONSTRAINT `fk_users_notes` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users`(`id`))",
+			columns: []string{"`id`", "`text`", "`user_id`"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "with_check",
+			ddl:     "CREATE TABLE Persons (ID int NOT NULL,LastName varchar(255) NOT NULL,FirstName varchar(255),Age int,CHECK (Age>=18),CHECK (FirstName!='John'))",
+			columns: []string{"`ID`", "`LastName`", "`FirstName`", "`Age`"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "with_escaped_quote",
+			ddl:     "CREATE TABLE Persons (ID int NOT NULL,LastName varchar(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT \"\",FirstName varchar(255))",
+			columns: []string{"`ID`", "`LastName`", "`FirstName`"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "with_generated_column",
+			ddl:     "CREATE TABLE Persons (ID int NOT NULL,LastName varchar(255) NOT NULL,FirstName varchar(255),FullName varchar(255) GENERATED ALWAYS AS (FirstName || ' ' || LastName))",
+			columns: []string{"`ID`", "`LastName`", "`FirstName`"},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "with_new_line",
+			ddl: `CREATE TABLE "tb_sys_role_menu__temp" (
+  "id" integer  PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+  "created_at" datetime NOT NULL,
+  "updated_at" datetime NOT NULL,
+  "created_by" integer NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+  "updated_by" integer NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+  "role_id" integer NOT NULL,
+  "menu_id" bigint NOT NULL
+)`,
+			columns: []string{"`id`", "`created_at`", "`updated_at`", "`created_by`", "`updated_by`", "`role_id`", "`menu_id`"},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, p := range params {
+		t.Run(p.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			testDDL, err := parseDDL(p.ddl)
+			if err != nil {
+				panic(err.Error())
+			}
+
+			cols := testDDL.getColumns()
+
+			tests.AssertEqual(t, p.columns, cols)
+		})
+	}
+}

gormlite/download.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -euo pipefail
+
+cd -P -- "$(dirname -- "$0")"
+
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.5.5/ddlmod.go"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.5.5/ddlmod_test.go"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.5.5/error_translator.go"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.5.5/migrator.go"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.5.5/sqlite.go"
+curl -#OL "https://github.com/go-gorm/sqlite/raw/v1.5.5/sqlite_test.go"

gormlite/error_translator.go

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+package gormlite
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+)
+
+func (_Dialector) Translate(err error) error {
+	switch {
+	case
+		errors.Is(err, sqlite3.CONSTRAINT_UNIQUE),
+		errors.Is(err, sqlite3.CONSTRAINT_PRIMARYKEY):
+		return gorm.ErrDuplicatedKey
+	case
+		errors.Is(err, sqlite3.CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY):
+		return gorm.ErrForeignKeyViolated
+	}
+	return err
+}

gormlite/go.mod

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+module github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/gormlite
+
+go 1.21
+
+require (
+	github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3 v0.13.0
+	gorm.io/gorm v1.25.7
+)
+
+require (
+	github.com/jinzhu/inflection v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/jinzhu/now v1.1.5 // indirect
+	github.com/ncruces/julianday v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.7.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.18.0 // indirect
+)

gormlite/go.sum

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+github.com/jinzhu/inflection v1.0.0 h1:K317FqzuhWc8YvSVlFMCCUb36O/S9MCKRDI7QkRKD/E=
+github.com/jinzhu/inflection v1.0.0/go.mod h1:h+uFLlag+Qp1Va5pdKtLDYj+kHp5pxUVkryuEj+Srlc=
+github.com/jinzhu/now v1.1.5 h1:/o9tlHleP7gOFmsnYNz3RGnqzefHA47wQpKrrdTIwXQ=
+github.com/jinzhu/now v1.1.5/go.mod h1:d3SSVoowX0Lcu0IBviAWJpolVfI5UJVZZ7cO71lE/z8=
+github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3 v0.13.0 h1:+N1VHVLnrCJasyXdAKQL9MNTKC3wHZa8pLMUuP8wb3k=
+github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3 v0.13.0/go.mod h1:y9zPUI+C42V9xuuJeN+tGhpOjr4gUHz2Pi2RLFVEdZg=
+github.com/ncruces/julianday v1.0.0 h1:fH0OKwa7NWvniGQtxdJRxAgkBMolni2BjDHaWTxqt7M=
+github.com/ncruces/julianday v1.0.0/go.mod h1:Dusn2KvZrrovOMJuOt0TNXL6tB7U2E8kvza5fFc9G7g=
+github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.7.0 h1:jg5qPydno59wqjpGrHph81lbtHzTrWzwwtD4cD88+hQ=
+github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.7.0/go.mod h1:ytl6Zuh20R/eROuyDaGPkp82O9C/DJfXAwJfQ3X6/7Y=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.18.0 h1:DBdB3niSjOA/O0blCZBqDefyWNYveAYMNF1Wum0DYQ4=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.18.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
+golang.org/x/text v0.14.0 h1:ScX5w1eTa3QqT8oi6+ziP7dTV1S2+ALU0bI+0zXKWiQ=
+golang.org/x/text v0.14.0/go.mod h1:18ZOQIKpY8NJVqYksKHtTdi31H5itFRjB5/qKTNYzSU=
+gorm.io/gorm v1.25.7 h1:VsD6acwRjz2zFxGO50gPO6AkNs7KKnvfzUjHQhZDz/A=
+gorm.io/gorm v1.25.7/go.mod h1:hbnx/Oo0ChWMn1BIhpy1oYozzpM15i4YPuHDmfYtwg8=

gormlite/migrator.go

@@ -0,0 +1,430 @@
+package gormlite
+
+import (
+	"database/sql"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+	"gorm.io/gorm/clause"
+	"gorm.io/gorm/migrator"
+	"gorm.io/gorm/schema"
+)
+
+type _Migrator struct {
+	migrator.Migrator
+}
+
+func (m *_Migrator) RunWithoutForeignKey(fc func() error) error {
+	var enabled int
+	m.DB.Raw("PRAGMA foreign_keys").Scan(&enabled)
+	if enabled == 1 {
+		m.DB.Exec("PRAGMA foreign_keys = OFF")
+		defer m.DB.Exec("PRAGMA foreign_keys = ON")
+	}
+
+	return fc()
+}
+
+func (m _Migrator) HasTable(value interface{}) bool {
+	var count int
+	m.Migrator.RunWithValue(value, func(stmt *gorm.Statement) error {
+		return m.DB.Raw("SELECT count(*) FROM sqlite_master WHERE type='table' AND name=?", stmt.Table).Row().Scan(&count)
+	})
+	return count > 0
+}
+
+func (m _Migrator) DropTable(values ...interface{}) error {
+	return m.RunWithoutForeignKey(func() error {
+		values = m.ReorderModels(values, false)
+		tx := m.DB.Session(&gorm.Session{})
+
+		for i := len(values) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
+			if err := m.RunWithValue(values[i], func(stmt *gorm.Statement) error {
+				return tx.Exec("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS ?", clause.Table{Name: stmt.Table}).Error
+			}); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	})
+}
+
+func (m _Migrator) GetTables() (tableList []string, err error) {
+	return tableList, m.DB.Raw("SELECT name FROM sqlite_master where type=?", "table").Scan(&tableList).Error
+}
+
+func (m _Migrator) HasColumn(value interface{}, name string) bool {
+	var count int
+	m.Migrator.RunWithValue(value, func(stmt *gorm.Statement) error {
+		if stmt.Schema != nil {
+			if field := stmt.Schema.LookUpField(name); field != nil {
+				name = field.DBName
+			}
+		}
+
+		if name != "" {
+			m.DB.Raw(
+				"SELECT count(*) FROM sqlite_master WHERE type = ? AND tbl_name = ? AND (sql LIKE ? OR sql LIKE ? OR sql LIKE ? OR sql LIKE ? OR sql LIKE ?)",
+				"table", stmt.Table, `%"`+name+`" %`, `%`+name+` %`, "%`"+name+"`%", "%["+name+"]%", "%\t"+name+"\t%",
+			).Row().Scan(&count)
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
+	return count > 0
+}
+
+func (m _Migrator) AlterColumn(value interface{}, name string) error {
+	return m.RunWithoutForeignKey(func() error {
+		return m.recreateTable(value, nil, func(ddl *ddl, stmt *gorm.Statement) (*ddl, []interface{}, error) {
+			if field := stmt.Schema.LookUpField(name); field != nil {
+				var sqlArgs []interface{}
+				for i, f := range ddl.fields {
+					if matches := columnRegexp.FindStringSubmatch(f); len(matches) > 1 && matches[1] == field.DBName {
+						ddl.fields[i] = fmt.Sprintf("`%v` ?", field.DBName)
+						sqlArgs = []interface{}{m.FullDataTypeOf(field)}
+						// table created by old version might look like `CREATE TABLE ? (? varchar(10) UNIQUE)`.
+						// FullDataTypeOf doesn't contain UNIQUE, so we need to add unique constraint.
+						if strings.Contains(strings.ToUpper(matches[3]), " UNIQUE") {
+							uniName := m.DB.NamingStrategy.UniqueName(stmt.Table, field.DBName)
+							uni, _ := m.GuessConstraintInterfaceAndTable(stmt, uniName)
+							if uni != nil {
+								uniSQL, uniArgs := uni.Build()
+								ddl.addConstraint(uniName, uniSQL)
+								sqlArgs = append(sqlArgs, uniArgs...)
+							}
+						}
+						break
+					}
+				}
+				return ddl, sqlArgs, nil
+			}
+			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to alter field with name %v", name)
+		})
+	})
+}
+
+// ColumnTypes return columnTypes []gorm.ColumnType and execErr error
+func (m _Migrator) ColumnTypes(value interface{}) ([]gorm.ColumnType, error) {
+	columnTypes := make([]gorm.ColumnType, 0)
+	execErr := m.RunWithValue(value, func(stmt *gorm.Statement) (err error) {
+		var (
+			sqls   []string
+			sqlDDL *ddl
+		)
+
+		if err := m.DB.Raw("SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master WHERE type IN ? AND tbl_name = ? AND sql IS NOT NULL order by type = ? desc", []string{"table", "index"}, stmt.Table, "table").Scan(&sqls).Error; err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		if sqlDDL, err = parseDDL(sqls...); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		rows, err := m.DB.Session(&gorm.Session{}).Table(stmt.Table).Limit(1).Rows()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		defer func() {
+			err = rows.Close()
+		}()
+
+		var rawColumnTypes []*sql.ColumnType
+		rawColumnTypes, err = rows.ColumnTypes()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		for _, c := range rawColumnTypes {
+			columnType := migrator.ColumnType{SQLColumnType: c}
+			for _, column := range sqlDDL.columns {
+				if column.NameValue.String == c.Name() {
+					column.SQLColumnType = c
+					columnType = column
+					break
+				}
+			}
+			columnTypes = append(columnTypes, columnType)
+		}
+
+		return err
+	})
+
+	return columnTypes, execErr
+}
+
+func (m _Migrator) DropColumn(value interface{}, name string) error {
+	return m.recreateTable(value, nil, func(ddl *ddl, stmt *gorm.Statement) (*ddl, []interface{}, error) {
+		if field := stmt.Schema.LookUpField(name); field != nil {
+			name = field.DBName
+		}
+
+		ddl.removeColumn(name)
+		return ddl, nil, nil
+	})
+}
+
+func (m _Migrator) CreateConstraint(value interface{}, name string) error {
+	return m.RunWithValue(value, func(stmt *gorm.Statement) error {
+		constraint, table := m.GuessConstraintInterfaceAndTable(stmt, name)
+
+		return m.recreateTable(value, &table,
+			func(ddl *ddl, stmt *gorm.Statement) (*ddl, []interface{}, error) {
+				var (
+					constraintName   string
+					constraintSql    string
+					constraintValues []interface{}
+				)
+
+				if constraint != nil {
+					constraintName = constraint.GetName()
+					constraintSql, constraintValues = constraint.Build()
+				} else {
+					return nil, nil, nil
+				}
+
+				ddl.addConstraint(constraintName, constraintSql)
+				return ddl, constraintValues, nil
+			})
+	})
+}
+
+func (m _Migrator) DropConstraint(value interface{}, name string) error {
+	return m.RunWithValue(value, func(stmt *gorm.Statement) error {
+		constraint, table := m.GuessConstraintInterfaceAndTable(stmt, name)
+		if constraint != nil {
+			name = constraint.GetName()
+		}
+
+		return m.recreateTable(value, &table,
+			func(ddl *ddl, stmt *gorm.Statement) (*ddl, []interface{}, error) {
+				ddl.removeConstraint(name)
+				return ddl, nil, nil
+			})
+	})
+}
+
+func (m _Migrator) HasConstraint(value interface{}, name string) bool {
+	var count int64
+	m.RunWithValue(value, func(stmt *gorm.Statement) error {
+		constraint, table := m.GuessConstraintInterfaceAndTable(stmt, name)
+		if constraint != nil {
+			name = constraint.GetName()
+		}
+
+		m.DB.Raw(
+			"SELECT count(*) FROM sqlite_master WHERE type = ? AND tbl_name = ? AND (sql LIKE ? OR sql LIKE ? OR sql LIKE ? OR sql LIKE ? OR sql LIKE ?)",
+			"table", table, `%CONSTRAINT "`+name+`" %`, `%CONSTRAINT `+name+` %`, "%CONSTRAINT `"+name+"`%", "%CONSTRAINT ["+name+"]%", "%CONSTRAINT \t"+name+"\t%",
+		).Row().Scan(&count)
+
+		return nil
+	})
+
+	return count > 0
+}
+
+func (m _Migrator) CurrentDatabase() (name string) {
+	var null interface{}
+	m.DB.Raw("PRAGMA database_list").Row().Scan(&null, &name, &null)
+	return
+}
+
+func (m _Migrator) BuildIndexOptions(opts []schema.IndexOption, stmt *gorm.Statement) (results []interface{}) {
+	for _, opt := range opts {
+		str := stmt.Quote(opt.DBName)
+		if opt.Expression != "" {
+			str = opt.Expression
+		}
+
+		if opt.Collate != "" {
+			str += " COLLATE " + opt.Collate
+		}
+
+		if opt.Sort != "" {
+			str += " " + opt.Sort
+		}
+		results = append(results, clause.Expr{SQL: str})
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+func (m _Migrator) CreateIndex(value interface{}, name string) error {
+	return m.RunWithValue(value, func(stmt *gorm.Statement) error {
+		if stmt.Schema != nil {
+			if idx := stmt.Schema.LookIndex(name); idx != nil {
+				opts := m.BuildIndexOptions(idx.Fields, stmt)
+				values := []interface{}{clause.Column{Name: idx.Name}, clause.Table{Name: stmt.Table}, opts}
+
+				createIndexSQL := "CREATE "
+				if idx.Class != "" {
+					createIndexSQL += idx.Class + " "
+				}
+				createIndexSQL += "INDEX ?"
+
+				if idx.Type != "" {
+					createIndexSQL += " USING " + idx.Type
+				}
+				createIndexSQL += " ON ??"
+
+				if idx.Where != "" {
+					createIndexSQL += " WHERE " + idx.Where
+				}
+
+				return m.DB.Exec(createIndexSQL, values...).Error
+			}
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create index with name %v", name)
+	})
+}
+
+func (m _Migrator) HasIndex(value interface{}, name string) bool {
+	var count int
+	m.RunWithValue(value, func(stmt *gorm.Statement) error {
+		if stmt.Schema != nil {
+			if idx := stmt.Schema.LookIndex(name); idx != nil {
+				name = idx.Name
+			}
+		}
+
+		if name != "" {
+			m.DB.Raw(
+				"SELECT count(*) FROM sqlite_master WHERE type = ? AND tbl_name = ? AND name = ?", "index", stmt.Table, name,
+			).Row().Scan(&count)
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
+	return count > 0
+}
+
+func (m _Migrator) RenameIndex(value interface{}, oldName, newName string) error {
+	return m.RunWithValue(value, func(stmt *gorm.Statement) error {
+		var sql string
+		m.DB.Raw("SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master WHERE type = ? AND tbl_name = ? AND name = ?", "index", stmt.Table, oldName).Row().Scan(&sql)
+		if sql != "" {
+			if err := m.DropIndex(value, oldName); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			return m.DB.Exec(strings.Replace(sql, oldName, newName, 1)).Error
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to find index with name %v", oldName)
+	})
+}
+
+func (m _Migrator) DropIndex(value interface{}, name string) error {
+	return m.RunWithValue(value, func(stmt *gorm.Statement) error {
+		if stmt.Schema != nil {
+			if idx := stmt.Schema.LookIndex(name); idx != nil {
+				name = idx.Name
+			}
+		}
+
+		return m.DB.Exec("DROP INDEX ?", clause.Column{Name: name}).Error
+	})
+}
+
+type _Index struct {
+	Seq     int
+	Name    string
+	Unique  bool
+	Origin  string
+	Partial bool
+}
+
+// GetIndexes return Indexes []gorm.Index and execErr error,
+// See the [doc]
+//
+// [doc]: https://www.sqlite.org/pragma.html#pragma_index_list
+func (m _Migrator) GetIndexes(value interface{}) ([]gorm.Index, error) {
+	indexes := make([]gorm.Index, 0)
+	err := m.RunWithValue(value, func(stmt *gorm.Statement) error {
+		rst := make([]*_Index, 0)
+		if err := m.DB.Debug().Raw("SELECT * FROM PRAGMA_index_list(?)", stmt.Table).Scan(&rst).Error; err != nil { // alias `PRAGMA index_list(?)`
+			return err
+		}
+		for _, index := range rst {
+			if index.Origin == "u" { // skip the index was created by a UNIQUE constraint
+				continue
+			}
+			var columns []string
+			if err := m.DB.Raw("SELECT name FROM PRAGMA_index_info(?)", index.Name).Scan(&columns).Error; err != nil { // alias `PRAGMA index_info(?)`
+				return err
+			}
+			indexes = append(indexes, &migrator.Index{
+				TableName:       stmt.Table,
+				NameValue:       index.Name,
+				ColumnList:      columns,
+				PrimaryKeyValue: sql.NullBool{Bool: index.Origin == "pk", Valid: true}, // The exceptions are INTEGER PRIMARY KEY
+				UniqueValue:     sql.NullBool{Bool: index.Unique, Valid: true},
+			})
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
+	return indexes, err
+}
+
+func (m _Migrator) getRawDDL(table string) (string, error) {
+	var createSQL string
+	m.DB.Raw("SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master WHERE type = ? AND tbl_name = ? AND name = ?", "table", table, table).Row().Scan(&createSQL)
+
+	if m.DB.Error != nil {
+		return "", m.DB.Error
+	}
+	return createSQL, nil
+}
+
+func (m _Migrator) recreateTable(
+	value interface{}, tablePtr *string,
+	getCreateSQL func(ddl *ddl, stmt *gorm.Statement) (sql *ddl, sqlArgs []interface{}, err error),
+) error {
+	return m.RunWithValue(value, func(stmt *gorm.Statement) error {
+		table := stmt.Table
+		if tablePtr != nil {
+			table = *tablePtr
+		}
+
+		rawDDL, err := m.getRawDDL(table)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		originDDL, err := parseDDL(rawDDL)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		createDDL, sqlArgs, err := getCreateSQL(originDDL.clone(), stmt)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if createDDL == nil {
+			return nil
+		}
+
+		newTableName := table + "__temp"
+		if err := createDDL.renameTable(newTableName, table); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		columns := createDDL.getColumns()
+		createSQL := createDDL.compile()
+
+		return m.DB.Transaction(func(tx *gorm.DB) error {
+			if err := tx.Exec(createSQL, sqlArgs...).Error; err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+
+			queries := []string{
+				fmt.Sprintf("INSERT INTO `%v`(%v) SELECT %v FROM `%v`", newTableName, strings.Join(columns, ","), strings.Join(columns, ","), table),
+				fmt.Sprintf("DROP TABLE `%v`", table),
+				fmt.Sprintf("ALTER TABLE `%v` RENAME TO `%v`", newTableName, table),
+			}
+			for _, query := range queries {
+				if err := tx.Exec(query).Error; err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+			}
+			return nil
+		})
+	})
+}

gormlite/sqlite.go

@@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
+// Package gormlite provides a GORM driver for SQLite.
+package gormlite
+
+import (
+	"database/sql"
+	"strconv"
+
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+	"gorm.io/gorm/callbacks"
+	"gorm.io/gorm/clause"
+	"gorm.io/gorm/logger"
+	"gorm.io/gorm/migrator"
+	"gorm.io/gorm/schema"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver"
+)
+
+// Open opens a GORM dialector from a data source name.
+func Open(dsn string) gorm.Dialector {
+	return &_Dialector{DSN: dsn}
+}
+
+// Open opens a GORM dialector from a database handle.
+func OpenDB(db *sql.DB) gorm.Dialector {
+	return &_Dialector{Conn: db}
+}
+
+type _Dialector struct {
+	DSN  string
+	Conn gorm.ConnPool
+}
+
+func (dialector _Dialector) Name() string {
+	return "sqlite"
+}
+
+func (dialector _Dialector) Initialize(db *gorm.DB) (err error) {
+	if dialector.Conn != nil {
+		db.ConnPool = dialector.Conn
+	} else {
+		conn, err := driver.Open(dialector.DSN, nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		db.ConnPool = conn
+	}
+
+	callbacks.RegisterDefaultCallbacks(db, &callbacks.Config{
+		CreateClauses:        []string{"INSERT", "VALUES", "ON CONFLICT", "RETURNING"},
+		UpdateClauses:        []string{"UPDATE", "SET", "FROM", "WHERE", "RETURNING"},
+		DeleteClauses:        []string{"DELETE", "FROM", "WHERE", "RETURNING"},
+		LastInsertIDReversed: true,
+	})
+
+	for k, v := range dialector.ClauseBuilders() {
+		db.ClauseBuilders[k] = v
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+func (dialector _Dialector) ClauseBuilders() map[string]clause.ClauseBuilder {
+	return map[string]clause.ClauseBuilder{
+		"INSERT": func(c clause.Clause, builder clause.Builder) {
+			if insert, ok := c.Expression.(clause.Insert); ok {
+				if stmt, ok := builder.(*gorm.Statement); ok {
+					stmt.WriteString("INSERT ")
+					if insert.Modifier != "" {
+						stmt.WriteString(insert.Modifier)
+						stmt.WriteByte(' ')
+					}
+
+					stmt.WriteString("INTO ")
+					if insert.Table.Name == "" {
+						stmt.WriteQuoted(stmt.Table)
+					} else {
+						stmt.WriteQuoted(insert.Table)
+					}
+					return
+				}
+			}
+
+			c.Build(builder)
+		},
+		"LIMIT": func(c clause.Clause, builder clause.Builder) {
+			if limit, ok := c.Expression.(clause.Limit); ok {
+				var lmt = -1
+				if limit.Limit != nil && *limit.Limit >= 0 {
+					lmt = *limit.Limit
+				}
+				if lmt >= 0 || limit.Offset > 0 {
+					builder.WriteString("LIMIT ")
+					builder.WriteString(strconv.Itoa(lmt))
+				}
+				if limit.Offset > 0 {
+					builder.WriteString(" OFFSET ")
+					builder.WriteString(strconv.Itoa(limit.Offset))
+				}
+			}
+		},
+		"FOR": func(c clause.Clause, builder clause.Builder) {
+			if _, ok := c.Expression.(clause.Locking); ok {
+				// SQLite3 does not support row-level locking.
+				return
+			}
+			c.Build(builder)
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+func (dialector _Dialector) DefaultValueOf(field *schema.Field) clause.Expression {
+	if field.AutoIncrement {
+		return clause.Expr{SQL: "NULL"}
+	}
+
+	// doesn't work, will raise error
+	return clause.Expr{SQL: "DEFAULT"}
+}
+
+func (dialector _Dialector) Migrator(db *gorm.DB) gorm.Migrator {
+	return _Migrator{migrator.Migrator{Config: migrator.Config{
+		DB:                          db,
+		Dialector:                   dialector,
+		CreateIndexAfterCreateTable: true,
+	}}}
+}
+
+func (dialector _Dialector) BindVarTo(writer clause.Writer, stmt *gorm.Statement, v interface{}) {
+	writer.WriteByte('?')
+}
+
+func (dialector _Dialector) QuoteTo(writer clause.Writer, str string) {
+	var (
+		underQuoted, selfQuoted bool
+		continuousBacktick      int8
+		shiftDelimiter          int8
+	)
+
+	for _, v := range []byte(str) {
+		switch v {
+		case '`':
+			continuousBacktick++
+			if continuousBacktick == 2 {
+				writer.WriteString("``")
+				continuousBacktick = 0
+			}
+		case '.':
+			if continuousBacktick > 0 || !selfQuoted {
+				shiftDelimiter = 0
+				underQuoted = false
+				continuousBacktick = 0
+				writer.WriteString("`")
+			}
+			writer.WriteByte(v)
+			continue
+		default:
+			if shiftDelimiter-continuousBacktick <= 0 && !underQuoted {
+				writer.WriteString("`")
+				underQuoted = true
+				if selfQuoted = continuousBacktick > 0; selfQuoted {
+					continuousBacktick -= 1
+				}
+			}
+
+			for ; continuousBacktick > 0; continuousBacktick -= 1 {
+				writer.WriteString("``")
+			}
+
+			writer.WriteByte(v)
+		}
+		shiftDelimiter++
+	}
+
+	if continuousBacktick > 0 && !selfQuoted {
+		writer.WriteString("``")
+	}
+	writer.WriteString("`")
+}
+
+func (dialector _Dialector) Explain(sql string, vars ...interface{}) string {
+	return logger.ExplainSQL(sql, nil, `"`, vars...)
+}
+
+func (dialector _Dialector) DataTypeOf(field *schema.Field) string {
+	switch field.DataType {
+	case schema.Bool:
+		return "numeric"
+	case schema.Int, schema.Uint:
+		if field.AutoIncrement {
+			// doesn't check `PrimaryKey`, to keep backward compatibility
+			// https://sqlite.org/autoinc.html
+			return "integer PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT"
+		} else {
+			return "integer"
+		}
+	case schema.Float:
+		return "real"
+	case schema.String:
+		return "text"
+	case schema.Time:
+		// Distinguish between schema.Time and tag time
+		if val, ok := field.TagSettings["TYPE"]; ok {
+			return val
+		} else {
+			return "datetime"
+		}
+	case schema.Bytes:
+		return "blob"
+	}
+
+	return string(field.DataType)
+}
+
+func (dialectopr _Dialector) SavePoint(tx *gorm.DB, name string) error {
+	tx.Exec("SAVEPOINT " + name)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (dialectopr _Dialector) RollbackTo(tx *gorm.DB, name string) error {
+	tx.Exec("ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT " + name)
+	return nil
+}

gormlite/sqlite_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+package gormlite
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"testing"
+
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3"
+	"github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/driver"
+	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed"
+)
+
+func TestDialector(t *testing.T) {
+	// This is the DSN of the in-memory SQLite database for these tests.
+	const InMemoryDSN = "file:testdatabase?mode=memory&cache=shared"
+
+	// Custom connection with a custom function called "my_custom_function".
+	db, err := driver.Open(InMemoryDSN, func(conn *sqlite3.Conn) error {
+		return conn.CreateFunction("my_custom_function", 0, sqlite3.DETERMINISTIC,
+			func(ctx sqlite3.Context, arg ...sqlite3.Value) {
+				ctx.ResultText("my-result")
+			})
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	rows := []struct {
+		description  string
+		dialector    gorm.Dialector
+		openSuccess  bool
+		query        string
+		querySuccess bool
+	}{
+		{
+			description:  "Default driver",
+			dialector:    Open(InMemoryDSN),
+			openSuccess:  true,
+			query:        "SELECT 1",
+			querySuccess: true,
+		},
+		{
+			description:  "Custom function",
+			dialector:    Open(InMemoryDSN),
+			openSuccess:  true,
+			query:        "SELECT my_custom_function()",
+			querySuccess: false,
+		},
+		{
+			description:  "Custom connection",
+			dialector:    OpenDB(db),
+			openSuccess:  true,
+			query:        "SELECT 1",
+			querySuccess: true,
+		},
+		{
+			description:  "Custom connection, custom function",
+			dialector:    OpenDB(db),
+			openSuccess:  true,
+			query:        "SELECT my_custom_function()",
+			querySuccess: true,
+		},
+	}
+	for rowIndex, row := range rows {
+		t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("%d/%s", rowIndex, row.description), func(t *testing.T) {
+			db, err := gorm.Open(row.dialector, &gorm.Config{})
+			if !row.openSuccess {
+				if err == nil {
+					t.Errorf("Expected Open to fail.")
+				}
+				return
+			}
+
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Errorf("Expected Open to succeed; got error: %v", err)
+			}
+			if db == nil {
+				t.Errorf("Expected db to be non-nil.")
+			}
+			if row.query != "" {
+				err = db.Exec(row.query).Error
+				if !row.querySuccess {
+					if err == nil {
+						t.Errorf("Expected query to fail.")
+					}
+					return
+				}
+
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Errorf("Expected query to succeed; got error: %v", err)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

gormlite/test.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -euo pipefail
+
+cd -P -- "$(dirname -- "$0")"
+
+rm -rf gorm/ tests/
+go work use -r .
+go test
+
+git clone --branch v1.25.7 --filter=blob:none https://github.com/go-gorm/gorm.git
+mv gorm/tests tests
+rm -rf gorm/
+
+patch -p1 -N < tests.patch
+
+cd tests
+go mod edit \
+ -require github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/gormlite@v0.0.0 \
+ -replace github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/gormlite=../ \
+ -replace github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3=../../ \
+ -droprequire gorm.io/driver/sqlite \
+ -dropreplace gorm.io/gorm
+go mod tidy && go work use . && go test
+
+cd ..
+rm -rf tests/
+go work use -r .

gormlite/tests.patch

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+diff --git a/tests/.gitignore b/tests/.gitignore
+--- a/tests/.gitignore
++++ b/tests/.gitignore
+@@ -1 +1 @@
+-go.sum
++*
+diff --git a/tests/tests_test.go b/tests/tests_test.go
+--- a/tests/tests_test.go
++++ b/tests/tests_test.go
+@@ -7,9 +7,11 @@ import (
+ 	"path/filepath"
+ 	"time"
+ 
++	_ "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/embed"
++	sqlite "github.com/ncruces/go-sqlite3/gormlite"
++
+ 	"gorm.io/driver/mysql"
+ 	"gorm.io/driver/postgres"
+-	"gorm.io/driver/sqlite"
+ 	"gorm.io/driver/sqlserver"
+ 	"gorm.io/gorm"
+ 	"gorm.io/gorm/logger"

internal/util/bool.go

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+package util
+
+import "strings"
+
+func ParseBool(s string) (b, ok bool) {
+	if len(s) == 0 {
+		return false, false
+	}
+	if s[0] == '0' {
+		return false, true
+	}
+	if '1' <= s[0] && s[0] <= '9' {
+		return true, true
+	}
+	switch strings.ToLower(s) {
+	case "true", "yes", "on":
+		return true, true
+	case "false", "no", "off":
+		return false, true
+	}
+	return false, false
+}

internal/util/bool_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+package util
+
+import "testing"
+
+func TestParseBool(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		str string
+		val bool
+		ok  bool
+	}{
+		{"", false, false},
+		{"0", false, true},
+		{"1", true, true},
+		{"9", true, true},
+		{"T", false, false},
+		{"true", true, true},
+		{"FALSE", false, true},
+		{"false?", false, false},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.str, func(t *testing.T) {
+			gotVal, gotOK := ParseBool(tt.str)
+			if gotVal != tt.val || gotOK != tt.ok {
+				t.Errorf("ParseBool(%q) = (%v, %v) want (%v, %v)", tt.str, gotVal, gotOK, tt.val, tt.ok)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

internal/util/const.go

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+package util
+
+// https://sqlite.com/matrix/rescode.html
+const (
+	OK = 0 /* Successful result */
+
+	ERROR      = 1  /* Generic error */
+	INTERNAL   = 2  /* Internal logic error in SQLite */
+	PERM       = 3  /* Access permission denied */
+	ABORT      = 4  /* Callback routine requested an abort */
+	BUSY       = 5  /* The database file is locked */
+	LOCKED     = 6  /* A table in the database is locked */
+	NOMEM      = 7  /* A malloc() failed */
+	READONLY   = 8  /* Attempt to write a readonly database */
+	INTERRUPT  = 9  /* Operation terminated by sqlite3_interrupt() */
+	IOERR      = 10 /* Some kind of disk I/O error occurred */
+	CORRUPT    = 11 /* The database disk image is malformed */
+	NOTFOUND   = 12 /* Unknown opcode in sqlite3_file_control() */
+	FULL       = 13 /* Insertion failed because database is full */
+	CANTOPEN   = 14 /* Unable to open the database file */
+	PROTOCOL   = 15 /* Database lock protocol error */
+	EMPTY      = 16 /* Internal use only */
+	SCHEMA     = 17 /* The database schema changed */
+	TOOBIG     = 18 /* String or BLOB exceeds size limit */
+	CONSTRAINT = 19 /* Abort due to constraint violation */
+	MISMATCH   = 20 /* Data type mismatch */
+	MISUSE     = 21 /* Library used incorrectly */
+	NOLFS      = 22 /* Uses OS features not supported on host */
+	AUTH       = 23 /* Authorization denied */
+	FORMAT     = 24 /* Not used */
+	RANGE      = 25 /* 2nd parameter to sqlite3_bind out of range */
+	NOTADB     = 26 /* File opened that is not a database file */
+	NOTICE     = 27 /* Notifications from sqlite3_log() */
+	WARNING    = 28 /* Warnings from sqlite3_log() */
+
+	ROW  = 100 /* sqlite3_step() has another row ready */
+	DONE = 101 /* sqlite3_step() has finished executing */
+
+	ERROR_MISSING_COLLSEQ   = ERROR | (1 << 8)
+	ERROR_RETRY             = ERROR | (2 << 8)
+	ERROR_SNAPSHOT          = ERROR | (3 << 8)
+	IOERR_READ              = IOERR | (1 << 8)
+	IOERR_SHORT_READ        = IOERR | (2 << 8)
+	IOERR_WRITE             = IOERR | (3 << 8)
+	IOERR_FSYNC             = IOERR | (4 << 8)
+	IOERR_DIR_FSYNC         = IOERR | (5 << 8)
+	IOERR_TRUNCATE          = IOERR | (6 << 8)
+	IOERR_FSTAT             = IOERR | (7 << 8)
+	IOERR_UNLOCK            = IOERR | (8 << 8)
+	IOERR_RDLOCK            = IOERR | (9 << 8)
+	IOERR_DELETE            = IOERR | (10 << 8)
+	IOERR_BLOCKED           = IOERR | (11 << 8)
+	IOERR_NOMEM             = IOERR | (12 << 8)
+	IOERR_ACCESS            = IOERR | (13 << 8)
+	IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK = IOERR | (14 << 8)
+	IOERR_LOCK              = IOERR | (15 << 8)
+	IOERR_CLOSE             = IOERR | (16 << 8)
+	IOERR_DIR_CLOSE         = IOERR | (17 << 8)
+	IOERR_SHMOPEN           = IOERR | (18 << 8)
+	IOERR_SHMSIZE           = IOERR | (19 << 8)
+	IOERR_SHMLOCK           = IOERR | (20 << 8)
+	IOERR_SHMMAP            = IOERR | (21 << 8)
+	IOERR_SEEK              = IOERR | (22 << 8)
+	IOERR_DELETE_NOENT      = IOERR | (23 << 8)
+	IOERR_MMAP              = IOERR | (24 << 8)
+	IOERR_GETTEMPPATH       = IOERR | (25 << 8)
+	IOERR_CONVPATH          = IOERR | (26 << 8)
+	IOERR_VNODE             = IOERR | (27 << 8)
+	IOERR_AUTH              = IOERR | (28 << 8)
+	IOERR_BEGIN_ATOMIC      = IOERR | (29 << 8)
+	IOERR_COMMIT_ATOMIC     = IOERR | (30 << 8)
+	IOERR_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC   = IOERR | (31 << 8)
+	IOERR_DATA              = IOERR | (32 << 8)
+	IOERR_CORRUPTFS         = IOERR | (33 << 8)
+	IOERR_IN_PAGE           = IOERR | (34 << 8)
+	LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE      = LOCKED | (1 << 8)
+	LOCKED_VTAB             = LOCKED | (2 << 8)
+	BUSY_RECOVERY           = BUSY | (1 << 8)
+	BUSY_SNAPSHOT           = BUSY | (2 << 8)
+	BUSY_TIMEOUT            = BUSY | (3 << 8)
+	CANTOPEN_NOTEMPDIR      = CANTOPEN | (1 << 8)
+	CANTOPEN_ISDIR          = CANTOPEN | (2 << 8)
+	CANTOPEN_FULLPATH       = CANTOPEN | (3 << 8)
+	CANTOPEN_CONVPATH       = CANTOPEN | (4 << 8)
+	CANTOPEN_DIRTYWAL       = CANTOPEN | (5 << 8) /* Not Used */
+	CANTOPEN_SYMLINK        = CANTOPEN | (6 << 8)
+	CORRUPT_VTAB            = CORRUPT | (1 << 8)
+	CORRUPT_SEQUENCE        = CORRUPT | (2 << 8)
+	CORRUPT_INDEX           = CORRUPT | (3 << 8)
+	READONLY_RECOVERY       = READONLY | (1 << 8)
+	READONLY_CANTLOCK       = READONLY | (2 << 8)
+	READONLY_ROLLBACK       = READONLY | (3 << 8)
+	READONLY_DBMOVED        = READONLY | (4 << 8)
+	READONLY_CANTINIT       = READONLY | (5 << 8)
+	READONLY_DIRECTORY      = READONLY | (6 << 8)
+	ABORT_ROLLBACK          = ABORT | (2 << 8)
+	CONSTRAINT_CHECK        = CONSTRAINT | (1 << 8)
+	CONSTRAINT_COMMITHOOK   = CONSTRAINT | (2 << 8)
+	CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY   = CONSTRAINT | (3 << 8)
+	CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION     = CONSTRAINT | (4 << 8)
+	CONSTRAINT_NOTNULL      = CONSTRAINT | (5 << 8)
+	CONSTRAINT_PRIMARYKEY   = CONSTRAINT | (6 << 8)
+	CONSTRAINT_TRIGGER      = CONSTRAINT | (7 << 8)
+	CONSTRAINT_UNIQUE       = CONSTRAINT | (8 << 8)
+	CONSTRAINT_VTAB         = CONSTRAINT | (9 << 8)
+	CONSTRAINT_ROWID        = CONSTRAINT | (10 << 8)
+	CONSTRAINT_PINNED       = CONSTRAINT | (11 << 8)
+	CONSTRAINT_DATATYPE     = CONSTRAINT | (12 << 8)
+	NOTICE_RECOVER_WAL      = NOTICE | (1 << 8)
+	NOTICE_RECOVER_ROLLBACK = NOTICE | (2 << 8)
+	NOTICE_RBU              = NOTICE | (3 << 8)
+	WARNING_AUTOINDEX       = WARNING | (1 << 8)
+	AUTH_USER               = AUTH | (1 << 8)
+
+	OK_LOAD_PERMANENTLY = OK | (1 << 8)
+	OK_SYMLINK          = OK | (2 << 8) /* internal use only */
+)

internal/util/error.go

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+package util
+
+import (
+	"runtime"
+	"strconv"
+)
+
+type ErrorString string
+
+func (e ErrorString) Error() string { return string(e) }
+
+const (
+	NilErr       = ErrorString("sqlite3: invalid memory address or null pointer dereference")
+	OOMErr       = ErrorString("sqlite3: out of memory")
+	RangeErr     = ErrorString("sqlite3: index out of range")
+	NoNulErr     = ErrorString("sqlite3: missing NUL terminator")
+	NoBinaryErr  = ErrorString("sqlite3: no SQLite binary embed/set/loaded")
+	BadBinaryErr = ErrorString("sqlite3: invalid SQLite binary embed/set/loaded")
+	TimeErr      = ErrorString("sqlite3: invalid time value")
+	WhenceErr    = ErrorString("sqlite3: invalid whence")
+	OffsetErr    = ErrorString("sqlite3: invalid offset")
+	TailErr      = ErrorString("sqlite3: multiple statements")
+	IsolationErr = ErrorString("sqlite3: unsupported isolation level")
+	ValueErr     = ErrorString("sqlite3: unsupported value")
+	NoVFSErr     = ErrorString("sqlite3: no such vfs: ")
+)
+
+func AssertErr() ErrorString {
+	msg := "sqlite3: assertion failed"
+	if _, file, line, ok := runtime.Caller(1); ok {
+		msg += " (" + file + ":" + strconv.Itoa(line) + ")"
+	}
+	return ErrorString(msg)
+}
+
+func ErrorCodeString(rc uint32) string {
+	switch rc {
+	case ABORT_ROLLBACK:
+		return "sqlite3: abort due to ROLLBACK"
+	case ROW:
+		return "sqlite3: another row available"
+	case DONE:
+		return "sqlite3: no more rows available"
+	}
+	switch rc & 0xff {
+	case OK:
+		return "sqlite3: not an error"
+	case ERROR:
+		return "sqlite3: SQL logic error"
+	case INTERNAL:
+		break
+	case PERM:
+		return "sqlite3: access permission denied"
+	case ABORT:
+		return "sqlite3: query aborted"
+	case BUSY:
+		return "sqlite3: database is locked"
+	case LOCKED:
+		return "sqlite3: database table is locked"
+	case NOMEM:
+		return "sqlite3: out of memory"
+	case READONLY:
+		return "sqlite3: attempt to write a readonly database"
+	case INTERRUPT:
+		return "sqlite3: interrupted"
+	case IOERR:
+		return "sqlite3: disk I/O error"
+	case CORRUPT:
+		return "sqlite3: database disk image is malformed"
+	case NOTFOUND:
+		return "sqlite3: unknown operation"
+	case FULL:
+		return "sqlite3: database or disk is full"
+	case CANTOPEN:
+		return "sqlite3: unable to open database file"
+	case PROTOCOL:
+		return "sqlite3: locking protocol"
+	case FORMAT:
+		break
+	case SCHEMA:
+		return "sqlite3: database schema has changed"
+	case TOOBIG:
+		return "sqlite3: string or blob too big"
+	case CONSTRAINT:
+		return "sqlite3: constraint failed"
+	case MISMATCH:
+		return "sqlite3: datatype mismatch"
+	case MISUSE:
+		return "sqlite3: bad parameter or other API misuse"
+	case NOLFS:
+		break
+	case AUTH:
+		return "sqlite3: authorization denied"
+	case EMPTY:
+		break
+	case RANGE:
+		return "sqlite3: column index out of range"
+	case NOTADB:
+		return "sqlite3: file is not a database"
+	case NOTICE:
+		return "sqlite3: notification message"
+	case WARNING:
+		return "sqlite3: warning message"
+	}
+	return "sqlite3: unknown error"
+}

internal/util/func.go

@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+package util
+
+import (
+	"context"
+
+	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero"
+	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/api"
+)
+
+type i32 interface{ ~int32 | ~uint32 }
+type i64 interface{ ~int64 | ~uint64 }
+
+type funcVI[T0 i32] func(context.Context, api.Module, T0)
+
+func (fn funcVI[T0]) Call(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, stack []uint64) {
+	fn(ctx, mod, T0(stack[0]))
+}
+
+func ExportFuncVI[T0 i32](mod wazero.HostModuleBuilder, name string, fn func(context.Context, api.Module, T0)) {
+	mod.NewFunctionBuilder().
+		WithGoModuleFunction(funcVI[T0](fn),
+			[]api.ValueType{api.ValueTypeI32}, nil).
+		Export(name)
+}
+
+type funcVII[T0, T1 i32] func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1)
+
+func (fn funcVII[T0, T1]) Call(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, stack []uint64) {
+	fn(ctx, mod, T0(stack[0]), T1(stack[1]))
+}
+
+func ExportFuncVII[T0, T1 i32](mod wazero.HostModuleBuilder, name string, fn func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1)) {
+	mod.NewFunctionBuilder().
+		WithGoModuleFunction(funcVII[T0, T1](fn),
+			[]api.ValueType{api.ValueTypeI32, api.ValueTypeI32}, nil).
+		Export(name)
+}
+
+type funcVIII[T0, T1, T2 i32] func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1, T2)
+
+func (fn funcVIII[T0, T1, T2]) Call(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, stack []uint64) {
+	fn(ctx, mod, T0(stack[0]), T1(stack[1]), T2(stack[2]))
+}
+
+func ExportFuncVIII[T0, T1, T2 i32](mod wazero.HostModuleBuilder, name string, fn func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1, T2)) {
+	mod.NewFunctionBuilder().
+		WithGoModuleFunction(funcVIII[T0, T1, T2](fn),
+			[]api.ValueType{api.ValueTypeI32, api.ValueTypeI32, api.ValueTypeI32}, nil).
+		Export(name)
+}
+
+type funcVIIII[T0, T1, T2, T3 i32] func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1, T2, T3)
+
+func (fn funcVIIII[T0, T1, T2, T3]) Call(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, stack []uint64) {
+	fn(ctx, mod, T0(stack[0]), T1(stack[1]), T2(stack[2]), T3(stack[3]))
+}
+
+func ExportFuncVIIII[T0, T1, T2, T3 i32](mod wazero.HostModuleBuilder, name string, fn func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1, T2, T3)) {
+	mod.NewFunctionBuilder().
+		WithGoModuleFunction(funcVIIII[T0, T1, T2, T3](fn),
+			[]api.ValueType{api.ValueTypeI32, api.ValueTypeI32, api.ValueTypeI32, api.ValueTypeI32}, nil).
+		Export(name)
+}
+
+type funcVIIIII[T0, T1, T2, T3, T4 i32] func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1, T2, T3, T4)
+
+func (fn funcVIIIII[T0, T1, T2, T3, T4]) Call(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, stack []uint64) {
+	fn(ctx, mod, T0(stack[0]), T1(stack[1]), T2(stack[2]), T3(stack[3]), T4(stack[4]))
+}
+
+func ExportFuncVIIIII[T0, T1, T2, T3, T4 i32](mod wazero.HostModuleBuilder, name string, fn func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1, T2, T3, T4)) {
+	mod.NewFunctionBuilder().
+		WithGoModuleFunction(funcVIIIII[T0, T1, T2, T3, T4](fn),
+			[]api.ValueType{api.ValueTypeI32, api.ValueTypeI32, api.ValueTypeI32, api.ValueTypeI32, api.ValueTypeI32}, nil).
+		Export(name)
+}
+
+type funcVIIIIJ[T0, T1, T2, T3 i32, T4 i64] func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1, T2, T3, T4)
+
+func (fn funcVIIIIJ[T0, T1, T2, T3, T4]) Call(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, stack []uint64) {
+	fn(ctx, mod, T0(stack[0]), T1(stack[1]), T2(stack[2]), T3(stack[3]), T4(stack[4]))
+}
+
+func ExportFuncVIIIIJ[T0, T1, T2, T3 i32, T4 i64](mod wazero.HostModuleBuilder, name string, fn func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1, T2, T3, T4)) {
+	mod.NewFunctionBuilder().
+		WithGoModuleFunction(funcVIIIIJ[T0, T1, T2, T3, T4](fn),
+			[]api.ValueType{api.ValueTypeI32, api.ValueTypeI32, api.ValueTypeI32, api.ValueTypeI32, api.ValueTypeI64}, nil).
+		Export(name)
+}
+
+type funcII[TR, T0 i32] func(context.Context, api.Module, T0) TR
+
+func (fn funcII[TR, T0]) Call(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, stack []uint64) {
+	stack[0] = uint64(fn(ctx, mod, T0(stack[0])))
+}
+
+func ExportFuncII[TR, T0 i32](mod wazero.HostModuleBuilder, name string, fn func(context.Context, api.Module, T0) TR) {
+	mod.NewFunctionBuilder().
+		WithGoModuleFunction(funcII[TR, T0](fn),
+			[]api.ValueType{api.ValueTypeI32}, []api.ValueType{api.ValueTypeI32}).
+		Export(name)
+}
+
+type funcIII[TR, T0, T1 i32] func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1) TR
+
+func (fn funcIII[TR, T0, T1]) Call(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, stack []uint64) {
+	stack[0] = uint64(fn(ctx, mod, T0(stack[0]), T1(stack[1])))
+}
+
+func ExportFuncIII[TR, T0, T1 i32](mod wazero.HostModuleBuilder, name string, fn func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1) TR) {
+	mod.NewFunctionBuilder().
+		WithGoModuleFunction(funcIII[TR, T0, T1](fn),
+			[]api.ValueType{api.ValueTypeI32, api.ValueTypeI32}, []api.ValueType{api.ValueTypeI32}).
+		Export(name)
+}
+
+type funcIIII[TR, T0, T1, T2 i32] func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1, T2) TR
+
+func (fn funcIIII[TR, T0, T1, T2]) Call(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, stack []uint64) {
+	stack[0] = uint64(fn(ctx, mod, T0(stack[0]), T1(stack[1]), T2(stack[2])))
+}
+
+func ExportFuncIIII[TR, T0, T1, T2 i32](mod wazero.HostModuleBuilder, name string, fn func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1, T2) TR) {
+	mod.NewFunctionBuilder().
+		WithGoModuleFunction(funcIIII[TR, T0, T1, T2](fn),
+			[]api.ValueType{api.ValueTypeI32, api.ValueTypeI32, api.ValueTypeI32}, []api.ValueType{api.ValueTypeI32}).
+		Export(name)
+}
+
+type funcIIIII[TR, T0, T1, T2, T3 i32] func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1, T2, T3) TR
+
+func (fn funcIIIII[TR, T0, T1, T2, T3]) Call(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, stack []uint64) {
+	stack[0] = uint64(fn(ctx, mod, T0(stack[0]), T1(stack[1]), T2(stack[2]), T3(stack[3])))
+}
+
+func ExportFuncIIIII[TR, T0, T1, T2, T3 i32](mod wazero.HostModuleBuilder, name string, fn func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1, T2, T3) TR) {
+	mod.NewFunctionBuilder().
+		WithGoModuleFunction(funcIIIII[TR, T0, T1, T2, T3](fn),
+			[]api.ValueType{api.ValueTypeI32, api.ValueTypeI32, api.ValueTypeI32, api.ValueTypeI32}, []api.ValueType{api.ValueTypeI32}).
+		Export(name)
+}
+
+type funcIIIIII[TR, T0, T1, T2, T3, T4 i32] func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1, T2, T3, T4) TR
+
+func (fn funcIIIIII[TR, T0, T1, T2, T3, T4]) Call(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, stack []uint64) {
+	stack[0] = uint64(fn(ctx, mod, T0(stack[0]), T1(stack[1]), T2(stack[2]), T3(stack[3]), T4(stack[4])))
+}
+
+func ExportFuncIIIIII[TR, T0, T1, T2, T3, T4 i32](mod wazero.HostModuleBuilder, name string, fn func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1, T2, T3, T4) TR) {
+	mod.NewFunctionBuilder().
+		WithGoModuleFunction(funcIIIIII[TR, T0, T1, T2, T3, T4](fn),
+			[]api.ValueType{api.ValueTypeI32, api.ValueTypeI32, api.ValueTypeI32, api.ValueTypeI32, api.ValueTypeI32}, []api.ValueType{api.ValueTypeI32}).
+		Export(name)
+}
+
+type funcIIIIIII[TR, T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 i32] func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5) TR
+
+func (fn funcIIIIIII[TR, T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5]) Call(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, stack []uint64) {
+	stack[0] = uint64(fn(ctx, mod, T0(stack[0]), T1(stack[1]), T2(stack[2]), T3(stack[3]), T4(stack[4]), T5(stack[5])))
+}
+
+func ExportFuncIIIIIII[TR, T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 i32](mod wazero.HostModuleBuilder, name string, fn func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5) TR) {
+	mod.NewFunctionBuilder().
+		WithGoModuleFunction(funcIIIIIII[TR, T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5](fn),
+			[]api.ValueType{api.ValueTypeI32, api.ValueTypeI32, api.ValueTypeI32, api.ValueTypeI32, api.ValueTypeI32, api.ValueTypeI32}, []api.ValueType{api.ValueTypeI32}).
+		Export(name)
+}
+
+type funcIIIIJ[TR, T0, T1, T2 i32, T3 i64] func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1, T2, T3) TR
+
+func (fn funcIIIIJ[TR, T0, T1, T2, T3]) Call(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, stack []uint64) {
+	stack[0] = uint64(fn(ctx, mod, T0(stack[0]), T1(stack[1]), T2(stack[2]), T3(stack[3])))
+}
+
+func ExportFuncIIIIJ[TR, T0, T1, T2 i32, T3 i64](mod wazero.HostModuleBuilder, name string, fn func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1, T2, T3) TR) {
+	mod.NewFunctionBuilder().
+		WithGoModuleFunction(funcIIIIJ[TR, T0, T1, T2, T3](fn),
+			[]api.ValueType{api.ValueTypeI32, api.ValueTypeI32, api.ValueTypeI32, api.ValueTypeI64}, []api.ValueType{api.ValueTypeI32}).
+		Export(name)
+}
+
+type funcIIJ[TR, T0 i32, T1 i64] func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1) TR
+
+func (fn funcIIJ[TR, T0, T1]) Call(ctx context.Context, mod api.Module, stack []uint64) {
+	stack[0] = uint64(fn(ctx, mod, T0(stack[0]), T1(stack[1])))
+}
+
+func ExportFuncIIJ[TR, T0 i32, T1 i64](mod wazero.HostModuleBuilder, name string, fn func(context.Context, api.Module, T0, T1) TR) {
+	mod.NewFunctionBuilder().
+		WithGoModuleFunction(funcIIJ[TR, T0, T1](fn),
+			[]api.ValueType{api.ValueTypeI32, api.ValueTypeI64}, []api.ValueType{api.ValueTypeI32}).
+		Export(name)
+}

internal/util/handle.go

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+package util
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"io"
+
+	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/experimental"
+)
+
+type handleKey struct{}
+type handleState struct {
+	handles []any
+	empty   int
+}
+
+func NewContext(ctx context.Context) context.Context {
+	state := new(handleState)
+	ctx = experimental.WithCloseNotifier(ctx, state)
+	ctx = context.WithValue(ctx, handleKey{}, state)
+	return ctx
+}
+
+func (s *handleState) CloseNotify(ctx context.Context, exitCode uint32) {
+	for _, h := range s.handles {
+		if c, ok := h.(io.Closer); ok {
+			c.Close()
+		}
+	}
+	s.handles = nil
+	s.empty = 0
+}
+
+func GetHandle(ctx context.Context, id uint32) any {
+	if id == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	s := ctx.Value(handleKey{}).(*handleState)
+	return s.handles[^id]
+}
+
+func DelHandle(ctx context.Context, id uint32) error {
+	if id == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	s := ctx.Value(handleKey{}).(*handleState)
+	a := s.handles[^id]
+	s.handles[^id] = nil
+	s.empty++
+	if c, ok := a.(io.Closer); ok {
+		return c.Close()
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func AddHandle(ctx context.Context, a any) (id uint32) {
+	if a == nil {
+		panic(NilErr)
+	}
+	s := ctx.Value(handleKey{}).(*handleState)
+
+	// Find an empty slot.
+	if s.empty > cap(s.handles)-len(s.handles) {
+		for id, h := range s.handles {
+			if h == nil {
+				s.empty--
+				s.handles[id] = a
+				return ^uint32(id)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Add a new slot.
+	s.handles = append(s.handles, a)
+	return -uint32(len(s.handles))
+}

internal/util/json.go

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+package util
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"strconv"
+	"time"
+	"unsafe"
+)
+
+type JSON struct{ Value any }
+
+func (j JSON) Scan(value any) error {
+	var buf []byte
+
+	switch v := value.(type) {
+	case []byte:
+		buf = v
+	case string:
+		buf = unsafe.Slice(unsafe.StringData(v), len(v))
+	case int64:
+		buf = strconv.AppendInt(nil, v, 10)
+	case float64:
+		buf = strconv.AppendFloat(nil, v, 'g', -1, 64)
+	case time.Time:
+		buf = append(buf, '"')
+		buf = v.AppendFormat(buf, time.RFC3339Nano)
+		buf = append(buf, '"')
+	case nil:
+		buf = append(buf, "null"...)
+	default:
+		panic(AssertErr())
+	}
+
+	return json.Unmarshal(buf, j.Value)
+}

internal/util/mem.go

@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+package util
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"math"
+
+	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/api"
+)
+
+func View(mod api.Module, ptr uint32, size uint64) []byte {
+	if ptr == 0 {
+		panic(NilErr)
+	}
+	if size > math.MaxUint32 {
+		panic(RangeErr)
+	}
+	if size == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	buf, ok := mod.Memory().Read(ptr, uint32(size))
+	if !ok {
+		panic(RangeErr)
+	}
+	return buf
+}
+
+func ReadUint8(mod api.Module, ptr uint32) uint8 {
+	if ptr == 0 {
+		panic(NilErr)
+	}
+	v, ok := mod.Memory().ReadByte(ptr)
+	if !ok {
+		panic(RangeErr)
+	}
+	return v
+}
+
+func ReadUint32(mod api.Module, ptr uint32) uint32 {
+	if ptr == 0 {
+		panic(NilErr)
+	}
+	v, ok := mod.Memory().ReadUint32Le(ptr)
+	if !ok {
+		panic(RangeErr)
+	}
+	return v
+}
+
+func WriteUint8(mod api.Module, ptr uint32, v uint8) {
+	if ptr == 0 {
+		panic(NilErr)
+	}
+	ok := mod.Memory().WriteByte(ptr, v)
+	if !ok {
+		panic(RangeErr)
+	}
+}
+
+func WriteUint32(mod api.Module, ptr uint32, v uint32) {
+	if ptr == 0 {
+		panic(NilErr)
+	}
+	ok := mod.Memory().WriteUint32Le(ptr, v)
+	if !ok {
+		panic(RangeErr)
+	}
+}
+
+func ReadUint64(mod api.Module, ptr uint32) uint64 {
+	if ptr == 0 {
+		panic(NilErr)
+	}
+	v, ok := mod.Memory().ReadUint64Le(ptr)
+	if !ok {
+		panic(RangeErr)
+	}
+	return v
+}
+
+func WriteUint64(mod api.Module, ptr uint32, v uint64) {
+	if ptr == 0 {
+		panic(NilErr)
+	}
+	ok := mod.Memory().WriteUint64Le(ptr, v)
+	if !ok {
+		panic(RangeErr)
+	}
+}
+
+func ReadFloat64(mod api.Module, ptr uint32) float64 {
+	return math.Float64frombits(ReadUint64(mod, ptr))
+}
+
+func WriteFloat64(mod api.Module, ptr uint32, v float64) {
+	WriteUint64(mod, ptr, math.Float64bits(v))
+}
+
+func ReadString(mod api.Module, ptr, maxlen uint32) string {
+	if ptr == 0 {
+		panic(NilErr)
+	}
+	switch maxlen {
+	case 0:
+		return ""
+	case math.MaxUint32:
+		// avoid overflow
+	default:
+		maxlen = maxlen + 1
+	}
+	mem := mod.Memory()
+	buf, ok := mem.Read(ptr, maxlen)
+	if !ok {
+		buf, ok = mem.Read(ptr, mem.Size()-ptr)
+		if !ok {
+			panic(RangeErr)
+		}
+	}
+	if i := bytes.IndexByte(buf, 0); i < 0 {
+		panic(NoNulErr)
+	} else {
+		return string(buf[:i])
+	}
+}
+
+func WriteBytes(mod api.Module, ptr uint32, b []byte) {
+	buf := View(mod, ptr, uint64(len(b)))
+	copy(buf, b)
+}
+
+func WriteString(mod api.Module, ptr uint32, s string) {
+	buf := View(mod, ptr, uint64(len(s)+1))
+	buf[len(s)] = 0
+	copy(buf, s)
+}

internal/util/mem_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+package util
+
+import (
+	"math"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/experimental/wazerotest"
+)
+
+func TestView_nil(t *testing.T) {
+	defer func() { _ = recover() }()
+	mock := wazerotest.NewModule(wazerotest.NewFixedMemory(wazerotest.PageSize))
+	View(mock, 0, 8)
+	t.Error("want panic")
+}
+
+func TestView_range(t *testing.T) {
+	defer func() { _ = recover() }()
+	mock := wazerotest.NewModule(wazerotest.NewFixedMemory(wazerotest.PageSize))
+	View(mock, wazerotest.PageSize-2, 8)
+	t.Error("want panic")
+}
+
+func TestView_overflow(t *testing.T) {
+	defer func() { _ = recover() }()
+	mock := wazerotest.NewModule(wazerotest.NewFixedMemory(wazerotest.PageSize))
+	View(mock, 1, math.MaxInt64)
+	t.Error("want panic")
+}
+
+func TestReadUint8_nil(t *testing.T) {
+	defer func() { _ = recover() }()
+	mock := wazerotest.NewModule(wazerotest.NewFixedMemory(wazerotest.PageSize))
+	ReadUint8(mock, 0)
+	t.Error("want panic")
+}
+
+func TestReadUint8_range(t *testing.T) {
+	defer func() { _ = recover() }()
+	mock := wazerotest.NewModule(wazerotest.NewFixedMemory(wazerotest.PageSize))
+	ReadUint8(mock, wazerotest.PageSize)
+	t.Error("want panic")
+}
+
+func TestReadUint32_nil(t *testing.T) {
+	defer func() { _ = recover() }()
+	mock := wazerotest.NewModule(wazerotest.NewFixedMemory(wazerotest.PageSize))
+	ReadUint32(mock, 0)
+	t.Error("want panic")
+}
+
+func TestReadUint32_range(t *testing.T) {
+	defer func() { _ = recover() }()
+	mock := wazerotest.NewModule(wazerotest.NewFixedMemory(wazerotest.PageSize))
+	ReadUint32(mock, wazerotest.PageSize-2)
+	t.Error("want panic")
+}
+
+func TestReadUint64_nil(t *testing.T) {
+	defer func() { _ = recover() }()
+	mock := wazerotest.NewModule(wazerotest.NewFixedMemory(wazerotest.PageSize))
+	ReadUint64(mock, 0)
+	t.Error("want panic")
+}
+
+func TestReadUint64_range(t *testing.T) {
+	defer func() { _ = recover() }()
+	mock := wazerotest.NewModule(wazerotest.NewFixedMemory(wazerotest.PageSize))
+	ReadUint64(mock, wazerotest.PageSize-2)
+	t.Error("want panic")
+}
+
+func TestWriteUint8_nil(t *testing.T) {
+	defer func() { _ = recover() }()
+	mock := wazerotest.NewModule(wazerotest.NewFixedMemory(wazerotest.PageSize))
+	WriteUint8(mock, 0, 1)
+	t.Error("want panic")
+}
+
+func TestWriteUint8_range(t *testing.T) {
+	defer func() { _ = recover() }()
+	mock := wazerotest.NewModule(wazerotest.NewFixedMemory(wazerotest.PageSize))
+	WriteUint8(mock, wazerotest.PageSize, 1)
+	t.Error("want panic")
+}
+
+func TestWriteUint32_nil(t *testing.T) {
+	defer func() { _ = recover() }()
+	mock := wazerotest.NewModule(wazerotest.NewFixedMemory(wazerotest.PageSize))
+	WriteUint32(mock, 0, 1)
+	t.Error("want panic")
+}
+
+func TestWriteUint32_range(t *testing.T) {
+	defer func() { _ = recover() }()
+	mock := wazerotest.NewModule(wazerotest.NewFixedMemory(wazerotest.PageSize))
+	WriteUint32(mock, wazerotest.PageSize-2, 1)
+	t.Error("want panic")
+}
+
+func TestWriteUint64_nil(t *testing.T) {
+	defer func() { _ = recover() }()
+	mock := wazerotest.NewModule(wazerotest.NewFixedMemory(wazerotest.PageSize))
+	WriteUint64(mock, 0, 1)
+	t.Error("want panic")
+}
+
+func TestWriteUint64_range(t *testing.T) {
+	defer func() { _ = recover() }()
+	mock := wazerotest.NewModule(wazerotest.NewFixedMemory(wazerotest.PageSize))
+	WriteUint64(mock, wazerotest.PageSize-2, 1)
+	t.Error("want panic")
+}
+
+func TestReadString_range(t *testing.T) {
+	defer func() { _ = recover() }()
+	mock := wazerotest.NewModule(wazerotest.NewFixedMemory(wazerotest.PageSize))
+	ReadString(mock, wazerotest.PageSize+2, math.MaxUint32)
+	t.Error("want panic")
+}

internal/util/pointer.go

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+package util
+
+type Pointer[T any] struct{ Value T }
+
+func (p Pointer[T]) unwrap() any { return p.Value }
+
+type PointerUnwrap interface{ unwrap() any }
+
+func UnwrapPointer(p PointerUnwrap) any {
+	return p.unwrap()
+}